Therapists in West University Heights, San Diego, CA

Photo of Callie Reece, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Callie Reece
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Hi, I'm Callie Reece, LMFT. I have 10 years in the mental health field working with trauma, substance use, depression, anxiety, and psychosis. I have worked in private practice, intensive outpatient programs, assertive community treatment, and residential treatment. I specialize in trauma-related disorders.
Hi, I'm Callie Reece, LMFT. I have 10 years in the mental health field working with trauma, substance use, depression, anxiety, and psychosis. I have worked in private practice, intensive outpatient programs, assertive community treatment, and residential treatment. I specialize in trauma-related disorders.
(747) 294-2510 View (747) 294-2510
Photo of Sheilah Cameron - New Life Counseling Center, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
New Life Counseling Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
New Life Counseling Center is a progressive and inclusive Christian counseling center in Mission Valley offering individual, couples, family and premarital counseling. Our therapists consist of both licensed Psychologists and Marriage & Family Therapists in addition to qualified Marriage & Family Therapist interns. Some of our therapists also have degrees from seminaries and some are ordained pastors. In addition to Christian counseling, we also see clients who have no religious or spiritual affiliation. We try and make NLCC a resource where anyone can seek support and find solutions to the issues they want addressed in a safe, comfortable and warm environment.
New Life Counseling Center is a progressive and inclusive Christian counseling center in Mission Valley offering individual, couples, family and premarital counseling. Our therapists consist of both licensed Psychologists and Marriage & Family Therapists in addition to qualified Marriage & Family Therapist interns. Some of our therapists also have degrees from seminaries and some are ordained pastors. In addition to Christian counseling, we also see clients who have no religious or spiritual affiliation. We try and make NLCC a resource where anyone can seek support and find solutions to the issues they want addressed in a safe, comfortable and warm environment.
(619) 432-6720 View (619) 432-6720
Photo of Nasheili González Reihling, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PPS, MA
Nasheili González Reihling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PPS, MA
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Hello, I’m Nasheili, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I specialize in providing culturally affirming therapy to individuals from mixed, international, and immigrant families. My work is centered around helping people navigate the complexities of relationship issues, anxiety, depression, stress, grief, self-esteem challenges, and trauma. I also have vast experience and love working with children and supporting families whose child or teen is struggling at school or/and home due to trauma, emotional regulation, grief, anxiety, low self-esteem, ADHD, autism, or LGBTQ + identity concerns.
Hello, I’m Nasheili, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I specialize in providing culturally affirming therapy to individuals from mixed, international, and immigrant families. My work is centered around helping people navigate the complexities of relationship issues, anxiety, depression, stress, grief, self-esteem challenges, and trauma. I also have vast experience and love working with children and supporting families whose child or teen is struggling at school or/and home due to trauma, emotional regulation, grief, anxiety, low self-esteem, ADHD, autism, or LGBTQ + identity concerns.
(619) 923-0409 View (619) 923-0409
Photo of Mystiika Jae Carter, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Mystiika Jae Carter
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
You’re drawn to therapy not because you’re in crisis, but because something in you is shifting. You feel the weight of old patterns, old stories, or inherited wounds you’re finally ready to meet. Maybe you can sense a version of yourself trying to emerge, or you’re longing for a space where you don’t have to fragment who you are. You want a therapist who can sit with depth, intuition, ancestry, identity, and the quiet parts of your inner world without rushing or shrinking it.
You’re drawn to therapy not because you’re in crisis, but because something in you is shifting. You feel the weight of old patterns, old stories, or inherited wounds you’re finally ready to meet. Maybe you can sense a version of yourself trying to emerge, or you’re longing for a space where you don’t have to fragment who you are. You want a therapist who can sit with depth, intuition, ancestry, identity, and the quiet parts of your inner world without rushing or shrinking it.
(619) 514-2519 View (619) 514-2519
Photo of Roselyn Romano, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Roselyn Romano
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
I help those who desire quiet from the noise of constant thinking, self-doubt, and worry. Those who are sick of feeling not good enough no matter how hard they try. Those who feel powerless against compulsive urges they can’t seem to resist. And those who want to let go of the mental chatter of a mind incessantly playing out worst case scenarios.
I help those who desire quiet from the noise of constant thinking, self-doubt, and worry. Those who are sick of feeling not good enough no matter how hard they try. Those who feel powerless against compulsive urges they can’t seem to resist. And those who want to let go of the mental chatter of a mind incessantly playing out worst case scenarios.
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Photo of Dr. Mark Gregory Karris, Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MDiv, LMFT
Dr. Mark Gregory Karris
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MDiv, LMFT
2 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Hello! I'm Dr. Mark Gregory Karris. Based in California, I am the author of the transformative relationship book, Beyond Fairy Tales: A Couple's Guide to Finding Clarity, Doing the Work, and Building a Lasting Relationship. I specialize in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Transformative Couples Therapy (TCT), & trauma-informed, innovative techniques to help couples and individuals strengthen connections and overcome relationship challenges. With my background as a university professor, researcher, author, and workshop leader, I bring a wealth of experience to my practice. Sliding scale options may be available. Reach out today.
Hello! I'm Dr. Mark Gregory Karris. Based in California, I am the author of the transformative relationship book, Beyond Fairy Tales: A Couple's Guide to Finding Clarity, Doing the Work, and Building a Lasting Relationship. I specialize in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Transformative Couples Therapy (TCT), & trauma-informed, innovative techniques to help couples and individuals strengthen connections and overcome relationship challenges. With my background as a university professor, researcher, author, and workshop leader, I bring a wealth of experience to my practice. Sliding scale options may be available. Reach out today.
(619) 492-3775 View (619) 492-3775
Photo of Sean Brannan, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CHT
Sean Brannan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CHT
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Sean Brannan is a certified Cognitive Behavioral Hypnotherapist (CHt), & Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist (LMFT#106207), specializing in hypnotherapy and relationship counseling. He works with men, women, couples, young adults and children. His work helps facilitate powerful life changes focused on the creation of a more meaningful, fulfilling life. "Our life's experiences are determined by a continual interaction of our mind, bodies, spirit, emotions, and relationships. Awareness and acceptance of these aspects of who we are is the key to creating an amazing life's journey".
Sean Brannan is a certified Cognitive Behavioral Hypnotherapist (CHt), & Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist (LMFT#106207), specializing in hypnotherapy and relationship counseling. He works with men, women, couples, young adults and children. His work helps facilitate powerful life changes focused on the creation of a more meaningful, fulfilling life. "Our life's experiences are determined by a continual interaction of our mind, bodies, spirit, emotions, and relationships. Awareness and acceptance of these aspects of who we are is the key to creating an amazing life's journey".
(619) 717-8591 View (619) 717-8591
Photo of Dr. Montse Chavarria, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PsyD
Dr. Montse Chavarria
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PsyD
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92116
As a human being, I recognize that taking the first step to seek therapy can be a scary yet courageous decision. I aim to provide a comfortable, and welcoming environment for individuals, couples and families by utilizing a client-centered, trauma-informed, and an attachment-based lens. I personally value my role in allowing clients to feel safe and secure to explore, express and develop different ways to find their journey to healing and find their inner strength.
As a human being, I recognize that taking the first step to seek therapy can be a scary yet courageous decision. I aim to provide a comfortable, and welcoming environment for individuals, couples and families by utilizing a client-centered, trauma-informed, and an attachment-based lens. I personally value my role in allowing clients to feel safe and secure to explore, express and develop different ways to find their journey to healing and find their inner strength.
(619) 658-5126 View (619) 658-5126
Photo of Stephanie Wallace, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Stephanie Wallace
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist. I have a strong interest in helping people navigate relationship issues, life transitions, and the impacts of trauma. I have extensive experience working with survivors of childhood abuse and neglect, domestic violence, PTSD, grief, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, military, and LGBTQ+. I have lived experience with recovering from childhood abuse, complex trauma, grief, addiction, economic hardship, and relationship issues.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist. I have a strong interest in helping people navigate relationship issues, life transitions, and the impacts of trauma. I have extensive experience working with survivors of childhood abuse and neglect, domestic violence, PTSD, grief, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, military, and LGBTQ+. I have lived experience with recovering from childhood abuse, complex trauma, grief, addiction, economic hardship, and relationship issues.
(213) 559-1560 View (213) 559-1560
Photo of Katherine Madsen, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Katherine Madsen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92116
Hi! Nice to meet you, I'm Katherine! I help teens and adults who feel weighed down by the past and are ready to feel more in control of their lives. Many of my clients come to therapy feeling anxious, stuck, or disconnected after difficult or traumatic experiences. You might notice that certain memories, emotions, or body sensations feel too big to handle on your own — or that no matter how hard you try, something keeps pulling you back to old pain.
Hi! Nice to meet you, I'm Katherine! I help teens and adults who feel weighed down by the past and are ready to feel more in control of their lives. Many of my clients come to therapy feeling anxious, stuck, or disconnected after difficult or traumatic experiences. You might notice that certain memories, emotions, or body sensations feel too big to handle on your own — or that no matter how hard you try, something keeps pulling you back to old pain.
(442) 379-0774 View (442) 379-0774
Photo of Starr MacKinnon - Stepping Stones Life Transition Support, Psychologist
Stepping Stones Life Transition Support
Psychologist
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Life inevitably brings challenges and change. Stepping Stones Life Transition Support specializes in helping people successfully navigate these transitions to create meaningful and balanced lives. We are trained clinicians with over 20 years of experience in supporting individuals to move through challenges with confidence and ease. We specialize in life transitions, recovery from addiction, anxiety and depression, relationship issues, grief, and self-actualization. Grounded in evidence-based techniques we offer a unique values-based approach that is specifically tailored for each individual seeking change.
Life inevitably brings challenges and change. Stepping Stones Life Transition Support specializes in helping people successfully navigate these transitions to create meaningful and balanced lives. We are trained clinicians with over 20 years of experience in supporting individuals to move through challenges with confidence and ease. We specialize in life transitions, recovery from addiction, anxiety and depression, relationship issues, grief, and self-actualization. Grounded in evidence-based techniques we offer a unique values-based approach that is specifically tailored for each individual seeking change.
(619) 658-4153 View (619) 658-4153
Photo of Lisa Card Strong, Psychologist, PhD
Lisa Card Strong
Psychologist, PhD
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Choosing to participate in therapy requires significant courage. It takes guts to ponder the question of whether and when it’s the right time to explore, understand, and create solutions. When you can embrace this courage, you feel relieved and inspired to live a more fulfilling life consistent with your values. Awareness of and understanding your behavioral patterns inspires you to transform your life. It is never too late to transform and grow. Change exists as a constant in our lives, and I embrace the opportunity to assist others in navigating through challenges, finding meaning, and improving life satisfaction.
Choosing to participate in therapy requires significant courage. It takes guts to ponder the question of whether and when it’s the right time to explore, understand, and create solutions. When you can embrace this courage, you feel relieved and inspired to live a more fulfilling life consistent with your values. Awareness of and understanding your behavioral patterns inspires you to transform your life. It is never too late to transform and grow. Change exists as a constant in our lives, and I embrace the opportunity to assist others in navigating through challenges, finding meaning, and improving life satisfaction.
(619) 536-1425 View (619) 536-1425
Photo of Jonei Chapple-Sewell, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Jonei Chapple-Sewell
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
4 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
My clinical background is in diverse communities such as BIPOC, high acuity adolescence, at-promise youth, sex-trafficked youth, military families, LGBTQIA, and low/high income families. I specialize in working with individuals, couples, and families who have experienced complex trauma, depression, anxiety, guilt, shame, low self-esteem, and identity challenges.
My clinical background is in diverse communities such as BIPOC, high acuity adolescence, at-promise youth, sex-trafficked youth, military families, LGBTQIA, and low/high income families. I specialize in working with individuals, couples, and families who have experienced complex trauma, depression, anxiety, guilt, shame, low self-esteem, and identity challenges.
(858) 465-5662 View (858) 465-5662
Photo of Dr. Janeth M Guzman, Marriage & Family Therapist, DMFT, LMFT
Dr. Janeth M Guzman
Marriage & Family Therapist, DMFT, LMFT
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
I believe that healing happens when we pay attention to all the parts that make us whole—our mind, body, and soul. My theoretical orientation is influenced by Family Systems, Attachment Theory, Emotionally-Focused, Humanistic-Experiential, and Narrative approaches to treatment. This means that we will be going on an emotional journey together in which I will use an eclectic combination of clinical theories and techniques to help guide my work. I believe that the lack of emotional awareness and avoiding uncomfortable emotions can cause harm to our mind, body, and soul. My hope is to help you get to know yourself better.
I believe that healing happens when we pay attention to all the parts that make us whole—our mind, body, and soul. My theoretical orientation is influenced by Family Systems, Attachment Theory, Emotionally-Focused, Humanistic-Experiential, and Narrative approaches to treatment. This means that we will be going on an emotional journey together in which I will use an eclectic combination of clinical theories and techniques to help guide my work. I believe that the lack of emotional awareness and avoiding uncomfortable emotions can cause harm to our mind, body, and soul. My hope is to help you get to know yourself better.
(619) 404-4477 View (619) 404-4477
Photo of Gregory E. Koch, Psychologist, PsyD
Gregory E. Koch
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
My goal is for you to feel seen, heard, and valued. Believing deeply in the power of positive human connection, we can learn the most about ourselves in the context of meaningful relationships. Conflict in romantic relationships is an opportunity for profound and powerful growth, learning, and healing. I welcome clients of all genders, sexualities, and relationship diversity. Using Imago Relationship Therapy, couples learn invaluable tools and techniques to enhance closeness in relationships and teach partners how to resolve conflicts while maintaining a deep sense of connection.
My goal is for you to feel seen, heard, and valued. Believing deeply in the power of positive human connection, we can learn the most about ourselves in the context of meaningful relationships. Conflict in romantic relationships is an opportunity for profound and powerful growth, learning, and healing. I welcome clients of all genders, sexualities, and relationship diversity. Using Imago Relationship Therapy, couples learn invaluable tools and techniques to enhance closeness in relationships and teach partners how to resolve conflicts while maintaining a deep sense of connection.
(858) 428-2962 View (858) 428-2962
Photo of Michael Toohey, Psychologist, PsyD
Michael Toohey
Psychologist, PsyD
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
I recognize that coming to therapy is a courageous first step and that you are taking a chance when you make that first appointment, especially when you are struggling. I consider it an honor to be entrusted by one seeking help. I demonstrate that honor by being committed to providing you with practical feedback in an empathetic and compassionate manner. With cognitive behavioral strategies, I provide techniques to manage and reduce negative symptoms by tailoring treatment to each individual’s needs.
I recognize that coming to therapy is a courageous first step and that you are taking a chance when you make that first appointment, especially when you are struggling. I consider it an honor to be entrusted by one seeking help. I demonstrate that honor by being committed to providing you with practical feedback in an empathetic and compassionate manner. With cognitive behavioral strategies, I provide techniques to manage and reduce negative symptoms by tailoring treatment to each individual’s needs.
(619) 853-6745 View (619) 853-6745
Photo of Mariela Shibley - Shibley Psychology, Psychologist, PsyD
Shibley Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Shibley Psychology is a private practice where we provide individual, couples, and group psychotherapy. We also specialize in conducting psychological evaluations for immigration cases (such as extreme hardship, VAWA, U-Visas, asylum, competency, etc.) and forensic evaluations for State and Federal Court.
Shibley Psychology is a private practice where we provide individual, couples, and group psychotherapy. We also specialize in conducting psychological evaluations for immigration cases (such as extreme hardship, VAWA, U-Visas, asylum, competency, etc.) and forensic evaluations for State and Federal Court.
(619) 598-1626 View (619) 598-1626
Photo of Carissa Pilkington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, ASW
Carissa Pilkington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, ASW
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed out or sad to the point that you can't live the life you want? Do you want to feel better & have a life worth living? Personal Evolution Psychotherapy (PEP) is a team of therapists that use Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to overcome social anxiety, depression, communication & relationship issues, family conflict, panic, excessive worry & depression. We provide much more than traditional talk therapy & help you get results to help control your emotions & your life. By doing this we can help more quickly.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed out or sad to the point that you can't live the life you want? Do you want to feel better & have a life worth living? Personal Evolution Psychotherapy (PEP) is a team of therapists that use Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to overcome social anxiety, depression, communication & relationship issues, family conflict, panic, excessive worry & depression. We provide much more than traditional talk therapy & help you get results to help control your emotions & your life. By doing this we can help more quickly.
(619) 566-3001 View (619) 566-3001
Photo of Christina Huang, Psychologist, PhD
Christina Huang
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Life is hard. Sometimes, life can seem unbearable, especially when difficult events like trauma, loss, or relationship conflicts happen and lead to depression and anxiety. During difficult times, you may believe that you have no choice but to suffer in secret, especially with the continuing stigma of mental health issues. However, I want you to know that you don't have to suffer on your own. Seeking therapy can be a daunting and scary process, and finding the right psychologist for you can be difficult and confusing.
Life is hard. Sometimes, life can seem unbearable, especially when difficult events like trauma, loss, or relationship conflicts happen and lead to depression and anxiety. During difficult times, you may believe that you have no choice but to suffer in secret, especially with the continuing stigma of mental health issues. However, I want you to know that you don't have to suffer on your own. Seeking therapy can be a daunting and scary process, and finding the right psychologist for you can be difficult and confusing.
(858) 251-0915 View (858) 251-0915
Photo of Starr MacKinnon, Psychologist, PhD
Starr MacKinnon
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
West University Heights, San Diego, CA 92108
Do you have difficulty keeping up with the demands of life? Do you feel disconnected or down? Does it seem like your mind is often running away with worry? Are you going through a change and could use some guidance? You're not alone and I'd like to help! You and I both know that over time, life can get away from us. I can help you find new ways of living and being that reduce stress and struggle, while enhancing meaning, purpose, and enjoyment of life.
Do you have difficulty keeping up with the demands of life? Do you feel disconnected or down? Does it seem like your mind is often running away with worry? Are you going through a change and could use some guidance? You're not alone and I'd like to help! You and I both know that over time, life can get away from us. I can help you find new ways of living and being that reduce stress and struggle, while enhancing meaning, purpose, and enjoyment of life.
(619) 916-4128 View (619) 916-4128

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in West University Heights, San Diego, CA

90+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in West University Heights, San Diego, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
79% Trauma and PTSD
78% Self Esteem
64% Grief
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% Aetna
82% Cigna and Evernorth
58% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in West University Heights, San Diego, CA see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in West University Heights, San Diego?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.