Existential Therapists in Vance County, NC
Catherine Carter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Henderson, NC 27536
As a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, I have worked with adults and children from diverse cultural backgrounds, gender differences, and mental health disorders such as Major Depression, Adjustment Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and various other mental health conditions. I am also a nationally certified Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapist, and an American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy Approved Supervisor. Feel free to visit me at drcarterlmft.com!
As a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, I have worked with adults and children from diverse cultural backgrounds, gender differences, and mental health disorders such as Major Depression, Adjustment Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and various other mental health conditions. I am also a nationally certified Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapist, and an American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy Approved Supervisor. Feel free to visit me at drcarterlmft.com!
Charis Wellness Counseling Center (Foundation)
DMin, MA, LMFT
Not Verified Not Verified
Henderson, NC 27536
Charis Foundation has two counseling therapeutic opportunities: 1.) Charis Counseling Wellness Center, a out patient service, is dedicated to providing non-judgmental treatment for Adults, Adolescents, Children, individuals, couples, and families. We are committed to non-biased assessment and treatment our clients, with respect to their cultural, ethnic, sexual, and religious difference, in an effort to gain insight, promote wellness and encourage healing and growth. 2.) Serenity Grace Farm is dedicated to equine therapy, Therapeutic Horseback Riding, and other horse riding activities. This works towards enhancing and improving physical, emotional, social, cognitive, behavioral and educational skills. Trail rides, party opportunities, special events for focus groups such as service groups, churches, civic organizations, and special needs are also part of the repertoire of therapeutic experiences available.
Charis Foundation has two counseling therapeutic opportunities: 1.) Charis Counseling Wellness Center, a out patient service, is dedicated to providing non-judgmental treatment for Adults, Adolescents, Children, individuals, couples, and families. We are committed to non-biased assessment and treatment our clients, with respect to their cultural, ethnic, sexual, and religious difference, in an effort to gain insight, promote wellness and encourage healing and growth. 2.) Serenity Grace Farm is dedicated to equine therapy, Therapeutic Horseback Riding, and other horse riding activities. This works towards enhancing and improving physical, emotional, social, cognitive, behavioral and educational skills. Trail rides, party opportunities, special events for focus groups such as service groups, churches, civic organizations, and special needs are also part of the repertoire of therapeutic experiences available.
Online Therapists
Healing Journey Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27609 (Online Only)
I blend together multiple therapy modalities including Psychodynamic Therapy and Existential Therapy to explore a range of issues including anxiety, depression and stress.
What does “healing” mean to you? Is it a one-time event or an ongoing process? Maybe for you it’s both or neither or more? How you define healing will be based on your needs, goals and experiences. I am passionate about providing culturally-sensitive and affirming care for clients who suffer from overwhelming emotions as a result of trauma, medical issues, violence, grief, and lack of acceptance from loved ones based on their identity. I bring over ten years of practice experience as a medical social worker, therapist, and community health advocate to my work with my clients.
I blend together multiple therapy modalities including Psychodynamic Therapy and Existential Therapy to explore a range of issues including anxiety, depression and stress.
What does “healing” mean to you? Is it a one-time event or an ongoing process? Maybe for you it’s both or neither or more? How you define healing will be based on your needs, goals and experiences. I am passionate about providing culturally-sensitive and affirming care for clients who suffer from overwhelming emotions as a result of trauma, medical issues, violence, grief, and lack of acceptance from loved ones based on their identity. I bring over ten years of practice experience as a medical social worker, therapist, and community health advocate to my work with my clients.
Claire Costello
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Raleigh, NC 27614 (Online Only)
I believe everyone deserves to feel acknowledged, understood, and supported in effecting desired changes in their lives. I work with adult individuals who are navigating transitional life periods, identity issues, processing existential questions, grief, and the end-of-life. I have a particular passion for working with queer, trans, monogamous individuals, and political activists and organizers.
I believe everyone deserves to feel acknowledged, understood, and supported in effecting desired changes in their lives. I work with adult individuals who are navigating transitional life periods, identity issues, processing existential questions, grief, and the end-of-life. I have a particular passion for working with queer, trans, monogamous individuals, and political activists and organizers.
Tiffany Ann Birt
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFTA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wake Forest, NC 27587
I have an eclectic style of conducting therapeutic services including: CBT, DBT, Narrative Therapy, Mindfulness, EFT and Existential Therapy.
“Im really glad you're here”, is a phrase you’ll hear often in my therapy room as I find it to be a true honor to be a part of my clients’ lives and I am grateful for the opportunity to be trusted to walk beside them on their therapeutic journey. During my last year of my studies I found my passion in working with adolescents, teens, adults, couples. I treat multiple areas of difficulty and challenge in my clients’ lives while providing a safe, trustful, and comfortable space to process together. I truly believe in collaborate work with my individuals and families to help them reach their full potential and healthiest selves.
I have an eclectic style of conducting therapeutic services including: CBT, DBT, Narrative Therapy, Mindfulness, EFT and Existential Therapy.
“Im really glad you're here”, is a phrase you’ll hear often in my therapy room as I find it to be a true honor to be a part of my clients’ lives and I am grateful for the opportunity to be trusted to walk beside them on their therapeutic journey. During my last year of my studies I found my passion in working with adolescents, teens, adults, couples. I treat multiple areas of difficulty and challenge in my clients’ lives while providing a safe, trustful, and comfortable space to process together. I truly believe in collaborate work with my individuals and families to help them reach their full potential and healthiest selves.
Anderson Psychotherapy, PLLC
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27703 (Online Only)
I primarily utilize Family Systems, Narrative, Feminist, DBT/CBT and Existential therapies to address concerns and create a balance of acceptance and change.
Grief, trauma and systemic oppression have increasingly become visible and universal experiences affecting individuals, couples, families and communities. I began my career working with the survivors of intimate partner violence and individuals/families grappling with cancer and death. These experiences have informed my practice working with individuals, couples and families dealing with loss, grief, trauma, anxiety/depression, major life changes, chronic illness, abuse and relational distress.
I primarily utilize Family Systems, Narrative, Feminist, DBT/CBT and Existential therapies to address concerns and create a balance of acceptance and change.
Grief, trauma and systemic oppression have increasingly become visible and universal experiences affecting individuals, couples, families and communities. I began my career working with the survivors of intimate partner violence and individuals/families grappling with cancer and death. These experiences have informed my practice working with individuals, couples and families dealing with loss, grief, trauma, anxiety/depression, major life changes, chronic illness, abuse and relational distress.
Edward Scott Warren
Counselor, PhD, LCMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Chapel Hill, NC 27517
Waitlist for new clients
My expertise consists of both depth (existential/psychodynamic) approaches along with cognitive behavioral techniques.
I provide evaluation, assessment, and counseling for individuals, couples, and groups addressing concerns with relationships and marriage, mood disorders (depression/mania), anxiety disorders, personality disorders, stress, trauma, communication, and personal growth. My specialized training and experience has also prepared me to work with artist's issues as well as philosophical/ethical concerns. Where appropriate, I collaborate with physicians, psychiatrists, and other providers to ensure the highest quality of care. I attempt to develop an empathic, understanding environment, characterized by equality and co-operation that may then facilitate the resolution of your concerns with my assistance. Please contact with any questions.
My expertise consists of both depth (existential/psychodynamic) approaches along with cognitive behavioral techniques.
I provide evaluation, assessment, and counseling for individuals, couples, and groups addressing concerns with relationships and marriage, mood disorders (depression/mania), anxiety disorders, personality disorders, stress, trauma, communication, and personal growth. My specialized training and experience has also prepared me to work with artist's issues as well as philosophical/ethical concerns. Where appropriate, I collaborate with physicians, psychiatrists, and other providers to ensure the highest quality of care. I attempt to develop an empathic, understanding environment, characterized by equality and co-operation that may then facilitate the resolution of your concerns with my assistance. Please contact with any questions.
Gilded Peace Counseling, PLLC
Counselor, MS, LCMHCA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Greensboro, NC 27408 (Online Only)
Sessions have a person-centered foundation and incorporate Narrative, Acceptance and Commitment, Somatic, Cognitive Behavioral + Mindfulness, and Existential therapies, as needed.
Gilded Peace Counseling is BIPOC owned/operated, LGBTQIA+ affirming, a supporter of the healthy at any size community, poly & ethical non-monogamy friendly, sex-positive, and kink-competent. GPC offers counseling for all walks of life and has specialized experience counseling clients with intergenerational trauma, sexual and/or religious trauma, chronic illnesses, and hidden disabilities. We are passionate about members of minority, marginalized, and divergent communities being heard and seen, as intersectionality should only make voices louder.
Sessions have a person-centered foundation and incorporate Narrative, Acceptance and Commitment, Somatic, Cognitive Behavioral + Mindfulness, and Existential therapies, as needed.
Gilded Peace Counseling is BIPOC owned/operated, LGBTQIA+ affirming, a supporter of the healthy at any size community, poly & ethical non-monogamy friendly, sex-positive, and kink-competent. GPC offers counseling for all walks of life and has specialized experience counseling clients with intergenerational trauma, sexual and/or religious trauma, chronic illnesses, and hidden disabilities. We are passionate about members of minority, marginalized, and divergent communities being heard and seen, as intersectionality should only make voices louder.
Erin Lewis
Counselor, MS, LCMHC, NCC, NARM MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cary, NC 27513
Erin is trained in the following modalities: NeuroAffective Relational Model (NARM), Internal Family Systems (IFS), mind-body/somatic interventions, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), existential theory and cognitive processing techniques.
Erin believes that all people need connection with others to be able to thrive. She operates from a multicultural perspective and strives to create an honest, empathetic, non-judgmental, and safe therapeutic environment. As an LCMHC & NARM Master Therapist, Erin has been trained in a wide array of modalities to help clients heal. Erin believes that every person is unique. Erin tailors the treatment modality to what the client best responds to. She believes in the long-standing research that supports treatments in mind-body/somatic therapy.
Erin is trained in the following modalities: NeuroAffective Relational Model (NARM), Internal Family Systems (IFS), mind-body/somatic interventions, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), existential theory and cognitive processing techniques.
Erin believes that all people need connection with others to be able to thrive. She operates from a multicultural perspective and strives to create an honest, empathetic, non-judgmental, and safe therapeutic environment. As an LCMHC & NARM Master Therapist, Erin has been trained in a wide array of modalities to help clients heal. Erin believes that every person is unique. Erin tailors the treatment modality to what the client best responds to. She believes in the long-standing research that supports treatments in mind-body/somatic therapy.
Mekayla Boswell
Counselor, LCMHCA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27609 (Online Only)
Mekayla uses a multi-modal approach that tends to encompass Person-Centered Therapy along with Existential Therapy, Attachment Therapy, and other influences tailored to each individual client’s needs. She is trained to help people from a variety of diverse backgrounds. Her focus is on the client’s overall wellness and giving them the tools they need to live their best quality of life.
Mekayla uses a multi-modal approach that tends to encompass Person-Centered Therapy along with Existential Therapy, Attachment Therapy, and other influences tailored to each individual client’s needs. She is trained to help people from a variety of diverse backgrounds. Her focus is on the client’s overall wellness and giving them the tools they need to live their best quality of life.
Richard Aab
Counselor
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27609 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work via telehealth and utilize existential and humanistic techniques within the specific modality of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), to help clients achieve their goals.
My ideal client is any adult looking to create change in their life by being willing to change how they relate to their internal thoughts and feelings. This has a wide application for individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, life transitions, interpersonal difficulties or just the stress of a post-pandemic world. I have a particular passion for working with those who have experienced developmental trauma and are looking for new ways to relate to themselves and their pasts.
I work via telehealth and utilize existential and humanistic techniques within the specific modality of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), to help clients achieve their goals.
My ideal client is any adult looking to create change in their life by being willing to change how they relate to their internal thoughts and feelings. This has a wide application for individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, life transitions, interpersonal difficulties or just the stress of a post-pandemic world. I have a particular passion for working with those who have experienced developmental trauma and are looking for new ways to relate to themselves and their pasts.
Joe Gilbert
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, CMMT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Hillsborough, NC 27278
Waitlist for new clients
Thank you for taking the time to read over my profile. I am very grateful to offer counseling for adults who are looking for a welcoming place to rest, reflect, and create a path forward that is in line with their values. I work mostly with adults who are working through grief, depression, anxiety, unskillful habit patterns, and existential/spiritual journeys. I offer free 30-minute consultations, which is an opportunity for you to meet with me and see if it feels like a good fit before getting started.
Thank you for taking the time to read over my profile. I am very grateful to offer counseling for adults who are looking for a welcoming place to rest, reflect, and create a path forward that is in line with their values. I work mostly with adults who are working through grief, depression, anxiety, unskillful habit patterns, and existential/spiritual journeys. I offer free 30-minute consultations, which is an opportunity for you to meet with me and see if it feels like a good fit before getting started.
David Evan Hughes
Counselor, MEd, LCMHC, SEP
Verified Verified
Fuquay Varina, NC 27526
I am trained in somatic therapy which works with trauma in the fight/flight/freeze responses in our bodies as well as existential therapy which addresses the core issues that undergird our surface level anxieties.
Anxiety, trauma, addiction, depression...these things are universal forces that touch each of us in some way. No matter how they present themselves, two things are certain. First, that none of us is meant to face them alone and second, that none of them need be a life sentence. Each of us goes through pain and suffering relationally, emotionally, spiritually, and physically. Each of us deserves someone who will walk with us as we heal.
I am trained in somatic therapy which works with trauma in the fight/flight/freeze responses in our bodies as well as existential therapy which addresses the core issues that undergird our surface level anxieties.
Anxiety, trauma, addiction, depression...these things are universal forces that touch each of us in some way. No matter how they present themselves, two things are certain. First, that none of us is meant to face them alone and second, that none of them need be a life sentence. Each of us goes through pain and suffering relationally, emotionally, spiritually, and physically. Each of us deserves someone who will walk with us as we heal.
Elizabeth Hoose
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Raleigh, NC 27615
Hoose incorporates skills from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Emotion Focused Therapy (EFT), Existential Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, and Humanistic Therapy.
Elizabeth Hoose, PsyD. is a licensed clinical psychologist in North Carolina and Utah who specializes in working with adults and couples who have experienced complex trauma, relationship difficulties, or who have undergone significant life changes. She also excels at therapeutic assessment, providing diagnostic clarification to patients who are unsure of their diagnosis. Dr. Hoose has been trained to work with a large variety of presenting problems including mood disorders, anxiety, LGBTQ issues, burnout and chronic stress, family of origin issues, identity issues, complex trauma and PTSD, ADHD, and adjustment concerns.
Hoose incorporates skills from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Emotion Focused Therapy (EFT), Existential Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, and Humanistic Therapy.
Elizabeth Hoose, PsyD. is a licensed clinical psychologist in North Carolina and Utah who specializes in working with adults and couples who have experienced complex trauma, relationship difficulties, or who have undergone significant life changes. She also excels at therapeutic assessment, providing diagnostic clarification to patients who are unsure of their diagnosis. Dr. Hoose has been trained to work with a large variety of presenting problems including mood disorders, anxiety, LGBTQ issues, burnout and chronic stress, family of origin issues, identity issues, complex trauma and PTSD, ADHD, and adjustment concerns.
Lys Lin
Counselor, LCMCHA
Verified Verified
Raleigh, NC 27614 (Online Only)
Based on each client’s needs and journey, I incorporate elements of existential, IFS and EMDR approaches.
I work with adult and adolescent clients focusing on a variety of presenting concerns including bicultural identity, divorce, domestic violence, childhood trauma, life transitions, and perinatal/pregnancy/postpartum matters. I am passionate about exploring gender roles and expectations. I love to serve, share common experiences, and celebrate culture and identity with fellow members of the AAPI community and speak Mandarin. I work with couples and families to hold space for the specific difficulties of intercultural relationships.
Based on each client’s needs and journey, I incorporate elements of existential, IFS and EMDR approaches.
I work with adult and adolescent clients focusing on a variety of presenting concerns including bicultural identity, divorce, domestic violence, childhood trauma, life transitions, and perinatal/pregnancy/postpartum matters. I am passionate about exploring gender roles and expectations. I love to serve, share common experiences, and celebrate culture and identity with fellow members of the AAPI community and speak Mandarin. I work with couples and families to hold space for the specific difficulties of intercultural relationships.
Jomaris Diaz Hernandez
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Raleigh, NC 27614
I take an existential and person-centered therapeutic approach to ensure and empowering, holistic, and collaborative therapeutic experience.
Hello! Yo hablo español e inglés con fluidez! I speak Spanish and English fluently, and work with folx from diverse communities and backgrounds to address topics such as self-identity, belonging, anxiety, stress, life transitions, improving self-talk, inner child work, and navigating parental relationships. I am especially passionate about providing care to folx from historically marginalized communities, especially those suffering from language barriers, experiencing bicultural stress, or navigating the Latine experience.
I take an existential and person-centered therapeutic approach to ensure and empowering, holistic, and collaborative therapeutic experience.
Hello! Yo hablo español e inglés con fluidez! I speak Spanish and English fluently, and work with folx from diverse communities and backgrounds to address topics such as self-identity, belonging, anxiety, stress, life transitions, improving self-talk, inner child work, and navigating parental relationships. I am especially passionate about providing care to folx from historically marginalized communities, especially those suffering from language barriers, experiencing bicultural stress, or navigating the Latine experience.
Alex Zima
Counselor, MS Ed, MA, LCMHCA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cary, NC 27513
My work incorporates elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Mindful Self-Compassion, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), Existential Psychology, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Trauma-Informed Mindfulness.
In times of great vulnerability, mind-body awareness, self-compassion and insight guide the way to healing, self-empowerment and renewed purpose. We all carry these capacities within. My approach combines evidence-based clinical, holistic and mindfulness-based methodologies grounded in the leading-edge neuroscience of emotional wellbeing and personal growth. I specialize in helping clients navigate anxiety, post-traumatic symptoms, grief and loss, sleep dysregulation, major life and career transitions, clinician and caregiver chronic stress, end-of-life and psycho-spiritual integration.
My work incorporates elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Mindful Self-Compassion, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), Existential Psychology, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Trauma-Informed Mindfulness.
In times of great vulnerability, mind-body awareness, self-compassion and insight guide the way to healing, self-empowerment and renewed purpose. We all carry these capacities within. My approach combines evidence-based clinical, holistic and mindfulness-based methodologies grounded in the leading-edge neuroscience of emotional wellbeing and personal growth. I specialize in helping clients navigate anxiety, post-traumatic symptoms, grief and loss, sleep dysregulation, major life and career transitions, clinician and caregiver chronic stress, end-of-life and psycho-spiritual integration.
Erin Palmer
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, NCC, MEd
Verified Verified
Cary, NC 27511
Board-certified private practice therapist in Cary, NC, specializing in teens through adulthood, with an emphasis on personal evolution, PTSD/trauma healing, mood disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar), substance abuse, eating disorders, and general life stress. Multi-faceted treatment approach, focusing on ketamine-assisted therapy, cognitive-behavioral, existential therapy, motivational enhancement, Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR), and Internal Family Systems (IFS). I take a flexible and open approach to treatment, tailoring to the client’s unique needs in the moment.
Board-certified private practice therapist in Cary, NC, specializing in teens through adulthood, with an emphasis on personal evolution, PTSD/trauma healing, mood disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar), substance abuse, eating disorders, and general life stress. Multi-faceted treatment approach, focusing on ketamine-assisted therapy, cognitive-behavioral, existential therapy, motivational enhancement, Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR), and Internal Family Systems (IFS). I take a flexible and open approach to treatment, tailoring to the client’s unique needs in the moment.
Kayleigh Schofield
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Raleigh, NC 27614 (Online Only)
I take an existential approach to counseling, knowing that identifying sources of meaning impacts the way we approach life and conceptualize the world around us.
I love to work with adults who are experiencing periods of transition and those who are working to discover and embrace their true identity. I know that the systems and communities around us have a significant impact on how we see the world and ourselves. Therefore, I work with clients who are seeking to understand their environment, question what they've been taught, and explore their true selves. Because of my own lived experience, folx with a history of religious trauma are close to my heart, along with those who are navigating their sexual idenity, gender roles, and place within their family of origin.
I take an existential approach to counseling, knowing that identifying sources of meaning impacts the way we approach life and conceptualize the world around us.
I love to work with adults who are experiencing periods of transition and those who are working to discover and embrace their true identity. I know that the systems and communities around us have a significant impact on how we see the world and ourselves. Therefore, I work with clients who are seeking to understand their environment, question what they've been taught, and explore their true selves. Because of my own lived experience, folx with a history of religious trauma are close to my heart, along with those who are navigating their sexual idenity, gender roles, and place within their family of origin.
James C. Carpenter
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Hillsborough, NC 27278
My approach to therapy is eclectic and existential.
Suffering draws us to consider therapy, much as it sends us to any doctor. The suffering therapy focuses on is emotional and existential (a LIFE that is out of whack). If you are considering therapy it means that you take your suffering seriously and wish to seek a more fulfilling life. You know instinctively that more is possible. I have many years of experience in helping people to develop greater strength and more fulfilling relationships.
My approach to therapy is eclectic and existential.
Suffering draws us to consider therapy, much as it sends us to any doctor. The suffering therapy focuses on is emotional and existential (a LIFE that is out of whack). If you are considering therapy it means that you take your suffering seriously and wish to seek a more fulfilling life. You know instinctively that more is possible. I have many years of experience in helping people to develop greater strength and more fulfilling relationships.
See more therapy options for Vance County
Existential Therapists
How does existential therapy work?
Existential therapy focuses on a patient’s inner experiences. The therapist tries to help the individual comprehend and alleviate symptoms by exploring their interior life. By confronting negative disquiet and emotions, the individual will hopefully become more open to finding meaning and purpose. This therapy can be administered to individuals or groups.
Is existential therapy evidence-based?
Existential therapy is an evidence-based practice. Research has determined that existential therapy can lead to significant improvement in the mental health of patients, and for some people it can be just as effective as cognitive behavioral therapy. The benefits of existential therapy are enduring, even long after treatment has ended.
How long does existential therapy last?
The goal of existential therapy is to understand a person’s internal experiences, which may sound like a lengthy process, but it does not have to be so in-depth. However, sessions are not short-term, and therapy can continue for months or up to a year. And because patients learn the theory behind existential therapy during treatment, they can also practice its tenets throughout life after therapy sessions have been completed.
Is existential therapy effective?
According to research, many patients find success with existential therapy. Researchers note that the therapy is particularly useful in improving feelings of isolation, feelings of purposelessness, as well as conditions such as anxiety and depression. Improvements in problem areas can persist even after the end of existential therapy, as individuals can continue working on themselves by using the tools they’ve developed during treatment.