Therapists in Allentown, PA

Photo of Bethany Werner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Bethany Werner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18109
What makes me stand out from other counselors is my ability to grasp your needs and strengths quickly and get a solid understanding of what you are seeking from treatment. I am skilled with adapting my therapeutic approaches to match your personality and values. I have experience in a wide variety of settings so have knowledge of resources and different phases of mental health needs. I have successful experience treating individuals with depression, anxiety, mood disorders, life transitions, grief, anger, and relationship issues. If you are in need of just a few sessions or longer term treatment, I can support you.
What makes me stand out from other counselors is my ability to grasp your needs and strengths quickly and get a solid understanding of what you are seeking from treatment. I am skilled with adapting my therapeutic approaches to match your personality and values. I have experience in a wide variety of settings so have knowledge of resources and different phases of mental health needs. I have successful experience treating individuals with depression, anxiety, mood disorders, life transitions, grief, anger, and relationship issues. If you are in need of just a few sessions or longer term treatment, I can support you.
(484) 559-5856 View (484) 559-5856
Photo of Luke T. Schultz, Psychologist in Allentown, PA
Luke T. Schultz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Allentown, PA 18104
I am a licensed psychologist specializing in anxiety and depression. I am also an expert in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). In my practice, I offer a safe and comfortable environment to work collaboratively on your concerns through an effective, goal-focused, and evidence-based therapy. My mentors are internationally recognized leaders in therapy, including Dr. Aaron Beck (the founder of Cognitive Therapy) and Dr. Edna Foa (a pioneer in CBT for OCD and anxiety). I enjoy working with teens and adults. I am also an instructor for the Beck Institute, where I teach CBT to clinicians from around the world.
I am a licensed psychologist specializing in anxiety and depression. I am also an expert in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). In my practice, I offer a safe and comfortable environment to work collaboratively on your concerns through an effective, goal-focused, and evidence-based therapy. My mentors are internationally recognized leaders in therapy, including Dr. Aaron Beck (the founder of Cognitive Therapy) and Dr. Edna Foa (a pioneer in CBT for OCD and anxiety). I enjoy working with teens and adults. I am also an instructor for the Beck Institute, where I teach CBT to clinicians from around the world.
(610) 224-9725 View (610) 224-9725
Photo of Justin Valentin, Counselor in Allentown, PA
Justin Valentin
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18103  (Online Only)
Are you a woman who struggles with depression, anxiety, overwhelm, & frustration? Are these feelings associated with having a chronic medical condition (diagnosed or in the process of being)? Would you like to explore your use of alcohol (or other substances)? Questioning your sexuality or need support during your coming out process? Thank you for taking the time to read my profile and consider if we would be a good match. I collaborate with and support women who would like to better manage mental health symptoms that may be combined with physical challenges and /or addictions in order to improve quality of life & relationships.
Are you a woman who struggles with depression, anxiety, overwhelm, & frustration? Are these feelings associated with having a chronic medical condition (diagnosed or in the process of being)? Would you like to explore your use of alcohol (or other substances)? Questioning your sexuality or need support during your coming out process? Thank you for taking the time to read my profile and consider if we would be a good match. I collaborate with and support women who would like to better manage mental health symptoms that may be combined with physical challenges and /or addictions in order to improve quality of life & relationships.
(484) 578-3183 View (484) 578-3183
Photo of Inner Most Healing Therapy Shannon Myers, Counselor in Allentown, PA
Inner Most Healing Therapy Shannon Myers
Counselor, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Allentown, PA 18106
My passion as a therapist is to help foster growth and wholeness among individuals, couples and families. It takes incredible courage to reach out for help, so it is important for me to meet each person exactly where they are on their journey. It is essential that I foster a safe environment that allows for vulnerability, which leads to healing.
My passion as a therapist is to help foster growth and wholeness among individuals, couples and families. It takes incredible courage to reach out for help, so it is important for me to meet each person exactly where they are on their journey. It is essential that I foster a safe environment that allows for vulnerability, which leads to healing.
(484) 778-4212 View (484) 778-4212
Photo of Phil Wieszczyk, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Phil Wieszczyk
Licensed Professional Counselor, MMT, LPC
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18104  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I'm so glad you're here! I am a licensed professional counselor and music therapist with over 10 years' experience serving individuals and families in institutional, outpatient, and community settings. My experience includes work with children, adolescents, and adults dealing with mood disorders, anxiety, anger-related concerns, post-traumatic stress, relationship difficulties, chemical dependency and other addictive behaviors, motivational and self-esteem problems, as well as those with developmental delays.
Hello! I'm so glad you're here! I am a licensed professional counselor and music therapist with over 10 years' experience serving individuals and families in institutional, outpatient, and community settings. My experience includes work with children, adolescents, and adults dealing with mood disorders, anxiety, anger-related concerns, post-traumatic stress, relationship difficulties, chemical dependency and other addictive behaviors, motivational and self-esteem problems, as well as those with developmental delays.
(814) 200-6989 View (814) 200-6989
Photo of Your Counseling Services dba Therapy Corner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Your Counseling Services dba Therapy Corner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, Trauma
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18103  (Online Only)
Do you sometimes feel swallowed up by life's problems? Well, you're not alone. I will make it my priority to address your needs as a child, teen or adult. Through talk therapy, I will help you find or learn coping skills that will enable you to start on the path of healing and feeling food again. You will be empowered to utilize strategies that will assist you in making better choices. You will determine the best avenue for yourself while dealing with challenging situations. In addition to the services provided, prompt appointments are scheduled and clients are seen within 24 hrs.
Do you sometimes feel swallowed up by life's problems? Well, you're not alone. I will make it my priority to address your needs as a child, teen or adult. Through talk therapy, I will help you find or learn coping skills that will enable you to start on the path of healing and feeling food again. You will be empowered to utilize strategies that will assist you in making better choices. You will determine the best avenue for yourself while dealing with challenging situations. In addition to the services provided, prompt appointments are scheduled and clients are seen within 24 hrs.
(484) 900-8128 View (484) 900-8128
Photo of Arti Maharaj, Counselor in Allentown, PA
Arti Maharaj
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Allentown, PA 18106  (Online Only)
Greetings! In this practice, I provide a warm, non-judgmental therapeutic space dedicated to offering support. I believe in a client-led approach, empowering you to find your voice. Progress is celebrated in the small steps that accumulate into significant strides throughout the treatment journey. I offer individual, couples, and family therapy to everyone, specializing in providing support to the minority population and thriving in working with intercultural couples and families.
Greetings! In this practice, I provide a warm, non-judgmental therapeutic space dedicated to offering support. I believe in a client-led approach, empowering you to find your voice. Progress is celebrated in the small steps that accumulate into significant strides throughout the treatment journey. I offer individual, couples, and family therapy to everyone, specializing in providing support to the minority population and thriving in working with intercultural couples and families.
(610) 233-1584 View (610) 233-1584
Photo of Emily Calcagni, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Emily Calcagni
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Allentown, PA 18103
I primarily work with individuals with symptoms related to anxiety, depression, and trauma. I specialize in working with individuals with gender dysphoria and am able to complete gender assessments. I work with any age, with a special interest in working with adolescents and young adults. I am a LGBTQIA+ affirming therapist.
I primarily work with individuals with symptoms related to anxiety, depression, and trauma. I specialize in working with individuals with gender dysphoria and am able to complete gender assessments. I work with any age, with a special interest in working with adolescents and young adults. I am a LGBTQIA+ affirming therapist.
(610) 467-5422 View (610) 467-5422
Photo of Corinne Rieksts Todd, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Corinne Rieksts Todd
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Allentown, PA 18103
Each person deserves to have an environment where they can feel secure, validated and free to be who they are without worry of judgement. Having access to an encouraging environment can promote a journey towards a healthier perspective on life, along with increased feelings of peace and satisfaction. My approach to treatment is geared towards those who can use support in modifying negative thinking patterns, feelings of uneasiness, challenges in acknowledging personal strengths, difficulty with healthy boundary setting, ongoing or acute life challenges and relationship difficulties.
Each person deserves to have an environment where they can feel secure, validated and free to be who they are without worry of judgement. Having access to an encouraging environment can promote a journey towards a healthier perspective on life, along with increased feelings of peace and satisfaction. My approach to treatment is geared towards those who can use support in modifying negative thinking patterns, feelings of uneasiness, challenges in acknowledging personal strengths, difficulty with healthy boundary setting, ongoing or acute life challenges and relationship difficulties.
(267) 686-9029 View (267) 686-9029
Photo of Victoria Cooper, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Victoria Cooper
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LBS
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18103
Thank you for stopping by, it's nice to meet you! I'm Victoria, the owner of The Consulting Firm. I've been in the psychology field for the past 15 years and it has been such a fulfilling experience to learn and support people from so many different demographics, backgrounds, statuses and cultures. Throughout my career, I noticed that there was a group of individuals who were often overlooked: leaders. So I decided to create a lane for them. The Consulting Firm offers therapy to leaders, executives, and business owners to ensure that they're succeeding personally and professionally.
Thank you for stopping by, it's nice to meet you! I'm Victoria, the owner of The Consulting Firm. I've been in the psychology field for the past 15 years and it has been such a fulfilling experience to learn and support people from so many different demographics, backgrounds, statuses and cultures. Throughout my career, I noticed that there was a group of individuals who were often overlooked: leaders. So I decided to create a lane for them. The Consulting Firm offers therapy to leaders, executives, and business owners to ensure that they're succeeding personally and professionally.
(484) 376-4755 View (484) 376-4755
Photo of Elizabeth Vegetabile, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Elizabeth Vegetabile
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Allentown, PA 18109
As a dedicated professional counselor, my passion lies in creating a safe and supportive space for individuals to embark on their journey toward personal growth and flourishing. Guiding clients through life's challenges is not just a job for me; it's a calling. There's something incredibly rewarding about witnessing the transformative power of self-discovery and empowerment.
As a dedicated professional counselor, my passion lies in creating a safe and supportive space for individuals to embark on their journey toward personal growth and flourishing. Guiding clients through life's challenges is not just a job for me; it's a calling. There's something incredibly rewarding about witnessing the transformative power of self-discovery and empowerment.
(484) 759-1005 View (484) 759-1005
Photo of Waded Baquerizo-Mahuad (Bilingual), Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Waded Baquerizo-Mahuad (Bilingual)
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18106  (Online Only)
When things get overwhelming, we have the right to seek support. As an experienced, bilingual (English/Spanish) professional in psychodynamic therapy, my goal is to help you establish emotional balance and personal growth. It is important to me that my clients feel safe and comfortable in a compassionate environment that is free of judgment. I will help you discover the tools needed to engage in internal exploration, strength identification and self-awareness.
When things get overwhelming, we have the right to seek support. As an experienced, bilingual (English/Spanish) professional in psychodynamic therapy, my goal is to help you establish emotional balance and personal growth. It is important to me that my clients feel safe and comfortable in a compassionate environment that is free of judgment. I will help you discover the tools needed to engage in internal exploration, strength identification and self-awareness.
(833) 356-0275 View (833) 356-0275
Photo of Jonathan Michael Getz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Jonathan Michael Getz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18106
I have spent two decades helping adults, families and adolescents. I feel everyone has the opportunity to better their situation, and I offer hope and support in each client's journey. I do not enter any session with pre-planned ideas, and I feel adaptability and knowledge are my strengths. Although I may be the "expert" in psychology, I feel each client is the "expert" on themselves. I look forward to joining you in your journey, wherever you may wish to go. I have evening hours available.
I have spent two decades helping adults, families and adolescents. I feel everyone has the opportunity to better their situation, and I offer hope and support in each client's journey. I do not enter any session with pre-planned ideas, and I feel adaptability and knowledge are my strengths. Although I may be the "expert" in psychology, I feel each client is the "expert" on themselves. I look forward to joining you in your journey, wherever you may wish to go. I have evening hours available.
(610) 915-8147 View (610) 915-8147
Photo of Summit View Counseling,LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Allentown, PA
Summit View Counseling,LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18103
Our practice focuses on Empowerment. Conveniently located in the heart of the Lehigh Valley. We offer individual, couples and family counseling. Co-parenting sessions also available. Day & evening appointments. Accepting most insurances, reasonable self pay rates. Our clinicians together have over 30 years of experience. Reach for a better you!
Our practice focuses on Empowerment. Conveniently located in the heart of the Lehigh Valley. We offer individual, couples and family counseling. Co-parenting sessions also available. Day & evening appointments. Accepting most insurances, reasonable self pay rates. Our clinicians together have over 30 years of experience. Reach for a better you!
(610) 981-1095 View (610) 981-1095
Photo of Assal Parvizad, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Allentown, PA
Assal Parvizad
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18103  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! Making the decision to enter therapy and finding the right therapist can feel overwhelming. My goal as a therapist is to create a strong partnership, where you can feel completely comfortable to "let go" and work towards a happier and healthier future. Whether you are dealing with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, or just the heaviness of everyday life, I will adjust my therapeutic approach to meet your needs. While I will always be in your corner, I will also challenge you and push you to identify patterns and barriers that stand in your way of personal growth.
Hello and welcome! Making the decision to enter therapy and finding the right therapist can feel overwhelming. My goal as a therapist is to create a strong partnership, where you can feel completely comfortable to "let go" and work towards a happier and healthier future. Whether you are dealing with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, or just the heaviness of everyday life, I will adjust my therapeutic approach to meet your needs. While I will always be in your corner, I will also challenge you and push you to identify patterns and barriers that stand in your way of personal growth.
(856) 452-7784 View (856) 452-7784
Photo of Marci L Pambianchi, Licensed Professional Counselor in Allentown, PA
Marci L Pambianchi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18104
Whether you're experiencing a recent difficulty or a long-standing challenge, most of my clients trace depression and anxiety issues back to trauma. When people are traumatized, it often shapes their beliefs about themselves or their lives. Utilizing a safe, non-judgmental and supportive environment, I strive to help my clients identify underlying beliefs, address certain behaviors, attitudes and emotions. We collaborate to establish healthier and more effective patterns of behaviors. I believe when we attain insight we can feel increased freedom and optimism; we no longer feel "stuck" and hopeless in our pain.
Whether you're experiencing a recent difficulty or a long-standing challenge, most of my clients trace depression and anxiety issues back to trauma. When people are traumatized, it often shapes their beliefs about themselves or their lives. Utilizing a safe, non-judgmental and supportive environment, I strive to help my clients identify underlying beliefs, address certain behaviors, attitudes and emotions. We collaborate to establish healthier and more effective patterns of behaviors. I believe when we attain insight we can feel increased freedom and optimism; we no longer feel "stuck" and hopeless in our pain.
(484) 729-1746 View (484) 729-1746
Photo of Jessica Hollander, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Allentown, PA
Jessica Hollander
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18104  (Online Only)
Does it feel like you're going through life on autopilot? Sure, you're getting through day-to-day life...but you're not really living. You might be a woman who is drowning under expectations of everyone around you, neglecting your own needs just to keep others happy. Maybe you're noticing anxious thoughts & feelings creeping into every area of your life...and it's starting to feel like you can never get anything right. Or perhaps you're the parent of a teen who is struggling, and despite everything you've tried, they still aren't themselves. You're tired of feeling like life is passing you by, and you know its time for a change
Does it feel like you're going through life on autopilot? Sure, you're getting through day-to-day life...but you're not really living. You might be a woman who is drowning under expectations of everyone around you, neglecting your own needs just to keep others happy. Maybe you're noticing anxious thoughts & feelings creeping into every area of your life...and it's starting to feel like you can never get anything right. Or perhaps you're the parent of a teen who is struggling, and despite everything you've tried, they still aren't themselves. You're tired of feeling like life is passing you by, and you know its time for a change
(610) 686-3824 View (610) 686-3824
Photo of Kimberly Ann Ernst-Ganey, Psychologist in Allentown, PA
Kimberly Ann Ernst-Ganey
Psychologist, MEd
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18104
I am an empathetic, compassionate licensed psychologist with 24 years experience. My approach to counseling is eclectic based on your unique treatment goals. I provide both individual counseling, family counseling, as well as psychological evaluations/testing and behavior modification. I specialize in trauma and bereavement therapy for people of all ages. I help people and their families find their inner strengths, creativity and problem solving in order to cope with a variety of life's challenges.
I am an empathetic, compassionate licensed psychologist with 24 years experience. My approach to counseling is eclectic based on your unique treatment goals. I provide both individual counseling, family counseling, as well as psychological evaluations/testing and behavior modification. I specialize in trauma and bereavement therapy for people of all ages. I help people and their families find their inner strengths, creativity and problem solving in order to cope with a variety of life's challenges.
(484) 406-3131 View (484) 406-3131
Photo of Faith Montgomery, Pre-Licensed Professional in Allentown, PA
Faith Montgomery
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Allentown, PA 18103  (Online Only)
It can be easy to feel lost in a demanding world where there seems to be no room for wellness. I am here to help you integrate mindfulness practices into your daily life to help ease distress. I will work with you to find stability within yourself utilizing somatic based therapies and existential exploration. Together we will take the journey in transcending beliefs, habits and thoughts that are no longer serving your highest well being.
It can be easy to feel lost in a demanding world where there seems to be no room for wellness. I am here to help you integrate mindfulness practices into your daily life to help ease distress. I will work with you to find stability within yourself utilizing somatic based therapies and existential exploration. Together we will take the journey in transcending beliefs, habits and thoughts that are no longer serving your highest well being.
(484) 289-0385 View (484) 289-0385
Photo of Janet Grossner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Allentown, PA
Janet Grossner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Allentown, PA 18195  (Online Only)
I encourage you to take the first step and begin to feel better. I am a licensed psychotherapist with 30 years of experience who has developed insight and wisdom about the problems which confront college age and adults in all life phases. I have a general individual psychotherapy practice with experience treating adult depression, anxiety, self esteem, relationship issues and phase of life transitions. I also work with family and parenting issues with respect for the many complex difficulties facing families today. I offer a compassionate and caring approach, utilizing a variety of psychotherapy techniques determined by individual needs and issues.
I encourage you to take the first step and begin to feel better. I am a licensed psychotherapist with 30 years of experience who has developed insight and wisdom about the problems which confront college age and adults in all life phases. I have a general individual psychotherapy practice with experience treating adult depression, anxiety, self esteem, relationship issues and phase of life transitions. I also work with family and parenting issues with respect for the many complex difficulties facing families today. I offer a compassionate and caring approach, utilizing a variety of psychotherapy techniques determined by individual needs and issues.
(610) 915-8623 View (610) 915-8623

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Allentown, PA

500+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Allentown, PA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
68% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues
59% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Highmark
77% Aetna
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Allentown, PA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Allentown?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.