Therapists in Holland, MI

Photo of Allie Hoekstra, Counselor in Holland, MI
Allie Hoekstra
Counselor, MA, LLC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49423
My typical client is between 16 and 60 years old and experiencing distress due to different challenges like anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, and life transition. I am passionate about meeting clients where they are and helping them process through their experiences. From self-esteem to suicidal ideation, you are not alone. I am also passionate about women's issues, such as infertility, pregnancy loss, eating disorders, etc. and walking with you through this season.
My typical client is between 16 and 60 years old and experiencing distress due to different challenges like anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, and life transition. I am passionate about meeting clients where they are and helping them process through their experiences. From self-esteem to suicidal ideation, you are not alone. I am also passionate about women's issues, such as infertility, pregnancy loss, eating disorders, etc. and walking with you through this season.
(616) 300-2802 View (616) 300-2802
Photo of Cassie Alderink, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Cassie Alderink
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
Let's get real and dig into your true self, exploring your feelings, actions, and thoughts. Our therapy journey will focus on the present, but we might take a peek at the past too. Here's the deal: you're not a puzzle to solve or a project to fix. I see you as a complete, amazing human being! Together, we'll track down those toxic trains of thought and flex those mental muscles to boost your confidence. My mission is to create a safe space for you to find peace, recover, and thrive. Just a heads up, I'm pretty chill, and there's a good chance we'll share a tear or two and bust a gut laughing.
Let's get real and dig into your true self, exploring your feelings, actions, and thoughts. Our therapy journey will focus on the present, but we might take a peek at the past too. Here's the deal: you're not a puzzle to solve or a project to fix. I see you as a complete, amazing human being! Together, we'll track down those toxic trains of thought and flex those mental muscles to boost your confidence. My mission is to create a safe space for you to find peace, recover, and thrive. Just a heads up, I'm pretty chill, and there's a good chance we'll share a tear or two and bust a gut laughing.
(616) 737-0563 View (616) 737-0563
Photo of Brian Highstreet, Counselor in Holland, MI
Brian Highstreet
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49424
Not accepting new clients
I work with youth, young adults, adults, and families who struggle with many of today's life challenges. Issues such as anxiety, anger, depression, school/work problems, loss/grief, divorce, etc. are things that I help individuals and families to effectively deal with. Everyone wants to be healthy and happy. Unfortunately life throws a lot of curve balls and this can be easier said than done. Discovering strengths and helpful ways of coping are ways to better ensure happiness and health.
I work with youth, young adults, adults, and families who struggle with many of today's life challenges. Issues such as anxiety, anger, depression, school/work problems, loss/grief, divorce, etc. are things that I help individuals and families to effectively deal with. Everyone wants to be healthy and happy. Unfortunately life throws a lot of curve balls and this can be easier said than done. Discovering strengths and helpful ways of coping are ways to better ensure happiness and health.
(616) 439-2015 x722 View (616) 439-2015 x722
Photo of Elizabeth Davis, Psychologist in Holland, MI
Elizabeth Davis
Psychologist, PhD
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49423
I have over ten years of experience in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), specific phobias, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, school anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and related disorders across the lifespan (ages 4+), and have particular expertise in working with children and adolescents. I utilize innovative, evidence-based treatments informed by the latest science and cutting edge research. I also currently offer Virtual Reality treatment for many difficult to treat symptoms (fear of needles, flying, bugs, driving, and more!)
I have over ten years of experience in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), specific phobias, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, school anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and related disorders across the lifespan (ages 4+), and have particular expertise in working with children and adolescents. I utilize innovative, evidence-based treatments informed by the latest science and cutting edge research. I also currently offer Virtual Reality treatment for many difficult to treat symptoms (fear of needles, flying, bugs, driving, and more!)
(475) 882-8770 View (475) 882-8770
Photo of Stephanie Stoneman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Stephanie Stoneman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Social Worker (LMSW) in the state of Michigan, with 18 years of experience providing therapy in multi-faceted ways. I have worked as a medical social worker, providing therapy for those suffering from a variety of hardships. I have worked as an addictions counselor for those with substance dependence and their families. I specialize in working with other professionals who struggle with mood or substance abuse issues. I have experience treating depression, anxiety/panic, trauma, women's issues, relationship issues, career issues, and those with a combination of physical and mental health issues.
I am a Licensed Social Worker (LMSW) in the state of Michigan, with 18 years of experience providing therapy in multi-faceted ways. I have worked as a medical social worker, providing therapy for those suffering from a variety of hardships. I have worked as an addictions counselor for those with substance dependence and their families. I specialize in working with other professionals who struggle with mood or substance abuse issues. I have experience treating depression, anxiety/panic, trauma, women's issues, relationship issues, career issues, and those with a combination of physical and mental health issues.
(616) 300-2911 View (616) 300-2911
Photo of Brittany VanOeveren, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Brittany VanOeveren
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49423
Since graduating from Grand Valley State University with a Master’s degree in Social Work, Brittany has spent several years working with adults and children struggling with anxiety, depression, sleep concerns, and stress management. Being a mom of three young kids, working with new mothers and families to navigate the transition into parenthood has become a passion as well.
Since graduating from Grand Valley State University with a Master’s degree in Social Work, Brittany has spent several years working with adults and children struggling with anxiety, depression, sleep concerns, and stress management. Being a mom of three young kids, working with new mothers and families to navigate the transition into parenthood has become a passion as well.
(616) 816-1961 View (616) 816-1961
Photo of Tami VanderLind, Licensed Professional Counselor in Holland, MI
Tami VanderLind
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49423
I am a counselor who has a deep passion for helping individuals, couples, and families through deep hurts and wounds. I have worked extensively with couples who are trying to repair their marriage. I have led divorce groups and helped individuals work through the process of divorce. I have worked with individuals who suffer with depression, anxiety, low self esteem, eating disorders, OCD, addictions, and anger issues. Life is tough. It takes us by surprise and off guard more times than we care to admit. My goal is to help you work through the "stuff" that hinders you everyday.
I am a counselor who has a deep passion for helping individuals, couples, and families through deep hurts and wounds. I have worked extensively with couples who are trying to repair their marriage. I have led divorce groups and helped individuals work through the process of divorce. I have worked with individuals who suffer with depression, anxiety, low self esteem, eating disorders, OCD, addictions, and anger issues. Life is tough. It takes us by surprise and off guard more times than we care to admit. My goal is to help you work through the "stuff" that hinders you everyday.
(616) 631-2802 View (616) 631-2802
Photo of Becky Dozeman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Becky Dozeman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49424
I serve women of all ages, specifically if you are struggling with anxiety & stress management. I am passionate about uncovering core fears that are leading to emotional & mental health struggles. I focus on 4 areas of wellness with all clients-emotional, mental, spiritual (when applicable), and relational. I will focus on your goals & intentions for wellness. I will provide you with a safe space to explore your triggers & areas of need. In each session, you will leave with coping skills to help you thrive more in daily life. Though I list my Christian faith in the profile, I work with women of all spiritual beliefs.
I serve women of all ages, specifically if you are struggling with anxiety & stress management. I am passionate about uncovering core fears that are leading to emotional & mental health struggles. I focus on 4 areas of wellness with all clients-emotional, mental, spiritual (when applicable), and relational. I will focus on your goals & intentions for wellness. I will provide you with a safe space to explore your triggers & areas of need. In each session, you will leave with coping skills to help you thrive more in daily life. Though I list my Christian faith in the profile, I work with women of all spiritual beliefs.
(616) 378-8655 View (616) 378-8655
Photo of Jude Vereyken, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Jude Vereyken
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC, ACSW
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
I do put my heart into my work as a Clinical Social Worker/Therapist. I greet you where you are at, walk alongside you as you journey through your life, and help you gain useful coping tools to navigate your way. It is important for me to create space for you to feel comfortable and be open. I want you to reach your goals, feel my support and compassion, know you are safe and can feel at home. My private practice JD's Midlife Tools For Living Practices LLC, provides therapy services healing the mind, body and spirit!
I do put my heart into my work as a Clinical Social Worker/Therapist. I greet you where you are at, walk alongside you as you journey through your life, and help you gain useful coping tools to navigate your way. It is important for me to create space for you to feel comfortable and be open. I want you to reach your goals, feel my support and compassion, know you are safe and can feel at home. My private practice JD's Midlife Tools For Living Practices LLC, provides therapy services healing the mind, body and spirit!
(616) 441-4144 View (616) 441-4144
Photo of Diana Mudde, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Diana Mudde
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
Not accepting new clients
I work with clients who are wanting to understand themselves more fully, figure out what may be holding them back from the life they've imagined for themselves, uncover what is beneath troubling behaviors, and/or find ways of being and relating that feel healthier and more fulfilling. Some clients come in speaking of feeling discouraged, restless, worried, unfulfilled, or unhappy within themselves and/or their relationships; others come in with just a vague sense that life could feel much better.
I work with clients who are wanting to understand themselves more fully, figure out what may be holding them back from the life they've imagined for themselves, uncover what is beneath troubling behaviors, and/or find ways of being and relating that feel healthier and more fulfilling. Some clients come in speaking of feeling discouraged, restless, worried, unfulfilled, or unhappy within themselves and/or their relationships; others come in with just a vague sense that life could feel much better.
(616) 796-6635 View (616) 796-6635
Photo of Karissa B. Wright, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Karissa B. Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
Life is full of twists & turns; seasons that are heavy & seasons we move through with ease. I believe we all can benefit from a listening ear & predictable support as we embrace a life of radical honesty. I count it one of my greatest joys to have the honor of holding space for others as they sit with their past, navigate their present, & dream of what their future could be. My approach is focused on strengths, & providing hope as we navigate life together. I'm passionate about meeting people with acceptance & hope; exactly where they are, however they show up in this world.
Life is full of twists & turns; seasons that are heavy & seasons we move through with ease. I believe we all can benefit from a listening ear & predictable support as we embrace a life of radical honesty. I count it one of my greatest joys to have the honor of holding space for others as they sit with their past, navigate their present, & dream of what their future could be. My approach is focused on strengths, & providing hope as we navigate life together. I'm passionate about meeting people with acceptance & hope; exactly where they are, however they show up in this world.
(269) 367-3931 View (269) 367-3931
Photo of Jackie Deur, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Jackie Deur
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49423
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes the challenges we face are so difficult that we have a hard time feeling hope. It is my honor to walk with you through this time, helping to find a glimmer of hope and build on that together. My goal is to create an environment where you will feel safe, accepted, and encouraged. I work with people of all ages, though I specialize in working with children and teens. I use a client centered, strengths-based approach, and building a strong relationship is a priority for me.
Sometimes the challenges we face are so difficult that we have a hard time feeling hope. It is my honor to walk with you through this time, helping to find a glimmer of hope and build on that together. My goal is to create an environment where you will feel safe, accepted, and encouraged. I work with people of all ages, though I specialize in working with children and teens. I use a client centered, strengths-based approach, and building a strong relationship is a priority for me.
(616) 552-4140 View (616) 552-4140
Photo of Lianne Lindner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Lianne Lindner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49423  (Online Only)
I work with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, and low self esteem. I specialize in helping young adults navigate life transitions and challenging life stages (college, career concerns, marriage, divorce). I enjoy helping you traverse difficult relationship issues with your partner, children, siblings, or parents. Specifically, I have extensive experience in providing relationship support and coaching for parents, partners, and siblings who are coping with their loved one’s eating disorder. Reach out if you think you are ready to take this step, and then you will get a call/email back from my practice, TheFloCo.
I work with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, and low self esteem. I specialize in helping young adults navigate life transitions and challenging life stages (college, career concerns, marriage, divorce). I enjoy helping you traverse difficult relationship issues with your partner, children, siblings, or parents. Specifically, I have extensive experience in providing relationship support and coaching for parents, partners, and siblings who are coping with their loved one’s eating disorder. Reach out if you think you are ready to take this step, and then you will get a call/email back from my practice, TheFloCo.
(616) 236-4455 View (616) 236-4455
Photo of Joshua Campbell, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Holland, MI
Joshua Campbell
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, DTLLP
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
When working with clients, I stand by the phrase, "whatever the client brings, I will work with". Whatever issue or concern that is presented to me, I will help meet the needs to the best of my ability. In terms of specialty, I am primarily focused on relationship issues, which consists of couples work, sex issues, infidelity, adjustment issues, and so on.
When working with clients, I stand by the phrase, "whatever the client brings, I will work with". Whatever issue or concern that is presented to me, I will help meet the needs to the best of my ability. In terms of specialty, I am primarily focused on relationship issues, which consists of couples work, sex issues, infidelity, adjustment issues, and so on.
(616) 303-3552 View (616) 303-3552
Photo of Nathan Knapp, Licensed Professional Counselor in Holland, MI
Nathan Knapp
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49423
My career has been spent working with children, adolescents, and families in the West Michigan area. I have treated and worked with a wide range of disorders and challenges including, ADHD, trauma, abuse, mood disorders, suicidal ideation, and self-harm in my time as a home-based therapist and working on an adolescent residential unit. Children, adolescents and adults have endless potential and I feel each should have the opportunity to grow and learn how to best manage their symptoms.
My career has been spent working with children, adolescents, and families in the West Michigan area. I have treated and worked with a wide range of disorders and challenges including, ADHD, trauma, abuse, mood disorders, suicidal ideation, and self-harm in my time as a home-based therapist and working on an adolescent residential unit. Children, adolescents and adults have endless potential and I feel each should have the opportunity to grow and learn how to best manage their symptoms.
(616) 208-5597 View (616) 208-5597
Photo of Gayle Shumaker, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Holland, MI
Gayle Shumaker
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP, LPC
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
I enjoy clients with diverse backgrounds, experiences, and problems. My personal style is warm and supportive, and my approach with clients is holistic in focus. My goal is for each client to achieve more personal awareness, emotional stability, and effective behavior as a result of our work together. Presenting issues might be: Depression; Bipolar disorder; Anxiety Disorders; Trauma/PTSD; Couple conflicts; Stress related medical problems; or Life transitions. I provide individual and couple therapy for teens thorugh adults.
I enjoy clients with diverse backgrounds, experiences, and problems. My personal style is warm and supportive, and my approach with clients is holistic in focus. My goal is for each client to achieve more personal awareness, emotional stability, and effective behavior as a result of our work together. Presenting issues might be: Depression; Bipolar disorder; Anxiety Disorders; Trauma/PTSD; Couple conflicts; Stress related medical problems; or Life transitions. I provide individual and couple therapy for teens thorugh adults.
(616) 359-5475 View (616) 359-5475
Photo of Anxiety Depression O C D And Couples Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Holland, MI
Anxiety Depression O C D And Couples Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, MSJ
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49424
MIchael Angelo treats Anxiety: Whatever form of anxiety you have, treatment can help, especially if you feel like you’re worrying too much and it’s interfering with your work, relationships, or other parts of your life. If your anxiety is upsetting to you and difficult to control, seek out counseling. Depression: Although depression may occur only once in a person’s life, people typically have multiple episodes. During these episodes, symptoms occur most of the day, nearly every day. Why live like this when you don’t have to?
MIchael Angelo treats Anxiety: Whatever form of anxiety you have, treatment can help, especially if you feel like you’re worrying too much and it’s interfering with your work, relationships, or other parts of your life. If your anxiety is upsetting to you and difficult to control, seek out counseling. Depression: Although depression may occur only once in a person’s life, people typically have multiple episodes. During these episodes, symptoms occur most of the day, nearly every day. Why live like this when you don’t have to?
(616) 449-2699 View (616) 449-2699
Photo of Tracy Nykamp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Tracy Nykamp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49424
Currently accepting new clients. I have extensive experience working with teens and adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, shame/guilt, trauma, family and relational difficulties, grief/loss and bereavement, school related or social issues. Through cognitive therapy, mindful practices, and skill based coping techniques I can work with you to reduce symptoms and improve your quality of life and relationships.
Currently accepting new clients. I have extensive experience working with teens and adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, shame/guilt, trauma, family and relational difficulties, grief/loss and bereavement, school related or social issues. Through cognitive therapy, mindful practices, and skill based coping techniques I can work with you to reduce symptoms and improve your quality of life and relationships.
(616) 504-2852 View (616) 504-2852
Photo of Christina Adamski, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Holland, MI
Christina Adamski
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Holland, MI 49424
Our mission, at Footprints Counseling, is to walk alongside our clients as they navigate through the struggles of life. Life can be a tough at times with many different challenges to face. You do not have to walk that journey alone without support. Footprints Counseling is here to support you. Reach out to us on this journey of life and we will be there for you every step of the way to support, advocate and encourage you.
Our mission, at Footprints Counseling, is to walk alongside our clients as they navigate through the struggles of life. Life can be a tough at times with many different challenges to face. You do not have to walk that journey alone without support. Footprints Counseling is here to support you. Reach out to us on this journey of life and we will be there for you every step of the way to support, advocate and encourage you.
(616) 219-8215 View (616) 219-8215
Photo of Dawnita Diaz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Holland, MI
Dawnita Diaz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
Holland, MI 49423
When a person chooses to participate in counseling I see this as a brave step in investing in yourself in a positive way. I am honored to partner with each person in their journey of healing, self-acceptance, understanding, and growth. We will work together to identify what is important to you to focus on, and the steps to take to pursue the goals you have identified using a holistic approach to treatment. I believe it is important to care for the whole self: physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually.
When a person chooses to participate in counseling I see this as a brave step in investing in yourself in a positive way. I am honored to partner with each person in their journey of healing, self-acceptance, understanding, and growth. We will work together to identify what is important to you to focus on, and the steps to take to pursue the goals you have identified using a holistic approach to treatment. I believe it is important to care for the whole self: physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually.
(616) 344-6231 View (616) 344-6231

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Holland, MI

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Holland, MI who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
90% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% Priority Health
55% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in Holland, MI see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
23% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Holland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.