Therapists in Sylmar, CA

Photo of Tsovinar Karapetyan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Tsovinar Karapetyan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a compassionate Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 8 years of experience in providing mental health services. I focus on life transitions, relationship challenges, anxiety/depression, women's issues, maternal mental health, and stress management. In order to meet individual needs, I incorporate several theoretical frameworks to create a holistic therapeutic experience that supports personal growth and resilience. I focus on understanding the individual's unique experiences and feelings, helping them explore their thoughts and behaviors.
I am a compassionate Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 8 years of experience in providing mental health services. I focus on life transitions, relationship challenges, anxiety/depression, women's issues, maternal mental health, and stress management. In order to meet individual needs, I incorporate several theoretical frameworks to create a holistic therapeutic experience that supports personal growth and resilience. I focus on understanding the individual's unique experiences and feelings, helping them explore their thoughts and behaviors.
(747) 277-5799 View (747) 277-5799
Photo of Corlie Presswood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Corlie Presswood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, my name is Corlie Presswood and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of California. I currently work a full-time job within the county mental health system. I am very easygoing and like to provide a relaxed, judgment-free space for my clients to talk about the issues (and successes) currently in their lives. I am certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I have experience working with clients experiencing Trauma, Bi-Polar, Depression, Anxiety, and persistent mental illness and psychosis.
Hi, my name is Corlie Presswood and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of California. I currently work a full-time job within the county mental health system. I am very easygoing and like to provide a relaxed, judgment-free space for my clients to talk about the issues (and successes) currently in their lives. I am certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I have experience working with clients experiencing Trauma, Bi-Polar, Depression, Anxiety, and persistent mental illness and psychosis.
(747) 588-6551 View (747) 588-6551
Photo of Emily Ropes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Emily Ropes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, my name is Emily Ropes. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who is passionate about supporting individuals navigate through life’s challenges while engaging their own self-determination and instilling hope. My approach is strength-based and client-centered and varies based on each client’s individual needs. It is my belief that we are experts in our own lives and therapy can engage us in discovering our own strengths and guide us toward healing. I also understand the way our environment impacts our lives. I utilize a variety of modalities including Cognitive Behavioral, and Dialectic Behavioral therapy.
Hello, my name is Emily Ropes. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who is passionate about supporting individuals navigate through life’s challenges while engaging their own self-determination and instilling hope. My approach is strength-based and client-centered and varies based on each client’s individual needs. It is my belief that we are experts in our own lives and therapy can engage us in discovering our own strengths and guide us toward healing. I also understand the way our environment impacts our lives. I utilize a variety of modalities including Cognitive Behavioral, and Dialectic Behavioral therapy.
(747) 269-0811 View (747) 269-0811
Photo of Tinya Holt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Tinya Holt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Tinya Holt, LCSW, provides a solution-focused and warmly supportive therapeutic experience aimed at fostering your healing and happiness. Her approach creates a judgment-free oasis amid life's stresses, dedicated to helping you live a fulfilling and wonderful life. My client-focused services encompass individual therapy that addresses issues like anxiety, depression, and stress through cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques. I also provide immediate crisis intervention using solution-focused brief therapy to help stabilize and plan for recovery.
Tinya Holt, LCSW, provides a solution-focused and warmly supportive therapeutic experience aimed at fostering your healing and happiness. Her approach creates a judgment-free oasis amid life's stresses, dedicated to helping you live a fulfilling and wonderful life. My client-focused services encompass individual therapy that addresses issues like anxiety, depression, and stress through cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques. I also provide immediate crisis intervention using solution-focused brief therapy to help stabilize and plan for recovery.
(747) 946-6021 View (747) 946-6021
Photo of Yoanna Guerrero, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Yoanna Guerrero
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
After I received my B.A. in Social Work, I found myself working with vulnerable populations on a community level as a medical social worker and a Victim Advocate for domestic violence victims. From these experiences, I knew that I wanted to work directly with individuals, families, and small groups to help them meet their needs and get to the root of each person's unique challenges. This led me to pursue my Master's in Social Work at CSU Fresno. What continues to drive me to work with others is being a small part of someone's healing journey and celebrating their wins.
After I received my B.A. in Social Work, I found myself working with vulnerable populations on a community level as a medical social worker and a Victim Advocate for domestic violence victims. From these experiences, I knew that I wanted to work directly with individuals, families, and small groups to help them meet their needs and get to the root of each person's unique challenges. This led me to pursue my Master's in Social Work at CSU Fresno. What continues to drive me to work with others is being a small part of someone's healing journey and celebrating their wins.
(747) 277-7918 View (747) 277-7918
Photo of Jennifer Rios-Zambrano, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Jennifer Rios-Zambrano
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, I am Jennifer Rios-Zambrano, a passionate and dedicated Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. My extensive training allows me to approach therapy with cultural sensitivity and a holistic understanding of individual and family dynamics. With a background in social work and education, I leverage my diverse experiences to foster meaningful connections with my clients. I am committed to helping clients navigate their challenges and discover their strengths, empowering them to achieve lasting positive change.
Hello, I am Jennifer Rios-Zambrano, a passionate and dedicated Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. My extensive training allows me to approach therapy with cultural sensitivity and a holistic understanding of individual and family dynamics. With a background in social work and education, I leverage my diverse experiences to foster meaningful connections with my clients. I am committed to helping clients navigate their challenges and discover their strengths, empowering them to achieve lasting positive change.
(747) 977-8607 View (747) 977-8607
Photo of Tobias Park, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Tobias Park
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Tobias (Toby) Park, LMFT. License 147338. My role is to provide evidence to my clients that their struggles make sense, and that they are not going crazy for going through what they're going through. You have tools to get through each day you don't even know you're using. These are the tools we will leverage in therapy to create meaningful change in your life. My focus is on individuals and families.
Tobias (Toby) Park, LMFT. License 147338. My role is to provide evidence to my clients that their struggles make sense, and that they are not going crazy for going through what they're going through. You have tools to get through each day you don't even know you're using. These are the tools we will leverage in therapy to create meaningful change in your life. My focus is on individuals and families.
(747) 318-5454 View (747) 318-5454
Photo of Fabio Leon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Fabio Leon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
My name is Fabio Leon and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Temecula, California but I am able to work with clients statewide via telehealth. My approach to therapy varies based on the specialized needs of each client I work with. The most frequent therapeutic models I utilize include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal Psychotherapy, Mindfulness, and Motivational Interviewing to guide me and assist my client reach their goals of improving their overall well-being. Overall, I love to incorporate the concept of the mind, body, and soul to help clients understand themselves as a whole.
My name is Fabio Leon and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Temecula, California but I am able to work with clients statewide via telehealth. My approach to therapy varies based on the specialized needs of each client I work with. The most frequent therapeutic models I utilize include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal Psychotherapy, Mindfulness, and Motivational Interviewing to guide me and assist my client reach their goals of improving their overall well-being. Overall, I love to incorporate the concept of the mind, body, and soul to help clients understand themselves as a whole.
(747) 966-2545 View (747) 966-2545
Photo of Kelli Ezell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kelli Ezell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I'm Kelli Ezell, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I take an evidence-based approach to therapy, focusing on personalized care to help you overcome Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Body-focused Repetitive Disorder (BFRBs), and related disorders in a way that fits your values.
I'm Kelli Ezell, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I take an evidence-based approach to therapy, focusing on personalized care to help you overcome Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Body-focused Repetitive Disorder (BFRBs), and related disorders in a way that fits your values.
(747) 966-4161 View (747) 966-4161
Photo of Amanda Rios, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Amanda Rios
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Welcome, if you are feeling overwhelmed by life then you are in the right place. You do not have to continue this venture alone. My name is Amanda and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist. In my clinical practice, I draw from theories such as CBT, DBT, IFS, EMDR, Person-Centered, Psychodynamic, and Existential. Healing is not a one-size-fits-all. Together we will explore which model fits best to help alleviate feelings of anxiety, impulsivity, depression, and/or anger.
Welcome, if you are feeling overwhelmed by life then you are in the right place. You do not have to continue this venture alone. My name is Amanda and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist. In my clinical practice, I draw from theories such as CBT, DBT, IFS, EMDR, Person-Centered, Psychodynamic, and Existential. Healing is not a one-size-fits-all. Together we will explore which model fits best to help alleviate feelings of anxiety, impulsivity, depression, and/or anger.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Heidi Schlig, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Heidi Schlig
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
My name is Heidi Schlig a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) based in California. I received my Masters from Azusa Pacific University and my Bachelor's degree from CSU Channel Islands. I have over 14 years of experience working with various populations and settings. I believe that everyone has experienced something that shapes who they are today, and I'm passionate about using my own experiences to support others in achieving their goals and finding resilience. Whether you're a child, teen, or adult, I'm here to provide a safe space for you to explore your feelings, overcome obstacles, and move forward with confidence.
My name is Heidi Schlig a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) based in California. I received my Masters from Azusa Pacific University and my Bachelor's degree from CSU Channel Islands. I have over 14 years of experience working with various populations and settings. I believe that everyone has experienced something that shapes who they are today, and I'm passionate about using my own experiences to support others in achieving their goals and finding resilience. Whether you're a child, teen, or adult, I'm here to provide a safe space for you to explore your feelings, overcome obstacles, and move forward with confidence.
(747) 588-6988 View (747) 588-6988
Photo of Pablo Blunt-Canosa, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Pablo Blunt-Canosa
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, I'm Paul! I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in Fresno, California, currently providing telehealth services. I work with adults and specialize in treatment for trauma, anxiety, and depression symptoms through the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or Cognitive Processing Therapy, to aid in managing symptoms and recovery.
Hello, I'm Paul! I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in Fresno, California, currently providing telehealth services. I work with adults and specialize in treatment for trauma, anxiety, and depression symptoms through the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or Cognitive Processing Therapy, to aid in managing symptoms and recovery.
(747) 277-3302 View (747) 277-3302
Photo of Candice Woods, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Candice Woods
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, My name is Candice Woods. I am a California Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have provided individual, couples, and family therapy treatment for over 15 years. I often utilize the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach in my treatment, which explains how one’s thoughts influence their mood and behavior. In addition to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, I also utilize the following therapeutic approaches: Rational Emotive; Solution Focused; and Family Systems. I typically work with youth and adults to help them with overcoming anxiety, depression, phase of life issues, and other life challenges.
Hello, My name is Candice Woods. I am a California Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have provided individual, couples, and family therapy treatment for over 15 years. I often utilize the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy approach in my treatment, which explains how one’s thoughts influence their mood and behavior. In addition to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, I also utilize the following therapeutic approaches: Rational Emotive; Solution Focused; and Family Systems. I typically work with youth and adults to help them with overcoming anxiety, depression, phase of life issues, and other life challenges.
(747) 588-7250 View (747) 588-7250
Photo of Eva Galvan, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Eva Galvan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
My name is Eva Galván and I am a bilingual (Spanish/English) Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in San Diego and working with patients statewide. I work with adolescents and adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, grief and stress eating, interpersonal relationships, and life transitions. My approach varies based on the needs of each client. I like to meet the clients where they are, validate their concerns and feedback, and address their symptoms and issues through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal Therapy, and Solution Focus Therapy while using a Feedback Informed Care model.
My name is Eva Galván and I am a bilingual (Spanish/English) Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in San Diego and working with patients statewide. I work with adolescents and adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, grief and stress eating, interpersonal relationships, and life transitions. My approach varies based on the needs of each client. I like to meet the clients where they are, validate their concerns and feedback, and address their symptoms and issues through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal Therapy, and Solution Focus Therapy while using a Feedback Informed Care model.
(747) 277-3357 View (747) 277-3357
Photo of Sharon Robinson, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Sharon Robinson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
My Name is Dr. Sharon Robinson; I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California, Colorado, and Texas. I have worked in a Christian Counseling Clinic in Southern California, providing mental health services in English and Spanish to culturally diverse populations. In this role, I have provided individual, couples, children, family, and group therapy to culturally diverse populations. My work experience includes working with children, adolescents, pre-marital couples, married couples, families, re-married families, affairs, grief, anxiety, depression, divorce adjustment, anger management, and conducting group therapy.
My Name is Dr. Sharon Robinson; I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California, Colorado, and Texas. I have worked in a Christian Counseling Clinic in Southern California, providing mental health services in English and Spanish to culturally diverse populations. In this role, I have provided individual, couples, children, family, and group therapy to culturally diverse populations. My work experience includes working with children, adolescents, pre-marital couples, married couples, families, re-married families, affairs, grief, anxiety, depression, divorce adjustment, anger management, and conducting group therapy.
(747) 746-4126 View (747) 746-4126
Photo of Brenda Wicks, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Brenda Wicks
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello! My name is Brenda Wicks, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with 22.5 years of experience working out of the Los Angeles and Orange County CA areas. I have extensive experience providing mental health services to all age ranges and all mental health illnesses/conditions in numerous professional settings, including the private sector and telehealth statewide. My approach to therapy is meeting the client where they’re at and going at the pace they’re comfortable with sharing and exploring symptoms and areas of impairments affecting their daily life/functioning.
Hello! My name is Brenda Wicks, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with 22.5 years of experience working out of the Los Angeles and Orange County CA areas. I have extensive experience providing mental health services to all age ranges and all mental health illnesses/conditions in numerous professional settings, including the private sector and telehealth statewide. My approach to therapy is meeting the client where they’re at and going at the pace they’re comfortable with sharing and exploring symptoms and areas of impairments affecting their daily life/functioning.
(747) 339-4582 View (747) 339-4582
Photo of Ariel Mendelson, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Ariel Mendelson
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi! I'm Ariel Mendelson, a mama, wife & licensed professional clinical counselor. I practice from a humanistic, client-centered lens, prioritizing empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuine understanding to support clients in their personal growth. By fostering a non-judgmental and collaborative environment, I help clients explore their own potential, navigate challenges, and develop a deeper sense of self-awareness and empowerment. I work with a diverse range of clients, including teens, tweens, parents, and young adults, providing tailored support through various life stages and challenges.
Hi! I'm Ariel Mendelson, a mama, wife & licensed professional clinical counselor. I practice from a humanistic, client-centered lens, prioritizing empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuine understanding to support clients in their personal growth. By fostering a non-judgmental and collaborative environment, I help clients explore their own potential, navigate challenges, and develop a deeper sense of self-awareness and empowerment. I work with a diverse range of clients, including teens, tweens, parents, and young adults, providing tailored support through various life stages and challenges.
(747) 946-7852 View (747) 946-7852
Photo of Toyin Thompson, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Toyin Thompson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Greetings. My name is Toyin Thompson, and I am a dedicated psychotherapist and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have extensive behavioral health experience helping people overcome a variety of conditions and life issues. My mission is to help people bring about meaningful life change using straightforward and effective techniques.
Greetings. My name is Toyin Thompson, and I am a dedicated psychotherapist and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have extensive behavioral health experience helping people overcome a variety of conditions and life issues. My mission is to help people bring about meaningful life change using straightforward and effective techniques.
(747) 977-9523 View (747) 977-9523
Photo of Valerie Ayala, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Valerie Ayala
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
My name is Valerie Ayala and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), living in San Diego, California. I currently work with both adolescents and adults, but my professional experience spans individuals of all ages. My practice is integrative in orientation and culturally informed, tailored to meet the distinct needs of each person. I draw from a variety of techniques to provide the most effective support.
My name is Valerie Ayala and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), living in San Diego, California. I currently work with both adolescents and adults, but my professional experience spans individuals of all ages. My practice is integrative in orientation and culturally informed, tailored to meet the distinct needs of each person. I draw from a variety of techniques to provide the most effective support.
(747) 302-3681 View (747) 302-3681
Photo of Vivian Nnana, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Vivian Nnana
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Vivian Nnana, LCSW; I am a licensed Clinical Therapist who enjoys working with children, youth, and adults. My clinical work has included positive body image support, anxiety, depression, anger management, and crisis intervention.
Vivian Nnana, LCSW; I am a licensed Clinical Therapist who enjoys working with children, youth, and adults. My clinical work has included positive body image support, anxiety, depression, anger management, and crisis intervention.
(747) 269-1786 View (747) 269-1786
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See more therapy options for Sylmar

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sylmar, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Sylmar, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
70% Stress
65% Other
59% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

99% Aetna
99% Cigna and Evernorth
99% Optum

How Therapists in Sylmar, CA see their clients

98% Online Only
2% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sylmar?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.