Therapists in Austin, TX

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Photo of Esther H Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Esther H Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
I provide a safe, trusting environment for my clients to open up and share their experiences without feeling judged or shamed. I take a warm, client-centered approach to psychotherapy, based on the work of Carl Rogers. I believe that one of the most valuable aspect of therapy is for the therapist to have unconditional positive regard toward the client. As my client, I will think the best of you, and truly believe that you are capable of great things. I am positive, non-judgmental and compassionate, and when you enter my office it will be a safe environment for you to be vulnerable and be yourself.
I provide a safe, trusting environment for my clients to open up and share their experiences without feeling judged or shamed. I take a warm, client-centered approach to psychotherapy, based on the work of Carl Rogers. I believe that one of the most valuable aspect of therapy is for the therapist to have unconditional positive regard toward the client. As my client, I will think the best of you, and truly believe that you are capable of great things. I am positive, non-judgmental and compassionate, and when you enter my office it will be a safe environment for you to be vulnerable and be yourself.
(737) 204-7902 View (737) 204-7902
Photo of Cynthia S Penwell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Cynthia S Penwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78745
My ideal client is one who is ready to begin the journey towards a better functioning family, and/or a happier life. That person wishes to move through their past experiences and begin the healing process. My ideal client understands that sometimes healing requires a level of discomfort and feels ready to experience this in a safe environment. My ideal client has likely been uncomfortable before. That person is ready to feel safe a find the strength to provide connection with this clinician needed for goals like improved intimacy, decreased sadness or motivation, work-life balance, couples, family of origin issues, and trauma.
My ideal client is one who is ready to begin the journey towards a better functioning family, and/or a happier life. That person wishes to move through their past experiences and begin the healing process. My ideal client understands that sometimes healing requires a level of discomfort and feels ready to experience this in a safe environment. My ideal client has likely been uncomfortable before. That person is ready to feel safe a find the strength to provide connection with this clinician needed for goals like improved intimacy, decreased sadness or motivation, work-life balance, couples, family of origin issues, and trauma.
(512) 642-8646 View (512) 642-8646
Photo of Maeve Larkin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Maeve Larkin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
Maeve Larkin (she/her) is a Licensed Master Social Worker. Born and raised in Boston, MA, Maeve received her Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work from Boston College, and a Bachelor’s in Human Services from Northeastern University. Maeve’s professional experience with dialectical behavioral therapy began while working as a clinical intern at The Victor School, a therapeutic high school in Acton, MA. While at the school, she created and facilitated a socio-emotional skills group that utilized techniques in mindfulness and emotional regulation in addition to offering one-on-one therapeutic services.
Maeve Larkin (she/her) is a Licensed Master Social Worker. Born and raised in Boston, MA, Maeve received her Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work from Boston College, and a Bachelor’s in Human Services from Northeastern University. Maeve’s professional experience with dialectical behavioral therapy began while working as a clinical intern at The Victor School, a therapeutic high school in Acton, MA. While at the school, she created and facilitated a socio-emotional skills group that utilized techniques in mindfulness and emotional regulation in addition to offering one-on-one therapeutic services.
(512) 877-7518 View (512) 877-7518
Photo of Meghan Krasnoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Meghan Krasnoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78745  (Online Only)
Because you're here, my guess is there's something loud in your life that you'd like to work on. Maybe you've been feeling stressed by anxiety, unlike yourself, empty, on edge, feeling bad about yourself, lost or lacking support you need and deserve. I'd love to help you cultivate deeper understanding and compassion for yourself and gain some new tools to navigate life's challenges. I always say change is easier when you've got the right support! I've been told that I'm incredibly easy to connect and feel safe with. Frequently this has come from folks who have tried but haven't found the right fit in a therapist yet.
Because you're here, my guess is there's something loud in your life that you'd like to work on. Maybe you've been feeling stressed by anxiety, unlike yourself, empty, on edge, feeling bad about yourself, lost or lacking support you need and deserve. I'd love to help you cultivate deeper understanding and compassion for yourself and gain some new tools to navigate life's challenges. I always say change is easier when you've got the right support! I've been told that I'm incredibly easy to connect and feel safe with. Frequently this has come from folks who have tried but haven't found the right fit in a therapist yet.
(512) 710-1927 View (512) 710-1927
Photo of Travis Turner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Travis Turner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78701  (Online Only)
If you have experienced anxiety, depression, addiction, or previous trauma there is help. Therapy will allow you to move towards a more fulfilling way of life and help you learn that you are complete and strong; that you have the ability to overcome the challenges keeping you from reaching your full potential.
If you have experienced anxiety, depression, addiction, or previous trauma there is help. Therapy will allow you to move towards a more fulfilling way of life and help you learn that you are complete and strong; that you have the ability to overcome the challenges keeping you from reaching your full potential.
(512) 598-9752 View (512) 598-9752
Photo of Stella Masterson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Stella Masterson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78727  (Online Only)
Currently Accepting New Clients! Hello, I'm Stella and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Austin, Texas. I also see clients throughout the state via telehealth therapy. I believe that we all go through struggles and, at times, feel at a loss, alone, and overwhelmed. I am here to help you through those struggles.
Currently Accepting New Clients! Hello, I'm Stella and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Austin, Texas. I also see clients throughout the state via telehealth therapy. I believe that we all go through struggles and, at times, feel at a loss, alone, and overwhelmed. I am here to help you through those struggles.
(737) 727-3614 View (737) 727-3614
Photo of Jessica Rose Guajardo, LPC-Associate in Austin, TX
Jessica Rose Guajardo
LPC-Associate, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78731
There are times where life can feel overwhelming, uncertain, and hopeless. No matter what you believe about yourself or your life at this moment, change is possible. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, relational issues, or immense stress, change and growth can occur. My hope is that you and I can work together to help relieve whatever it is that is burdening you. To free you of whatever may be standing in the way of creating your most rich, full, and meaningful life.
There are times where life can feel overwhelming, uncertain, and hopeless. No matter what you believe about yourself or your life at this moment, change is possible. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, relational issues, or immense stress, change and growth can occur. My hope is that you and I can work together to help relieve whatever it is that is burdening you. To free you of whatever may be standing in the way of creating your most rich, full, and meaningful life.
(512) 898-7772 View (512) 898-7772
Photo of Louise E Sawaki, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Louise E Sawaki
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78750
If you find it difficult to self-reflect amid the clanging of many voices, especially if those inner voices are critical or anxious and leave you feeling stuck, you could choose to ignore the voices, or you could choose to talk to someone! It may help to know that you are not alone. Many people struggle to untangle the stories in their minds. Some planted there by early and enduring traumas. Therapy is an invitation to connect to wounded parts of yourself that have been left behind, and to hear them out. Therapy invites you to listen to those silenced stories and uncover a True Self.
If you find it difficult to self-reflect amid the clanging of many voices, especially if those inner voices are critical or anxious and leave you feeling stuck, you could choose to ignore the voices, or you could choose to talk to someone! It may help to know that you are not alone. Many people struggle to untangle the stories in their minds. Some planted there by early and enduring traumas. Therapy is an invitation to connect to wounded parts of yourself that have been left behind, and to hear them out. Therapy invites you to listen to those silenced stories and uncover a True Self.
(737) 204-1838 View (737) 204-1838
Photo of Topaz ABA in Austin, TX
Topaz ABA
MA, BCBA, LBA
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Topaz ABA provides behavior therapy and autism services to children and adolescents throughout the Austin and surrounding areas. We provide services in the home, in the community, or via telehealth.
Topaz ABA provides behavior therapy and autism services to children and adolescents throughout the Austin and surrounding areas. We provide services in the home, in the community, or via telehealth.
(512) 488-3767 View (512) 488-3767
Photo of Beatrice Elin Paksa, Pre-Licensed Professional in Austin, TX
Beatrice Elin Paksa
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78701
Hi, I'm Beatrice! I'm a Therapist Intern at Grace Therapy & Wellness supervised by Caroline Shepherd. I will graduate from The University of Texas at Austin in July 2024 with a Master of Science in Social Work. I am passionate about supporting adults, college students, and teens as they navigate life’s complex challenges. What sets my approach apart is a deep commitment to a compassionate and strengths-based framework. I believe in creating a therapeutic alliance where clients feel genuinely seen, heard and understood. Our sessions are a collaborative journey, where we explore what strategies resonate best with your specific needs.
Hi, I'm Beatrice! I'm a Therapist Intern at Grace Therapy & Wellness supervised by Caroline Shepherd. I will graduate from The University of Texas at Austin in July 2024 with a Master of Science in Social Work. I am passionate about supporting adults, college students, and teens as they navigate life’s complex challenges. What sets my approach apart is a deep commitment to a compassionate and strengths-based framework. I believe in creating a therapeutic alliance where clients feel genuinely seen, heard and understood. Our sessions are a collaborative journey, where we explore what strategies resonate best with your specific needs.
(737) 510-7036 View (737) 510-7036
Photo of Jennifer Spradley Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Jennifer Spradley Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
I believe that we all have the strengths necessary to shift thoughts, feelings and behaviors in order to meet our full potential, and I enjoy helping people on their journey of self-awareness, healing, and empowerment. I approach therapy with compassion and great respect for my clients, and am able to help people identify and access their personal strengths necessary to overcome challenges so that they can live a more satisfying life.
I believe that we all have the strengths necessary to shift thoughts, feelings and behaviors in order to meet our full potential, and I enjoy helping people on their journey of self-awareness, healing, and empowerment. I approach therapy with compassion and great respect for my clients, and am able to help people identify and access their personal strengths necessary to overcome challenges so that they can live a more satisfying life.
(512) 523-5696 View (512) 523-5696
Photo of Westlake Couples Counseling- Veronica Leal, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Westlake Couples Counseling- Veronica Leal, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746  (Online Only)
Do you and your partner desire clear communication and a meaningful connection? Want to get past arguing repeatedly about small trivial things? Has your relationship suffered from betrayal or addiction? I can help. I am a Level 3 trained Gottman Couples Therapist with over 15 years experience working exclusively with couples. I have a passion for working with couples at any stage of their relationship and specialize in couples counseling, marital & pre-marital therapy, relationship coaching and affair/betrayal recovery. During counseling sessions, couples learn to improve communication, manage conflict, and increase intimacy.
Do you and your partner desire clear communication and a meaningful connection? Want to get past arguing repeatedly about small trivial things? Has your relationship suffered from betrayal or addiction? I can help. I am a Level 3 trained Gottman Couples Therapist with over 15 years experience working exclusively with couples. I have a passion for working with couples at any stage of their relationship and specialize in couples counseling, marital & pre-marital therapy, relationship coaching and affair/betrayal recovery. During counseling sessions, couples learn to improve communication, manage conflict, and increase intimacy.
(737) 204-5931 View (737) 204-5931
Photo of Tom Umberger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Tom Umberger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746
Sometimes our lives take an unexpected turn-a loved one dies, we lose our job, our marriage ends, our parents' health declines-and suddenly we aren't sure where we're going, or what to do next. You don't have to face these things alone. In my counseling career, I have helped many people get through the hard things that come with difficult life events: sadness, anger, guilt, family conflict, uncontrollable worry, or just feeling stuck.
Sometimes our lives take an unexpected turn-a loved one dies, we lose our job, our marriage ends, our parents' health declines-and suddenly we aren't sure where we're going, or what to do next. You don't have to face these things alone. In my counseling career, I have helped many people get through the hard things that come with difficult life events: sadness, anger, guilt, family conflict, uncontrollable worry, or just feeling stuck.
(512) 710-0102 View (512) 710-0102
Photo of Kristen McMath, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Austin, TX
Kristen McMath
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A, EMDR-t
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78751
I prioritize and deeply value the bonds I form with clients, considering them not only vital but also integral to the therapeutic process. At the heart of my work is helping clients in harnessing their natural capacity for growth and healing, enabling them to establish a more meaningful and joyful connection with life.
I prioritize and deeply value the bonds I form with clients, considering them not only vital but also integral to the therapeutic process. At the heart of my work is helping clients in harnessing their natural capacity for growth and healing, enabling them to establish a more meaningful and joyful connection with life.
View
Photo of Anne Wiik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Anne Wiik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78763  (Online Only)
Hi! I am excited to offer compassionate and effective virtual therapy services, with a special focus on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). With a background in Human Biology from Stanford University and a Masters in Social Welfare from the University of California, Berkeley, I bring a unique blend of expertise to my practice. My main goal is to build strong connections with my clients and create an empathetic and inclusive space where you can feel understood and supported as we delve into EMDR therapy together. I want to help you feel better! My services are available for folks in Texas, California, and Maine.
Hi! I am excited to offer compassionate and effective virtual therapy services, with a special focus on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). With a background in Human Biology from Stanford University and a Masters in Social Welfare from the University of California, Berkeley, I bring a unique blend of expertise to my practice. My main goal is to build strong connections with my clients and create an empathetic and inclusive space where you can feel understood and supported as we delve into EMDR therapy together. I want to help you feel better! My services are available for folks in Texas, California, and Maine.
(737) 520-4804 View (737) 520-4804
Photo of Heath Collins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Heath Collins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life? Do you find yourself having more bad days than good days? Do you feel like you're stuck in your head, being pushed around by negative thoughts and emotions, or engaging in the same self-destructive patterns, while life passes you by? I believe that all of us have an inner source of wisdom and strength that we can learn to listen to in order to cultivate a life full of meaning and purpose. I specialize in LGBT issues, mood disorders (such as depression or anger issues), anxiety, and chronic pain management.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life? Do you find yourself having more bad days than good days? Do you feel like you're stuck in your head, being pushed around by negative thoughts and emotions, or engaging in the same self-destructive patterns, while life passes you by? I believe that all of us have an inner source of wisdom and strength that we can learn to listen to in order to cultivate a life full of meaning and purpose. I specialize in LGBT issues, mood disorders (such as depression or anger issues), anxiety, and chronic pain management.
(512) 956-9357 View (512) 956-9357
Photo of Thomas Smithyman - Online Anxiety Psychologist, Psychologist in Austin, TX
Thomas Smithyman - Online Anxiety Psychologist
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78757  (Online Only)
Bestselling author of “Dating Without Fear: Overcome Social Anxiety and Connect.” —— Overcome your anxiety disorder with focused, research-based treatment. I'm a licensed clinical psychologist, and have trained as an Anxiety Specialist. I believe in actively treating anxiety using the latest research findings and clinical interventions, because frankly, I don't think listening and nodding is enough. My goal is to help you understand how your anxiety works, and take steps to face it and overcome it. My sessions are online and I offer a free initial phone or video consultation to see how I can help.
Bestselling author of “Dating Without Fear: Overcome Social Anxiety and Connect.” —— Overcome your anxiety disorder with focused, research-based treatment. I'm a licensed clinical psychologist, and have trained as an Anxiety Specialist. I believe in actively treating anxiety using the latest research findings and clinical interventions, because frankly, I don't think listening and nodding is enough. My goal is to help you understand how your anxiety works, and take steps to face it and overcome it. My sessions are online and I offer a free initial phone or video consultation to see how I can help.
(512) 948-3941 View (512) 948-3941
Photo of Noel Curry, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Noel Curry
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78731  (Online Only)
I want you to know that I see you and understand that you're facing challenges. You may be dealing with anxiety, struggling with low mood, finding it difficult to concentrate with ADHD, or experiencing difficulties in your relationships. Your goals are unique to you, but they might include finding effective ways to manage your anxiety or depression, improving your self-esteem, and fostering personal growth. You want to gain a deeper understanding of yourself, identify patterns that hold you back, and develop healthier coping strategies to navigate life's ups and downs.
I want you to know that I see you and understand that you're facing challenges. You may be dealing with anxiety, struggling with low mood, finding it difficult to concentrate with ADHD, or experiencing difficulties in your relationships. Your goals are unique to you, but they might include finding effective ways to manage your anxiety or depression, improving your self-esteem, and fostering personal growth. You want to gain a deeper understanding of yourself, identify patterns that hold you back, and develop healthier coping strategies to navigate life's ups and downs.
(832) 501-9586 View (832) 501-9586
Photo of Scott A Harpst, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Scott A Harpst
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78704  (Online Only)
I am an experienced mental health and life transitions counselor and psychotherapist with 25+ years of experience. I have trained in brief and family therapy and Ericksonian psychotherapy and offer hypnosis as an adjunct to therapy. My style is synthesis of many approaches and techniques that I have created over the years which really works. I see children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families.
I am an experienced mental health and life transitions counselor and psychotherapist with 25+ years of experience. I have trained in brief and family therapy and Ericksonian psychotherapy and offer hypnosis as an adjunct to therapy. My style is synthesis of many approaches and techniques that I have created over the years which really works. I see children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families.
(512) 645-2019 View (512) 645-2019
Photo of Jordan Rossi, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Jordan Rossi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78735  (Online Only)
Also offering in-person sessions starting June 1st. (4425 S Mopac Expy Building 2 Austin, TX 78735) - Life can be full of transitions which may be challenging and overwhelming to navigate. Especially for people who have experienced trauma or lost hope. I believe providing a safe environment and building trust can lead to positive change when navigating challenges. I offer a supportive, non-judgmental environment where anyone is welcome to freely express their thoughts and feelings. Every client’s situation is unique, and my aim is to meet clients where they’re at through a variety of therapeutic techniques.
Also offering in-person sessions starting June 1st. (4425 S Mopac Expy Building 2 Austin, TX 78735) - Life can be full of transitions which may be challenging and overwhelming to navigate. Especially for people who have experienced trauma or lost hope. I believe providing a safe environment and building trust can lead to positive change when navigating challenges. I offer a supportive, non-judgmental environment where anyone is welcome to freely express their thoughts and feelings. Every client’s situation is unique, and my aim is to meet clients where they’re at through a variety of therapeutic techniques.
(512) 812-7988 View (512) 812-7988

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Austin, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Austin, TX who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
64% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Austin, TX see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Austin?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.