Therapists in Sacramento, CA

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Photo of Barbara Bachmeier, PsyD, Psychologist
Barbara Bachmeier
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello fellow traveler, Life that is lived to the fullest is our greatest adventure. Sometimes, we get smacked with a road block. It is common to react with anxiety, depression, or a need to sort things out. It is normal to feel this way, yet it can seem that our ability to function optimally is affected with this happens. You can do this. You can be successful in moving through the struggle. You are not alone. I care, I will listen, I will respond, and I know what I am doing. Let me walk with you and apply my clinical knowledge as you gather new life hacks to facilitate your great journey.
Hello fellow traveler, Life that is lived to the fullest is our greatest adventure. Sometimes, we get smacked with a road block. It is common to react with anxiety, depression, or a need to sort things out. It is normal to feel this way, yet it can seem that our ability to function optimally is affected with this happens. You can do this. You can be successful in moving through the struggle. You are not alone. I care, I will listen, I will respond, and I know what I am doing. Let me walk with you and apply my clinical knowledge as you gather new life hacks to facilitate your great journey.
(916) 587-7792 View (916) 587-7792
Photo of Maria Turner-Lloveras, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maria Turner-Lloveras
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
I have experience working with all ages on many issues including attachment, anxiety, anger, impulsivity, and low self-esteem. I also work with complex families dealing with family conflict. Therapy provides a safe space that nurtures exploration, reflection, growth and change. I believe that being interactive and having a strong, caring connection with clients is essential to providing successful therapy.
I have experience working with all ages on many issues including attachment, anxiety, anger, impulsivity, and low self-esteem. I also work with complex families dealing with family conflict. Therapy provides a safe space that nurtures exploration, reflection, growth and change. I believe that being interactive and having a strong, caring connection with clients is essential to providing successful therapy.
(510) 692-4893 View (510) 692-4893
Photo of Elizabeth Rojas, PhD, Psychologist
Elizabeth Rojas
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a person-centered therapist specializing in CBT, ACT, and DBT, helping clients with trauma, depression, anxiety, and relationship challenges. I take a collaborative, multicultural approach to understand you as a whole person and create a tailored treatment plan. My compassionate and curious style encourages insights into how you view yourself, others, and the world, guiding you through life’s challenges. Using evidence-based therapies, I personalize treatments to meet your needs, achieve your goals, and improve your mental health. Together, we’ll build on your strengths to instill confidence, hope, and meaning in your life.
I am a person-centered therapist specializing in CBT, ACT, and DBT, helping clients with trauma, depression, anxiety, and relationship challenges. I take a collaborative, multicultural approach to understand you as a whole person and create a tailored treatment plan. My compassionate and curious style encourages insights into how you view yourself, others, and the world, guiding you through life’s challenges. Using evidence-based therapies, I personalize treatments to meet your needs, achieve your goals, and improve your mental health. Together, we’ll build on your strengths to instill confidence, hope, and meaning in your life.
(415) 943-0688 View (415) 943-0688
Photo of Megan J Valsecchi, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Megan J Valsecchi
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a compassionate and empathetic therapist who believes in the power of collaboration on the journey to emotional well-being. I am both a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) and a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPPC) with her undergraduate and graduate degree’s coming from California State University, Fullerton, and Sacramento State University, respectively. I create a safe and non-judgmental space where individuals can openly explore their emotions, knowing they are fully heard and understood.
I am a compassionate and empathetic therapist who believes in the power of collaboration on the journey to emotional well-being. I am both a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) and a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPPC) with her undergraduate and graduate degree’s coming from California State University, Fullerton, and Sacramento State University, respectively. I create a safe and non-judgmental space where individuals can openly explore their emotions, knowing they are fully heard and understood.
(916) 866-9347 View (916) 866-9347
Photo of Jack D Love, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jack D Love
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95815
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals and families navigating complex, often court-involved challenges that call for both sensitive support and expert insight. My clients are typically seeking practical strategies to manage stress, strengthen relationships, or tackle parenting issues under demanding circumstances. I’m here to provide clarity, guidance, and a balanced, impartial perspective. Together, we work toward building healthier dynamics, reducing conflict, and achieving stability, so they can confidently approach custody evaluations and find renewed growth within t
I work with individuals and families navigating complex, often court-involved challenges that call for both sensitive support and expert insight. My clients are typically seeking practical strategies to manage stress, strengthen relationships, or tackle parenting issues under demanding circumstances. I’m here to provide clarity, guidance, and a balanced, impartial perspective. Together, we work toward building healthier dynamics, reducing conflict, and achieving stability, so they can confidently approach custody evaluations and find renewed growth within t
(916) 866-3772 View (916) 866-3772
Photo of Jocelyn Wilson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jocelyn Wilson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95831
Christian Counselor Whether you are looking to improve relationships or your functionality it will be my honor to walk alongside you as you move through the growth opportunities of life in your personal success journey.
Christian Counselor Whether you are looking to improve relationships or your functionality it will be my honor to walk alongside you as you move through the growth opportunities of life in your personal success journey.
(916) 507-1612 View (916) 507-1612
Photo of Michael Grant Rocco, DSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michael Grant Rocco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95831
I may be a psychotherapist, but I’m also a person in the world and not that different from you. I have a family and have been a lifelong learner. I grew up in a large, extended family who were working class. My family is diverse - different ethnicities, religious backgrounds, class levels, disabilities, educational levels, gender/sexualities, ages, geographical origin. As a person, I have had a few struggles and a few triumphs. I try to learn from life, my mistakes, other people, and my professional/academic experiences. I like to think that all these experiences have made me a better person and a better psychotherapist.
I may be a psychotherapist, but I’m also a person in the world and not that different from you. I have a family and have been a lifelong learner. I grew up in a large, extended family who were working class. My family is diverse - different ethnicities, religious backgrounds, class levels, disabilities, educational levels, gender/sexualities, ages, geographical origin. As a person, I have had a few struggles and a few triumphs. I try to learn from life, my mistakes, other people, and my professional/academic experiences. I like to think that all these experiences have made me a better person and a better psychotherapist.
(916) 655-0409 View (916) 655-0409
Photo of Shelly Ware, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Shelly Ware
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I have experience working with BIPOC Women who are experiencing anxiety, grief and loss, perinatal mood, and anxiety disorders, as well as navigating and healing from relationship trauma and unhealthy relationships. IMy therapy style is collaborative and down to earth. I believe in helping empower my clients to make healthy choices. I enjoy teaching and encouraging my clients to become curious about their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I also have experience helping women discern if they should stay or leave a relationship that feels confusing or unsupportive.
I have experience working with BIPOC Women who are experiencing anxiety, grief and loss, perinatal mood, and anxiety disorders, as well as navigating and healing from relationship trauma and unhealthy relationships. IMy therapy style is collaborative and down to earth. I believe in helping empower my clients to make healthy choices. I enjoy teaching and encouraging my clients to become curious about their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I also have experience helping women discern if they should stay or leave a relationship that feels confusing or unsupportive.
(279) 202-9585 View (279) 202-9585
Photo of Dorian Cox, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Dorian Cox
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95825
I am passionate about working with people who are feeling lost within themselves. Navigating through life’s challenges can be increasingly difficult when you feel a loss of connection to who you are at your core. Emotions can be confusing, leaving people feeling helpless, stuck, and alone. I am determined to collaborate and help guide you through understanding the beauty of being a complex person with the ability to feel in control and powerful in the face of adversity.
I am passionate about working with people who are feeling lost within themselves. Navigating through life’s challenges can be increasingly difficult when you feel a loss of connection to who you are at your core. Emotions can be confusing, leaving people feeling helpless, stuck, and alone. I am determined to collaborate and help guide you through understanding the beauty of being a complex person with the ability to feel in control and powerful in the face of adversity.
(916) 823-8588 View (916) 823-8588
Photo of Dr. Joel Minden, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Joel Minden
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
Now offering teletherapy for clients throughout California. If you struggle with anxiety or depression, you know how difficult it can be to cope. When anxiety is at its worst, it feels like something awful is about to happen. Without knowing how to respond, it’s easy to get trapped in what seems like an endless pattern of worry and avoidance. Depression feels exhausting, hopeless, and sad. Motivation and activity decline, and it’s hard to believe that things will ever get better. Imagine being more active, skilled, and competent, emotionally resilient, and living in accordance with your values.
Now offering teletherapy for clients throughout California. If you struggle with anxiety or depression, you know how difficult it can be to cope. When anxiety is at its worst, it feels like something awful is about to happen. Without knowing how to respond, it’s easy to get trapped in what seems like an endless pattern of worry and avoidance. Depression feels exhausting, hopeless, and sad. Motivation and activity decline, and it’s hard to believe that things will ever get better. Imagine being more active, skilled, and competent, emotionally resilient, and living in accordance with your values.
(916) 378-7726 View (916) 378-7726
Photo of Mauricio Vargas, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mauricio Vargas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95825
If you are going through a difficult time in your life, or struggling with intense feelings of sadness, worry, or shame, I can help you. I specialize in helping people overcome the challenges that they face and becoming a healthier version of themselves. Through therapy, people can overcome self-destructive behaviors and habits and improve their relationships with others. I have worked with a number of different methodologies and techniques, allowing me to tailor my approach to meet the needs of each client.
If you are going through a difficult time in your life, or struggling with intense feelings of sadness, worry, or shame, I can help you. I specialize in helping people overcome the challenges that they face and becoming a healthier version of themselves. Through therapy, people can overcome self-destructive behaviors and habits and improve their relationships with others. I have worked with a number of different methodologies and techniques, allowing me to tailor my approach to meet the needs of each client.
(916) 634-0106 View (916) 634-0106
Photo of Jessa Mohaddess Westmoreland, PsyD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jessa Mohaddess Westmoreland
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
Many of us feel disconnected from ourselves and experience symptoms that constrict our lives and relationships. My goal as a therapist is to provide a safe environment where people can comfortably explore their longstanding, repetitive patterns, work through past trauma, integrate previously disowned parts of self, and discover their inner strengths. Using a holistic and integrative approach grounded in psychodynamic theory, I am committed to helping my clients gain insight and self-awareness and feel empowered to alter their present experiences by making intentional decisions that align with their values.
Many of us feel disconnected from ourselves and experience symptoms that constrict our lives and relationships. My goal as a therapist is to provide a safe environment where people can comfortably explore their longstanding, repetitive patterns, work through past trauma, integrate previously disowned parts of self, and discover their inner strengths. Using a holistic and integrative approach grounded in psychodynamic theory, I am committed to helping my clients gain insight and self-awareness and feel empowered to alter their present experiences by making intentional decisions that align with their values.
(916) 398-2827 View (916) 398-2827
Photo of Melissa Stolsig, PsyD, MS, MA, Psychologist
Melissa Stolsig
Psychologist, PsyD, MS, MA
Verified Verified
Online Only
I work with adults of any age willing to engage in therapy to heal, grow or simply feel better. I am able to work with a variety of people from different populations due to my non-judgmental stance and curiosity about other people. I am adept at working with individuals who experience multiple problems simultaneously due to my willingness to work with other providers and supportive group/individual services. I specialize in dealing with chronic/developmental trauma, managing psychological sequelae due to chronic medical conditions, and working with anxiety and depression with cultural curiosity and humility.
I work with adults of any age willing to engage in therapy to heal, grow or simply feel better. I am able to work with a variety of people from different populations due to my non-judgmental stance and curiosity about other people. I am adept at working with individuals who experience multiple problems simultaneously due to my willingness to work with other providers and supportive group/individual services. I specialize in dealing with chronic/developmental trauma, managing psychological sequelae due to chronic medical conditions, and working with anxiety and depression with cultural curiosity and humility.
(805) 312-7832 View (805) 312-7832
Photo of Karyn Noel, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Karyn Noel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
So many of us are feeling overwhelmed with the results of the election right now. We feel anger, shock, confusion, and grief. We wonder how this has happened or we feel foolish for ever having hoped in the first place. It's hard to know where to go or what to do next. Giving up feels like a valid option, or maybe even the only option. Here are some things I have heard people say recently: "I thought we were moving forward, but now it feels like we're a hundred years away." "How can I heal in a world that is telling me they don't believe me...or that they just don't care?" "I feel betrayed by my own family." "What's the point?"
So many of us are feeling overwhelmed with the results of the election right now. We feel anger, shock, confusion, and grief. We wonder how this has happened or we feel foolish for ever having hoped in the first place. It's hard to know where to go or what to do next. Giving up feels like a valid option, or maybe even the only option. Here are some things I have heard people say recently: "I thought we were moving forward, but now it feels like we're a hundred years away." "How can I heal in a world that is telling me they don't believe me...or that they just don't care?" "I feel betrayed by my own family." "What's the point?"
(805) 902-4237 View (805) 902-4237
Photo of Patience Silva, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Patience Silva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
I am a Catholic Christian therapist. I provide therapeutic services that stay true to traditional Catholic and Christian values. I especially enjoy integrating the faith into sessions, while utilizing evidenced based practices and counseling techniques. I work with individuals of all faith backgrounds, though my speciality is working with the Catholic & Christian population.
I am a Catholic Christian therapist. I provide therapeutic services that stay true to traditional Catholic and Christian values. I especially enjoy integrating the faith into sessions, while utilizing evidenced based practices and counseling techniques. I work with individuals of all faith backgrounds, though my speciality is working with the Catholic & Christian population.
(916) 252-5030 View (916) 252-5030
Photo of Micaela Marie Van Dine, MS, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Micaela Marie Van Dine
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
I am a forensic psychotherapist that works with families involved in custody disputes with a focus on the best interests for children. My focus with all clients is to find solutions to complex issues. My approach is direct and goal oriented. For psychotherapy, I treat individuals, families, and children. I also hold closed support groups for Recovery from Psychological Abuse (specifically narcissistic abuse). I work extensively with individuals going through divorce. I enjoy working with children and teens in treating depression/ anxiety, Trauma, Introversion/social anxiety, peer issues, and parental conflict/divorce.
I am a forensic psychotherapist that works with families involved in custody disputes with a focus on the best interests for children. My focus with all clients is to find solutions to complex issues. My approach is direct and goal oriented. For psychotherapy, I treat individuals, families, and children. I also hold closed support groups for Recovery from Psychological Abuse (specifically narcissistic abuse). I work extensively with individuals going through divorce. I enjoy working with children and teens in treating depression/ anxiety, Trauma, Introversion/social anxiety, peer issues, and parental conflict/divorce.
(916) 507-1817 View (916) 507-1817
Photo of Chioko Grevious, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Chioko Grevious
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95815
I am motivated to work with adults experiencing anxiety, stress, depression, grief; feelings of being overwhelmed, sadness, frustration and loneliness. I work with clients who just feel stuck. I meet my clients where they are to collaborate on their wellness needs to meet their goals. I believe that we all have the capacity to become the best versions of ourselves within our families, relationships and community.
I am motivated to work with adults experiencing anxiety, stress, depression, grief; feelings of being overwhelmed, sadness, frustration and loneliness. I work with clients who just feel stuck. I meet my clients where they are to collaborate on their wellness needs to meet their goals. I believe that we all have the capacity to become the best versions of ourselves within our families, relationships and community.
(916) 639-9274 View (916) 639-9274
Photo of Beth Laskosky, BS, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Beth Laskosky
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, BS, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95821
If you could embody all of your identities without shame and judgment - who would you be? Much of my work has been centered around neurodivergent, transgender teens. and LGBTQAI2S+ individuals. I enjoy working with all neurodivergent humans trying to navigate ADHD, executive dysfunction, low self-esteem, and identity formation & expression. As a queer therapist, I understand the safety and security needed to create a healing relationship. I also assist with psychedelic integration for individuals processing the larger meanings derived from healing mystical experiences and life transitions.
If you could embody all of your identities without shame and judgment - who would you be? Much of my work has been centered around neurodivergent, transgender teens. and LGBTQAI2S+ individuals. I enjoy working with all neurodivergent humans trying to navigate ADHD, executive dysfunction, low self-esteem, and identity formation & expression. As a queer therapist, I understand the safety and security needed to create a healing relationship. I also assist with psychedelic integration for individuals processing the larger meanings derived from healing mystical experiences and life transitions.
(916) 269-5556 View (916) 269-5556
Photo of Lindsay Ann Shortliffe, PsyD, Psychologist
Lindsay Ann Shortliffe
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95818
It can be very difficult to take steps towards positive change or to seek support when facing challenge in your life. Therefore, my primary goal when working with a new client is to create a comfortable environment. I strive to get to know you and to understand what you want from our work. I believe that each person's needs will be different, so I draw from a wide range of techniques to tailor therapy to your specific goals. These tools can help you reduce symptoms, understand patterns in your life, improve relationships and accomplish your personal or professional goals.
It can be very difficult to take steps towards positive change or to seek support when facing challenge in your life. Therefore, my primary goal when working with a new client is to create a comfortable environment. I strive to get to know you and to understand what you want from our work. I believe that each person's needs will be different, so I draw from a wide range of techniques to tailor therapy to your specific goals. These tools can help you reduce symptoms, understand patterns in your life, improve relationships and accomplish your personal or professional goals.
(916) 794-0149 View (916) 794-0149
Photo of James Meyer - Lions Heart Counseling, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lions Heart Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95825
If you are feeling down, coping with an overwhelming life change, or seeking more out of life and relationships, we can help. Accepting you right where you are with compassion and mindful presence are the cornerstone of our practice. Creating space for you to be, just as you are, problems, guilt, shame, disappointment and all, can be very healing. Once you feel heard and accepted, you can start opening to the guidance of your emotions, identifying blocks to joy, healing and recovery. This creates the space for goal setting and planning.
If you are feeling down, coping with an overwhelming life change, or seeking more out of life and relationships, we can help. Accepting you right where you are with compassion and mindful presence are the cornerstone of our practice. Creating space for you to be, just as you are, problems, guilt, shame, disappointment and all, can be very healing. Once you feel heard and accepted, you can start opening to the guidance of your emotions, identifying blocks to joy, healing and recovery. This creates the space for goal setting and planning.
(916) 571-1365 View (916) 571-1365
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sacramento, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$157

Therapists in Sacramento, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
73% Coping Skills
70% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
68% Stress
60% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
80% Cigna and Evernorth
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Sacramento, CA see their clients

56% Online Only
44% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sacramento?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.