Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Rebecca Nichols, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rebecca Nichols
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60605
I believe in the power of insight and solution focused change. My style is very direct and active as I feel this allows for the most efficient and successful results. I have found that providing feedback to my clients is helpful in creating meaningful growth. By creating a safe, non-judgmental environment the client gains a strong foundation that aids the development of insight and the ability to explore new ways of thinking and doing. After years of helping clients, I recognize that the core of successful therapy stems from the therapeutic relationship.
I believe in the power of insight and solution focused change. My style is very direct and active as I feel this allows for the most efficient and successful results. I have found that providing feedback to my clients is helpful in creating meaningful growth. By creating a safe, non-judgmental environment the client gains a strong foundation that aids the development of insight and the ability to explore new ways of thinking and doing. After years of helping clients, I recognize that the core of successful therapy stems from the therapeutic relationship.
(773) 599-0891 View (773) 599-0891
Photo of Kelly M McCradic, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kelly M McCradic
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
I utilize a trauma-informed integrated approach that tailors to the needs of each client. I support clients seeking to learn skills to develop inner strength, find self-awareness, and improve mindfulness. We will collaborate on techniques and treatment goals that allow you the freedom to begin the healing process of the body, mind, spirit, and recovery. As a veteran, I also provide support to veterans and first responders. In my experience with addiction, trauma, PTSD, and life transitions, I find that encompassing acceptance, compassion, and autonomy brings healing and improves the quality of life.
I utilize a trauma-informed integrated approach that tailors to the needs of each client. I support clients seeking to learn skills to develop inner strength, find self-awareness, and improve mindfulness. We will collaborate on techniques and treatment goals that allow you the freedom to begin the healing process of the body, mind, spirit, and recovery. As a veteran, I also provide support to veterans and first responders. In my experience with addiction, trauma, PTSD, and life transitions, I find that encompassing acceptance, compassion, and autonomy brings healing and improves the quality of life.
(847) 610-6518 View (847) 610-6518
Photo of Sadie Salazar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sadie Salazar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
Everything you need to heal is already inside you--let's work together to bring it to the surface. My practice is collaborative, holistic, and rooted in the acknowledgment that you are the expert of your own experience. My priority is ensuring that you feel heard and valued, while working towards bringing clarity and peace to your life and relationships. I prioritize culturally responsive and inclusive practice and am LGBTQIA+ affirming.
Everything you need to heal is already inside you--let's work together to bring it to the surface. My practice is collaborative, holistic, and rooted in the acknowledgment that you are the expert of your own experience. My priority is ensuring that you feel heard and valued, while working towards bringing clarity and peace to your life and relationships. I prioritize culturally responsive and inclusive practice and am LGBTQIA+ affirming.
(312) 634-6669 View (312) 634-6669
Photo of Klaudia Badr, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Klaudia Badr
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
I take a deepening approach towards therapy as to explore your inner world and how it has been shaped by your early relationships and experiences. Through self-understanding, I believe you can release ties to long-standing conflicts and position yourself towards experiences that are personally meaningful and fulfilling.
I take a deepening approach towards therapy as to explore your inner world and how it has been shaped by your early relationships and experiences. Through self-understanding, I believe you can release ties to long-standing conflicts and position yourself towards experiences that are personally meaningful and fulfilling.
(312) 584-3125 View (312) 584-3125
Photo of Healing Tea Therapy - Nada C Pavlovic, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Healing Tea Therapy - Nada C Pavlovic
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, CCFP
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
Welcome! I am accepting new clients! I offer some evidence based tools to foster behavioral change. There is a place for talk, yet there is a need sometimes for actionable steps, suggestions and even challenges in a safe and respectful way. If you're ready to take action and take responsibility for your life, give me a call. I specialize in treating clients for trauma, addiction, mood disorders, low self esteem, eating disorders and codependency.
Welcome! I am accepting new clients! I offer some evidence based tools to foster behavioral change. There is a place for talk, yet there is a need sometimes for actionable steps, suggestions and even challenges in a safe and respectful way. If you're ready to take action and take responsibility for your life, give me a call. I specialize in treating clients for trauma, addiction, mood disorders, low self esteem, eating disorders and codependency.
(773) 692-9511 View (773) 692-9511
Photo of Inner Tides Counseling Pllc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Inner Tides Counseling Pllc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hi, my name is Darlene, founder/owner of Inner Tides Counseling, PLLC. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker licensed in Illinois. I have over 7 years of experience primarily working with children, adolescents, and adults who experienced various forms trauma. I also support people in addressing areas of relationships, parenting, life transitions, grief/loss, depression & anxiety. I use relational, trauma-informed, anti-oppressive frameworks rooted in feminist, attachment, systems theories.
Hi, my name is Darlene, founder/owner of Inner Tides Counseling, PLLC. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker licensed in Illinois. I have over 7 years of experience primarily working with children, adolescents, and adults who experienced various forms trauma. I also support people in addressing areas of relationships, parenting, life transitions, grief/loss, depression & anxiety. I use relational, trauma-informed, anti-oppressive frameworks rooted in feminist, attachment, systems theories.
(872) 256-2294 View (872) 256-2294
Photo of Kate Naomi Aldridge, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Kate Naomi Aldridge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622  (Online Only)
One of my favorite song lyrics says, "I'm just a spirit trying to be human." There’s so much weight that lives inside those words: emotions, questions, uncertainty. For those of us who wander, question who we are, or wonder what our purpose is, we can stumble if life hasn’t met our expectations. The majority of my clients identify as misfits, empaths, spiritual beings, and highly sensitive people who have survived childhood trauma, harsh life transitions, and an occasional identity crisis.
One of my favorite song lyrics says, "I'm just a spirit trying to be human." There’s so much weight that lives inside those words: emotions, questions, uncertainty. For those of us who wander, question who we are, or wonder what our purpose is, we can stumble if life hasn’t met our expectations. The majority of my clients identify as misfits, empaths, spiritual beings, and highly sensitive people who have survived childhood trauma, harsh life transitions, and an occasional identity crisis.
(217) 651-4165 View (217) 651-4165
Photo of Dr. Robert W Caruso, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Chicago, IL
Dr. Robert W Caruso
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, DMin, MA, ALMFT, MART
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602  (Online Only)
Life can be overwhelming sometimes, and we may feel disconnected from those we care about the most. And for many of us, there are days when we want to shut the world out and stay in bed. Many counselors focus on defining the problem and finding practical solutions to resolve it. If only life were so easy, am I right? Most of the time, we want to feel heard—really heard and seen by another person. A diagnosis can sometimes be helpful in the healing process, but remember, you are more than your diagnosis and practical solutions. Healing begins when you are heard and, most of all, when you feel seen.
Life can be overwhelming sometimes, and we may feel disconnected from those we care about the most. And for many of us, there are days when we want to shut the world out and stay in bed. Many counselors focus on defining the problem and finding practical solutions to resolve it. If only life were so easy, am I right? Most of the time, we want to feel heard—really heard and seen by another person. A diagnosis can sometimes be helpful in the healing process, but remember, you are more than your diagnosis and practical solutions. Healing begins when you are heard and, most of all, when you feel seen.
(312) 465-5593 View (312) 465-5593
Photo of Jessie Sisneros, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jessie Sisneros
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601
Whatever reason brought you here, I am inspired by your bravery; you’ve taken the first step! It’s important to me that you have autonomy over your therapy. Here’s some insight into me to help you decide if I am the right person to accompany and support you on your journey. I am passionate about finding the root causes of undesired emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. I encourage healing through non-judgmental compassion, education, and mindfulness. I typically practice through a feminist, trauma-informed theoretical lens, although I embrace eclectic approaches to best suit your unique identity.
Whatever reason brought you here, I am inspired by your bravery; you’ve taken the first step! It’s important to me that you have autonomy over your therapy. Here’s some insight into me to help you decide if I am the right person to accompany and support you on your journey. I am passionate about finding the root causes of undesired emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. I encourage healing through non-judgmental compassion, education, and mindfulness. I typically practice through a feminist, trauma-informed theoretical lens, although I embrace eclectic approaches to best suit your unique identity.
(773) 985-2373 View (773) 985-2373
Photo of Meilin Liou Zarnitsyna, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Meilin Liou Zarnitsyna
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdS, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
My clinical interests include depression and anxiety, trauma recovery, grief and loss, neurodivergence, and issues related to life transitions, relationships, and parenting. I used to teach at the Davidson Academy of Nevada, which serves profoundly gifted students, and have a special passion for working with gifted/2E folks and their families. I'm also a graduate of PDA North America's certification program in the PDA (Pathological Demand Avoidance) profile of autism.
My clinical interests include depression and anxiety, trauma recovery, grief and loss, neurodivergence, and issues related to life transitions, relationships, and parenting. I used to teach at the Davidson Academy of Nevada, which serves profoundly gifted students, and have a special passion for working with gifted/2E folks and their families. I'm also a graduate of PDA North America's certification program in the PDA (Pathological Demand Avoidance) profile of autism.
(773) 281-7200 x5 View (773) 281-7200 x5
Photo of Melissa Manley, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Melissa Manley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
My specialties include working with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, self-esteem and self-image issues, social difficulties, and issues surrounding gender and sexual identity. As a member of the LGBTQ community, I am passionate about working with LGBTQ clients and clients in consensually nonmonogamous relationships. I strive to be aware of how all individuals I work with are impacted by their social contexts, such as personal relationships, family systems, and systems of oppression.
My specialties include working with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, self-esteem and self-image issues, social difficulties, and issues surrounding gender and sexual identity. As a member of the LGBTQ community, I am passionate about working with LGBTQ clients and clients in consensually nonmonogamous relationships. I strive to be aware of how all individuals I work with are impacted by their social contexts, such as personal relationships, family systems, and systems of oppression.
(773) 897-3285 View (773) 897-3285
Photo of Reed Allen, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Reed Allen
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60610  (Online Only)
Do you feel stuck in a certain stage or aspect of your life? I use these “stuck” feelings to explore inconsistencies in an effort to move back in alignment towards a more authentic self. Within our fast paced world, there is a theme of inadequacy; not being enough, not doing enough. I work collaboratively with my clients to create realistic goals that align with their own values. These goals expand beyond the self to include work, family, and relationships. Without the overwhelming pressure from the universal “shoulds” and societal timelines, my clients gain better insight into their own selves and how to live in service of that.
Do you feel stuck in a certain stage or aspect of your life? I use these “stuck” feelings to explore inconsistencies in an effort to move back in alignment towards a more authentic self. Within our fast paced world, there is a theme of inadequacy; not being enough, not doing enough. I work collaboratively with my clients to create realistic goals that align with their own values. These goals expand beyond the self to include work, family, and relationships. Without the overwhelming pressure from the universal “shoulds” and societal timelines, my clients gain better insight into their own selves and how to live in service of that.
(312) 313-9916 View (312) 313-9916
Photo of Samuel Curry, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Samuel Curry
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60603
Hello, my name is Sam Curry. I am a native Chicagoan interested in working with adults across various ages, backgrounds, and identities who struggle with stress, anxiety, depression, relationships, career-related concerns, and numerous other issues.
Hello, my name is Sam Curry. I am a native Chicagoan interested in working with adults across various ages, backgrounds, and identities who struggle with stress, anxiety, depression, relationships, career-related concerns, and numerous other issues.
(847) 999-7702 View (847) 999-7702
Photo of Sushma Cheturvedula, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Sushma Cheturvedula
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60629  (Online Only)
In moments we feel inadequate, uncertain, or even confused, we often look for a helping hand. As a therapist, I perfectly understand that we all need a little extra support at some point in our lives. Together, we will work out solutions that could help you grow as an individual. Working with me can help improve your emotional well-being, make peace with your past, and live the life you’ve always wanted. Our minds can get overwhelmed sometimes, but I will help you unravel what’s causing you stress. Whether it is anxiety, grief, abuse, or even a tough breakup – there will be no judgment from me. Help is just a phone call away.
In moments we feel inadequate, uncertain, or even confused, we often look for a helping hand. As a therapist, I perfectly understand that we all need a little extra support at some point in our lives. Together, we will work out solutions that could help you grow as an individual. Working with me can help improve your emotional well-being, make peace with your past, and live the life you’ve always wanted. Our minds can get overwhelmed sometimes, but I will help you unravel what’s causing you stress. Whether it is anxiety, grief, abuse, or even a tough breakup – there will be no judgment from me. Help is just a phone call away.
(773) 985-2443 View (773) 985-2443
Photo of Anviksha Kalscheur, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Anviksha Kalscheur
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
I am here to help you live your soul's purpose. I believe we do this by doing our own internal emotional work as well as allowing our relationships to be mirrors for us. I will help you explore your inner world as well as your relationships and move through struggle and challenges that eventually lead to personal growth and development. I provide an inspiring, non-judgemental, and supportive space that is intuitive and grounded in research and extensive experience. I help families and its' members wherever they are on their journey in life. I will help facilitate a healthy integration of your mind, body and spirit.
I am here to help you live your soul's purpose. I believe we do this by doing our own internal emotional work as well as allowing our relationships to be mirrors for us. I will help you explore your inner world as well as your relationships and move through struggle and challenges that eventually lead to personal growth and development. I provide an inspiring, non-judgemental, and supportive space that is intuitive and grounded in research and extensive experience. I help families and its' members wherever they are on their journey in life. I will help facilitate a healthy integration of your mind, body and spirit.
(773) 717-2965 View (773) 717-2965
Photo of Ray White, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Ray White
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
I take a client-centered focus in therapy; meaning I believe you are the expert of your experience. As a trauma-informed therapist, I think it is important to meet you where you are with the recognition that healing and growth are not linear. I approach this by building a strong therapeutic relationship. This relationship develops into a trust where you and I can work collaboratively for you to make the desired change you’re seeking.
I take a client-centered focus in therapy; meaning I believe you are the expert of your experience. As a trauma-informed therapist, I think it is important to meet you where you are with the recognition that healing and growth are not linear. I approach this by building a strong therapeutic relationship. This relationship develops into a trust where you and I can work collaboratively for you to make the desired change you’re seeking.
(773) 906-7024 View (773) 906-7024
Photo of Mary Beth Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Mary Beth Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60626  (Online Only)
We often start the healing process feeling lost, unsure if we’ll ever feel better. Or maybe when life has knocked us down and we don’t know which way to go next, maybe it feels too hard to keep going. If any of these resonate with you, I’m glad you’re here. As a therapist, I work as a guide for my clients. I do my best to help you get in touch with that deep knowledge of what you need to do to heal by providing space to explore and dig deeper. I offer myself as a witness to your story, your life, your experiences, and as a mirror to your inherent worth.
We often start the healing process feeling lost, unsure if we’ll ever feel better. Or maybe when life has knocked us down and we don’t know which way to go next, maybe it feels too hard to keep going. If any of these resonate with you, I’m glad you’re here. As a therapist, I work as a guide for my clients. I do my best to help you get in touch with that deep knowledge of what you need to do to heal by providing space to explore and dig deeper. I offer myself as a witness to your story, your life, your experiences, and as a mirror to your inherent worth.
(872) 395-6438 View (872) 395-6438
Photo of Advocacy & Education Consulting, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Advocacy & Education Consulting
Counselor, MA, MEd, LCPC, CCTP, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60631
My professional training in various theories and models led me to reflect on my beliefs about human nature, how problems develop within people, and their capacity to change. Taking an Adlerian approach allows me to counsel through my core beliefs: society/the dominant culture’s oppressive ways impact people and therefore a shift to a more egalitarian society needs to occur; with empathic, compassionate, and culturally responsive support, people can change, grow, and improve their lives for both self and social interest; and with culturally responsive education and support, society can do better with each other and for each other.
My professional training in various theories and models led me to reflect on my beliefs about human nature, how problems develop within people, and their capacity to change. Taking an Adlerian approach allows me to counsel through my core beliefs: society/the dominant culture’s oppressive ways impact people and therefore a shift to a more egalitarian society needs to occur; with empathic, compassionate, and culturally responsive support, people can change, grow, and improve their lives for both self and social interest; and with culturally responsive education and support, society can do better with each other and for each other.
(773) 992-1671 View (773) 992-1671
Photo of Samantha Campbell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Samantha Campbell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
I approach my client work with empathy and compassion. It is my hope to meet my clients where they are in order to build a trusting relationship while working together toward each individualized goal. As a therapist, I find most reward in helping clients focus on their strengths and use them to increase self-esteem and sense of purpose. I have a history of working with children, families and adults from diverse backgrounds. My background includes work in the school setting and in the community. Specifically, I have experience in areas of anxiety, depression, mood disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD and life transitions.
I approach my client work with empathy and compassion. It is my hope to meet my clients where they are in order to build a trusting relationship while working together toward each individualized goal. As a therapist, I find most reward in helping clients focus on their strengths and use them to increase self-esteem and sense of purpose. I have a history of working with children, families and adults from diverse backgrounds. My background includes work in the school setting and in the community. Specifically, I have experience in areas of anxiety, depression, mood disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD and life transitions.
(872) 250-4499 View (872) 250-4499
Photo of Jeff Stahl, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jeff Stahl
Counselor, LCPC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60606
By picking up the phone and contacting a therapist, you've taken the hardest step: a coming to an awareness that you would like to affect change in your life. I believe in an interactive, dynamic approach where together we explore the history of an issue, it's effects and most importantly, institute a positive plan for change.
By picking up the phone and contacting a therapist, you've taken the hardest step: a coming to an awareness that you would like to affect change in your life. I believe in an interactive, dynamic approach where together we explore the history of an issue, it's effects and most importantly, institute a positive plan for change.
(312) 487-4381 View (312) 487-4381

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.