Therapists in Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA

Photo of Dan Douglas, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Dan Douglas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
Negative habits can hinder personal progress and stand in the way of your aspirations. I possess extensive experience assisting men navigating challenges related to addictions, including but not limited to, addressing unwanted sexual behaviors, alcohol consumption, illicit substance use, fixation on performance, workaholism, co-dependency dynamics, struggles with assertiveness, as well as issues surrounding identity and self-worth. Additionally, I am deeply committed to offering couples a supportive environment where they can mend and cultivate healthier, more fulfilling relationships.
Negative habits can hinder personal progress and stand in the way of your aspirations. I possess extensive experience assisting men navigating challenges related to addictions, including but not limited to, addressing unwanted sexual behaviors, alcohol consumption, illicit substance use, fixation on performance, workaholism, co-dependency dynamics, struggles with assertiveness, as well as issues surrounding identity and self-worth. Additionally, I am deeply committed to offering couples a supportive environment where they can mend and cultivate healthier, more fulfilling relationships.
(916) 439-8373 View (916) 439-8373
Photo of Cynthia Schlie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Cynthia Schlie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
Works with: seniors, adults, couples, and teens. Treats bipolar, anxiety and self esteem, OCD, PTSD, anger management and life transitions.
Works with: seniors, adults, couples, and teens. Treats bipolar, anxiety and self esteem, OCD, PTSD, anger management and life transitions.
(916) 542-6293 View (916) 542-6293
Photo of Sarah Tobin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Sarah Tobin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
Her work with clients facing mental health barriers, relational issues, and life transitions is grounded in empathy, helping them manage symptoms and find stability. Whether it’s managing mental health symptoms or coping with life transitions, she strives to foster resilience and personal growth in each session. Sarah uses evidence-based interventions, including Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), to support her clients in making meaningful progress.Her work with clients facing mental health barriers, relational issues, and life transitions
Her work with clients facing mental health barriers, relational issues, and life transitions is grounded in empathy, helping them manage symptoms and find stability. Whether it’s managing mental health symptoms or coping with life transitions, she strives to foster resilience and personal growth in each session. Sarah uses evidence-based interventions, including Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), to support her clients in making meaningful progress.Her work with clients facing mental health barriers, relational issues, and life transitions
(916) 957-3555 View (916) 957-3555
Photo of Lynette Mercado Bartucci, Licensed Professional Counselor, CRC, LPCC
Lynette Mercado Bartucci
Licensed Professional Counselor, CRC, LPCC
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
Lynette Mercado Bartucci, LPCC, PC, is dedicated to helping individuals across California navigate life’s challenges with compassion and clinical expertise. She provides a safe and supportive space for adolescents, adults, and seniors to explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Whether addressing anxiety, depression, or relationship issues, Lynette empowers her clients with practical tools to foster resilience, emotional well-being, and personal growth. Lynette has a particular passion for supporting individuals dealing with trauma, grief, and life transitions.
Lynette Mercado Bartucci, LPCC, PC, is dedicated to helping individuals across California navigate life’s challenges with compassion and clinical expertise. She provides a safe and supportive space for adolescents, adults, and seniors to explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Whether addressing anxiety, depression, or relationship issues, Lynette empowers her clients with practical tools to foster resilience, emotional well-being, and personal growth. Lynette has a particular passion for supporting individuals dealing with trauma, grief, and life transitions.
(916) 545-9572 View (916) 545-9572
Dr. Paul Van Zeumeren
Psychologist, PsyD, LMFT
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
As an Adlerian oriented, psychodynamic therapist, he would say that he is a big believer in psychoeducation and has a good sense of humor. Dr. Paul is also compassionate and believes that good mental health is an action-oriented undertaking. He likes to focus on identifying your strengths and helping you to maximize them to overcome your obstacles. Having recently moved from Southern California to Northern California, Dr. Paul has adjusted some of his hobbies and interests. He grew up in a surfing-oriented community and that was a lifelong passion that he thought he could transition to his new place of residence.As an Adlerian orien
As an Adlerian oriented, psychodynamic therapist, he would say that he is a big believer in psychoeducation and has a good sense of humor. Dr. Paul is also compassionate and believes that good mental health is an action-oriented undertaking. He likes to focus on identifying your strengths and helping you to maximize them to overcome your obstacles. Having recently moved from Southern California to Northern California, Dr. Paul has adjusted some of his hobbies and interests. He grew up in a surfing-oriented community and that was a lifelong passion that he thought he could transition to his new place of residence.As an Adlerian orien
(916) 884-6277 View (916) 884-6277
Photo of Daneicia Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Daneicia Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
I have 10 years' experience in the direct social service sector with an emphasis on geriatric services and adults with intellectual disabilities. These skills have assisted me in transitioning to become a clinician for the last few years. I have the privilege of helping people achieve a better quality of life by focusing on the strengths and contributions of all those we serve; from families to caregivers to community members. I am a firm believer that everyone should be treated with dignity and respect regardless of their background or situation.
I have 10 years' experience in the direct social service sector with an emphasis on geriatric services and adults with intellectual disabilities. These skills have assisted me in transitioning to become a clinician for the last few years. I have the privilege of helping people achieve a better quality of life by focusing on the strengths and contributions of all those we serve; from families to caregivers to community members. I am a firm believer that everyone should be treated with dignity and respect regardless of their background or situation.
(916) 963-9453 View (916) 963-9453
Photo of Enid Wilson, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Enid Wilson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
5 Endorsed
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
I am passionate about helping clients reconnect with themselves and move forward from trauma or hurtful relationships with a sense of strength, self-confidence, and healthy coping skills. I work with individuals (ages 10+) and couples who are healing from a harmful event or relationship, struggling with a sense of self and satisfaction, or want to gain insight into themselves and their relationships. Together we can work toward more self-awareness, satisfaction, and stronger communication skills while decreasing the negative effects of stress and conflict.
I am passionate about helping clients reconnect with themselves and move forward from trauma or hurtful relationships with a sense of strength, self-confidence, and healthy coping skills. I work with individuals (ages 10+) and couples who are healing from a harmful event or relationship, struggling with a sense of self and satisfaction, or want to gain insight into themselves and their relationships. Together we can work toward more self-awareness, satisfaction, and stronger communication skills while decreasing the negative effects of stress and conflict.
(916) 892-0329 View (916) 892-0329
Photo of Kristina Boswell, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Kristina Boswell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
Kristina Boswell, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist at LifeStance Health, provides compassionate and evidence-based care to adults in California. Specializing in ADHD, anxiety, and women s issues, Kristina tailors her approach to meet the individual needs of each client. She is dedicated to helping patients navigate challenges related to reproductive health, post-partum depression and anxiety, and trauma, using interventions like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT , EMDR, and mindfulness techniques to foster healing and resilience.
Kristina Boswell, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist at LifeStance Health, provides compassionate and evidence-based care to adults in California. Specializing in ADHD, anxiety, and women s issues, Kristina tailors her approach to meet the individual needs of each client. She is dedicated to helping patients navigate challenges related to reproductive health, post-partum depression and anxiety, and trauma, using interventions like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT , EMDR, and mindfulness techniques to foster healing and resilience.
(916) 313-2861 View (916) 313-2861
Photo of Jennifer Lee Flood, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Jennifer Lee Flood
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
1 Endorsed
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
An ideal client would be someone who is empathetic toward others and compassionate toward themselves and is open, coachable, and capable of accepting feedback. The process of therapy takes time and energy so having someone start the process of therapy with an open mind and a willingness to put in the work to see the process through is also helpful. Jennifer also offers clinical supervision to pre-licensed therapists (ASW, AMFT, APCC). In addition to therapy and supervision, she provides consulting to therapists seeking to start or grow their private practice. She's also passionate in counseling other mental health providers.
An ideal client would be someone who is empathetic toward others and compassionate toward themselves and is open, coachable, and capable of accepting feedback. The process of therapy takes time and energy so having someone start the process of therapy with an open mind and a willingness to put in the work to see the process through is also helpful. Jennifer also offers clinical supervision to pre-licensed therapists (ASW, AMFT, APCC). In addition to therapy and supervision, she provides consulting to therapists seeking to start or grow their private practice. She's also passionate in counseling other mental health providers.
(925) 204-3709 View (925) 204-3709
Photo of Peter Michael Gaffney, MD
Peter Michael Gaffney
Verified Verified
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
Hi everyone. I'm an analytically-trained psychiatrist with a background in family medical practice and also in Buddhism. At this point my practice is adult psychotherapy and I am no longer treating patients who need medication, nor do I treat children. Although I'm trained in psychoanalytic therapy, my approach varies according to individual needs. I see depressed or anxious patients , those struggling with losses, stress, life events, or in their relationships and other issues as well. I have a particular interest in those with severe depression. I also offer individual training in psychodynamics to adult therapists.
Hi everyone. I'm an analytically-trained psychiatrist with a background in family medical practice and also in Buddhism. At this point my practice is adult psychotherapy and I am no longer treating patients who need medication, nor do I treat children. Although I'm trained in psychoanalytic therapy, my approach varies according to individual needs. I see depressed or anxious patients , those struggling with losses, stress, life events, or in their relationships and other issues as well. I have a particular interest in those with severe depression. I also offer individual training in psychodynamics to adult therapists.
(916) 553-2864 View (916) 553-2864
Photo of Giana Azizeh, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Giana Azizeh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
5 Endorsed
Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA 95825
Hi there! It's essential to experience a warm, nurturing, personalized space to help you reconnect with yourself and in your relationships. I’m passionate about helping individuals and couples overcome challenges surrounding intimacy, infidelity, communication, and connection. I promote my client’s individual growth and relationship health by incorporating Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Inner-Child Work, and Strength-Based approaches.
Hi there! It's essential to experience a warm, nurturing, personalized space to help you reconnect with yourself and in your relationships. I’m passionate about helping individuals and couples overcome challenges surrounding intimacy, infidelity, communication, and connection. I promote my client’s individual growth and relationship health by incorporating Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Inner-Child Work, and Strength-Based approaches.
(916) 252-5439 View (916) 252-5439
Photo of Randolph Alba Farase, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Randolph Alba Farase
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Online Only
Life can feel overwhelming when unhealthy patterns begin to take hold. Whether you're battling the pull of porn addiction, social media addiction, struggling with alcohol or substance abuse, or feeling stuck in painful relationship dynamics, you're not alone and change is possible. I specialize working with individuals navigating through alcohol and substance dependency, compulsive pornography, internet, and social media use, and the emotional toll these take on self-esteem and relationships. I also help those feeling lost or frustrated in their dating lives, facing repeated relationship patterns, or seeking meaningful connections.
Life can feel overwhelming when unhealthy patterns begin to take hold. Whether you're battling the pull of porn addiction, social media addiction, struggling with alcohol or substance abuse, or feeling stuck in painful relationship dynamics, you're not alone and change is possible. I specialize working with individuals navigating through alcohol and substance dependency, compulsive pornography, internet, and social media use, and the emotional toll these take on self-esteem and relationships. I also help those feeling lost or frustrated in their dating lives, facing repeated relationship patterns, or seeking meaningful connections.
(916) 404-1250 View (916) 404-1250

Online Therapists

Photo of Camille Martin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Camille Martin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95818
I use an eclectic style that I have formed over many years of working with adults and children experiencing health traumas and family transitions through foster care, etc. I often start with crisis intervention and prioritize starting where the client is. I provide feedback and suggestions and motivational interviewing. I also have experience working with harm reduction models for substance abuse intervention. I often use Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) to help clients with self-esteem, shame, and PTSD symptoms.
I use an eclectic style that I have formed over many years of working with adults and children experiencing health traumas and family transitions through foster care, etc. I often start with crisis intervention and prioritize starting where the client is. I provide feedback and suggestions and motivational interviewing. I also have experience working with harm reduction models for substance abuse intervention. I often use Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) to help clients with self-esteem, shame, and PTSD symptoms.
(510) 662-6203 View (510) 662-6203
Photo of Jill Jeffers Clark, Psychologist, PhD, MA
Jill Jeffers Clark
Psychologist, PhD, MA
Sacramento, CA 95815
My passion is working with couples to help them have a more meaningful connection with each other. I also help adults overcome obstacles such as relationship issues, anxiety, negative thoughts, trauma, etc. in order to reach their goals. I have over 25 years of experience treating children, teens and helping parents use evidence-based strategies that work.
My passion is working with couples to help them have a more meaningful connection with each other. I also help adults overcome obstacles such as relationship issues, anxiety, negative thoughts, trauma, etc. in order to reach their goals. I have over 25 years of experience treating children, teens and helping parents use evidence-based strategies that work.
(916) 943-4214 View (916) 943-4214
Photo of Stella L. Delgadillo, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Stella L. Delgadillo
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
Whether you are single, married, divorced, contemplating marriage/divorce, experiencing parenting challenges, or considering a career change, I welcome the opportunity to work with you. My goal is to help you identify your strengths and embrace life's challenges as opportunities for growth. I believe in therapy that works by providing clients with information and tools that are unique to their circumstances and needs. I have extensive experience working with clients from a variety of cultural backgrounds and welcome the opportunity to work with Spanish speaking clients.
Whether you are single, married, divorced, contemplating marriage/divorce, experiencing parenting challenges, or considering a career change, I welcome the opportunity to work with you. My goal is to help you identify your strengths and embrace life's challenges as opportunities for growth. I believe in therapy that works by providing clients with information and tools that are unique to their circumstances and needs. I have extensive experience working with clients from a variety of cultural backgrounds and welcome the opportunity to work with Spanish speaking clients.
(916) 527-8943 View (916) 527-8943
Photo of Fatin Alhadi, Psychologist, PsyD, CCTP
Fatin Alhadi
Psychologist, PsyD, CCTP
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95814
Our experiences can lead us to struggle with difficult feelings interfering with how we want to live our lives. We can have difficulty in relationships, feel unsure about who we are or what we want, or feel stuck and find it difficult to move forward. People typically seek out therapy to live a happier, more fulfilled life, or feel better in the relationships they have with others. Therapy can help you develop a better understanding of yourself, understand why you feel how you feel, learn how to cope with difficult or overwhelming feelings, and how to move forward.
Our experiences can lead us to struggle with difficult feelings interfering with how we want to live our lives. We can have difficulty in relationships, feel unsure about who we are or what we want, or feel stuck and find it difficult to move forward. People typically seek out therapy to live a happier, more fulfilled life, or feel better in the relationships they have with others. Therapy can help you develop a better understanding of yourself, understand why you feel how you feel, learn how to cope with difficult or overwhelming feelings, and how to move forward.
(916) 469-0182 View (916) 469-0182
Photo of Chrissy Cate - Chrissy Cate LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Chrissy Cate LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Sacramento, CA 95819
Are you not connecting with your loved ones like you used to? Feeling stuck in Life and need to change something? Not just talk, I provide tools to better manage the challenges you face. As an experienced psychotherapist and mindfulness practitioner, I can assist you to get the tools you need to feel better and not just survive...but Thrive.
Are you not connecting with your loved ones like you used to? Feeling stuck in Life and need to change something? Not just talk, I provide tools to better manage the challenges you face. As an experienced psychotherapist and mindfulness practitioner, I can assist you to get the tools you need to feel better and not just survive...but Thrive.
(916) 621-5724 View (916) 621-5724
Photo of Questella C. Alfred, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Questella C. Alfred
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sacramento, CA 95816
I/My practice is grounded in the belief that we all have a deep desire and fundamental need to connect—with ourselves and with others. My practice melds my lived experience as a southern-raised, first-gen West Indian, queer womxn with an evidence-based approach that's warm, collaborative, nonjudgmental, humorous and directive. Using a culturally attuned, trauma/somatic/relational focus, we’ll explore barriers to authentic living and connecting deeply with yourself, your partner(s), the world. We’ll collaboratively curate a transformative healing process that allows you to experience: connection—healing—liberation.
I/My practice is grounded in the belief that we all have a deep desire and fundamental need to connect—with ourselves and with others. My practice melds my lived experience as a southern-raised, first-gen West Indian, queer womxn with an evidence-based approach that's warm, collaborative, nonjudgmental, humorous and directive. Using a culturally attuned, trauma/somatic/relational focus, we’ll explore barriers to authentic living and connecting deeply with yourself, your partner(s), the world. We’ll collaboratively curate a transformative healing process that allows you to experience: connection—healing—liberation.
(916) 999-7897 View (916) 999-7897
Photo of Elliot T Jones, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, MA
Elliot T Jones
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, MA
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
My ideal client are individuals looking to align their short term behaviors with their values and long terms goals. My focus is taking the time to listen, I consider you the expert of the life you are living. Unconditional positive regard and complete non judgement are the cornerstones of my practice. In doing so, there will hopefully be a mutual trust, a trust that allows the client the opportunity to address their attachments and traumas.
My ideal client are individuals looking to align their short term behaviors with their values and long terms goals. My focus is taking the time to listen, I consider you the expert of the life you are living. Unconditional positive regard and complete non judgement are the cornerstones of my practice. In doing so, there will hopefully be a mutual trust, a trust that allows the client the opportunity to address their attachments and traumas.
(916) 587-6971 View (916) 587-6971
Photo of Brian Hayes, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Brian Hayes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
Are you striving to find satisfaction with your work, life or relationships? Do you want to focus on fixing immediate problems rather than unraveling past hurts? Do you want to build a strong foundation for your current or future relationship? Have you grown tired of being treated like a problem and not a person? Do you prefer to work with a therapist who can relate to your challenges? I get where you’re coming from, and I’m here to help.
Are you striving to find satisfaction with your work, life or relationships? Do you want to focus on fixing immediate problems rather than unraveling past hurts? Do you want to build a strong foundation for your current or future relationship? Have you grown tired of being treated like a problem and not a person? Do you prefer to work with a therapist who can relate to your challenges? I get where you’re coming from, and I’m here to help.
(470) 412-8862 View (470) 412-8862

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA

10+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Depression
83% Anxiety
83% Trauma and PTSD
83% Life Transitions
58% Grief
50% Alcohol Use
42% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

6 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
89% Aetna
89% Optum

How Therapists in Sierra Oaks, Sacramento, CA see their clients

92% In Person and Online
8% Online Only

Gender breakdown

67% Female
33% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sierra Oaks?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.