Therapists in Ashland, OR

Photo of Marijana Knez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ashland, OR
Marijana Knez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Do you feel stuck, confused, exhausted and hopeless that life can get better for you? Do you seek to find more peace, joy, maybe more intimacy? I am a European-born therapist with close to two great decades of counseling individuals and couples challenged with life stressors and transitions, trauma, lack of intimacy, relationship issues, self-esteem and image, mood, focus, grief, addictions... Over the years I have successfully supported youth, adults, couples and families from all walks of life and cultural backgrounds. Please note, the demand for services can be overwhelming, I try to respond to each inquiry if at all possible.
Do you feel stuck, confused, exhausted and hopeless that life can get better for you? Do you seek to find more peace, joy, maybe more intimacy? I am a European-born therapist with close to two great decades of counseling individuals and couples challenged with life stressors and transitions, trauma, lack of intimacy, relationship issues, self-esteem and image, mood, focus, grief, addictions... Over the years I have successfully supported youth, adults, couples and families from all walks of life and cultural backgrounds. Please note, the demand for services can be overwhelming, I try to respond to each inquiry if at all possible.
(541) 449-9684 View (541) 449-9684
Photo of Next Chapter Counseling LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Next Chapter Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CADC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
We suck at dying. And dying is more than just physical death - it can also be loss, grief, or change to identity, experiences of trauma, and connections to self and others. Are you ready to find new meaning in life so you can enjoy your time with significantly reduced stress and fear? I am passionate about working with people who are actively preparing for death, navigating terminal illnesses, wanting to explore their relationship with death and the other side, and people who are experiencing grief and “little deaths” related to their identity, trauma, or life changes.
We suck at dying. And dying is more than just physical death - it can also be loss, grief, or change to identity, experiences of trauma, and connections to self and others. Are you ready to find new meaning in life so you can enjoy your time with significantly reduced stress and fear? I am passionate about working with people who are actively preparing for death, navigating terminal illnesses, wanting to explore their relationship with death and the other side, and people who are experiencing grief and “little deaths” related to their identity, trauma, or life changes.
(458) 225-5231 View (458) 225-5231
Photo of Christy Ivory, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Christy Ivory
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Clients have chosen to work with me because of my years of experience navigating such issues as anxiety, depression, symptoms of trauma, dysfunctional family relationships, and substance use disorders. I like to believe I provide a safe space for clients to gain a deeper understanding and awareness of themselves. It feels like life seems to be getting harder and more challenging for many people and I believe we can all use a little extra support. I would love to support you in your journey of implementing a plan for navigating your specific life challenges.
Clients have chosen to work with me because of my years of experience navigating such issues as anxiety, depression, symptoms of trauma, dysfunctional family relationships, and substance use disorders. I like to believe I provide a safe space for clients to gain a deeper understanding and awareness of themselves. It feels like life seems to be getting harder and more challenging for many people and I believe we can all use a little extra support. I would love to support you in your journey of implementing a plan for navigating your specific life challenges.
(541) 652-6802 View (541) 652-6802
Photo of Drew Snyder, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Drew Snyder
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
I create a compassionate and encouraging climate where clients from any background are empowered with the tools to explore necessary change in their lives and work toward growth and healthy development. I partner with clients in their journey of self-discovery by pursuing healing from and acceptance of the past; cultivating responsibility and building healthy relationships in the present, and discovering existential meaning for the future. Many individuals and couples experiencing issues such as relationship challenges, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, or trauma and childhood trauma have found success working with me.
I create a compassionate and encouraging climate where clients from any background are empowered with the tools to explore necessary change in their lives and work toward growth and healthy development. I partner with clients in their journey of self-discovery by pursuing healing from and acceptance of the past; cultivating responsibility and building healthy relationships in the present, and discovering existential meaning for the future. Many individuals and couples experiencing issues such as relationship challenges, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, or trauma and childhood trauma have found success working with me.
(402) 521-5789 View (402) 521-5789
Photo of Rebecca Frey, LMFT at Ashland Family Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ashland, OR
Rebecca Frey, LMFT at Ashland Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, QMHP
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
I strongly believe that we can all benefit from spending time and energy on attending to what we need to heal past hurts, understand unhelpful patterns, and ultimately move forward. I view my role as an ally and witness to your journey. I will contribute my expertise and support, offer techniques, add insight, and help hold space for strong emotions but I will respect that you are the expert of your story. I frequently work with individuals or families dealing with difficult transitions or relational issues. It is my goal to help you, your child, and/or your family function to your highest potential and live your happiest lives.
I strongly believe that we can all benefit from spending time and energy on attending to what we need to heal past hurts, understand unhelpful patterns, and ultimately move forward. I view my role as an ally and witness to your journey. I will contribute my expertise and support, offer techniques, add insight, and help hold space for strong emotions but I will respect that you are the expert of your story. I frequently work with individuals or families dealing with difficult transitions or relational issues. It is my goal to help you, your child, and/or your family function to your highest potential and live your happiest lives.
(541) 625-1882 View (541) 625-1882
Photo of Kay Hagen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ashland, OR
Kay Hagen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
My specialty is working with folks who have a developmental or intellectual disability (DD) as well as having a dual diagnosis, and those who are close to them. I understand there are many issues confronting you. I would love to help you sort through those issues and find solutions. Sometimes just a few tips can change a situation into something workable for everyone. I am here to listen and provide the guidance you are looking for in making your life better.
My specialty is working with folks who have a developmental or intellectual disability (DD) as well as having a dual diagnosis, and those who are close to them. I understand there are many issues confronting you. I would love to help you sort through those issues and find solutions. Sometimes just a few tips can change a situation into something workable for everyone. I am here to listen and provide the guidance you are looking for in making your life better.
(541) 233-0277 View (541) 233-0277
Photo of Kelly Birch, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Kelly Birch
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, C-IAYT
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Waitlist for new clients
Using a variety of therapeutic tools to create a client-centered, integrated approach to change, I offer a compassionate environment to help you achieve your therapy goals. I welcome diverse clients with a variety of mental health needs, including anxiety, depression, trauma recovery, insomnia, and chronic pain. I focus on your natural strengths and resilience as well as your inherent motivation for change, and working with unhelpful thoughts and behaviors. I often incorporate mindfulness and acceptance techniques, as well as guided meditation, to facilitate the therapy process and lead to more ease in meeting life's ups and downs.
Using a variety of therapeutic tools to create a client-centered, integrated approach to change, I offer a compassionate environment to help you achieve your therapy goals. I welcome diverse clients with a variety of mental health needs, including anxiety, depression, trauma recovery, insomnia, and chronic pain. I focus on your natural strengths and resilience as well as your inherent motivation for change, and working with unhelpful thoughts and behaviors. I often incorporate mindfulness and acceptance techniques, as well as guided meditation, to facilitate the therapy process and lead to more ease in meeting life's ups and downs.
(541) 204-2504 View (541) 204-2504
Photo of Patricia Lal Montoya, Psychologist in Ashland, OR
Patricia Lal Montoya
Psychologist, PsyD, MS
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Hello and welcome to my profile. Brene' Brown, Ph.D. wrote, "Courage starts with showing up and letting ourselves be seen." Finding a therapist and allowing ourselves to "be seen" takes courage. So, I'd like to applaud you for taking this initial step.
Hello and welcome to my profile. Brene' Brown, Ph.D. wrote, "Courage starts with showing up and letting ourselves be seen." Finding a therapist and allowing ourselves to "be seen" takes courage. So, I'd like to applaud you for taking this initial step.
(541) 255-1210 View (541) 255-1210
Photo of Andrew Bertell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ashland, OR
Andrew Bertell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Hello and thank you for visiting my profile. A decision to face what ails and challenges us, to commit to growing and making more of our own happiness and fulfillment is a distinctly personal one. And it is one that I would be glad to partner in with you.
Hello and thank you for visiting my profile. A decision to face what ails and challenges us, to commit to growing and making more of our own happiness and fulfillment is a distinctly personal one. And it is one that I would be glad to partner in with you.
(541) 576-1319 View (541) 576-1319
Photo of Peter Erickson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Peter Erickson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I aim to serve people devoted to growing themselves and their communities. I often support clients working in helping professions, such as health care, education, non-profits, community services, and therapeutic programs. I can empathize with the demands of simultaneously being a parent, professional, and serving people in crisis. Many of us are 'wounded healers' in our own right, coping with inner struggles while caring for those around us. Healing occurs as we bravely confront our own inner difficulties, and that is a process I am passionate about supporting.
I aim to serve people devoted to growing themselves and their communities. I often support clients working in helping professions, such as health care, education, non-profits, community services, and therapeutic programs. I can empathize with the demands of simultaneously being a parent, professional, and serving people in crisis. Many of us are 'wounded healers' in our own right, coping with inner struggles while caring for those around us. Healing occurs as we bravely confront our own inner difficulties, and that is a process I am passionate about supporting.
(541) 238-9378 View (541) 238-9378
Photo of Jamie Barton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Jamie Barton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Waitlist for new clients
Remembering what your last therapist told you, “diets don’t work” interrupts your cycling thoughts that you should skip a meal today. No matter how little you have eaten or how much you have exercised, you never felt thin enough to fit into those expensive designer jeans saved for when you lose a little weight. You’ve already tried everything from restricting the kinds of food you eat by cutting out carbs and sugar to going paleo. Since you grew up watching your mom diet and make negative comments about her body, it makes sense that you have imagined that eating "clean" or "healthy" would give you a sense of security.
Remembering what your last therapist told you, “diets don’t work” interrupts your cycling thoughts that you should skip a meal today. No matter how little you have eaten or how much you have exercised, you never felt thin enough to fit into those expensive designer jeans saved for when you lose a little weight. You’ve already tried everything from restricting the kinds of food you eat by cutting out carbs and sugar to going paleo. Since you grew up watching your mom diet and make negative comments about her body, it makes sense that you have imagined that eating "clean" or "healthy" would give you a sense of security.
(541) 577-4979 View (541) 577-4979
Photo of Desiree Elizabeth Coutinho, Clinical Social Work Associate in Ashland, OR
Desiree Elizabeth Coutinho
Clinical Social Work Associate, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
I’m Desiree, a queer, woman of color therapist located in Southern Oregon. I specialize in working with individuals navigating trauma, helping them integrate past wounding, navigate fear, and cultivate acceptance. I am passionate about guiding clients through embodied grief processes, as a powerful tool for individual and collective healing and a way to reclaim our wellbeing. I work with all ages, but am especially interested in working with young adults, navigating anxiety, depression, stress, and other mental health challenges related to living in uncertain times.
I’m Desiree, a queer, woman of color therapist located in Southern Oregon. I specialize in working with individuals navigating trauma, helping them integrate past wounding, navigate fear, and cultivate acceptance. I am passionate about guiding clients through embodied grief processes, as a powerful tool for individual and collective healing and a way to reclaim our wellbeing. I work with all ages, but am especially interested in working with young adults, navigating anxiety, depression, stress, and other mental health challenges related to living in uncertain times.
(541) 834-9165 View (541) 834-9165
Photo of Sheryl N Grunde, Professional Counselor Associate in Ashland, OR
Sheryl N Grunde
Professional Counselor Associate, MS
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
I help individuals find fulfillment and couples to thrive in their relationships. I love supporting women and families through pregnancy and motherhood. Inner peace is about understanding and finding acceptance for who you are and how you came to be this person. We will identify your strengths and use them to transform negative patterns that are holding you back or keeping you down. I teach somatic awareness and mindfulness to help you improve your ability to witness yourself, leading to more insight. I work with couples on communication, sexuality, co-parenting, making agreements and becoming each other’s best support person.
I help individuals find fulfillment and couples to thrive in their relationships. I love supporting women and families through pregnancy and motherhood. Inner peace is about understanding and finding acceptance for who you are and how you came to be this person. We will identify your strengths and use them to transform negative patterns that are holding you back or keeping you down. I teach somatic awareness and mindfulness to help you improve your ability to witness yourself, leading to more insight. I work with couples on communication, sexuality, co-parenting, making agreements and becoming each other’s best support person.
(541) 275-6984 View (541) 275-6984
Photo of Marcia M Overstreet, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Marcia M Overstreet
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520  (Online Only)
I believe individuals have rich potential for growth and change. In a peaceful, supportive, and non-judgmental environment I assist individuals toward healing from depression, loss, anxiety, and broken relationships. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for mood and anxiety disorders, Logotherapy for loss, and the Gottman Method (eclectic) for couple's counseling.
I believe individuals have rich potential for growth and change. In a peaceful, supportive, and non-judgmental environment I assist individuals toward healing from depression, loss, anxiety, and broken relationships. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for mood and anxiety disorders, Logotherapy for loss, and the Gottman Method (eclectic) for couple's counseling.
(541) 423-2037 View (541) 423-2037
Photo of Jade Miller: Family Solutions, Pre-Licensed Professional in Ashland, OR
Jade Miller: Family Solutions
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Waitlist for new clients
I create a warm and welcoming environment where people can heal and grow. It is my role as a therapist to help explore, guide, and walk alongside people as they let go of old patterns and embrace moving towards creating an intentional life that is full of meaning and mindfulness. The client is the expert and already holds the wisdom they seek within them, and I can help them learn how to tap into their own inner wisdom and resources. I work with clients to collaboratively identify solutions, process and reframe life experiences, and to promote a deeper sense of confidence, self-love, and insight.
I create a warm and welcoming environment where people can heal and grow. It is my role as a therapist to help explore, guide, and walk alongside people as they let go of old patterns and embrace moving towards creating an intentional life that is full of meaning and mindfulness. The client is the expert and already holds the wisdom they seek within them, and I can help them learn how to tap into their own inner wisdom and resources. I work with clients to collaboratively identify solutions, process and reframe life experiences, and to promote a deeper sense of confidence, self-love, and insight.
(541) 813-3883 View (541) 813-3883
Photo of Kimberly Reilly, Professional Counselor Associate in Ashland, OR
Kimberly Reilly
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, CAGS, LPCA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
I am honored to serve as a guide on your journey towards growth and healing. I understand the courage it takes to take the first step, so it's important to me to co-create a safe and compassionate space for you to express yourself, and achieve the life goals you desire. I'm inspired to work with diverse groups of people, and those struggling with issues of childhood trauma, depression, anxiety, addiction, relationship difficulties, multi-racial challenges, adoption and attachment difficulties, as well as spiritual concerns. Although the healing path is not always easy, it can be profoundly rewarding and transformational.
I am honored to serve as a guide on your journey towards growth and healing. I understand the courage it takes to take the first step, so it's important to me to co-create a safe and compassionate space for you to express yourself, and achieve the life goals you desire. I'm inspired to work with diverse groups of people, and those struggling with issues of childhood trauma, depression, anxiety, addiction, relationship difficulties, multi-racial challenges, adoption and attachment difficulties, as well as spiritual concerns. Although the healing path is not always easy, it can be profoundly rewarding and transformational.
(541) 209-4236 View (541) 209-4236
Photo of Ryan Ginn, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Ryan Ginn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Waitlist for new clients
I offer body centered, mindfulness based therapy for individuals wanting to get at the source of their symptoms whether that be anxiety, depression, or relational difficulties.
I offer body centered, mindfulness based therapy for individuals wanting to get at the source of their symptoms whether that be anxiety, depression, or relational difficulties.
(541) 527-7464 View (541) 527-7464
Photo of Irene Gasde in Ashland, OR
Irene Gasde
MS, MiM, QMHP, CFEP
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Now accepting new individual clients & couples - both in person & virtually. Choosing a therapist who best meets your needs can be daunting. Ideally, this person is experienced and competent in your areas of concern, and their therapeutic style & personality make them well suited to match your preferences & comfort level. I offer a free consultation to help you decide if you would like to embark on this journey with me. My perspective is informed by a humanistic, bio-psycho-social worldview & a long practice of mindfulness. Change starts with curiosity that leads to greater awareness, which - in turn - reveals healthier choices.
Now accepting new individual clients & couples - both in person & virtually. Choosing a therapist who best meets your needs can be daunting. Ideally, this person is experienced and competent in your areas of concern, and their therapeutic style & personality make them well suited to match your preferences & comfort level. I offer a free consultation to help you decide if you would like to embark on this journey with me. My perspective is informed by a humanistic, bio-psycho-social worldview & a long practice of mindfulness. Change starts with curiosity that leads to greater awareness, which - in turn - reveals healthier choices.
(541) 256-2562 View (541) 256-2562
Photo of Delaine Due, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Delaine Due
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LAT, LPC
Verified Verified
Ashland, OR 97520
Not accepting new clients
As a Board Certified Art Therapist I give my clients a safe space where expression without judgment is supported. I work with adolescents and adults in both brief and long-term art psychotherapy. I work with people to transform trauma and anxiety, as well as those questioning sexuality and gender identity. The modality and practice of art psychotherapy combined with my background in depth psychology create a therapeutic experience that supports your own internal wisdom in the process. I am also practical and provide immediate skills to my clients for managing stress, changing detrimental thought patterns and behaviors, and gaining insight.
As a Board Certified Art Therapist I give my clients a safe space where expression without judgment is supported. I work with adolescents and adults in both brief and long-term art psychotherapy. I work with people to transform trauma and anxiety, as well as those questioning sexuality and gender identity. The modality and practice of art psychotherapy combined with my background in depth psychology create a therapeutic experience that supports your own internal wisdom in the process. I am also practical and provide immediate skills to my clients for managing stress, changing detrimental thought patterns and behaviors, and gaining insight.
(541) 526-7358 View (541) 526-7358
Photo of Shabd Khalsa, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ashland, OR
Shabd Khalsa
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CET
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ashland, OR 97520
Therapy is an invaluable tool for gaining insight into painful experiences, transforming patterns that no longer serve you, and finding peace of mind. Whether you need help with a specific issue or a space to do ongoing healing work, having an objective and trusted guide to stand beside you can be essential. I offer a safe space for you to feel whatever is alive in you.
Therapy is an invaluable tool for gaining insight into painful experiences, transforming patterns that no longer serve you, and finding peace of mind. Whether you need help with a specific issue or a space to do ongoing healing work, having an objective and trusted guide to stand beside you can be essential. I offer a safe space for you to feel whatever is alive in you.
(512) 900-7602 View (512) 900-7602

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ashland, OR

200+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Ashland, OR who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
78% Trauma and PTSD
78% Self Esteem
75% Stress
72% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Oregon Health Plan (OHP)
57% Other
44% PacificSource

How Therapists in Ashland, OR see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
24% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ashland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.