Therapists in Columbia, MO

Photo of Tasca M. Tolson in Columbia, MO
Tasca M. Tolson
MEd, LPC, CADC, BIP, CTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Tasca Tolson believes in and utilizes strength-based and trauma informed perspectives when working with the individuals, couples, and families that she serves. One goal is to empower and educate to increase positive outcomes within a healing therapeutic environment. Tasca believes that clients should be treated with respect in order to promote success for the individuals with whom we work. Tasca has had more than a 15 years of experience working with individuals from various walks with specific training in substance abuse, domestic violence, trauma, and grief.
Tasca Tolson believes in and utilizes strength-based and trauma informed perspectives when working with the individuals, couples, and families that she serves. One goal is to empower and educate to increase positive outcomes within a healing therapeutic environment. Tasca believes that clients should be treated with respect in order to promote success for the individuals with whom we work. Tasca has had more than a 15 years of experience working with individuals from various walks with specific training in substance abuse, domestic violence, trauma, and grief.
(573) 282-7297 View (573) 282-7297
Photo of Human Dynamics, Inc., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Human Dynamics, Inc.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
Founded in 1984, Human Dynamics, Inc. is an association of independent practioners offering psychological services to individuals, couples, families, and children.  Each individual therapist brings a unique approach to his/her clients and has a diverse professional background.  
Founded in 1984, Human Dynamics, Inc. is an association of independent practioners offering psychological services to individuals, couples, families, and children.  Each individual therapist brings a unique approach to his/her clients and has a diverse professional background.  
(573) 535-5765 View (573) 535-5765
Photo of Shannon Abell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Columbia, MO
Shannon Abell
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC, MSCC, NCC, CGP
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
Through work with individuals aged teen through adulthood and couples in various differing relationships alike, I have developed expertise in areas like attachment, blended families, and depression and anxiety. I have a strong foundation as a caring and supportive counselor and aim to make a meaningful difference in people’s lives. I welcome the opportunity to have my skills challenged and strengthened through experiences and living life.
Through work with individuals aged teen through adulthood and couples in various differing relationships alike, I have developed expertise in areas like attachment, blended families, and depression and anxiety. I have a strong foundation as a caring and supportive counselor and aim to make a meaningful difference in people’s lives. I welcome the opportunity to have my skills challenged and strengthened through experiences and living life.
(573) 531-3636 View (573) 531-3636
Photo of Barbara J. Scott, Pre-Licensed Professional in Columbia, MO
Barbara J. Scott
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC, NCC, MSCC, CGP
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
Counseling is a wonderful investment in yourself and your relationships, but finding the right counselor is tough. I provide a safe space for clients to pause, reflect, feel, and find their way... Struggling with anxiety, relationship conflict/divorce, loneliness, grief, major life changes, or lingering issues from past trauma? I bring a depth of experience and professional training in communication, de-escalating & healing relationships, and trauma. I will bring an open, caring, inquisitive, and deeply compassionate presence to our time together. I'm here to sit with you—sometimes to challenge you—but always to really listen.
Counseling is a wonderful investment in yourself and your relationships, but finding the right counselor is tough. I provide a safe space for clients to pause, reflect, feel, and find their way... Struggling with anxiety, relationship conflict/divorce, loneliness, grief, major life changes, or lingering issues from past trauma? I bring a depth of experience and professional training in communication, de-escalating & healing relationships, and trauma. I will bring an open, caring, inquisitive, and deeply compassionate presence to our time together. I'm here to sit with you—sometimes to challenge you—but always to really listen.
(573) 515-2986 View (573) 515-2986
Photo of LifeArchitect Coaching, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
LifeArchitect Coaching
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAMFC, LPC, MBA
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65202
The world has only one YOU, and you were made to SHINE! Like an athletic coach, I apply my considerable training, experience, and creativity to help you carve out the steps to get from where you are to where you want to be, providing you support, accountability, and structure along the way. My ideal client is someone willing to do whatever it takes to become everything you are created to be. I provide life coaching to individuals, families, and organizations facing a variety of challenges both in the US and around the world via telephonic and web coaching.
The world has only one YOU, and you were made to SHINE! Like an athletic coach, I apply my considerable training, experience, and creativity to help you carve out the steps to get from where you are to where you want to be, providing you support, accountability, and structure along the way. My ideal client is someone willing to do whatever it takes to become everything you are created to be. I provide life coaching to individuals, families, and organizations facing a variety of challenges both in the US and around the world via telephonic and web coaching.
(816) 759-8210 View (816) 759-8210
Photo of Michael J Mayer, Psychologist in Columbia, MO
Michael J Mayer
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
I love working with all types of relationships. Life is about relationships with our parents, our significant other, our children, our co-workers, our friends and our higher power(our God)and any other person who affects our lives. My goal is to help you reach your goals in life. I can help you achieve this level of success. I work with individuals, families, couples and with workplace issues. I have been in practice for over 25 years and still find each person or situation challenging. Give me a call or e-mail. My goal is to touch your life in some positive way.
I love working with all types of relationships. Life is about relationships with our parents, our significant other, our children, our co-workers, our friends and our higher power(our God)and any other person who affects our lives. My goal is to help you reach your goals in life. I can help you achieve this level of success. I work with individuals, families, couples and with workplace issues. I have been in practice for over 25 years and still find each person or situation challenging. Give me a call or e-mail. My goal is to touch your life in some positive way.
(573) 246-0917 View (573) 246-0917
Photo of Quiet Waters Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Quiet Waters Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Welcome to Quiet Waters Counseling! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years experience working with individuals and couples weathering the storms of life. For the past 16 years I've been working with veterans and families here in the Columbia MO area. I specialize in assisting clients with issues such as addictions, PTSD, physical and sexual trauma, anxiety and depression. I utilize evidence based therapies coupled with compassion, empathy and encouragement to assist clients in their journey of healing.
Welcome to Quiet Waters Counseling! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years experience working with individuals and couples weathering the storms of life. For the past 16 years I've been working with veterans and families here in the Columbia MO area. I specialize in assisting clients with issues such as addictions, PTSD, physical and sexual trauma, anxiety and depression. I utilize evidence based therapies coupled with compassion, empathy and encouragement to assist clients in their journey of healing.
(573) 928-2766 View (573) 928-2766
Photo of Emily Barnes, Pre-Licensed Professional in Columbia, MO
Emily Barnes
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
College and entrance into adulthood is hard! You’re still figuring out who you are, what you want to do, and how you want to live. Maybe you find yourself struggling with friendships or dating relationships in ways you haven’t before. Or you might feel lost and confused about your identity and who you want to be. Maybe you’re realizing, potentially for the first time, that the way you grew up isn’t “normal” and isn’t what you actually needed or wanted. So many transitions and challenges are happening and you may feel ill-equipped to deal with them. Let me help you navigate the questions and obstacles you are currently facing.
College and entrance into adulthood is hard! You’re still figuring out who you are, what you want to do, and how you want to live. Maybe you find yourself struggling with friendships or dating relationships in ways you haven’t before. Or you might feel lost and confused about your identity and who you want to be. Maybe you’re realizing, potentially for the first time, that the way you grew up isn’t “normal” and isn’t what you actually needed or wanted. So many transitions and challenges are happening and you may feel ill-equipped to deal with them. Let me help you navigate the questions and obstacles you are currently facing.
(573) 538-3813 View (573) 538-3813
John Golden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65201
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker whose passion for helping others is exemplified in my ability to achieve outcomes for my clients. From my ability to connect with and engage young adults, to my experience working with the challenges that many of the elderly population face, I am able to affect change. I am grounded in a variety of approaches and will work with you to find the one that best suits your needs.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker whose passion for helping others is exemplified in my ability to achieve outcomes for my clients. From my ability to connect with and engage young adults, to my experience working with the challenges that many of the elderly population face, I am able to affect change. I am grounded in a variety of approaches and will work with you to find the one that best suits your needs.
(573) 999-6038 View (573) 999-6038
Photo of Lauren Ripley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Lauren Ripley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203  (Online Only)
I provide a genuine and authentic space to validate your feelings, and help you figure out what your strengths are, allowing us to use that to your advantage. Everyone goes through tough times and just because you may think that people have it 'worse' than you, doesn't discount your experiences. Life is complicated and difficult, the last thing anyone needs is any shame or pressure for struggling. You're stronger than you realize and I'll be here along side you to remind you!
I provide a genuine and authentic space to validate your feelings, and help you figure out what your strengths are, allowing us to use that to your advantage. Everyone goes through tough times and just because you may think that people have it 'worse' than you, doesn't discount your experiences. Life is complicated and difficult, the last thing anyone needs is any shame or pressure for struggling. You're stronger than you realize and I'll be here along side you to remind you!
(573) 570-3559 View (573) 570-3559
Photo of Tim Rudder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Tim Rudder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MGCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
If you feel you have lost steam dealing with anxiety or depression, or if you are an athlete losing your drive due to the demands of your sport, I'd like to talk with you about how we can overcome your struggles. As a therapist, I can help you understand important experiences in your life while coping with difficulties, such as stress, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, and substance use disorders. As a Mental Game Coaching Professional, I can help you uncover mindsets that lead to a loss in confidence, composure, focus and enjoyment, so that you thrive and have fun again.
If you feel you have lost steam dealing with anxiety or depression, or if you are an athlete losing your drive due to the demands of your sport, I'd like to talk with you about how we can overcome your struggles. As a therapist, I can help you understand important experiences in your life while coping with difficulties, such as stress, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, and substance use disorders. As a Mental Game Coaching Professional, I can help you uncover mindsets that lead to a loss in confidence, composure, focus and enjoyment, so that you thrive and have fun again.
(573) 375-9863 View (573) 375-9863
Photo of Andrew Taegel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Andrew Taegel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CRADC, MARS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
Are you feeling stuck? Has something happened that has left you feeling empty and exhausted? Do you feel like you're trapped in a cyclone of negative thoughts and fear? Do you feel like you can't just will yourself to "snap out of it?" Are you struggling to find meaning in your life? If you're feeling lost or defeated and you're having difficulty engaging with your own life, I'd like to to assist you in moving toward something meaningful. You can get unstuck and live the way you desire, and you don't have to try to get there alone.
Are you feeling stuck? Has something happened that has left you feeling empty and exhausted? Do you feel like you're trapped in a cyclone of negative thoughts and fear? Do you feel like you can't just will yourself to "snap out of it?" Are you struggling to find meaning in your life? If you're feeling lost or defeated and you're having difficulty engaging with your own life, I'd like to to assist you in moving toward something meaningful. You can get unstuck and live the way you desire, and you don't have to try to get there alone.
(573) 608-1256 View (573) 608-1256
Photo of Sarah Galatta, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Sarah Galatta
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Tried other therapies and not feeling quite satisfied? I like to use different modalities to help a client feel “unstuck”. I am skilled in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy. With both therapies I like to take an active approach in setting goals and working towards these goals in an empathic and effective way. We will be a team working towards the same goals of helping you live your best life from here forward!
Tried other therapies and not feeling quite satisfied? I like to use different modalities to help a client feel “unstuck”. I am skilled in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and certified in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy. With both therapies I like to take an active approach in setting goals and working towards these goals in an empathic and effective way. We will be a team working towards the same goals of helping you live your best life from here forward!
(573) 367-4952 View (573) 367-4952
Photo of Jessie Back, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Jessie Back
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
I have a true passion for working with older adults and caregivers. I have worked with this population both in residential and community settings. I also have experience working in substance abuse and with individuals living with chronic illness. I enjoy not only individual work, but also working with couples and families to initiate and maintain change within the family system. Some issues I commonly work with include: depression, grief and loss, spirituality, life review, caregiver stress, interpersonal relationship problems, and anxiety.
I have a true passion for working with older adults and caregivers. I have worked with this population both in residential and community settings. I also have experience working in substance abuse and with individuals living with chronic illness. I enjoy not only individual work, but also working with couples and families to initiate and maintain change within the family system. Some issues I commonly work with include: depression, grief and loss, spirituality, life review, caregiver stress, interpersonal relationship problems, and anxiety.
(573) 561-5022 x1015 View (573) 561-5022 x1015
Photo of Brian Bowles, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Brian Bowles
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
If you are caught in a rut or unsure how to get through a crisis in your life, working with me can be a spur to your personal growth. If your relationships are not where you want them to be, I can help you and your partner create the connection, understanding, and respect you want. If you've tried unsuccessfully to change a behavior, I can make a difference as someone with experience treating addictions and other compulsive behaviors. As a counselor, I can help you see what's getting in your way and learn what you can do to make the changes you want.
If you are caught in a rut or unsure how to get through a crisis in your life, working with me can be a spur to your personal growth. If your relationships are not where you want them to be, I can help you and your partner create the connection, understanding, and respect you want. If you've tried unsuccessfully to change a behavior, I can make a difference as someone with experience treating addictions and other compulsive behaviors. As a counselor, I can help you see what's getting in your way and learn what you can do to make the changes you want.
(573) 229-0763 View (573) 229-0763
Photo of Counseling and Psychological Services, LLC, Psychologist in Columbia, MO
Counseling and Psychological Services, LLC
Psychologist, EdD, LPHSP
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Treatment specialization includes: * Depression * Anxiety * Panic and phobias * Relationship issues * Couples * Parenting and family Issues * Health * Pain * Eating and body image * Grief and loss * GLBT * Work and career * Stress management * Family of origin issues * Post Traumatic Stress Disorder * Trauma and abuse * Sexual identity issues * Spiritual issues * Stage of life issues
Treatment specialization includes: * Depression * Anxiety * Panic and phobias * Relationship issues * Couples * Parenting and family Issues * Health * Pain * Eating and body image * Grief and loss * GLBT * Work and career * Stress management * Family of origin issues * Post Traumatic Stress Disorder * Trauma and abuse * Sexual identity issues * Spiritual issues * Stage of life issues
(573) 446-5034 x211 View (573) 446-5034 x211
Photo of Joshua C Hulen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Joshua C Hulen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203  (Online Only)
I offer individual counseling, mindfulness training, EMDR, and life coaching through video chatting. Common focus areas include: personal growth and development, career issues, lifestyle issues, assertive communication, self-esteem, ADHD, anger management, persistent mental health problems, addictions, trauma, and disability. I enjoy positive psychology and prefer to focus on solutions, strengths, and assets. I feel it is important to view each person from their unique cultural experience with a nonjudgmental stance. I believe in the biopsychosocial model and understand health and functioning as being systemic in nature.
I offer individual counseling, mindfulness training, EMDR, and life coaching through video chatting. Common focus areas include: personal growth and development, career issues, lifestyle issues, assertive communication, self-esteem, ADHD, anger management, persistent mental health problems, addictions, trauma, and disability. I enjoy positive psychology and prefer to focus on solutions, strengths, and assets. I feel it is important to view each person from their unique cultural experience with a nonjudgmental stance. I believe in the biopsychosocial model and understand health and functioning as being systemic in nature.
(573) 535-6961 View (573) 535-6961
Photo of Emily Tarby, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Emily Tarby
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65202  (Online Only)
ONLINE-only visits. Hi! If you’re ready to process life experiences, explore your thoughts and feels, and learn ways to cope with life’s stressors, then I’m your gal! My goal is to provide an unconditionally supportive, comfortable, and safe space for you to work through difficult thoughts and feelings. I want to help you feel confident enough to take charge of your change. Together, we’ll explore your emotions, change negative thinking and behaviors, and help you find relief with a variety of coping and relaxation techniques. I will provide exploration, challenge, encouragement, support, and guidance.
ONLINE-only visits. Hi! If you’re ready to process life experiences, explore your thoughts and feels, and learn ways to cope with life’s stressors, then I’m your gal! My goal is to provide an unconditionally supportive, comfortable, and safe space for you to work through difficult thoughts and feelings. I want to help you feel confident enough to take charge of your change. Together, we’ll explore your emotions, change negative thinking and behaviors, and help you find relief with a variety of coping and relaxation techniques. I will provide exploration, challenge, encouragement, support, and guidance.
(573) 367-5272 View (573) 367-5272
Photo of Anna Cox, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Anna Cox
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
If you know something needs to change, but feel lost and unsure of where to begin, you're not alone. Life can be challenging, and most people aren't given all the tools they need to be successful. It can leave you feeling emotionally overwhelmed and exhausted by everything you're trying to manage. I believe in the power of transformation and growth. My approach centers around helping you repair what's within your control and develop resilience against what isn't. Life's unpredictability can test us, but together, we'll work on building your inner strength and navigating all that comes your way.
If you know something needs to change, but feel lost and unsure of where to begin, you're not alone. Life can be challenging, and most people aren't given all the tools they need to be successful. It can leave you feeling emotionally overwhelmed and exhausted by everything you're trying to manage. I believe in the power of transformation and growth. My approach centers around helping you repair what's within your control and develop resilience against what isn't. Life's unpredictability can test us, but together, we'll work on building your inner strength and navigating all that comes your way.
(573) 549-3940 View (573) 549-3940
Photo of Kelly F Jackson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Kelly F Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
I have dedicated decades to helping others in one capacity or another and started my career as a nurse. I have training in numerous therapeutic interventions and strive for excellence in my work. I will work to provide you, your child and/or your family with the highest quality service in order to help you achieve your goals in therapy and in life. I will work with you in a way that builds on your strengths and potential, and challenges you to take your life to the next level.
I have dedicated decades to helping others in one capacity or another and started my career as a nurse. I have training in numerous therapeutic interventions and strive for excellence in my work. I will work to provide you, your child and/or your family with the highest quality service in order to help you achieve your goals in therapy and in life. I will work with you in a way that builds on your strengths and potential, and challenges you to take your life to the next level.
(573) 880-4468 View (573) 880-4468

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Columbia, MO

200+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Columbia, MO who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
71% Stress
69% Coping Skills
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% Aetna
69% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Columbia, MO see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Columbia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.