Therapists in Menlo Park, CA

Photo of Edward V Brackenbury, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Edward V Brackenbury
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Ed Brackenbury is a licensed Marriage Family Therapist. He has been in private practice for 40 years. He founded and directed the Institute for Marital and Family Therapy, which graduated over 250 therapists with Master’s Degrees in Marriage Family Therapy. He taught high school for ten years and was a Young Life area director for four years. Ed has been a popular speaker at local, national and international conferences. He has helped train students and church leaders throughout Eastern Europe in the fields of marriage, family and pastoral counseling.
Ed Brackenbury is a licensed Marriage Family Therapist. He has been in private practice for 40 years. He founded and directed the Institute for Marital and Family Therapy, which graduated over 250 therapists with Master’s Degrees in Marriage Family Therapy. He taught high school for ten years and was a Young Life area director for four years. Ed has been a popular speaker at local, national and international conferences. He has helped train students and church leaders throughout Eastern Europe in the fields of marriage, family and pastoral counseling.
(650) 529-4807 View (650) 529-4807
Photo of Nadia Ramsaran, Counselor in Menlo Park, CA
Nadia Ramsaran
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
As a therapist, my goal is to foster and provide a safe space for clients to experience empathy, compassion, and healing. I strive to work with clients to guide them in forming and maintaining healthy relationships with themselves and others. I am motivated to provide the best care possible for my clients. I work collaboratively with clients to identify challenges as well as the practical steps needed to achieve life-long goals. My approach is direct, compassionate and supportive.
As a therapist, my goal is to foster and provide a safe space for clients to experience empathy, compassion, and healing. I strive to work with clients to guide them in forming and maintaining healthy relationships with themselves and others. I am motivated to provide the best care possible for my clients. I work collaboratively with clients to identify challenges as well as the practical steps needed to achieve life-long goals. My approach is direct, compassionate and supportive.
(424) 417-2775 View (424) 417-2775
Photo of Margarita Garcia-Moreira, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Margarita Garcia-Moreira
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025
My name is Margarita (Magui) Garcia-Moreira, and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist (LMFT) based in San Diego, CA, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with women and specialize in anxiety, stress, and depression, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and solution-focused therapy to help my clients make progress and start feeling empowered and loved.
My name is Margarita (Magui) Garcia-Moreira, and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist (LMFT) based in San Diego, CA, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with women and specialize in anxiety, stress, and depression, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and solution-focused therapy to help my clients make progress and start feeling empowered and loved.
(650) 742-1681 View (650) 742-1681
Photo of Jo Anna Costa, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Jo Anna Costa
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
As a licensed clinician and an ICF-certified coach, I understand the significance of taking the first step towards growth. Together, we will work on learning how to take meaningful, values-driven actions toward becoming a better version of yourself. My goal is to assist you in finding a soulful path that provides fulfillment and well-being. Areas of expertise include helping clients with transitions, managing anxiety &/or depression, parenting challenges, and more. In a supportive and individualized environment, we can work together towards achieving your goals. "You don't have to see the whole staircase to take the first step" -MLK
As a licensed clinician and an ICF-certified coach, I understand the significance of taking the first step towards growth. Together, we will work on learning how to take meaningful, values-driven actions toward becoming a better version of yourself. My goal is to assist you in finding a soulful path that provides fulfillment and well-being. Areas of expertise include helping clients with transitions, managing anxiety &/or depression, parenting challenges, and more. In a supportive and individualized environment, we can work together towards achieving your goals. "You don't have to see the whole staircase to take the first step" -MLK
(650) 563-7750 View (650) 563-7750
Photo of Jen Buchholz, Psychologist in Menlo Park, CA
Jen Buchholz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist (PSY34408) providing individual and couples therapy to adults. I specialize in cognitive behavioral therapy and other evidence-based treatments for anxiety, OCD, trauma-related disorders, and relationship challenges. My approach is nonjudgmental, genuine, and flexible as I support clients in learning new strategies that support their wellbeing. Since we learn best by doing, I approach therapy actively and collaboratively as I encourage clients to try out new ways of relating to themselves and others.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist (PSY34408) providing individual and couples therapy to adults. I specialize in cognitive behavioral therapy and other evidence-based treatments for anxiety, OCD, trauma-related disorders, and relationship challenges. My approach is nonjudgmental, genuine, and flexible as I support clients in learning new strategies that support their wellbeing. Since we learn best by doing, I approach therapy actively and collaboratively as I encourage clients to try out new ways of relating to themselves and others.
(650) 719-8513 View (650) 719-8513
Photo of Denise Lee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Denise Lee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
Clients have described me as warm, nurturing, and also direct. I tend to engage in more of a collaborative approach identifying what you would like to accomplish and then exploring how we can get you there.
Clients have described me as warm, nurturing, and also direct. I tend to engage in more of a collaborative approach identifying what you would like to accomplish and then exploring how we can get you there.
(510) 288-9436 View (510) 288-9436
Photo of Kristian Bowden Menotti, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Kristian Bowden Menotti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RYT
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025
You want to feel balanced, centered and be able to truly experience joy. You are tired of depression, anxiety and/or troubling memories standing in the way of your ability to live a rich and meaningful life. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a current challenging situation, or you're just ready to move forward from a troubled past, I cherish the opportunity of hearing your story and walking with you along your path of healing.
You want to feel balanced, centered and be able to truly experience joy. You are tired of depression, anxiety and/or troubling memories standing in the way of your ability to live a rich and meaningful life. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a current challenging situation, or you're just ready to move forward from a troubled past, I cherish the opportunity of hearing your story and walking with you along your path of healing.
(408) 215-9451 View (408) 215-9451
Photo of Meri Mitsuyoshi, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Meri Mitsuyoshi
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025
In today's tech-driven environment, the pressure to succeed can be overwhelming. Striving to achieve measures of success that do not include what is personally meaningful may heighten stress and anxiety. Therapy is an opportunity to examine the relationship between external messages and one's inner truths. It also supports the process of creating a life that is in harmony with who one truly aspires to be.
In today's tech-driven environment, the pressure to succeed can be overwhelming. Striving to achieve measures of success that do not include what is personally meaningful may heighten stress and anxiety. Therapy is an opportunity to examine the relationship between external messages and one's inner truths. It also supports the process of creating a life that is in harmony with who one truly aspires to be.
(650) 300-3584 View (650) 300-3584
Photo of Karla Amanda Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Karla Amanda Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Menlo Park, CA 94025
It is time for you to get unstuck - feel stronger and live life in control. Do you feel hurt and betrayed by someone who was supposed to love you? If your current relationship is causing you pain, you are in the right place. Fear does not have to rule your every move. Together, you and I will address what has been keeping you frozen so that you can open the door to a life of possibility and begin enjoying yourself while feeling secure and confident.
It is time for you to get unstuck - feel stronger and live life in control. Do you feel hurt and betrayed by someone who was supposed to love you? If your current relationship is causing you pain, you are in the right place. Fear does not have to rule your every move. Together, you and I will address what has been keeping you frozen so that you can open the door to a life of possibility and begin enjoying yourself while feeling secure and confident.
(650) 297-3259 View (650) 297-3259
Photo of Laura Hamilton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Laura Hamilton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025
The burning question: "Should I be concerned by my child's behavior, lack of communication, or new friends... or is this just a phase"? There are many variables as to why children/adolescents begin acting differently and sometimes this is just a natural progression in your child becoming their own individual. However, other times these are warning signs that something problematic is involved and you are correct to be concerned.
The burning question: "Should I be concerned by my child's behavior, lack of communication, or new friends... or is this just a phase"? There are many variables as to why children/adolescents begin acting differently and sometimes this is just a natural progression in your child becoming their own individual. However, other times these are warning signs that something problematic is involved and you are correct to be concerned.
(650) 209-7632 View (650) 209-7632
Photo of Svetlana Kreimer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Svetlana Kreimer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Relationships can be hard. Partners struggle with communication, conflicting parenting styles, sexual expressions... Life's challenges, hurtful fights, history of trauma or infidelity make it difficult to sustain trust and closeness. How can you create desired connections, and not lose yourself in the process? How can you be true both to self and to your partnership? I invite you to explore these questions together with empathy and curiosity, letting go of habitual judgments, self-deprecation, and shame. I work with individuals, couples, and families. Both traditional and alternative lifestyles are welcome, and no issue is a taboo.
Relationships can be hard. Partners struggle with communication, conflicting parenting styles, sexual expressions... Life's challenges, hurtful fights, history of trauma or infidelity make it difficult to sustain trust and closeness. How can you create desired connections, and not lose yourself in the process? How can you be true both to self and to your partnership? I invite you to explore these questions together with empathy and curiosity, letting go of habitual judgments, self-deprecation, and shame. I work with individuals, couples, and families. Both traditional and alternative lifestyles are welcome, and no issue is a taboo.
(408) 512-3709 View (408) 512-3709
Photo of Constance Burton, Psychologist in Menlo Park, CA
Constance Burton
Psychologist, JD, PsyD
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
Therapy offers an opportunity to move your life in more desired directions and to help you live with greater personal satisfaction and engagement. My therapeutic approach focuses on helping you more deeply understand possible causes of emotional distress. We work together to develop insights and strategies necessary for managing and potentially resolving both inner conflict as well as interpersonal dynamics. I tailor the type of therapy provided to suit your needs. Our work generally involves developing psychological perspectives necessary to reduce symptoms, manage stressors, and deepen and enrich your psychological life.
Therapy offers an opportunity to move your life in more desired directions and to help you live with greater personal satisfaction and engagement. My therapeutic approach focuses on helping you more deeply understand possible causes of emotional distress. We work together to develop insights and strategies necessary for managing and potentially resolving both inner conflict as well as interpersonal dynamics. I tailor the type of therapy provided to suit your needs. Our work generally involves developing psychological perspectives necessary to reduce symptoms, manage stressors, and deepen and enrich your psychological life.
(650) 465-5527 View (650) 465-5527
Photo of Phyu-Phoebe Htut, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Phyu-Phoebe Htut
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
I believe that each of us are experts in our lives and my goal in therapy is to support people finding meaning and purpose in their lives by providing safe and non-judgement space. One of my favorite quotes in life is “I am not what happened to me, I am what I choose to become” by Carl G. Jung. I like to work collaboratively with my clients by using strengths-based, attachment focus and the client-centered approach to achieve their individual goals in life.
I believe that each of us are experts in our lives and my goal in therapy is to support people finding meaning and purpose in their lives by providing safe and non-judgement space. One of my favorite quotes in life is “I am not what happened to me, I am what I choose to become” by Carl G. Jung. I like to work collaboratively with my clients by using strengths-based, attachment focus and the client-centered approach to achieve their individual goals in life.
(415) 634-4664 View (415) 634-4664
Photo of Tyler Webster, Psychologist in Menlo Park, CA
Tyler Webster
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Are you feeling stuck in the same type of relationships, arguments, or habits? When you feel stuck, it can be helpful to talk with someone to consider a fresh perspective. Previous ways of facing obstacles in your life may not be working and you might want to learn new ways to cope, or you may need extra support while going through a challenging experience. Typically, I help clients with stress, depression, worries/anxiety, life transitions, professional/sport/academic performance, and substance abuse. I enjoy working with people who are interested in self-growth and are curious about themselves and others.
Are you feeling stuck in the same type of relationships, arguments, or habits? When you feel stuck, it can be helpful to talk with someone to consider a fresh perspective. Previous ways of facing obstacles in your life may not be working and you might want to learn new ways to cope, or you may need extra support while going through a challenging experience. Typically, I help clients with stress, depression, worries/anxiety, life transitions, professional/sport/academic performance, and substance abuse. I enjoy working with people who are interested in self-growth and are curious about themselves and others.
(650) 603-5046 View (650) 603-5046
Photo of Wendy Justus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Wendy Justus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed psychotherapist and EMDR provider who specializes in trauma, depression, addiction, life change and attachment issues. I work with adults and older adolescents. I can help with the anxiety and painful feelings that proliferate when coping with challenging life experiences. I am certified to provide EMDR, (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) a powerful and highly effective trauma treatment which can greatly improve therapeutic outcome and expedite recovery time. EMDR works with major trauma as well as repetitive, "small t" trauma like that experienced growing up in a dysfunctional home.
I am a licensed psychotherapist and EMDR provider who specializes in trauma, depression, addiction, life change and attachment issues. I work with adults and older adolescents. I can help with the anxiety and painful feelings that proliferate when coping with challenging life experiences. I am certified to provide EMDR, (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) a powerful and highly effective trauma treatment which can greatly improve therapeutic outcome and expedite recovery time. EMDR works with major trauma as well as repetitive, "small t" trauma like that experienced growing up in a dysfunctional home.
(650) 437-8597 View (650) 437-8597
Photo of Joe Fierro, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Joe Fierro
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
I use a strengths-based, collaborative approach in my work with clients. I believe in the human potential for healing, growth, and change. I explore with clients their life experiences and cultural influences as part of identifying areas of strength, as well as building awareness for how these factors may have contributed to challenges in the way they view themselves, their relationships, and the world. I like to help clients identify their successes, interests & talents, and aspects of their lives that are working well to include these in their process for change.
I use a strengths-based, collaborative approach in my work with clients. I believe in the human potential for healing, growth, and change. I explore with clients their life experiences and cultural influences as part of identifying areas of strength, as well as building awareness for how these factors may have contributed to challenges in the way they view themselves, their relationships, and the world. I like to help clients identify their successes, interests & talents, and aspects of their lives that are working well to include these in their process for change.
(415) 886-1596 View (415) 886-1596
Photo of Barbara Salinger-Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Barbara Salinger-Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, BA, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Barbara Salinger-Brown is a licensed psychotherapist with a private practice in Menlo Park. With over 17 years of experience working with adults and teens who are seeking help for struggles with anxiety, depression, enhancing performance, eating disorders, and relief from trauma. I work with performing artists, athletes, and coaches, giving them tools to help increase their confidence and learn how to achieve peak performance. As a competitive swimmer for most of my life, I discovered a passion for helping athletes develop a more balanced and healthy way of viewing and participating in their sport.
Barbara Salinger-Brown is a licensed psychotherapist with a private practice in Menlo Park. With over 17 years of experience working with adults and teens who are seeking help for struggles with anxiety, depression, enhancing performance, eating disorders, and relief from trauma. I work with performing artists, athletes, and coaches, giving them tools to help increase their confidence and learn how to achieve peak performance. As a competitive swimmer for most of my life, I discovered a passion for helping athletes develop a more balanced and healthy way of viewing and participating in their sport.
(650) 539-6912 View (650) 539-6912
Photo of Stefani Largent, Menlo Park Women's Psychotherapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Menlo Park, CA
Stefani Largent, Menlo Park Women's Psychotherapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Menlo Park, CA 94025
IN-OFFICE & video sessions offered in Menlo Park... Have you found yourself at a crossroads in life? Perhaps you are experiencing strain in a relationship or grieving a significant loss. Is your quality of life less than satisfactory? Psychotherapy can help you work through difficult life issues, discover positive solutions, develop meaningful relationships, and live a more fulfilling, authentic life. I provide psychotherapy and counseling to individuals who are ready, motivated and committed to achieving well-being, personal growth and transformation by engaging in the therapeutic process.
IN-OFFICE & video sessions offered in Menlo Park... Have you found yourself at a crossroads in life? Perhaps you are experiencing strain in a relationship or grieving a significant loss. Is your quality of life less than satisfactory? Psychotherapy can help you work through difficult life issues, discover positive solutions, develop meaningful relationships, and live a more fulfilling, authentic life. I provide psychotherapy and counseling to individuals who are ready, motivated and committed to achieving well-being, personal growth and transformation by engaging in the therapeutic process.
(415) 842-1755 View (415) 842-1755
Photo of Julie A Gauthier, Psychologist in Menlo Park, CA
Julie A Gauthier
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
I believe that we grow through our struggles. They often point to parts of ourselves that are denied or have been banished to adapt to our early environments. In learning how to relate to and integrate more of our wholeness, we experience a greater capacity for and flexibility in relationships as well as a greater resiliency in their lives. I work with clients to increase awareness of themselves and their patterns, both healthy and unhealthy, to have greater choice and freedom in the way they live, and to discover lifepaths that authentically express who they are.
I believe that we grow through our struggles. They often point to parts of ourselves that are denied or have been banished to adapt to our early environments. In learning how to relate to and integrate more of our wholeness, we experience a greater capacity for and flexibility in relationships as well as a greater resiliency in their lives. I work with clients to increase awareness of themselves and their patterns, both healthy and unhealthy, to have greater choice and freedom in the way they live, and to discover lifepaths that authentically express who they are.
(650) 385-8951 View (650) 385-8951
Photo of Jenny Stewart, Psychologist in Menlo Park, CA
Jenny Stewart
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Menlo Park, CA 94025  (Online Only)
My approach to therapy is to build a safe relationship where you can bring your authentic self. Healing starts with connection and feeling a sense of belonging, and I foster that from our very first session by taking a non-judgmental and compassionate approach. While my approach is rooted in the present, I help clients understand how past experiences and messages they received may have impacted how they walk through the world today. I'll help you let go of old patterns that are keeping you stuck and find new ways to navigate life’s ups and downs.
My approach to therapy is to build a safe relationship where you can bring your authentic self. Healing starts with connection and feeling a sense of belonging, and I foster that from our very first session by taking a non-judgmental and compassionate approach. While my approach is rooted in the present, I help clients understand how past experiences and messages they received may have impacted how they walk through the world today. I'll help you let go of old patterns that are keeping you stuck and find new ways to navigate life’s ups and downs.
(650) 643-4482 View (650) 643-4482

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Menlo Park, CA

300+

Average cost per session

$225

Therapists in Menlo Park, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
66% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD
62% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
44% Cigna and Evernorth
44% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Menlo Park, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Menlo Park?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.