Therapists in Oakland, CA

View neighborhoods in Oakland
Photo of Darius L Taylor, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Darius L Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94607  (Online Only)
Therapy is difficult enough without having to deal with stigma and a lack of understanding from your mental healthcare provider. I aim to meet my clients where they're at, supporting them with a warm, empathic, non-judgmental approach and delivering on functional and tangible strategies to navigate the myriad of challenges that life throws at them.
Therapy is difficult enough without having to deal with stigma and a lack of understanding from your mental healthcare provider. I aim to meet my clients where they're at, supporting them with a warm, empathic, non-judgmental approach and delivering on functional and tangible strategies to navigate the myriad of challenges that life throws at them.
(415) 216-0383 View (415) 216-0383
Photo of Diane Cohen, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Diane Cohen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
I am a highly trained clinical and consulting psychologist working in the field of psychotherapy for 30 years. I specialize in psychodynamic psychotherapy and provide long term and brief counseling services. I am experienced with adults, adolescents, couples and families struggling with a variety of emotional issues. Specialties include relational psychology and a multi-dimensional approach to finding solutions to life's difficulties. Areas of expertise include; depression, anxiety, impostor syndrome, and adjustment to life-transitions. I have also done extensive work and research in addictions and eating disorders/body image.
I am a highly trained clinical and consulting psychologist working in the field of psychotherapy for 30 years. I specialize in psychodynamic psychotherapy and provide long term and brief counseling services. I am experienced with adults, adolescents, couples and families struggling with a variety of emotional issues. Specialties include relational psychology and a multi-dimensional approach to finding solutions to life's difficulties. Areas of expertise include; depression, anxiety, impostor syndrome, and adjustment to life-transitions. I have also done extensive work and research in addictions and eating disorders/body image.
(510) 573-7108 View (510) 573-7108
Photo of Kristine Karaca, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Kristine Karaca
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
The decision to pursue therapy is often not an easy one. However, in working with a therapist, most people find a sense of relief that comes with learning that change is possible. Whether your concerns are long-standing patterns or new adjustments, through collaborative exploration within a therapeutic relationship, new ways of relating and coping can develop.
The decision to pursue therapy is often not an easy one. However, in working with a therapist, most people find a sense of relief that comes with learning that change is possible. Whether your concerns are long-standing patterns or new adjustments, through collaborative exploration within a therapeutic relationship, new ways of relating and coping can develop.
(510) 694-1044 View (510) 694-1044
Photo of Kente L Wiggins, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Kente L Wiggins
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Even on your worst day I want you to be able to move forward. Through my own healing process, I realized the importance of having unbiased feedback. It allows you to ask the big questions- what does it all mean, what is self love, how does trauma get healed, who is the right person to help me figure it out? Sometime healing is best served and understood by someone who identifies with the same cultural representation as you.
Even on your worst day I want you to be able to move forward. Through my own healing process, I realized the importance of having unbiased feedback. It allows you to ask the big questions- what does it all mean, what is self love, how does trauma get healed, who is the right person to help me figure it out? Sometime healing is best served and understood by someone who identifies with the same cultural representation as you.
(510) 240-8672 View (510) 240-8672
Photo of Terese (Tess) Louise Roholt, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Terese (Tess) Louise Roholt
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Whether you are going through some difficult life transitions, are bogged down by stress, feelings of loneliness, are in a process of recovery and/or have experienced significant trauma, my therapy approach will support you in unpacking difficult emotions and restore a deeper connection to yourself, others and the world. I specialize in helping teens and their parents find hope and connection, as well as individuals of any age, who’ve struggled with self harm or any other maladaptive coping skill.
Whether you are going through some difficult life transitions, are bogged down by stress, feelings of loneliness, are in a process of recovery and/or have experienced significant trauma, my therapy approach will support you in unpacking difficult emotions and restore a deeper connection to yourself, others and the world. I specialize in helping teens and their parents find hope and connection, as well as individuals of any age, who’ve struggled with self harm or any other maladaptive coping skill.
(510) 240-8978 View (510) 240-8978
Photo of Camille Martin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Camille Martin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I use an eclectic style that I have formed over many years of working with adults and children experiencing health traumas and family transitions through foster care, etc. I often start with crisis intervention and prioritize starting where the client is. I provide feedback and suggestions and motivational interviewing. I also have experience working with harm reduction models for substance abuse intervention. I often use Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) to help clients with self-esteem, shame, and PTSD symptoms.
I use an eclectic style that I have formed over many years of working with adults and children experiencing health traumas and family transitions through foster care, etc. I often start with crisis intervention and prioritize starting where the client is. I provide feedback and suggestions and motivational interviewing. I also have experience working with harm reduction models for substance abuse intervention. I often use Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) to help clients with self-esteem, shame, and PTSD symptoms.
(510) 662-6203 View (510) 662-6203
Photo of Ana Batan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Ana Batan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94601
Hello, my name is Ana Batan, LMFT. I have extensive experience in working with adults, couples, children, and families who have suffered a traumatic event, dealing with anxiety and or depression, relationship issues, stress, mood issues, or any other areas/issues that disrupt your daily life. If you are at a point where you, or someone you know, may benefit from having a non-biased, nonjudgmental therapist with fresh views and guidance, feel free to contact me. I believe treatment should be a collaboration that includes your values, the latest research, and my long-term experience in the field.
Hello, my name is Ana Batan, LMFT. I have extensive experience in working with adults, couples, children, and families who have suffered a traumatic event, dealing with anxiety and or depression, relationship issues, stress, mood issues, or any other areas/issues that disrupt your daily life. If you are at a point where you, or someone you know, may benefit from having a non-biased, nonjudgmental therapist with fresh views and guidance, feel free to contact me. I believe treatment should be a collaboration that includes your values, the latest research, and my long-term experience in the field.
(510) 726-0593 View (510) 726-0593
Photo of Janine Heisler, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Janine Heisler
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94619  (Online Only)
When people are stuck at critical life crossroads they sometimes need a clear sounding board. I help clients think through important decisions and make choices that let them move forward. Much of my work has centered on relationship conflicts, life transitions, depression, anxiety, parenting, and assertiveness development. I ultimately assist clients in leading authentic lives of their choosing.
When people are stuck at critical life crossroads they sometimes need a clear sounding board. I help clients think through important decisions and make choices that let them move forward. Much of my work has centered on relationship conflicts, life transitions, depression, anxiety, parenting, and assertiveness development. I ultimately assist clients in leading authentic lives of their choosing.
(415) 997-5098 View (415) 997-5098
Photo of Jeremy Graves, Registered Psychological Associate in Oakland, CA
Jeremy Graves
Registered Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
My style as a clinician is warm, caring, thoughtful, and engaged. I aim to help you make sense of your experience in a way that is both meaningful and healing, given your unique identities. Therapy takes courage, asking us to explore the parts of ourselves that make us feel afraid, ashamed, or unlovable. Gradually, we develop the capacity to be intimate with ourselves, and only then can we truly feel comfortable with others. We may discover an inner strength we never knew was possible.
My style as a clinician is warm, caring, thoughtful, and engaged. I aim to help you make sense of your experience in a way that is both meaningful and healing, given your unique identities. Therapy takes courage, asking us to explore the parts of ourselves that make us feel afraid, ashamed, or unlovable. Gradually, we develop the capacity to be intimate with ourselves, and only then can we truly feel comfortable with others. We may discover an inner strength we never knew was possible.
(510) 617-5305 View (510) 617-5305
Photo of Claudius Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Claudius Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Not accepting new clients
Sorry, I’m not taking on new clients. Congratulations, you found a compassionate and affirming therapist. As you're reading this I understand it maybe with some degree of ambivalence. To that end, my immediate goal is to connect and reflect with you in ways that are safe, respectful and trusting. Only then can we have a meaningful, therapeutic-relationship that's open to collaboration, exploration, and revelation. This is where we "Make the road as we walk it", and I champion your journey, where ever it leads. I value the creative and growth potential of every human being. How can I best support you?
Sorry, I’m not taking on new clients. Congratulations, you found a compassionate and affirming therapist. As you're reading this I understand it maybe with some degree of ambivalence. To that end, my immediate goal is to connect and reflect with you in ways that are safe, respectful and trusting. Only then can we have a meaningful, therapeutic-relationship that's open to collaboration, exploration, and revelation. This is where we "Make the road as we walk it", and I champion your journey, where ever it leads. I value the creative and growth potential of every human being. How can I best support you?
(510) 306-1799 View (510) 306-1799
Photo of Tayyibah Chase, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Tayyibah Chase
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94619  (Online Only)
I offer clients a comfortable space to be their authentic selves in a world that often doesn't support authenticity. I believe in the importance of exploring the various aspects of our identities, both visible and invisible. We talk about the impacts of culture and relationships on your emotional well-being. Together we might explore relationship and attachment patterns and identify ways to make shifts. With a background in expressive arts therapy, I utilize creative approaches such as writing and drawing to process emotions. I also introduce practical skill building, so that you have tangible tools to walk away with.
I offer clients a comfortable space to be their authentic selves in a world that often doesn't support authenticity. I believe in the importance of exploring the various aspects of our identities, both visible and invisible. We talk about the impacts of culture and relationships on your emotional well-being. Together we might explore relationship and attachment patterns and identify ways to make shifts. With a background in expressive arts therapy, I utilize creative approaches such as writing and drawing to process emotions. I also introduce practical skill building, so that you have tangible tools to walk away with.
(510) 390-7486 View (510) 390-7486
Photo of Yvette Jackson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Yvette Jackson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, ICADCII
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
I value working with those who are faced with trauma, mental/emotional health problems, transitional issues, domestic violence, alcohol and other drugs (AOD). I invite the broken, the wounded, and despondent to share their pain and begin their healing journey. Connecting with my clients, while also respecting and honoring their willingness to share and seek help. My desire is to be a vehicle to facilitate the healing process.
I value working with those who are faced with trauma, mental/emotional health problems, transitional issues, domestic violence, alcohol and other drugs (AOD). I invite the broken, the wounded, and despondent to share their pain and begin their healing journey. Connecting with my clients, while also respecting and honoring their willingness to share and seek help. My desire is to be a vehicle to facilitate the healing process.
(510) 756-4034 View (510) 756-4034
Photo of James Wagner, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
James Wagner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Do you struggle with feeling like you belong? Are you carrying hurts and wounds from your family of origin or other close relationships? Do you wonder about your purpose and the meaning of your life? Or maybe you have worked hard on yourself throughout your life, but still struggle to connect with others or lead a life that has intention and meaning. I would be happy to meet with you and hear more about your situation and what you believe is blocking you. Together we can explore what holds you back and create a plan to engage your life in a way that feels more purpose driven and connected to your unique soul.
Do you struggle with feeling like you belong? Are you carrying hurts and wounds from your family of origin or other close relationships? Do you wonder about your purpose and the meaning of your life? Or maybe you have worked hard on yourself throughout your life, but still struggle to connect with others or lead a life that has intention and meaning. I would be happy to meet with you and hear more about your situation and what you believe is blocking you. Together we can explore what holds you back and create a plan to engage your life in a way that feels more purpose driven and connected to your unique soul.
(510) 930-3349 View (510) 930-3349
Photo of Evelynn Hernandez-Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Evelynn Hernandez-Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
You've been holding it together, and even holding it together for others too. You are great at figuring things out, but now find yourself feeling distracted and exhausted by all that you're doing, and self-doubt is getting bigger and bigger. Others may not notice that you're struggling, but on the inside, you know that this feeling is impacting your relationships, and you so want to be your best self for yourself and your loved ones. You want a space to untangle all of the thoughts and feelings you're having without feeling like a burden or like you're dumping it on a loved one.
You've been holding it together, and even holding it together for others too. You are great at figuring things out, but now find yourself feeling distracted and exhausted by all that you're doing, and self-doubt is getting bigger and bigger. Others may not notice that you're struggling, but on the inside, you know that this feeling is impacting your relationships, and you so want to be your best self for yourself and your loved ones. You want a space to untangle all of the thoughts and feelings you're having without feeling like a burden or like you're dumping it on a loved one.
(510) 681-2425 View (510) 681-2425
Photo of Sarwang Parikh, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sarwang Parikh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
I support my clients to cultivate awareness and capacity to unwind from unhealthy thought and behavior patterns. I do this by drawing on their innate strengths and resilience. Collaboratively we learn to navigate challenging emotions and life transitions to rediscover aliveness, power, joy, purpose, care and a sense of connection. I bring dynamic qualities including curiosity, creativity and warmth into sessions for growth towards wholeness. My approach is guided by mindful awareness, honest inquiry and deep compassion. I am grounded in social justice, recognizing how social-historical factors impact well-being. I believe healing is a journey towards liberation.
I support my clients to cultivate awareness and capacity to unwind from unhealthy thought and behavior patterns. I do this by drawing on their innate strengths and resilience. Collaboratively we learn to navigate challenging emotions and life transitions to rediscover aliveness, power, joy, purpose, care and a sense of connection. I bring dynamic qualities including curiosity, creativity and warmth into sessions for growth towards wholeness. My approach is guided by mindful awareness, honest inquiry and deep compassion. I am grounded in social justice, recognizing how social-historical factors impact well-being. I believe healing is a journey towards liberation.
(510) 944-1657 View (510) 944-1657
Photo of Eleanor Broh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Eleanor Broh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94601  (Online Only)
So many of us have been harmed by other people, by systems of oppression, and by experiences of collective trauma. These experiences disconnect us from ourselves and from each other, so that we may blame and attack ourselves, or lash out at those around us, or feel compelled to be perfect at the cost of our wellbeing, or numb our feelings, or feel always insecure and unsafe in relationships. People who work with me are curious, wanting to know more about how past experiences are showing up in their feelings, bodies, sense of self, behaviors, values, and relationships today.
So many of us have been harmed by other people, by systems of oppression, and by experiences of collective trauma. These experiences disconnect us from ourselves and from each other, so that we may blame and attack ourselves, or lash out at those around us, or feel compelled to be perfect at the cost of our wellbeing, or numb our feelings, or feel always insecure and unsafe in relationships. People who work with me are curious, wanting to know more about how past experiences are showing up in their feelings, bodies, sense of self, behaviors, values, and relationships today.
(510) 945-1464 View (510) 945-1464
Photo of Lyca Sedaka, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lyca Sedaka
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
Do you find yourself frequently frustrated and overwhelmed by tasks that appear effortless to others? Have you ever felt like you're constantly falling short of meeting the expectations and needs of those around you? Or do you have a thriving career but struggle to keep up with other areas of life? The ADHD mind is different in both frustrating and wonderful ways. Understanding these traits, along with your own unique strengths and challenges, is the key to unlocking the full life you desire.
Do you find yourself frequently frustrated and overwhelmed by tasks that appear effortless to others? Have you ever felt like you're constantly falling short of meeting the expectations and needs of those around you? Or do you have a thriving career but struggle to keep up with other areas of life? The ADHD mind is different in both frustrating and wonderful ways. Understanding these traits, along with your own unique strengths and challenges, is the key to unlocking the full life you desire.
(510) 319-2887 View (510) 319-2887
Photo of Cecilia Froberg, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cecilia Froberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
My main goal with providing therapy is for you to become free from the fears and secrets that might have brought you in. Many of us feel tormented by our anxieties and catastrophic thinking, which inevitably interferes with our relationships and ability to be the person we wish. Using an insight-oriented approach, I work with children and adults who often feel impending doom or have had a major trauma, such as early abandonment or sexual abuse in their life. I also see couples who struggle with common goals and intimacy.
My main goal with providing therapy is for you to become free from the fears and secrets that might have brought you in. Many of us feel tormented by our anxieties and catastrophic thinking, which inevitably interferes with our relationships and ability to be the person we wish. Using an insight-oriented approach, I work with children and adults who often feel impending doom or have had a major trauma, such as early abandonment or sexual abuse in their life. I also see couples who struggle with common goals and intimacy.
(510) 405-9799 View (510) 405-9799
Photo of Terri J Brenneman, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Terri J Brenneman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611
Clinical Psychologist providing mindfulness based psychotherapy for adults and late adolescents, specializing in stress reduction, ADHD, weight/health management, life transitions, anxiety, infertility, and premarital counseling. Also, conduct psychological assessments for bariatric surgery candidates, ADHD (adult and child), adoption, and clergy
Clinical Psychologist providing mindfulness based psychotherapy for adults and late adolescents, specializing in stress reduction, ADHD, weight/health management, life transitions, anxiety, infertility, and premarital counseling. Also, conduct psychological assessments for bariatric surgery candidates, ADHD (adult and child), adoption, and clergy
(510) 573-7350 View (510) 573-7350
Photo of Kristin Hirt, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Kristin Hirt
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with adult children of dysfunctional families of origin. I help folks who didn't receive emotional and psychological attunement from their parents as children, due to parental narcissism, trauma, substance abuse, and/ or mental illness, or due to abandonment, neglect, excessive criticism, and/ or abuse. I offer support with anxiety, finding one's voice, self-esteem, social anxiety, sensitivity, and life meaning, purpose, and transitions. I offer support in cultivating authentic connection and in healing struggles in relationships around assertiveness, boundaries, enmeshment, co-dependence, and isolation.
I specialize in working with adult children of dysfunctional families of origin. I help folks who didn't receive emotional and psychological attunement from their parents as children, due to parental narcissism, trauma, substance abuse, and/ or mental illness, or due to abandonment, neglect, excessive criticism, and/ or abuse. I offer support with anxiety, finding one's voice, self-esteem, social anxiety, sensitivity, and life meaning, purpose, and transitions. I offer support in cultivating authentic connection and in healing struggles in relationships around assertiveness, boundaries, enmeshment, co-dependence, and isolation.
(510) 872-2336 View (510) 872-2336

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.