Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Petaluma, CA

Photo of Emily Todd, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Emily Todd
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94954  (Online Only)
By working through trauma and woundings, your symptoms and thoughts will shift.
Holistic Psychotherapy, Psychedelic Integration and Coaching addressing Mental Health and Substance Use Issues. Providing online service for anywhere in the world.
By working through trauma and woundings, your symptoms and thoughts will shift.
Holistic Psychotherapy, Psychedelic Integration and Coaching addressing Mental Health and Substance Use Issues. Providing online service for anywhere in the world.
(415) 236-9519 View (415) 236-9519
Photo of Dr. Lyndsie M. Amtoft, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Lyndsie M. Amtoft
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! My name is Dr. Lyndsie Amtoft and I’m a licensed psychotherapist practicing in NorCal. I have been licensed for 12 years while practicing within the mental health field for over 20 years. I enjoy working with individuals, families, and children. I specialize in working with clients who have been diagnosed with Autism, those processing bereavement and grief, parents who are dealing with high-conflict custodial litigation, and children, teens, and adults having experienced trauma in their lives. I look forward to meeting you and working together to offer support in your journey of self exploration, healing, and personal growth.
Hello! My name is Dr. Lyndsie Amtoft and I’m a licensed psychotherapist practicing in NorCal. I have been licensed for 12 years while practicing within the mental health field for over 20 years. I enjoy working with individuals, families, and children. I specialize in working with clients who have been diagnosed with Autism, those processing bereavement and grief, parents who are dealing with high-conflict custodial litigation, and children, teens, and adults having experienced trauma in their lives. I look forward to meeting you and working together to offer support in your journey of self exploration, healing, and personal growth.
(707) 709-5406 View (707) 709-5406
Photo of Catherine Tahmin, PsyD, Psychologist
Catherine Tahmin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
I welcome and work well with challenge. My style is warm, direct, and engaging while maintaining a stance of curiosity and compassion. I help clients suffering from depression and anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, addiction, and childhood abuse. I will do everything in my power to support you. You’ve every reason to expect relief from emotional pain and stress. My deep listening skills and therapeutic feedback are aimed at unburdening you from whatever issues prevent you from experiencing a more empowered sense of yourself. My clinical approach is psychodynamic.
I welcome and work well with challenge. My style is warm, direct, and engaging while maintaining a stance of curiosity and compassion. I help clients suffering from depression and anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, addiction, and childhood abuse. I will do everything in my power to support you. You’ve every reason to expect relief from emotional pain and stress. My deep listening skills and therapeutic feedback are aimed at unburdening you from whatever issues prevent you from experiencing a more empowered sense of yourself. My clinical approach is psychodynamic.
(707) 346-5688 View (707) 346-5688
Photo of Jennifer Brazinsky Jones, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Brazinsky Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
As a therapist, I am primarily focused on the treatment of trauma, and would be honored to work with you on your journey to healing. In addition, I greatly enjoy helping those struggling with Adult ADHD gain new skills. When we improve coping and change maladaptive patterns, we can notice a shift in all aspects of our lives--relationships, work, health, and our own sense of well being. I want you to know there is help and that we can work collaboratively to help you find more peace in your life.
As a therapist, I am primarily focused on the treatment of trauma, and would be honored to work with you on your journey to healing. In addition, I greatly enjoy helping those struggling with Adult ADHD gain new skills. When we improve coping and change maladaptive patterns, we can notice a shift in all aspects of our lives--relationships, work, health, and our own sense of well being. I want you to know there is help and that we can work collaboratively to help you find more peace in your life.
(707) 820-2330 View (707) 820-2330
Photo of Sandy Peace, PsyD, Psychologist
Sandy Peace
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94975  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
If you are ready for change in your life therapy is a great catalyst! I am an integrative therapist utilizing a variety of modalities tailored to individuals', partners', and groups' needs: mindfulness, somatic, CBT, DBT, EMDR, brief psychodynamic, existential, humanistic, and relational. I work with a wide range of presenting concerns such as: identity development, life transitions, relationship enhancement, empowered communication, family issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, bipolar, personality disorders, addiction, sexuality, sexual orientation, gender identity, polyamory/open relationships.
If you are ready for change in your life therapy is a great catalyst! I am an integrative therapist utilizing a variety of modalities tailored to individuals', partners', and groups' needs: mindfulness, somatic, CBT, DBT, EMDR, brief psychodynamic, existential, humanistic, and relational. I work with a wide range of presenting concerns such as: identity development, life transitions, relationship enhancement, empowered communication, family issues, anxiety, depression, trauma, bipolar, personality disorders, addiction, sexuality, sexual orientation, gender identity, polyamory/open relationships.
(707) 329-3338 View (707) 329-3338
Photo of Kimberly Jordan, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kimberly Jordan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94954  (Online Only)
I am a trauma informed therapist who helps clients understand how their earlier experiences in life may be impacting their ability to fully be present with and enjoy their current life.
Are you struggling with a transition, experiencing the loss of a loved one or a relationship, or perhaps have lost touch with your own sense of joy and vibrancy? Therapy can help to bring you to a new place of understanding, perspective, inspiration and purpose. I am passionate about supporting individuals to create and live authentic, heart-centered lives. I am a holistically oriented therapist which means I believe in the connection of body, mind, and spirit and emotions. I enjoy helping clients uncover and heal what ever may be holding them back from living the life they desire.
I am a trauma informed therapist who helps clients understand how their earlier experiences in life may be impacting their ability to fully be present with and enjoy their current life.
Are you struggling with a transition, experiencing the loss of a loved one or a relationship, or perhaps have lost touch with your own sense of joy and vibrancy? Therapy can help to bring you to a new place of understanding, perspective, inspiration and purpose. I am passionate about supporting individuals to create and live authentic, heart-centered lives. I am a holistically oriented therapist which means I believe in the connection of body, mind, and spirit and emotions. I enjoy helping clients uncover and heal what ever may be holding them back from living the life they desire.
(628) 333-3251 View (628) 333-3251
Photo of Marty Schwebel, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marty Schwebel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94954
As a trauma-informed, attachment-focused therapist, I use CBT and EMDR to help overcome trauma, enhance performance, and build on your strengths.
Embarking on the journey to inner freedom starts with choosing not to go it alone. With the right support, you can gain the insights needed to achieve your goals and fulfill your destiny. Whether you're struggling with past trauma, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, seeking to build a meaningful connection, or enrich an existing relationship, I'm here to walk alongside you. Let's connect—either in person at my office or through video therapy from the comfort of your home.
As a trauma-informed, attachment-focused therapist, I use CBT and EMDR to help overcome trauma, enhance performance, and build on your strengths.
Embarking on the journey to inner freedom starts with choosing not to go it alone. With the right support, you can gain the insights needed to achieve your goals and fulfill your destiny. Whether you're struggling with past trauma, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, seeking to build a meaningful connection, or enrich an existing relationship, I'm here to walk alongside you. Let's connect—either in person at my office or through video therapy from the comfort of your home.
(707) 832-4954 View (707) 832-4954
Photo of Daniela Koromzay, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Daniela Koromzay
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
Other modalities include EMDR, and Internal Family Systems (IFS), both of which are evidence-based approaches to treating trauma and PTSD.
My aim is to help you connect with your authentic Self, to facilitate the natural expression of peace and happiness, and to honor your deepest nature. By addressing obstacles with curiosity and compassion, old beliefs and patterns that no longer serve your highest good will begin to unwind. I integrate Internal Family Systems theory, somatic awareness, EMDR, mindfulness, and attention to the therapeutic relationship, with the goal of helping you move towards greater happiness and well being. I am also available to support your preparation for, and integration after, experiences with non- ordinary states of consciousness.
Other modalities include EMDR, and Internal Family Systems (IFS), both of which are evidence-based approaches to treating trauma and PTSD.
My aim is to help you connect with your authentic Self, to facilitate the natural expression of peace and happiness, and to honor your deepest nature. By addressing obstacles with curiosity and compassion, old beliefs and patterns that no longer serve your highest good will begin to unwind. I integrate Internal Family Systems theory, somatic awareness, EMDR, mindfulness, and attention to the therapeutic relationship, with the goal of helping you move towards greater happiness and well being. I am also available to support your preparation for, and integration after, experiences with non- ordinary states of consciousness.
(628) 333-2104 View (628) 333-2104
Photo of Judy Iwanier, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Judy Iwanier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94952
I have years of experience in the areas of medical social work, grief and loss, trauma, depression and anxiety.
I offer support to survivors of traumatic experiences, individuals who have experienced a loss or separation from a loved one, as well as those suffering from depression and anxiety. Emotional pain is as common as physical pain, and can be truly agonizing.
I have years of experience in the areas of medical social work, grief and loss, trauma, depression and anxiety.
I offer support to survivors of traumatic experiences, individuals who have experienced a loss or separation from a loved one, as well as those suffering from depression and anxiety. Emotional pain is as common as physical pain, and can be truly agonizing.
(707) 419-3415 View (707) 419-3415
Photo of Sil Machado Ph.D., MA, PhD, Psychologist
Sil Machado Ph.D.
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94952
I have particular expertise in adult psychotherapy for anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, LGBTQ+ issues, loss, and relationship problems.
We all have the potential to lead a fulfilling life. Difficult challenges may keep us from reaching that potential though, and we can find ourselves stuck in repetitive cycles of suffering. I offer individual psychotherapy and neurofeedback with a focus on the alleviation of symptoms through inner transformation. With close attention to the unresolved emotional pain and nervous system dysregulation that drive symptoms, I help clients find resilience within the difficulties they face. I draw from time-tested and evidence-based approaches suited to each client's unique needs.
I have particular expertise in adult psychotherapy for anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, LGBTQ+ issues, loss, and relationship problems.
We all have the potential to lead a fulfilling life. Difficult challenges may keep us from reaching that potential though, and we can find ourselves stuck in repetitive cycles of suffering. I offer individual psychotherapy and neurofeedback with a focus on the alleviation of symptoms through inner transformation. With close attention to the unresolved emotional pain and nervous system dysregulation that drive symptoms, I help clients find resilience within the difficulties they face. I draw from time-tested and evidence-based approaches suited to each client's unique needs.
(707) 531-7720 View (707) 531-7720
Photo of Dr. Melissa Pumper, PsyD, PMH-C, Psychologist
Dr. Melissa Pumper
Psychologist, PsyD, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94975
I am certified in EMDR, a highly effective treatment for trauma and stressful experiences, and I frequently integrate the skills-based treatments of DBT and CBT for improved coping.
Have you endured abuse, a near death experience, unexpected loss, or highly stressful events that you feel like have changed you? Are you feeling on edge and struggling to relax, focus, and feel interested in things you used to enjoy? I'm glad you found me. I am a licensed clinical psychologist who provides therapy for adults in California. I specialize in the treatment of trauma, anxiety, and pregnancy and postpartum related concerns. I strive to create a safe, nonjudgmental, empowering alliance through which I will compassionately encourage you to process your experiences and help you to feel like yourself again.
I am certified in EMDR, a highly effective treatment for trauma and stressful experiences, and I frequently integrate the skills-based treatments of DBT and CBT for improved coping.
Have you endured abuse, a near death experience, unexpected loss, or highly stressful events that you feel like have changed you? Are you feeling on edge and struggling to relax, focus, and feel interested in things you used to enjoy? I'm glad you found me. I am a licensed clinical psychologist who provides therapy for adults in California. I specialize in the treatment of trauma, anxiety, and pregnancy and postpartum related concerns. I strive to create a safe, nonjudgmental, empowering alliance through which I will compassionately encourage you to process your experiences and help you to feel like yourself again.
(707) 744-3893 View (707) 744-3893
Photo of Diana Tapia, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Diana Tapia
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
My name is Diana Tapian I received my master’s degree from Cal Baptist University. I have been working as a therapist for eight years. I believe that life has many transitions and sometimes we might find ourselves feeling lost, confused, and defeated. I am here to help you find the hope that has been lost and walk this healing journey with you. I have worked closely with adult individuals experiencing homelessness, substance abuse issues, depression, anxiety, trauma, co-dependency, domestic violence, and self-esteem issues. I am soft-spoken and genuine. My goal is to create a safe space for you to explore and overcome challenges.
My name is Diana Tapian I received my master’s degree from Cal Baptist University. I have been working as a therapist for eight years. I believe that life has many transitions and sometimes we might find ourselves feeling lost, confused, and defeated. I am here to help you find the hope that has been lost and walk this healing journey with you. I have worked closely with adult individuals experiencing homelessness, substance abuse issues, depression, anxiety, trauma, co-dependency, domestic violence, and self-esteem issues. I am soft-spoken and genuine. My goal is to create a safe space for you to explore and overcome challenges.
(707) 475-3182 View (707) 475-3182
Photo of Renee Zavislak, MS, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Renee Zavislak
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
If you are facing sadness, anxiety, trauma, or dependence, finding and contacting a therapist is likely a daunting process and a huge leap of faith.
As an integrative therapist, I draw from different psychotherapy orientations. This allows me to tailor therapy to your needs and allows for a truly collaborative process in deciding where we go and how. Since successful therapy depends on a strong relationship between client and therapist, my first priority is nurturing that bond by creating a safe and supportive environment. I believe therapy is most effective when it is flexible, demystified, and client-centered, so you can expect me to be transparent about my ideas and approaches. My style is at times infused with humor and is always warm and direct.
If you are facing sadness, anxiety, trauma, or dependence, finding and contacting a therapist is likely a daunting process and a huge leap of faith.
As an integrative therapist, I draw from different psychotherapy orientations. This allows me to tailor therapy to your needs and allows for a truly collaborative process in deciding where we go and how. Since successful therapy depends on a strong relationship between client and therapist, my first priority is nurturing that bond by creating a safe and supportive environment. I believe therapy is most effective when it is flexible, demystified, and client-centered, so you can expect me to be transparent about my ideas and approaches. My style is at times infused with humor and is always warm and direct.
(415) 881-4930 View (415) 881-4930
Photo of Judy Pasdach, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Judy Pasdach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
Trauma and suffering can cut us off from our surroundings and parts of ourselves including our own inner voice.
Are you experiencing difficulties related to pregnancy, pre-term birth, medically complex birth, NICU stay, post-partum depression?
Trauma and suffering can cut us off from our surroundings and parts of ourselves including our own inner voice.
Are you experiencing difficulties related to pregnancy, pre-term birth, medically complex birth, NICU stay, post-partum depression?
(707) 876-0568 View (707) 876-0568
Photo of Carole Ann Cassidy, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carole Ann Cassidy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
I also offer help for individuals who experienced trauma, painful memories, difficult childhoods, and breakups.
It can be challenging to make the desired changes in our lives! My goal is to assist clients make the desired changes, achieve more happiness, resolve conflicts, set healthy goals, discover self-empathy and live the life you know you’re capable of living. I offer an empathetic ear to fully understand your situation. I specialize in couples and individual therapy offering helpful techniques to improve your life.
I also offer help for individuals who experienced trauma, painful memories, difficult childhoods, and breakups.
It can be challenging to make the desired changes in our lives! My goal is to assist clients make the desired changes, achieve more happiness, resolve conflicts, set healthy goals, discover self-empathy and live the life you know you’re capable of living. I offer an empathetic ear to fully understand your situation. I specialize in couples and individual therapy offering helpful techniques to improve your life.
(650) 620-7326 View (650) 620-7326
Photo of Neena Gleason, MS, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Neena Gleason
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94952
Waitlist for new clients
When working with couples, I provide trauma-informed support via Gottman Method and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT).
Central to my practice is the belief in mind-body well-being and enduring resiliency, guiding clients towards a holistic understanding of themselves and their experiences. In our therapeutic journey, my priority is to ensure that our sessions are truly beneficial for you; that you feel fully seen and heard. I will regularly check in to gauge your progress and adjust my approach as needed, based on your feedback and evolving needs. I have a relational style and practice compassionate attunement, meaning I will openly offer reflections so that you never feel like you are talking to a blank wall, or being judged.
When working with couples, I provide trauma-informed support via Gottman Method and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT).
Central to my practice is the belief in mind-body well-being and enduring resiliency, guiding clients towards a holistic understanding of themselves and their experiences. In our therapeutic journey, my priority is to ensure that our sessions are truly beneficial for you; that you feel fully seen and heard. I will regularly check in to gauge your progress and adjust my approach as needed, based on your feedback and evolving needs. I have a relational style and practice compassionate attunement, meaning I will openly offer reflections so that you never feel like you are talking to a blank wall, or being judged.
(707) 402-9610 View (707) 402-9610
Photo of Laurette Lipman - Embracing Life Psychotherapy, MA, LPCC
Embracing Life Psychotherapy
MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
We are here to help individuals and families find the support they need through life's daily challenges. We work with most ages ranging from young children to older adults and are able to focus on a variety of areas including, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, self esteem, career, parenting stress, grief, trauma and substance use/addiction. You don't have to go through things alone! Please reach out to us for a free consultation to see how we may be able to help you.
We are here to help individuals and families find the support they need through life's daily challenges. We work with most ages ranging from young children to older adults and are able to focus on a variety of areas including, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, self esteem, career, parenting stress, grief, trauma and substance use/addiction. You don't have to go through things alone! Please reach out to us for a free consultation to see how we may be able to help you.
(707) 289-9660 View (707) 289-9660
Photo of Jennifer Morehouse, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Morehouse
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94954
I have 25 years experience working with children, adolescents & families in a variety of settings. I work with trauma, anxiety, depression, ADHD & parenting issues. I engage with clients through play & art therapy as well as cognitive & behavioral approaches while providing a safe environment to talk. I also help clients learn appropriate coping skills and communication strategies. I believe compassion, understanding & humor are key to working with youth & families. I am trained in Trauma Focused Treatment & work collaboratively with children, adolescents & their families. Please check out my website www.jennifermorehousemft.com.
I have 25 years experience working with children, adolescents & families in a variety of settings. I work with trauma, anxiety, depression, ADHD & parenting issues. I engage with clients through play & art therapy as well as cognitive & behavioral approaches while providing a safe environment to talk. I also help clients learn appropriate coping skills and communication strategies. I believe compassion, understanding & humor are key to working with youth & families. I am trained in Trauma Focused Treatment & work collaboratively with children, adolescents & their families. Please check out my website www.jennifermorehousemft.com.
(707) 693-7063 View (707) 693-7063
Photo of Laurette Lipman, MA, LPCC
Laurette Lipman
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Petaluma, CA 94952
I specialize in working with depression, anxiety, substance use, trauma and life transitions.
I know sometimes life can be hard, and it is difficult to seek out help from someone. Often my clients come to me nervous or hesitant to open up, but they notice that after even meeting only one time they feel better. I do my best to make sure you feel comfortable, and that you feel like you have someone that really cares and understands what you are going through. You do not have to do go through it alone! I am here and I want to help you. I feel it is important to find someone you like, that is accessible and easy to get a hold when you need help. You can become a happier and healthier you!
I specialize in working with depression, anxiety, substance use, trauma and life transitions.
I know sometimes life can be hard, and it is difficult to seek out help from someone. Often my clients come to me nervous or hesitant to open up, but they notice that after even meeting only one time they feel better. I do my best to make sure you feel comfortable, and that you feel like you have someone that really cares and understands what you are going through. You do not have to do go through it alone! I am here and I want to help you. I feel it is important to find someone you like, that is accessible and easy to get a hold when you need help. You can become a happier and healthier you!
(707) 368-4603 View (707) 368-4603
Photo of Elaine Daly, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elaine Daly
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Petaluma, CA 94952
Waitlist for new clients
I am a trauma informed somatic psychotherapist with a deep belief in our connection to nature and spirituality as a pathway to our wholeness individually and collectively.
My approach to therapy helps you access your best self, break old patterns and move into the life you want to have internally and in relationship to others and our society. Often times, you know in your heart-mind how you want to be in the world, but your body, emotions and societal patterns keep activating thoughts, behaviors or experiences that don't serve your highest self. Through paying attention to 'how' this programming happens, becoming mindful of what the triggers feel like, we can create pathways to change those patterns. Please contact me for a 15 minute connection call.
I am a trauma informed somatic psychotherapist with a deep belief in our connection to nature and spirituality as a pathway to our wholeness individually and collectively.
My approach to therapy helps you access your best self, break old patterns and move into the life you want to have internally and in relationship to others and our society. Often times, you know in your heart-mind how you want to be in the world, but your body, emotions and societal patterns keep activating thoughts, behaviors or experiences that don't serve your highest self. Through paying attention to 'how' this programming happens, becoming mindful of what the triggers feel like, we can create pathways to change those patterns. Please contact me for a 15 minute connection call.
(707) 896-4764 View (707) 896-4764
1
...
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.