Therapists in Montclair Village, Oakland, CA

Photo of Amy Kelly - Licensed Therapist & Founder Revive Health Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Licensed Therapist & Founder Revive Health Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Montclair Village, Oakland, CA 94611
You have built a successful life, but inside you feel exhausted, disconnected, and quietly empty. Your marriage feels strained or distant, parenting feels heavy with guilt and pressure, or you are navigating divorce and questioning everything you thought was stable. You function well on the outside while feeling anxious, lonely, or spiritually disconnected on the inside. You want peace, clarity, and deeper connection. You want to stop white-knuckling through life and begin living with intention, meaning, and emotional honesty.
You have built a successful life, but inside you feel exhausted, disconnected, and quietly empty. Your marriage feels strained or distant, parenting feels heavy with guilt and pressure, or you are navigating divorce and questioning everything you thought was stable. You function well on the outside while feeling anxious, lonely, or spiritually disconnected on the inside. You want peace, clarity, and deeper connection. You want to stop white-knuckling through life and begin living with intention, meaning, and emotional honesty.
(415) 524-0645 View (415) 524-0645
Photo of Kat Conour, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RYT500
Kat Conour
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RYT500
8 Endorsed
Serves Area
Perhaps your life looks great from the outside, but inside you feel stuck, anxious, or unsure of your next steps. Maybe you're wondering how best to move forward in response to a significant change or loss. Or you want to feel differently—and believe it’s possible—but the way ahead isn’t clear. Whether you’re facing a major life decision, unresolved patterns from childhood, or just a vague sense that something’s off—you're not alone. In our work together, I’ll support you in asking the deeper questions and living more fully into the answers that reflect who you are and what truly matters to you.
Perhaps your life looks great from the outside, but inside you feel stuck, anxious, or unsure of your next steps. Maybe you're wondering how best to move forward in response to a significant change or loss. Or you want to feel differently—and believe it’s possible—but the way ahead isn’t clear. Whether you’re facing a major life decision, unresolved patterns from childhood, or just a vague sense that something’s off—you're not alone. In our work together, I’ll support you in asking the deeper questions and living more fully into the answers that reflect who you are and what truly matters to you.
(828) 475-8683 View (828) 475-8683
Photo of Anna Darvin Hirsch, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Anna Darvin Hirsch
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Serves Area
What I believe: Relationships are unique and come in countless shapes and sizes over time. Right now, relationships are already happening and changing in your life every day. Love is available in ourselves when we choose it, and choosing love in ourselves brings more love into our relationships. Yes, all relationships shift and change, and at the same time, love can regenerate again and again in the most mysterious moments and forms if we stay open and curious.
What I believe: Relationships are unique and come in countless shapes and sizes over time. Right now, relationships are already happening and changing in your life every day. Love is available in ourselves when we choose it, and choosing love in ourselves brings more love into our relationships. Yes, all relationships shift and change, and at the same time, love can regenerate again and again in the most mysterious moments and forms if we stay open and curious.
(510) 756-4122 View (510) 756-4122
Photo of Alana Morazzini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Alana Morazzini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Maybe you tried therapy in the past but you often felt alone and adrift in the process, without any direction or real means to better explore the deeper, long standing issues you suspect are at the root of your distress. Or perhaps you tried couples therapy only to find that it led to more arguments, which left you both feeling discouraged. Therapy shouldn’t leave you feeling more alone and adrift! It should be a place where you feel fully seen, understood, and encouraged to deeply examine the issues that are holding you back from the life and relationships you long for.
Maybe you tried therapy in the past but you often felt alone and adrift in the process, without any direction or real means to better explore the deeper, long standing issues you suspect are at the root of your distress. Or perhaps you tried couples therapy only to find that it led to more arguments, which left you both feeling discouraged. Therapy shouldn’t leave you feeling more alone and adrift! It should be a place where you feel fully seen, understood, and encouraged to deeply examine the issues that are holding you back from the life and relationships you long for.
(415) 322-5653 View (415) 322-5653
Photo of Sabrina Hinojosa, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CHT, CBSP
Sabrina Hinojosa
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CHT, CBSP
Serves Area
You look around, the common culture doesn't reflect your ethnicity, gender expression, ability, or sexual orientation. You don't fit into a neat little box. You want to be able to be your full and powerful self - without compromise - and also be in meaningful and fulfilling relationships. My clients come to me to overcome doubt, build confidence, heal from old programming and old trauma. I use techniques to help them slow down and listen to their inner voice so it's so loud and clear that anxiety has no room to stay.
You look around, the common culture doesn't reflect your ethnicity, gender expression, ability, or sexual orientation. You don't fit into a neat little box. You want to be able to be your full and powerful self - without compromise - and also be in meaningful and fulfilling relationships. My clients come to me to overcome doubt, build confidence, heal from old programming and old trauma. I use techniques to help them slow down and listen to their inner voice so it's so loud and clear that anxiety has no room to stay.
(510) 648-3627 View (510) 648-3627
Photo of Michael Shaw, Psychologist, PhD
Michael Shaw
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
I believe three core things about therapy: 1. People are inherently healthy. 2. Therapy is not just about symptoms. 3. If the therapy is working, you'll know it. Traditionally, psychotherapy has been associated with illness while wellness and depth have been left to the self-help movement. The theory I practice sees everyone as sound at the core. As a result, there is no ceiling on "getting better." Someone with symptoms wants to feel more like him or herself, which I aim to make happen as quickly as possible. At the same time, I help people to achieve clear interpersonal, professional, and creative change.
I believe three core things about therapy: 1. People are inherently healthy. 2. Therapy is not just about symptoms. 3. If the therapy is working, you'll know it. Traditionally, psychotherapy has been associated with illness while wellness and depth have been left to the self-help movement. The theory I practice sees everyone as sound at the core. As a result, there is no ceiling on "getting better." Someone with symptoms wants to feel more like him or herself, which I aim to make happen as quickly as possible. At the same time, I help people to achieve clear interpersonal, professional, and creative change.
(424) 226-4543 View (424) 226-4543
Photo of Philip MacEachron, Psychologist, PsyD
Philip MacEachron
Psychologist, PsyD
Serves Area
Are you struggling with miscommunication, distractions, impulsivity, sensory overwhelm, or executive functioning challenges at work or in relationships? Is it harder to cope now that you have kids, or aging parents? Do you wonder if it’s anxiety, depression, trauma, and/or neurodivergence? I often see people who, despite their successes, still find it hard to shake a negative self-image after growing up being seen as weird, gifted or unconventional. Many folks find me when they are seeking a trauma-informed, queer-friendly, and neurodiverse-sensitive therapist who can help them feel better without pathologizing their differences.
Are you struggling with miscommunication, distractions, impulsivity, sensory overwhelm, or executive functioning challenges at work or in relationships? Is it harder to cope now that you have kids, or aging parents? Do you wonder if it’s anxiety, depression, trauma, and/or neurodivergence? I often see people who, despite their successes, still find it hard to shake a negative self-image after growing up being seen as weird, gifted or unconventional. Many folks find me when they are seeking a trauma-informed, queer-friendly, and neurodiverse-sensitive therapist who can help them feel better without pathologizing their differences.
(510) 491-0261 View (510) 491-0261
Photo of Teressa Armstrong, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Teressa Armstrong
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Serves Area
Everyone runs into trouble at some point in their life. When they do, they often benefit from talking to someone who isn't primarily their friend or member of their family, someone who is empathic, curious, non-judgmental, and relentlessly focused on helping you feel better. Therapy isn't a one-size-fits-all enterprise, but has to tailored to what you need. Whether it's about simply feeling less anxious or depressed, or mastering an inhibition or block you've had all your life, therapy can get you back on the track you once were on or want to be on.
Everyone runs into trouble at some point in their life. When they do, they often benefit from talking to someone who isn't primarily their friend or member of their family, someone who is empathic, curious, non-judgmental, and relentlessly focused on helping you feel better. Therapy isn't a one-size-fits-all enterprise, but has to tailored to what you need. Whether it's about simply feeling less anxious or depressed, or mastering an inhibition or block you've had all your life, therapy can get you back on the track you once were on or want to be on.
(415) 630-4514 View (415) 630-4514
Photo of Shirin Shoai, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT, L3 IFS
Shirin Shoai
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT, L3 IFS
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you often find yourself feeling out of place or struggling inside—even though other people think you have it all together—I can help. I work with individual adults who are familiar with psychotherapy and want deeper, root-level healing for symptoms related to anxiety and relational trauma. This can include concerns around relationships, life transitions, overthinking, people-pleasing, self-doubt, self-limiting beliefs and thought patterns, boundaries, and self-criticism. My style is active, spacious, and focused on supporting you in slowing down, tuning into yourself, and feeling the healing wisdom that thrives within you.
If you often find yourself feeling out of place or struggling inside—even though other people think you have it all together—I can help. I work with individual adults who are familiar with psychotherapy and want deeper, root-level healing for symptoms related to anxiety and relational trauma. This can include concerns around relationships, life transitions, overthinking, people-pleasing, self-doubt, self-limiting beliefs and thought patterns, boundaries, and self-criticism. My style is active, spacious, and focused on supporting you in slowing down, tuning into yourself, and feeling the healing wisdom that thrives within you.
(415) 366-8346 View (415) 366-8346
Photo of Jessica Muzio, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Jessica Muzio
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Serves Area
If you're looking for a therapist, there's a good chance you're having a hard time or want to make changes in your life. That's where I can help. I provide a supportive environment for you to work through the thoughts, emotions and beliefs that may not be serving you. We will develop a plan that fits your lifestyle and puts you on a path toward the fulfillment, ease and well-being you deserve. I will accept you as you are, and help you become who you want to be.
If you're looking for a therapist, there's a good chance you're having a hard time or want to make changes in your life. That's where I can help. I provide a supportive environment for you to work through the thoughts, emotions and beliefs that may not be serving you. We will develop a plan that fits your lifestyle and puts you on a path toward the fulfillment, ease and well-being you deserve. I will accept you as you are, and help you become who you want to be.
(510) 944-0541 View (510) 944-0541
Photo of Bridgette Anderson, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Bridgette Anderson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Sucks to live with thoughts, feelings and beliefs that aren’t welcoming, hopeful or kind, doesn’t it? When that inner stream is clouded with shame, negativity or apathy, therapy can be a filter to clear out the toxins and make way for the new - the braver, the steadier, the integrated; the you that has the room and gumption to flourish. Getting acquainted with your badass, authentic self deserves your full attention, intention and compassion.
Sucks to live with thoughts, feelings and beliefs that aren’t welcoming, hopeful or kind, doesn’t it? When that inner stream is clouded with shame, negativity or apathy, therapy can be a filter to clear out the toxins and make way for the new - the braver, the steadier, the integrated; the you that has the room and gumption to flourish. Getting acquainted with your badass, authentic self deserves your full attention, intention and compassion.
(415) 952-6779 View (415) 952-6779
Photo of Sahra Brubeck, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Sahra Brubeck
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
My work supports those who feel weighed down by shame. For some this presents as distressing thoughts, rumination, & relationship anxiety. For others it may come in the form of isolation, depression, or addiction. If you are seeking new ways of relating to both yourself and others, therapy can be a transformative path inwards. Despite the many demands that you may be under right now, therapy offers a dedicated time and space to self-reflect and make contact with the parts of yourself that too often get dismissed or suppressed.
My work supports those who feel weighed down by shame. For some this presents as distressing thoughts, rumination, & relationship anxiety. For others it may come in the form of isolation, depression, or addiction. If you are seeking new ways of relating to both yourself and others, therapy can be a transformative path inwards. Despite the many demands that you may be under right now, therapy offers a dedicated time and space to self-reflect and make contact with the parts of yourself that too often get dismissed or suppressed.
(510) 726-8818 View (510) 726-8818
Photo of Mei-Hua Gee, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Mei-Hua Gee
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
7 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you tired and overwhelmed? Exhausted from the news and done being the hero? Is it difficult for you to ask for help because you're the helper? While you feel depleted, there is still a spark within, guiding you to focus on your own wellness. Your head is barely above water, yet you are determined to emerge and need help to do so. Perhaps it is time to enter a relationship with a therapist: a collaborator who can journey with you to explore your past, build mindful awareness in the present, and develop skills to achieve your future goals of self compassion, acceptance and authentic connection to yourself and others.
Are you tired and overwhelmed? Exhausted from the news and done being the hero? Is it difficult for you to ask for help because you're the helper? While you feel depleted, there is still a spark within, guiding you to focus on your own wellness. Your head is barely above water, yet you are determined to emerge and need help to do so. Perhaps it is time to enter a relationship with a therapist: a collaborator who can journey with you to explore your past, build mindful awareness in the present, and develop skills to achieve your future goals of self compassion, acceptance and authentic connection to yourself and others.
(510) 738-3215 View (510) 738-3215
Photo of Teresa Spaulding, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Teresa Spaulding
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you struggling with perfectionism, anxiety, and relationships? Do you struggle to communicate what you want and need or put other people's needs ahead of your own? Is it possible that some of this is may have arisen due to a less-than nurturing childhood? Are you thinking that you may want to make changes in your life, and focus on your self-care? Are you looking for a therapist who is compassionate and professional, and who uses evidence-based therapies? Welcome, you're in a safe space. Together, we can unpack the past, make sense of the now, and focus on your goals for the future.
Are you struggling with perfectionism, anxiety, and relationships? Do you struggle to communicate what you want and need or put other people's needs ahead of your own? Is it possible that some of this is may have arisen due to a less-than nurturing childhood? Are you thinking that you may want to make changes in your life, and focus on your self-care? Are you looking for a therapist who is compassionate and professional, and who uses evidence-based therapies? Welcome, you're in a safe space. Together, we can unpack the past, make sense of the now, and focus on your goals for the future.
(916) 776-8456 View (916) 776-8456
Photo of Paula Massengill, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Paula Massengill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
We all sometimes face challenges in life that we just can't resolve on our own. It might be a transition in your life that has brought unexpected trials: adulthood, marriage or divorce. raising a family, children leaving home, caring for your aging parents, the loss of a loved one, or facing your own aging and mortality. It might be a conflict in a relationship. Or it might be more of an internal struggle giving rise to anxiety, depression, or struggles with self-defeating behaviors. A fresh perspective can make all the difference. I work with both couples and individuals, providing expertise gained from 40 years' experience.
We all sometimes face challenges in life that we just can't resolve on our own. It might be a transition in your life that has brought unexpected trials: adulthood, marriage or divorce. raising a family, children leaving home, caring for your aging parents, the loss of a loved one, or facing your own aging and mortality. It might be a conflict in a relationship. Or it might be more of an internal struggle giving rise to anxiety, depression, or struggles with self-defeating behaviors. A fresh perspective can make all the difference. I work with both couples and individuals, providing expertise gained from 40 years' experience.
(510) 746-8555 View (510) 746-8555
Photo of Judith Muschel, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Judith Muschel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Serves Area
Choosing a therapist is a significant decision, and one in which it is crucial to trust your feelings. I am a very engaging, warm and thoughtful person. My approach is eclectic and interactive, and is adapted to the unique needs of each individual or couple. Humor, respectful listening, honest dialogue and collaboration are all important aspects of my work. My priority is to provide a safe connection as a foundation for growth, enhanced self-esteem, and well-being. Habitual patterns causing impasses, lack of passion, anxiety and depression, can shift once underlying needs and feelings are legitimized and given voice.
Choosing a therapist is a significant decision, and one in which it is crucial to trust your feelings. I am a very engaging, warm and thoughtful person. My approach is eclectic and interactive, and is adapted to the unique needs of each individual or couple. Humor, respectful listening, honest dialogue and collaboration are all important aspects of my work. My priority is to provide a safe connection as a foundation for growth, enhanced self-esteem, and well-being. Habitual patterns causing impasses, lack of passion, anxiety and depression, can shift once underlying needs and feelings are legitimized and given voice.
(510) 403-8134 View (510) 403-8134
Photo of Krista Rhinehart, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MA
Krista Rhinehart
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MA
Serves Area
Discover how to liberate yourself from shame, past trauma, false beliefs, doubt and internalized oppression so you can embody your unique creativity and power. Perhaps you have encountered a deep longing to express your truth, but you find yourself caught in a pattern or habit that blocks your ability to express it or believe in yourself. Some of these patterns run very deep and therefore I work with techniques that can really help us to get to the root of them so real change can happen. Through this process we will focus on developing your strengths and discovering your unique gifts.
Discover how to liberate yourself from shame, past trauma, false beliefs, doubt and internalized oppression so you can embody your unique creativity and power. Perhaps you have encountered a deep longing to express your truth, but you find yourself caught in a pattern or habit that blocks your ability to express it or believe in yourself. Some of these patterns run very deep and therefore I work with techniques that can really help us to get to the root of them so real change can happen. Through this process we will focus on developing your strengths and discovering your unique gifts.
(415) 598-7855 View (415) 598-7855
Photo of Allison B. Shapiro, Psychologist, PhD
Allison B. Shapiro
Psychologist, PhD
7 Endorsed
Serves Area
Healing and growth, which can be uncomfortable and painful, sometimes take time and support. These are shifts that we do not have to experience alone. Through authenticity, warmth and collaboration, I work with clients to cultivate understanding of their thoughts, feelings and behaviors and we work together to decrease stress and achieve defined goals. Whether it is anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues or health concerns, I integrate evidence-based practices to allow for the transformation of pain into growth.
Healing and growth, which can be uncomfortable and painful, sometimes take time and support. These are shifts that we do not have to experience alone. Through authenticity, warmth and collaboration, I work with clients to cultivate understanding of their thoughts, feelings and behaviors and we work together to decrease stress and achieve defined goals. Whether it is anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues or health concerns, I integrate evidence-based practices to allow for the transformation of pain into growth.
(341) 895-7563 View (341) 895-7563
Photo of Delilah Raybee, Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
Delilah Raybee
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
I help individuals, couples, and families experiencing life changes, suffering a loss, or needing relationship support. Whatever your current challenges, working with a somatic therapist can help you get in touch with your body, a rich source of information to support you in achieving greater ease in difficult situations or relationships. Therapy with me is a safe container for holding all that may arise as you journey back to yourself, starting with your body. I believe that when each of us heals ourselves it has ripple effects out to families, communities and ultimately to the world.
I help individuals, couples, and families experiencing life changes, suffering a loss, or needing relationship support. Whatever your current challenges, working with a somatic therapist can help you get in touch with your body, a rich source of information to support you in achieving greater ease in difficult situations or relationships. Therapy with me is a safe container for holding all that may arise as you journey back to yourself, starting with your body. I believe that when each of us heals ourselves it has ripple effects out to families, communities and ultimately to the world.
(415) 358-1597 View (415) 358-1597
Photo of Channing Richmond, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Channing Richmond
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am seeking to support clients being seen in a world that does not always validate one's existence. I hope to be a helpful guide in the journey of life to help clients notice the innate wisdom that already exists within themselves.
I am seeking to support clients being seen in a world that does not always validate one's existence. I hope to be a helpful guide in the journey of life to help clients notice the innate wisdom that already exists within themselves.
(510) 602-2946 View (510) 602-2946

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Montclair Village, Oakland, CA

300+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Montclair Village, Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
93% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
73% Stress
70% Grief
68% Trauma and PTSD
60% Women's Issues

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
73% Blue Cross
72% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Montclair Village, Oakland, CA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
17% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Montclair Village, Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.