Therapists in Harrisburg, PA

Photo of Carissa Shobe, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Carissa Shobe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112
Carissa is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 12 years of experience, specializing in treating depression, anxiety, substance abuse, PTSD, personality disorders, and severe mental illness. She treats patients above the age of 14 by using a holistic, trauma-informed approach to support a person's strengths, reduce distress associated with maladaptive coping mechanisms, and develop ways to better manage stress. Carissa aims to provide individuals with the tools and skills to live a life in line with their goals related to personal growth.
Carissa is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 12 years of experience, specializing in treating depression, anxiety, substance abuse, PTSD, personality disorders, and severe mental illness. She treats patients above the age of 14 by using a holistic, trauma-informed approach to support a person's strengths, reduce distress associated with maladaptive coping mechanisms, and develop ways to better manage stress. Carissa aims to provide individuals with the tools and skills to live a life in line with their goals related to personal growth.
(717) 993-1885 View (717) 993-1885
Photo of Rafat Omar, Psychologist in Harrisburg, PA
Rafat Omar
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17111  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Dr. Rafat Omar. I'm a licensed clinical psychologist in Pennsylvania. I work with clients of all ages, couples, and families.
Hello, I'm Dr. Rafat Omar. I'm a licensed clinical psychologist in Pennsylvania. I work with clients of all ages, couples, and families.
(717) 923-5183 View (717) 923-5183
Photo of Janice Newcomer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Janice Newcomer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CAC, LPC
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112
"I believe all persons have the ability to resolve issues that are problematic for them. My job as a therapist is to help clients develop their strengths while at the same time, reduce unproductive behaviors that block movement towards resolution. I use a client centered, cognitive behavioral therapeutic approach to empower clients in resolving concerns, achieving goals and developing greater emotional health."
"I believe all persons have the ability to resolve issues that are problematic for them. My job as a therapist is to help clients develop their strengths while at the same time, reduce unproductive behaviors that block movement towards resolution. I use a client centered, cognitive behavioral therapeutic approach to empower clients in resolving concerns, achieving goals and developing greater emotional health."
(717) 778-4277 x101 View (717) 778-4277 x101
Photo of Gabby Chisholm (Telehealth) - Please Email, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Gabby Chisholm (Telehealth) - Please Email
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Harrisburg, PA 17104  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Gabby! I'm a licensed and national board-certified counselor that has 12 years of experience in the human services field. I’ve previously provided individual, family/marital and group counseling in schools, communities, community agencies, residential homes/treatment centers, a juvenile shelter/detention center and an outpatient substance abuse treatment facility. My work with a variety of populations across settings has helped me to build skills working with many populations, but I specialize in treating anxiety, depression and other life issues in adults. I currently own and operate Total Wellness, a private practice.
Hi, I’m Gabby! I'm a licensed and national board-certified counselor that has 12 years of experience in the human services field. I’ve previously provided individual, family/marital and group counseling in schools, communities, community agencies, residential homes/treatment centers, a juvenile shelter/detention center and an outpatient substance abuse treatment facility. My work with a variety of populations across settings has helped me to build skills working with many populations, but I specialize in treating anxiety, depression and other life issues in adults. I currently own and operate Total Wellness, a private practice.
(717) 537-9326 View (717) 537-9326
Photo of Jason Boes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Jason Boes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Harrisburg, PA 17109
If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation, or you're just looking to refine your parenting skills, I look forward to working with you and your family.
If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation, or you're just looking to refine your parenting skills, I look forward to working with you and your family.
(717) 639-2499 View (717) 639-2499
Photo of Amy E Dows, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Amy E Dows
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MCC, DMin
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Harrisburg, PA 17109  (Online Only)
My goal in therapy is to provide an atmosphere of safety and trust where individuals feel free to express themselves without judgment. I see clients with a wide range of concerns including anxiety, depression, relationship issues, life transitions, trauma, and grief and loss. I use a person-centered approach to therapy focusing on client strengths and psychological resilience. I am also an ordained pastor in the United Church of Christ and include spirituality and religious concerns as requested.
My goal in therapy is to provide an atmosphere of safety and trust where individuals feel free to express themselves without judgment. I see clients with a wide range of concerns including anxiety, depression, relationship issues, life transitions, trauma, and grief and loss. I use a person-centered approach to therapy focusing on client strengths and psychological resilience. I am also an ordained pastor in the United Church of Christ and include spirituality and religious concerns as requested.
(717) 912-4123 View (717) 912-4123
Photo of Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Harrisburg, PA
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17102
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
(223) 204-2190 x1 View (223) 204-2190 x1
Photo of InStride Health, Psychologist in Harrisburg, PA
InStride Health
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17101  (Online Only)
InStride Health specializes in treating young patients whose anxiety or OCD is causing significant impairment in life (ie., school avoidance, social isolation, family disruption, and physical manifestations.) Practicing evidence-based treatment (CBT, ACT, components of DBT) with an emphasis on exposure, the InStride team empowers youth to face their fears and build resilience.
InStride Health specializes in treating young patients whose anxiety or OCD is causing significant impairment in life (ie., school avoidance, social isolation, family disruption, and physical manifestations.) Practicing evidence-based treatment (CBT, ACT, components of DBT) with an emphasis on exposure, the InStride team empowers youth to face their fears and build resilience.
(223) 217-5270 View (223) 217-5270
Photo of Katie Henson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Harrisburg, PA
Katie Henson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Harrisburg, PA 17102
The work I do is unique to each individual. Your life story is your own and finding a place to feel empowered, validated, challenged, and grown in healthy and supportive ways is waiting for you. By utilizing numerous modalities, approaches, techniques, and skills, I am able to offer you a place to reconnect with or discover your worth and value. I typically see individuals ages 16 and over as well as couples.
The work I do is unique to each individual. Your life story is your own and finding a place to feel empowered, validated, challenged, and grown in healthy and supportive ways is waiting for you. By utilizing numerous modalities, approaches, techniques, and skills, I am able to offer you a place to reconnect with or discover your worth and value. I typically see individuals ages 16 and over as well as couples.
(223) 332-4590 View (223) 332-4590
Photo of Lisa Verbos, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Lisa Verbos
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112
Hello, and welcome to the Women's Counseling Center: counseling for women, by women. I use a solution focused, strengths based approach to help you build a meaningful and productive life. During my close to 20 years of service, I have collaborated with individuals over a variety of life changes from finding more satisfaction in careers and relationships, navigating family conflict and divorce, healing from trauma, caring for children with extraordinary needs, and learning new skills to address unwanted habits.
Hello, and welcome to the Women's Counseling Center: counseling for women, by women. I use a solution focused, strengths based approach to help you build a meaningful and productive life. During my close to 20 years of service, I have collaborated with individuals over a variety of life changes from finding more satisfaction in careers and relationships, navigating family conflict and divorce, healing from trauma, caring for children with extraordinary needs, and learning new skills to address unwanted habits.
(717) 344-5764 View (717) 344-5764
Photo of Caralyne Schoffstall, Marriage & Family Therapist in Harrisburg, PA
Caralyne Schoffstall
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Harrisburg, PA 17112
Not accepting new clients
There is no shame in being a "work in progress." Each of us is one - myself included. I am a human being just like you, and I am here to say that it's okay to be where you are. It's okay to ask for help. Therapy is a sacred place in which there is no judgment, only room to explore the origins and outcomes of your struggles. Whether those struggles are in areas of identity, self-worth, depression, anxiety, relationships, trust, parenting, illness, loss, or spirituality, I'm here to help you make meaning of whatever troubles you.
There is no shame in being a "work in progress." Each of us is one - myself included. I am a human being just like you, and I am here to say that it's okay to be where you are. It's okay to ask for help. Therapy is a sacred place in which there is no judgment, only room to explore the origins and outcomes of your struggles. Whether those struggles are in areas of identity, self-worth, depression, anxiety, relationships, trust, parenting, illness, loss, or spirituality, I'm here to help you make meaning of whatever troubles you.
(223) 217-2509 View (223) 217-2509
Photo of Kyle Newkam, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Kyle Newkam
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Harrisburg, PA 17102
Not accepting new clients
Availability: None at this time. I work with children, adolescents, and adults. I am a believer that counseling is a place where an individual can work to understand themselves (developing self-awareness) and manage themselves (managing mind-body and true self). My job is to help you in your journey of personal growth. Every person has unique and valuable skills within them. Our goal in therapy is to find what you want to change, what those unique skills are, and to work toward your goals. Often times people come to therapy because they feel disconnected and struggling. Our therapy will be a place for rejuvenation.
Availability: None at this time. I work with children, adolescents, and adults. I am a believer that counseling is a place where an individual can work to understand themselves (developing self-awareness) and manage themselves (managing mind-body and true self). My job is to help you in your journey of personal growth. Every person has unique and valuable skills within them. Our goal in therapy is to find what you want to change, what those unique skills are, and to work toward your goals. Often times people come to therapy because they feel disconnected and struggling. Our therapy will be a place for rejuvenation.
(717) 384-2418 View (717) 384-2418
Photo of Mara A Holtzman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Mara A Holtzman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, DBTNCAA
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112
Waitlist for new clients
With my unique personal and professional background, my goal as a therapist is to help you explore and define your challenges. I offer a safe, supportive and collaborative atmosphere for positive changes to take place. Realized success is evidenced in your personal growth and your positive changes made through treatment. I have developed a strong network of referrals from existing and former clients. Treatment is provided utilizing a variety of approaches. I work with senior citizens, adolescents, individuals, couples and families.
With my unique personal and professional background, my goal as a therapist is to help you explore and define your challenges. I offer a safe, supportive and collaborative atmosphere for positive changes to take place. Realized success is evidenced in your personal growth and your positive changes made through treatment. I have developed a strong network of referrals from existing and former clients. Treatment is provided utilizing a variety of approaches. I work with senior citizens, adolescents, individuals, couples and families.
(717) 484-9374 View (717) 484-9374
Photo of Alexandria Lynn Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Harrisburg, PA
Alexandria Lynn Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17109
Alexandria is deeply passionate about sex, relationships, and fostering meaningful conversations to bring people closer to their individual self, partner(s), and groups. She wholeheartedly supports people in their healing to develop confidence and take meaningful steps in their life, relationships, intimacy, and sexuality. Alexandria also offers Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy as well as Psychedelic Integration Therapy. Psychedelic integration therapy involves supporting you before and/or after an experience with psychedelic medicine.
Alexandria is deeply passionate about sex, relationships, and fostering meaningful conversations to bring people closer to their individual self, partner(s), and groups. She wholeheartedly supports people in their healing to develop confidence and take meaningful steps in their life, relationships, intimacy, and sexuality. Alexandria also offers Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy as well as Psychedelic Integration Therapy. Psychedelic integration therapy involves supporting you before and/or after an experience with psychedelic medicine.
(717) 619-8394 View (717) 619-8394
Photo of Kenneth J Sutton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Kenneth J Sutton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, SAP, MAC, CAADC, CAMS
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17110
I am a License Mental Health and a National Certified Master's Level Drug and Alcohol Therapist. Presently, I am the only National Certified Anger Management Specialist in Harrisburg and Carlisle. Thank you for visiting my profile. If you are reading this, your suffering has likely reached a point where you are considering professional help. I am so pleased you have taken the first step towards wellness. I believe that you are the most important part of your healing. It is very important to me that you get the results you are looking for in therapy and that your experience is a very positive one. My practice is founded on evidence-based therapeutic interventions, including Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT).
I am a License Mental Health and a National Certified Master's Level Drug and Alcohol Therapist. Presently, I am the only National Certified Anger Management Specialist in Harrisburg and Carlisle. Thank you for visiting my profile. If you are reading this, your suffering has likely reached a point where you are considering professional help. I am so pleased you have taken the first step towards wellness. I believe that you are the most important part of your healing. It is very important to me that you get the results you are looking for in therapy and that your experience is a very positive one. My practice is founded on evidence-based therapeutic interventions, including Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT).
(717) 619-8122 View (717) 619-8122
Photo of Becky Budzina, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Becky Budzina
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, LBS
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112  (Online Only)
Welcome to my page! I am glad that you are here. This means you want something better for your life, and that is an AMAZING first step to take! Maybe you struggle with fears or regrets that are weighing you down, keeping you from living the life you want live? Maybe you feel alone in this world and are struggling to find your tribe of people who get you? Maybe you are just struggling with understanding yourself or others, and this keeps you awake at night... No matter what it is, let me walk this path with you so you are not alone, and together we can create the life that you want to live! Let's get you started today!
Welcome to my page! I am glad that you are here. This means you want something better for your life, and that is an AMAZING first step to take! Maybe you struggle with fears or regrets that are weighing you down, keeping you from living the life you want live? Maybe you feel alone in this world and are struggling to find your tribe of people who get you? Maybe you are just struggling with understanding yourself or others, and this keeps you awake at night... No matter what it is, let me walk this path with you so you are not alone, and together we can create the life that you want to live! Let's get you started today!
(717) 923-5819 View (717) 923-5819
Photo of David Baker, Psychologist in Harrisburg, PA
David Baker
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112
I am licensed in Pennsylvania with 12 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, lgbt-related issues, & trauma and abuse. I also have experience working with depression. I work with my clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage and I am proud of you for getting started! Dr. David Baker earned his Psy. D. from Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) in 2007 and has been a Licensed Psychologist since 2010.
I am licensed in Pennsylvania with 12 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, lgbt-related issues, & trauma and abuse. I also have experience working with depression. I work with my clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage and I am proud of you for getting started! Dr. David Baker earned his Psy. D. from Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) in 2007 and has been a Licensed Psychologist since 2010.
(717) 837-9136 View (717) 837-9136
Photo of Joy Hutchinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Harrisburg, PA
Joy Hutchinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17112  (Online Only)
There have been a lot of changes in the past two years. With those changes, I have witnessed an increase in depression and anxiety of those around me. If this describes you, I am here to help. I am available to help anyone who is looking to increase their coping skills and get back to enjoying their lives. I utilize evidenced-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to address how someone's thoughts are interfering with achieving their goals. We set small, baby steps each week to work towards obtaining their treatment goal, and will evaluate barriers to their success.
There have been a lot of changes in the past two years. With those changes, I have witnessed an increase in depression and anxiety of those around me. If this describes you, I am here to help. I am available to help anyone who is looking to increase their coping skills and get back to enjoying their lives. I utilize evidenced-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to address how someone's thoughts are interfering with achieving their goals. We set small, baby steps each week to work towards obtaining their treatment goal, and will evaluate barriers to their success.
(717) 946-8415 View (717) 946-8415
Photo of Amanda Levison, Licensed Professional Counselor in Harrisburg, PA
Amanda Levison
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Harrisburg, PA 17110
Life can get a little overwhelming at times. Whether it's stress at work, problems at home, or you just haven't been feeling like yourself; therapy can help. I help by engaging with individuals and families by providing guidance and support through active listening and communication to overcome obstacles, utilizing calming techniques and guided imagery through Neurofeedback to alleviate symptoms related to health and behavior conditions. It also improves focus, attention, and memory by training your brain to maximize achievement, performance, and productivity.
Life can get a little overwhelming at times. Whether it's stress at work, problems at home, or you just haven't been feeling like yourself; therapy can help. I help by engaging with individuals and families by providing guidance and support through active listening and communication to overcome obstacles, utilizing calming techniques and guided imagery through Neurofeedback to alleviate symptoms related to health and behavior conditions. It also improves focus, attention, and memory by training your brain to maximize achievement, performance, and productivity.
(717) 977-4017 View (717) 977-4017
Photo of Grace Be Mental Health, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Harrisburg, PA
Grace Be Mental Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdD, LCSW, MSW, MA, BSW
Verified Verified
Harrisburg, PA 17110
At Grace Be Mental Health, we believe in the importance of holistic health! We believe in the mind, body, soul connection. We strive to meet each client where they are, taking a person-centered approach. We intend for therapy to be a safe space! We view therapy as a tool, and an experience that can assist in the life-long process of learning and re-learning ourselves. We are honored to be a part of the work of self-development with each client we get to know! Specialties include anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, body image, ADD/ADHD, OCD, anger management, chronic pain, chronic illness, and adjustment disorders.
At Grace Be Mental Health, we believe in the importance of holistic health! We believe in the mind, body, soul connection. We strive to meet each client where they are, taking a person-centered approach. We intend for therapy to be a safe space! We view therapy as a tool, and an experience that can assist in the life-long process of learning and re-learning ourselves. We are honored to be a part of the work of self-development with each client we get to know! Specialties include anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, body image, ADD/ADHD, OCD, anger management, chronic pain, chronic illness, and adjustment disorders.
(223) 218-2588 View (223) 218-2588

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Harrisburg, PA

300+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Harrisburg, PA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
71% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
68% Relationship Issues
63% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Highmark
74% Optum
71% Aetna

How Therapists in Harrisburg, PA see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
24% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Harrisburg?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.