Therapists in Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA
Bernard F Natelson
Psychologist, MBA, PsyD
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807 (Online Only)
I have been in private practice for 30 years. These years of practice have taught me to view peoples' concerns as problems in everyday life rather than "mental" deficiencies. Couples, for example, are not mentally disturbed but rather have problems in communicating with each other. What is often categorized as depression or anxiety is often the result of an interpersonal relationship at home or at work. However, it may also be the result of an irrational belief system. In the latter case, I would work with the client in identifying his/her core belief system as a means of changing it. .
I have been in private practice for 30 years. These years of practice have taught me to view peoples' concerns as problems in everyday life rather than "mental" deficiencies. Couples, for example, are not mentally disturbed but rather have problems in communicating with each other. What is often categorized as depression or anxiety is often the result of an interpersonal relationship at home or at work. However, it may also be the result of an irrational belief system. In the latter case, I would work with the client in identifying his/her core belief system as a means of changing it. .
Shelly Crosby
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
Do memories of past traumas keep getting in the way of the life you want? Do you feel anxious, on-edge, and worried about the safety of yourself and/or your family? Do you try to hide your thoughts and feelings, because other people won't understand? Even though you're trying to manage it on your own, has your anger and isolation started to impact your relationships/family? If you feel this way and you are ready for a change, trauma-focused therapy can help you recover from the past and move forward with your future. Please know that it is possible to heal from trauma/post-traumatic stress disorder!
Do memories of past traumas keep getting in the way of the life you want? Do you feel anxious, on-edge, and worried about the safety of yourself and/or your family? Do you try to hide your thoughts and feelings, because other people won't understand? Even though you're trying to manage it on your own, has your anger and isolation started to impact your relationships/family? If you feel this way and you are ready for a change, trauma-focused therapy can help you recover from the past and move forward with your future. Please know that it is possible to heal from trauma/post-traumatic stress disorder!
Khatya Albano LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
Gen-Z & Millennials, I understand the unique challenges you face being completely overcome by unruly and intense emotions. You're doing your best and still find yourself getting hijacked by your emotions, unable to express yourself and be how you want. You're tired of the self-doubt, circular arguments, panic, anger, and sadness that are holding you back. You're ready to know yourself in new, embodied and loving ways in order to feel in harmony with yourself and your life.
Gen-Z & Millennials, I understand the unique challenges you face being completely overcome by unruly and intense emotions. You're doing your best and still find yourself getting hijacked by your emotions, unable to express yourself and be how you want. You're tired of the self-doubt, circular arguments, panic, anger, and sadness that are holding you back. You're ready to know yourself in new, embodied and loving ways in order to feel in harmony with yourself and your life.
Remy Preston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807 (Online Only)
Greetings and welcome. You have entered a safe space with an experienced licensed clinical therapist and I am excited for our opportunity to work together. During these current times, it can be difficult to distinguish what is best for you or your family. Even with the best intentions navigating a pandemic and life challenges can be overwhelming for anyone. I appreciate the fact that you have come to address your concerns in a professional space. I look forward to the work we can accomplish together. I have 16 years experience working w/ various vulnerable populations including children & families, adults, at risk youth/adolescents.
Greetings and welcome. You have entered a safe space with an experienced licensed clinical therapist and I am excited for our opportunity to work together. During these current times, it can be difficult to distinguish what is best for you or your family. Even with the best intentions navigating a pandemic and life challenges can be overwhelming for anyone. I appreciate the fact that you have come to address your concerns in a professional space. I look forward to the work we can accomplish together. I have 16 years experience working w/ various vulnerable populations including children & families, adults, at risk youth/adolescents.
Linda Nusbaum
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
STOP FIGHTING...LEARN TO LOVE AGAIN!
I specialize in helping couples talk about challenges in their relationships. We will focus on what's not working and and most importantly we will discover why.
Counseling allows people to open up and share even the hard stuff that usually stays hidden from the other person. Counseling helps couples re-discover each other again, in a way that is more satisfying to both. The goal of counseling is to provide you new skills for you to use to communicate with each other and to help you feel more connected.
STOP FIGHTING...LEARN TO LOVE AGAIN!
I specialize in helping couples talk about challenges in their relationships. We will focus on what's not working and and most importantly we will discover why.
Counseling allows people to open up and share even the hard stuff that usually stays hidden from the other person. Counseling helps couples re-discover each other again, in a way that is more satisfying to both. The goal of counseling is to provide you new skills for you to use to communicate with each other and to help you feel more connected.
Krissy Thomas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90801 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hi!, my name is Krissy, and I'm here to guide you on a journey towards healing, growth, and stronger relationships. As a licensed marriage and family therapist, I am deeply committed to providing compassionate and effective mental health services to individuals, couples, and families. Life presents us with a myriad of challenges, from navigating personal struggles to managing relationship dynamics. In these moments, seeking support can be a transformative step towards reclaiming your well-being and fostering resilience. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences.
Hi!, my name is Krissy, and I'm here to guide you on a journey towards healing, growth, and stronger relationships. As a licensed marriage and family therapist, I am deeply committed to providing compassionate and effective mental health services to individuals, couples, and families. Life presents us with a myriad of challenges, from navigating personal struggles to managing relationship dynamics. In these moments, seeking support can be a transformative step towards reclaiming your well-being and fostering resilience. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences.
Nadeshda Hernandez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CHT, MACP, MBA
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
I am very effective with children who have behavioral challenges due to trauma, pressures, family troubles, or unknowns. I easily connect with teens who struggle to fit in or feel understood so they can open up and allow me to help them. I empower young adults who are feeling anxious and/or depressed. I can guide couples to rekindle their passion and commitment for each other as two separate grounded individuals who choose each other on a regular basis. I guide adult individuals who are going through break ups to have major breakthroughs in their journey. Let's get you to wherever you want to be.
I am very effective with children who have behavioral challenges due to trauma, pressures, family troubles, or unknowns. I easily connect with teens who struggle to fit in or feel understood so they can open up and allow me to help them. I empower young adults who are feeling anxious and/or depressed. I can guide couples to rekindle their passion and commitment for each other as two separate grounded individuals who choose each other on a regular basis. I guide adult individuals who are going through break ups to have major breakthroughs in their journey. Let's get you to wherever you want to be.
Dr. Anna Consla
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
After all the painful things you’ve been through, you may wonder if you'll ever be able to feel happy and at peace. You might feel anxious and overwhelmed by strong emotions, or numb, detached and exhausted. You may feel unsafe, and find it’s hard to trust people or open up to them. You might feel confused about who you are and where your life is headed. You may wish you could feel better, but question whether that's even possible for you. I believe it is possible, and I'm here to help you. I received my doctorate from the PGSP-Stanford PsyD Consortium, and have devoted my career to helping people heal from stress and trauma.
After all the painful things you’ve been through, you may wonder if you'll ever be able to feel happy and at peace. You might feel anxious and overwhelmed by strong emotions, or numb, detached and exhausted. You may feel unsafe, and find it’s hard to trust people or open up to them. You might feel confused about who you are and where your life is headed. You may wish you could feel better, but question whether that's even possible for you. I believe it is possible, and I'm here to help you. I received my doctorate from the PGSP-Stanford PsyD Consortium, and have devoted my career to helping people heal from stress and trauma.
Noemi Fernandez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807 (Online Only)
I help women, LGBT+/queer individuals, and adult children of immigrants who have felt misunderstood or mistreated develop a solidified sense of self and feel more confident. I’m here for those without elders to turn to, because growing older doesn't always mean growing kinder and wiser. I’m here for those who feel compelled to embark on the painful yet rewarding journey to break generational patterns and nurture their own inner wisdom. I’m here to hold space for your feelings and needs, help you shift your perspective, and integrate all parts of yourself, especially the parts you’ve shunned away. I’m excited to support you!
I help women, LGBT+/queer individuals, and adult children of immigrants who have felt misunderstood or mistreated develop a solidified sense of self and feel more confident. I’m here for those without elders to turn to, because growing older doesn't always mean growing kinder and wiser. I’m here for those who feel compelled to embark on the painful yet rewarding journey to break generational patterns and nurture their own inner wisdom. I’m here to hold space for your feelings and needs, help you shift your perspective, and integrate all parts of yourself, especially the parts you’ve shunned away. I’m excited to support you!
Jaime Dunham
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
My name is Jaime and I'm an LMFT that specializes in working with anxiety disorders, parenting challenges, grief and loss, perinatal and postpartum concerns, and general child concerns. Therapy with me is a collaborative process where we aim to explore and work towards your goals, deepen your self understanding, and improve your confidence. Some of my training includes Child Parent Psychotherapy, Certified Diplomate of the Academy of Cognitive Therapy, ERP for OCD, training through the Selective Mutism Institute, Reflective Parenting, Level 1 and 2 training through Postpartum Support International, and level 1 Gottman training.
My name is Jaime and I'm an LMFT that specializes in working with anxiety disorders, parenting challenges, grief and loss, perinatal and postpartum concerns, and general child concerns. Therapy with me is a collaborative process where we aim to explore and work towards your goals, deepen your self understanding, and improve your confidence. Some of my training includes Child Parent Psychotherapy, Certified Diplomate of the Academy of Cognitive Therapy, ERP for OCD, training through the Selective Mutism Institute, Reflective Parenting, Level 1 and 2 training through Postpartum Support International, and level 1 Gottman training.
Michael Leone-Aldrich
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
You're ready for a change. The way that things have been going doesn't feel sustainable. You might be feeling exhausted, anxious, down, worn out or on edge and it's taking its toll. While it may have felt that you once knew what you wanted, what you are working for and who you are now, it is isn't entirely clear anymore. It's also hard because who do you turn to with all of this? As a man, it can be isolating to be going through this without any source of direction or support. We're often conditioned to express our emotions in a very specific way (cue single tear during the Superbowl), but what happens when that isn't working?
You're ready for a change. The way that things have been going doesn't feel sustainable. You might be feeling exhausted, anxious, down, worn out or on edge and it's taking its toll. While it may have felt that you once knew what you wanted, what you are working for and who you are now, it is isn't entirely clear anymore. It's also hard because who do you turn to with all of this? As a man, it can be isolating to be going through this without any source of direction or support. We're often conditioned to express our emotions in a very specific way (cue single tear during the Superbowl), but what happens when that isn't working?
15 Second Videos
Khatya Albano LMFT
Krissy Thomas
Nadeshda Hernandez
Anna Consla
Noemi Fernandez
Michael Leone-Aldrich
Claudia Williams
Kathaleen (Kathy) Reagan
Julia Craddolph
Laurel Lass
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807 (Online Only)
I am excited about clients who want to enrich both their inner and outer lives. You may find yourself at times confused, angry, depressed, or anxious, when what you want is greater clarity, more joy and happiness, and greater peace of mind both in relationship to self and others. I use Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) in my work with clients to tap into their own deep knowing and healing nature, which sometimes gets buried deep within. With music and imagery, a gentle recovery of self in initiated and stimulated. I love working with female adolescents, young college students, parents, and women of all ages.
I am excited about clients who want to enrich both their inner and outer lives. You may find yourself at times confused, angry, depressed, or anxious, when what you want is greater clarity, more joy and happiness, and greater peace of mind both in relationship to self and others. I use Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) in my work with clients to tap into their own deep knowing and healing nature, which sometimes gets buried deep within. With music and imagery, a gentle recovery of self in initiated and stimulated. I love working with female adolescents, young college students, parents, and women of all ages.
Megan Hartley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
Do you feel pulled in a million directions? Like no matter how hard you try it's just never enough? Did the Barbie movie make you cry? If you answered yes to any of these questions, I may be the therapist for you.
Do you feel pulled in a million directions? Like no matter how hard you try it's just never enough? Did the Barbie movie make you cry? If you answered yes to any of these questions, I may be the therapist for you.
Bailey Bronson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90815 (Online Only)
My aim as a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) has always been to empower my clients to grow emotionally and become the best versions of themselves that they can envision. In order to achieve this, I believe a balance between safety and discomfort is needed. My focus is to provide a supportive space to explore difficult and overwhelming aspects of life and being, while challenging you to step outside of your comfort zone when the time is right. My treatment style is a direct, semi- structured, and eclectic approach tailored individually to my clients needs.
My aim as a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) has always been to empower my clients to grow emotionally and become the best versions of themselves that they can envision. In order to achieve this, I believe a balance between safety and discomfort is needed. My focus is to provide a supportive space to explore difficult and overwhelming aspects of life and being, while challenging you to step outside of your comfort zone when the time is right. My treatment style is a direct, semi- structured, and eclectic approach tailored individually to my clients needs.
Elizabeth Valenti
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807 (Online Only)
Perhaps you don't feel like yourself anymore and even powerless, at times. In my practice, I guide you in creating an authentic relationship yourself. We focus on empowerment in your healing journey. We discover what is keeping you stuck, like thoughts of the past and anxiety about the future. I cultivate a safe and affirming environment for all who are willing to make changes. Let's honor your fears and hopes as you step into your next chapter.
Perhaps you don't feel like yourself anymore and even powerless, at times. In my practice, I guide you in creating an authentic relationship yourself. We focus on empowerment in your healing journey. We discover what is keeping you stuck, like thoughts of the past and anxiety about the future. I cultivate a safe and affirming environment for all who are willing to make changes. Let's honor your fears and hopes as you step into your next chapter.
Vanessa Sedano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
I work with a wide range of communities and take an individualized approach to care. Young adults on a quest for clarity amidst life's uncertainties. Individuals gracefully bridging the gap between two cultures and embracing their diverse identities. Couples desiring to dismantle destructive patterns, foster healthy communication, and nurture a profound and lasting bond. Individuals courageously confronting chronic pain and illness, seeking solace and healing. Caregivers wanting to unlearn harmful parenting styles and step away from dynamics that don’t serve them.
I work with a wide range of communities and take an individualized approach to care. Young adults on a quest for clarity amidst life's uncertainties. Individuals gracefully bridging the gap between two cultures and embracing their diverse identities. Couples desiring to dismantle destructive patterns, foster healthy communication, and nurture a profound and lasting bond. Individuals courageously confronting chronic pain and illness, seeking solace and healing. Caregivers wanting to unlearn harmful parenting styles and step away from dynamics that don’t serve them.
Jennifer Jiries
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90810 (Online Only)
My approach as a therapist is affirming, collaborative, strengths based, and tailored to each client I work with. I focus on providing a judgment-free zone so that clients have space and support to work on their personal goals. I hope to build a strong relationship with each client because I believe that a strong relationship is important to our ability to work together and helps to strengthen the client's ability to reach their goals. Therapy can sometimes be hard work and often means facing difficult experiences from our past. My hope is that I am providing a space where the client never feels alone in the process.
My approach as a therapist is affirming, collaborative, strengths based, and tailored to each client I work with. I focus on providing a judgment-free zone so that clients have space and support to work on their personal goals. I hope to build a strong relationship with each client because I believe that a strong relationship is important to our ability to work together and helps to strengthen the client's ability to reach their goals. Therapy can sometimes be hard work and often means facing difficult experiences from our past. My hope is that I am providing a space where the client never feels alone in the process.
Marilyn Kleist
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807
Have you experienced traumatic events that emotionally overwhelm you and hinder your relationships with family, friends, and coworkers? Do you do your best to enjoy your life and still feel defeated? Why not give yourself all the care and compassion you would give a friend in your situation? Let me be your collaborator. Come on in. I will be honored to join you in your journey of healing where you will learn to accept, love, and care for yourself.
Have you experienced traumatic events that emotionally overwhelm you and hinder your relationships with family, friends, and coworkers? Do you do your best to enjoy your life and still feel defeated? Why not give yourself all the care and compassion you would give a friend in your situation? Let me be your collaborator. Come on in. I will be honored to join you in your journey of healing where you will learn to accept, love, and care for yourself.
Jessica Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90807 (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes it doesn't simply "go away". Sometimes you physically feel it in your body, you notice it in the way you carry yourself, you question why something that once had no emotional charge for you, bothers you down to your core today. Are you struggling with managing difficult emotions? Maybe unhelpful thoughts consume your day to day life. I have success working with individuals ranging from teen to the aging population, in areas including but not limited to anxiety and depression management, posttraumatic stress, self esteem issues, and difficulty adjusting to life transitions
Sometimes it doesn't simply "go away". Sometimes you physically feel it in your body, you notice it in the way you carry yourself, you question why something that once had no emotional charge for you, bothers you down to your core today. Are you struggling with managing difficult emotions? Maybe unhelpful thoughts consume your day to day life. I have success working with individuals ranging from teen to the aging population, in areas including but not limited to anxiety and depression management, posttraumatic stress, self esteem issues, and difficulty adjusting to life transitions
Alexandra Sandoval
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA 90822 (Online Only)
Do you find yourself holding back instead of expressing yourself with close ones? Do you punish yourself when things don't go your way? Do you fixate on your flaws and speak meanly to yourself? You may know what it is you "have to do" in order to take better care of yourself, but what you really need is to learn how to truly allow your emotions to exist and process them with loving awareness. I'd like for us to be able to do that together.
Do you find yourself holding back instead of expressing yourself with close ones? Do you punish yourself when things don't go your way? Do you fixate on your flaws and speak meanly to yourself? You may know what it is you "have to do" in order to take better care of yourself, but what you really need is to learn how to truly allow your emotions to exist and process them with loving awareness. I'd like for us to be able to do that together.
See more therapy options for Californial Heights, Long Beach
Nearby Searches for Californial Heights, Long Beach
- Airport Area
- Bixby Area
- Bixby Knolls
- Circle Area
- City Of Signal Hill
- Downtown
- Lakewood Village
- Los Cerritos Area
- North Long Beach
- Poly High District
- West Side
- Wrigley
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA
30+
Average cost per session
$175
Therapists in Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA who prioritize treating:
90% | Anxiety |
87% | Depression |
84% | Trauma and PTSD |
77% | Coping Skills |
74% | Relationship Issues |
71% | Self Esteem |
71% | Women's Issues |
Average years in practice
9 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
74% | Aetna |
63% | Cigna and Evernorth |
53% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
How Therapists in Californial Heights, Long Beach, CA see their clients
51% | Online Only | |
49% | In Person and Online |
Gender breakdown
90% | Female | |
10% | Male |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Californial Heights, Long Beach?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.