Therapists in Laguna Beach, CA

Photo of Joy Zembruski, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Joy Zembruski
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Joy Zembruski is a licensed marriage and family therapist (LMFT 129403) and professional clinical counselor (LPCC 11600) fortunate to be based in the beautiful costal towns of Southern California. Joy's practice, TherapyJoyZ offers client-centered therapy specializing in the treatment of anxiety, depression, addictions, and cultural adaptation through the therapeutic tools of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Experience with diverse populations of all ages.
Joy Zembruski is a licensed marriage and family therapist (LMFT 129403) and professional clinical counselor (LPCC 11600) fortunate to be based in the beautiful costal towns of Southern California. Joy's practice, TherapyJoyZ offers client-centered therapy specializing in the treatment of anxiety, depression, addictions, and cultural adaptation through the therapeutic tools of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Experience with diverse populations of all ages.
(323) 673-2672 View (323) 673-2672
Photo of Erika Foroutan, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Erika Foroutan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I am very passionate about working with adolescents and their families! This is such a crucial time in our brain's development, and my goal in therapy is to assist my client's and their parents in learning how to manage the complexities of this dynamic period of life. Teenage years are a time of rapid growth and desire for autonomy. This can be very disruptive to the family system without the proper tools to manage the overwhelming emotions that adolescence is infamously known for, and unfortuantely some teens turn to unhelpful coping tools to avoid discomfort and stress.
I am very passionate about working with adolescents and their families! This is such a crucial time in our brain's development, and my goal in therapy is to assist my client's and their parents in learning how to manage the complexities of this dynamic period of life. Teenage years are a time of rapid growth and desire for autonomy. This can be very disruptive to the family system without the proper tools to manage the overwhelming emotions that adolescence is infamously known for, and unfortuantely some teens turn to unhelpful coping tools to avoid discomfort and stress.
(213) 292-5354 View (213) 292-5354
Photo of Parisa Gallinger, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Parisa Gallinger
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Parisa Gallinger, Psy.D., LMFT I hold a doctorate in psychology and am certified by the California Board as a marriage and family therapist working with individuals, families, and couples. My mission is to create a supportive space where we can face fears with compassion, courageously embrace openness, and find relief in human connections. Our sense of identity can be in crisis due to the burdensome societal expectations placed on us.
Parisa Gallinger, Psy.D., LMFT I hold a doctorate in psychology and am certified by the California Board as a marriage and family therapist working with individuals, families, and couples. My mission is to create a supportive space where we can face fears with compassion, courageously embrace openness, and find relief in human connections. Our sense of identity can be in crisis due to the burdensome societal expectations placed on us.
(949) 867-4576 View (949) 867-4576
Photo of Becky Black, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Becky Black
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Hi, my name is Becky Black, my MFT license number is 36620; I am also a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist my registration number is 709236. Simply stated I have an eclectic therapeutic approach. My focused areas of practice include food, weight and body image. I typically work with individual adults of all ages. I have a passion for working with those with non-hunger eating, stress eating, emotional eating, and body image issues.
Hi, my name is Becky Black, my MFT license number is 36620; I am also a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist my registration number is 709236. Simply stated I have an eclectic therapeutic approach. My focused areas of practice include food, weight and body image. I typically work with individual adults of all ages. I have a passion for working with those with non-hunger eating, stress eating, emotional eating, and body image issues.
(916) 237-9851 View (916) 237-9851
Photo of Kirk Michael Andrews, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Kirk Michael Andrews
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) who specializes in anxiety, depression, trauma, addiction and bereavement. I work with individuals, couples, families and children. I have been licensed as an LMFT for 29 years. I appreciate how difficult it is to seek help and will treat you with respect, dignity and the highest ethical standards. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR, The Pragmatic Experiential Method of couples counseling, and the tracking of non-verbal cues and communication.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) who specializes in anxiety, depression, trauma, addiction and bereavement. I work with individuals, couples, families and children. I have been licensed as an LMFT for 29 years. I appreciate how difficult it is to seek help and will treat you with respect, dignity and the highest ethical standards. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR, The Pragmatic Experiential Method of couples counseling, and the tracking of non-verbal cues and communication.
(949) 347-5468 View (949) 347-5468
Photo of Darlene Violas, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Darlene Violas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
As a warm and compassionate therapist, my dedication lies in supporting others in navigating their challenges. I believe in open and honest communication, creating a safe space where you can freely express yourself without judgement. Together, we can explore your emotions, behaviors, and thought patterns, gaining valuable insights that lead to personal growth and self-awareness. I provide practical tools and techniques to help you manage stress effectively, enabling you to live a more fulfilling and balanced life. My goal is to empower you to overcome obstacles, build resilience, and cultivate a positive mindset.
As a warm and compassionate therapist, my dedication lies in supporting others in navigating their challenges. I believe in open and honest communication, creating a safe space where you can freely express yourself without judgement. Together, we can explore your emotions, behaviors, and thought patterns, gaining valuable insights that lead to personal growth and self-awareness. I provide practical tools and techniques to help you manage stress effectively, enabling you to live a more fulfilling and balanced life. My goal is to empower you to overcome obstacles, build resilience, and cultivate a positive mindset.
(949) 541-0272 View (949) 541-0272
Photo of Austin Whitman, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Austin Whitman
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the pressures of daily life, struggling with anxiety, self-doubt, or depression? Do you feel disconnected from your true self or uncertain about your future? Would you like to understand your emotions better, heal from past experiences, and develop healthier coping strategies so you can live with more purpose, confidence, and clarity? If so, I am here to help! You don't have to face life's challenges alone.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the pressures of daily life, struggling with anxiety, self-doubt, or depression? Do you feel disconnected from your true self or uncertain about your future? Would you like to understand your emotions better, heal from past experiences, and develop healthier coping strategies so you can live with more purpose, confidence, and clarity? If so, I am here to help! You don't have to face life's challenges alone.
(949) 899-6048 View (949) 899-6048
Photo of Dr. Jocelyn Pijpaert - JP Family Therapy / Dr. Jocelyn Pijpaert, PhD,LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
JP Family Therapy / Dr. Jocelyn Pijpaert, PhD,LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
I have a deep dedication to supporting others & my passion for this work keeps me grounded. Therapy is about combining expertise with authenticity, creating an environment where healing & growth happen naturally inspiring change. I strive to be approachable, sincere & relatable. The TCT method is my couples therapy modality home and it's the most moving form of couples therapy I've encountered. I'm a strong proponent & cheerleader of this modality having seen so much growth in my work with couples. Because of this modality all participating members in TCT (therapist and clients) encounter the felt experience of love.
I have a deep dedication to supporting others & my passion for this work keeps me grounded. Therapy is about combining expertise with authenticity, creating an environment where healing & growth happen naturally inspiring change. I strive to be approachable, sincere & relatable. The TCT method is my couples therapy modality home and it's the most moving form of couples therapy I've encountered. I'm a strong proponent & cheerleader of this modality having seen so much growth in my work with couples. Because of this modality all participating members in TCT (therapist and clients) encounter the felt experience of love.
(949) 801-6744 View (949) 801-6744
Photo of Melissa Smith - Ceano Health, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Ceano Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
Ceano Health is a seamless integration of elite behavioral health providers and former intelligence operators designed to serve our mission of "alleviating human pain and suffering" through our therapeutic, intervention, and safety services. Our lines of service have been developed to support organizations, families, and individuals in providing proactive solutions for complex human problems. Our strategic and highly confidential service offerings have been developed to create emotional, spiritual, psychological, and structural safety so that deep therapeutic work can occur.
Ceano Health is a seamless integration of elite behavioral health providers and former intelligence operators designed to serve our mission of "alleviating human pain and suffering" through our therapeutic, intervention, and safety services. Our lines of service have been developed to support organizations, families, and individuals in providing proactive solutions for complex human problems. Our strategic and highly confidential service offerings have been developed to create emotional, spiritual, psychological, and structural safety so that deep therapeutic work can occur.
(949) 635-7351 View (949) 635-7351
Photo of Macayla Meyers, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT
Macayla Meyers
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
Are racing thoughts keeping you up night? Tired of ER visits from panic attacks? Struggling to focus or pay attention? Feeling overwhelmed in crowds? Overall lack of motivation or energy? Do your emotions feel like a rollercoaster? Spending more time on hold or waitlists instead of getting the card you need? Take the first step and Book a consultation today - leave the rest up to us! Every client gets a personal concierge and other exclusive benefits. Schedule to learn more. All inclusive mental health and primary care. Appointments available 7 days per week for returning clients. Every client gets a personal concierge.
Are racing thoughts keeping you up night? Tired of ER visits from panic attacks? Struggling to focus or pay attention? Feeling overwhelmed in crowds? Overall lack of motivation or energy? Do your emotions feel like a rollercoaster? Spending more time on hold or waitlists instead of getting the card you need? Take the first step and Book a consultation today - leave the rest up to us! Every client gets a personal concierge and other exclusive benefits. Schedule to learn more. All inclusive mental health and primary care. Appointments available 7 days per week for returning clients. Every client gets a personal concierge.
(949) 776-8428 View (949) 776-8428
Photo of Corinne Hardisty, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Corinne Hardisty
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Corinne Hardisty is a highly experienced and compassionate Marriage and Family Therapist, with over a decade of dedication to helping individuals and families navigate the challenges of severe and Her extensive experience within Los Angeles County diversion and reentry programs has equipped her with a unique understanding and skill set to assist her clients.
Corinne Hardisty is a highly experienced and compassionate Marriage and Family Therapist, with over a decade of dedication to helping individuals and families navigate the challenges of severe and Her extensive experience within Los Angeles County diversion and reentry programs has equipped her with a unique understanding and skill set to assist her clients.
(949) 710-3824 View (949) 710-3824
Photo of Michele Hall, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Michele Hall
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
Life can be tough and struggling through challenges alone can be even tougher. You may be experiencing high levels of stress, depression or anxiety. You may even be suffering from panic attacks. There is hope, however, and EMDR therapy can help identify unwanted patterns, triggers and behaviors in order to create positive change. We do not have to be defined by our negative experiences or past traumas. We all have the power within us to make positive changes in our lives and I want to help you do just that! I am also a certified Bikram Yoga instructor and truly believe in the importance of the Mind/Body connection.
Life can be tough and struggling through challenges alone can be even tougher. You may be experiencing high levels of stress, depression or anxiety. You may even be suffering from panic attacks. There is hope, however, and EMDR therapy can help identify unwanted patterns, triggers and behaviors in order to create positive change. We do not have to be defined by our negative experiences or past traumas. We all have the power within us to make positive changes in our lives and I want to help you do just that! I am also a certified Bikram Yoga instructor and truly believe in the importance of the Mind/Body connection.
(949) 541-7771 View (949) 541-7771
Photo of Samantha Simmons, Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
Samantha Simmons
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Samantha is an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about helping people create healthier relationships with themselves and others. She works with individuals, couples, and families to navigate life’s challenges using a warm, down-to-earth approach. She is able to provide support for managing stress, improving communication, or working through tough transitions.
Samantha is an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about helping people create healthier relationships with themselves and others. She works with individuals, couples, and families to navigate life’s challenges using a warm, down-to-earth approach. She is able to provide support for managing stress, improving communication, or working through tough transitions.
(949) 919-5990 View (949) 919-5990
Photo of Katie MacGillivray, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Katie MacGillivray
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
In my work as a therapist, I approach meeting with individuals primarily from a client-centered and humanistic approach, utilizing the therapeutic relationship as a safe space for growth. Connecting with clients is my top priority as I work with individuals striving for higher levels of fulfillment and happiness. I work primarily with women, and have an interest in helping each client grow the connections in her life, identify what she truly wants and solidify a genuine sense of trust in herself.
In my work as a therapist, I approach meeting with individuals primarily from a client-centered and humanistic approach, utilizing the therapeutic relationship as a safe space for growth. Connecting with clients is my top priority as I work with individuals striving for higher levels of fulfillment and happiness. I work primarily with women, and have an interest in helping each client grow the connections in her life, identify what she truly wants and solidify a genuine sense of trust in herself.
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Photo of Dr. Catherin Snyder, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Catherin Snyder
Psychologist, PsyD
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
In person and virtual appointments are available for patients/clients seeking treatment for insomnia, anxiety, ocd, mood, sleep, relational, work, school, mild to moderate substance use, trauma, personality, health, and other life concerns/struggles. Patients/clients seeking a depth approach to understanding their EGO Self and Interpersonal Relational dynamics as 'symptoms' emerging from early developmental, unconscious patterns expressed in transference re-enactments, and EGO defense mechanisms (i.e., Symptoms or Character Issues) impacting 'Current Reality'. SELF/OTHER Compassion and Empathy is Key to Discovery and Change!
In person and virtual appointments are available for patients/clients seeking treatment for insomnia, anxiety, ocd, mood, sleep, relational, work, school, mild to moderate substance use, trauma, personality, health, and other life concerns/struggles. Patients/clients seeking a depth approach to understanding their EGO Self and Interpersonal Relational dynamics as 'symptoms' emerging from early developmental, unconscious patterns expressed in transference re-enactments, and EGO defense mechanisms (i.e., Symptoms or Character Issues) impacting 'Current Reality'. SELF/OTHER Compassion and Empathy is Key to Discovery and Change!
(844) 722-0252 View (844) 722-0252
Photo of Robin Mason - RMC Consulting, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
RMC Consulting
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Online Only
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) specializing in solution-focused brief therapy, I am committed to offering effective and timely support for individuals dealing with a range of challenges, including complicated mental health issues and non-comorbidities. My approach is designed to address a variety of concerns while still maintaining a focus on practical and solution-oriented strategies. I recognize that some individuals may be facing more complex mental health challenges, and my therapeutic approach is inclusive and adaptable to a diverse range of issues.
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) specializing in solution-focused brief therapy, I am committed to offering effective and timely support for individuals dealing with a range of challenges, including complicated mental health issues and non-comorbidities. My approach is designed to address a variety of concerns while still maintaining a focus on practical and solution-oriented strategies. I recognize that some individuals may be facing more complex mental health challenges, and my therapeutic approach is inclusive and adaptable to a diverse range of issues.
(949) 390-6529 View (949) 390-6529
Photo of Mary Herzog, Psychologist, PhD
Mary Herzog
Psychologist, PhD
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
I am a licensed psychologist whose research and practice in dance, education, and psychology support my innovative use of the most effective and empirically based treatment strategies. From your first appointment, my goal is to help you figure out your current obstacles and how to get past them. I will listen carefully to your concerns, ask a few questions and then try to provide an accurate and compassionate summary of my understanding of your situation. I will offer some treatment options and give you a sense of how we might work together so you can move forward in your life.
I am a licensed psychologist whose research and practice in dance, education, and psychology support my innovative use of the most effective and empirically based treatment strategies. From your first appointment, my goal is to help you figure out your current obstacles and how to get past them. I will listen carefully to your concerns, ask a few questions and then try to provide an accurate and compassionate summary of my understanding of your situation. I will offer some treatment options and give you a sense of how we might work together so you can move forward in your life.
(949) 910-9344 View (949) 910-9344
Photo of Fabrice Paracuellos, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Fabrice Paracuellos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Laguna Beach, CA 92651
I specialize in emotions, relationships, self-esteem, and culture. I bring a warm approach to therapy, one informed by my experiences in Europe and Asia. I also supervise therapists in training. I became a therapist after discovering the meaning of fatherhood. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I integrate approaches that provide empathy, help regulate the nervous system, and deepen self-awareness. These bring direct relief with regards to the immediate stress associated with current issue(s) and long-term support with self-esteem, empowerment, quality of relationship, and meaning.
I specialize in emotions, relationships, self-esteem, and culture. I bring a warm approach to therapy, one informed by my experiences in Europe and Asia. I also supervise therapists in training. I became a therapist after discovering the meaning of fatherhood. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I integrate approaches that provide empathy, help regulate the nervous system, and deepen self-awareness. These bring direct relief with regards to the immediate stress associated with current issue(s) and long-term support with self-esteem, empowerment, quality of relationship, and meaning.
(818) 536-7983 View (818) 536-7983
Photo of Caitlin Weber, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Caitlin Weber
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Hi there, I’m glad you’re here! My name is Caitlin, and I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) who works with high-functioning young women and emerging adults navigating anxiety, stress, life transitions, relationship challenges, ADD/ADHD, and emotional health concerns related to hormonal imbalances, including PCOS. My approach is laid-back and grounded in holistic health, integrating traditional therapy with Wellness Coaching to help clients cultivate balance and build resilience.
Hi there, I’m glad you’re here! My name is Caitlin, and I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) who works with high-functioning young women and emerging adults navigating anxiety, stress, life transitions, relationship challenges, ADD/ADHD, and emotional health concerns related to hormonal imbalances, including PCOS. My approach is laid-back and grounded in holistic health, integrating traditional therapy with Wellness Coaching to help clients cultivate balance and build resilience.
(949) 577-6416 View (949) 577-6416
Photo of Kacee Wheeler, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Kacee Wheeler
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Kacee is a compassionate and affirming therapist that has earned a master’s degree in marriage and family with a specialization in LGBTQIA+ and trauma, she has been dedicated to creating a safe, nonjudgmental space for individuals, couples, and families to explore their emotions and relationships. With a deep understanding of the complexities of human connection, she helps clients navigate personal and interpersonal challenges with empathy and support. Kacee is particularly skilled at addressing the needs of LGBTQIA+ clients, ensuring that their unique experiences are honored and respected.
Kacee is a compassionate and affirming therapist that has earned a master’s degree in marriage and family with a specialization in LGBTQIA+ and trauma, she has been dedicated to creating a safe, nonjudgmental space for individuals, couples, and families to explore their emotions and relationships. With a deep understanding of the complexities of human connection, she helps clients navigate personal and interpersonal challenges with empathy and support. Kacee is particularly skilled at addressing the needs of LGBTQIA+ clients, ensuring that their unique experiences are honored and respected.
(949) 782-7476 View (949) 782-7476

See more therapy options for Laguna Beach

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Laguna Beach, CA

300+

Average cost per session

$191

Therapists in Laguna Beach, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
68% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD
62% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
58% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Laguna Beach, CA see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Laguna Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.