Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

View neighborhoods in Philadelphia
Photo of Leah Bayuk, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Leah Bayuk
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
As a compassionate and empathic licensed professional counselor, I am dedicated to helping individuals conquer anxiety and regain control over their lives. I specialize in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and anxiety disorders. My goal is to provide a supportive and judgment-free space where clients can find relief from the burden of anxiety and OCD. My therapeutic approach is primarily rooted in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), which have been proven effective in managing and reducing the symptoms of OCD and related anxiety disorders.
As a compassionate and empathic licensed professional counselor, I am dedicated to helping individuals conquer anxiety and regain control over their lives. I specialize in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and anxiety disorders. My goal is to provide a supportive and judgment-free space where clients can find relief from the burden of anxiety and OCD. My therapeutic approach is primarily rooted in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), which have been proven effective in managing and reducing the symptoms of OCD and related anxiety disorders.
(267) 680-8161 View (267) 680-8161
Photo of Sherri McElfatrick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Sherri McElfatrick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19147
As you begin your journey to self healing I would like to be an empowering support person for you. I believe we all have personal strengths and the resilience to overcome life’s challenges. My goal is to create a safe space where you feel comfortable sharing and working through issues and concerns that you are facing. I believe in listening to one’s story and validating feelings. I have several years experience working in grief and loss and chronic illness. Past losses if not dealt with will present itself throughout life when other losses occur.
As you begin your journey to self healing I would like to be an empowering support person for you. I believe we all have personal strengths and the resilience to overcome life’s challenges. My goal is to create a safe space where you feel comfortable sharing and working through issues and concerns that you are facing. I believe in listening to one’s story and validating feelings. I have several years experience working in grief and loss and chronic illness. Past losses if not dealt with will present itself throughout life when other losses occur.
(267) 356-4327 View (267) 356-4327
Photo of Lindsay Fitzgerald, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Lindsay Fitzgerald
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19107
I am Clinical Social Worker licensed in New York and Pennsylvania. I have a holistic, laid-back, and compassionate approach to building relationships. I use talk therapy in combination with music, art, and mindfulness to understand where you are coming from. I hope to foster a non-judgmental space for you to process and understand your inner self.
I am Clinical Social Worker licensed in New York and Pennsylvania. I have a holistic, laid-back, and compassionate approach to building relationships. I use talk therapy in combination with music, art, and mindfulness to understand where you are coming from. I hope to foster a non-judgmental space for you to process and understand your inner self.
(267) 641-6135 View (267) 641-6135
Photo of Nikki Cohen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Nikki Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
I work with people who are interested in improving their relationships with one another. Therapy is a place where partners can learn how to disrupt old patterns and start experiencing the pleasure of interacting in new ways. The work involves talking, examining the obstacles to talking, and using what happens in sessions as a way to understand what goes on outside of therapy. It also involves bringing creativity to the problems at hand and trying things differently.
I work with people who are interested in improving their relationships with one another. Therapy is a place where partners can learn how to disrupt old patterns and start experiencing the pleasure of interacting in new ways. The work involves talking, examining the obstacles to talking, and using what happens in sessions as a way to understand what goes on outside of therapy. It also involves bringing creativity to the problems at hand and trying things differently.
(413) 207-0625 View (413) 207-0625
Photo of Joanna Vanore, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Joanna Vanore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19127  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life's complexities often give us transitions we may not be prepared for. My intent is to support and empower my clients as they learn how to support themselves. I hope to join you in gaining new clarity and perspective during times of change. I have worked with individuals who are chronically ill, older adults and their families for over a decade and have a particular appreciation for supporting those during the sacredness of end of life. Grief and loss is a complicated process, let me join you as we navigate living through loss together.
Life's complexities often give us transitions we may not be prepared for. My intent is to support and empower my clients as they learn how to support themselves. I hope to join you in gaining new clarity and perspective during times of change. I have worked with individuals who are chronically ill, older adults and their families for over a decade and have a particular appreciation for supporting those during the sacredness of end of life. Grief and loss is a complicated process, let me join you as we navigate living through loss together.
(215) 709-7354 View (215) 709-7354
Photo of Erika Andersen, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Erika Andersen
Pre-Licensed Professional, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19139  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel that your life is an overwhelming balancing act and you are working all the time to keep everything from crashing down? Work, school, relationships, taking care of yourself? You might feel depleted like even small tasks feel challenging and life less vibrant, less fulfilling. Maybe it's just that one more thing that brings things to a boil: a reminder of something painful that happened, a loss. The constant juggling is exhausting and all you want is a break. A chance to catch your breath. You want to feel like yourself.
Do you ever feel that your life is an overwhelming balancing act and you are working all the time to keep everything from crashing down? Work, school, relationships, taking care of yourself? You might feel depleted like even small tasks feel challenging and life less vibrant, less fulfilling. Maybe it's just that one more thing that brings things to a boil: a reminder of something painful that happened, a loss. The constant juggling is exhausting and all you want is a break. A chance to catch your breath. You want to feel like yourself.
(610) 609-8871 View (610) 609-8871
Photo of Tanvi S Gupta, Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Tanvi S Gupta
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Do you always feel like you have to be perfect or please everyone? Having constant thoughts about not being good enough? This can be because of a pressure from family, society, or culture. You might experience resentment, yet feel guilty about complaining. Maybe you want to make a change for yourself, but just feel stuck or unmotivated. This might be causing frustration.
Do you always feel like you have to be perfect or please everyone? Having constant thoughts about not being good enough? This can be because of a pressure from family, society, or culture. You might experience resentment, yet feel guilty about complaining. Maybe you want to make a change for yourself, but just feel stuck or unmotivated. This might be causing frustration.
(267) 365-3315 View (267) 365-3315
Photo of Shannon Tissera, Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Shannon Tissera
Counselor, MHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
I welcome each and every person who is ready to give therapy a try into my practice. I have always been inspired by working with clients of all identities and enjoy learning about different cultures, identities and beliefs. Being a minority woman, I specifically enjoy working with other minority women as I am able to provide them with a sense of comfort and hope as we navigate their world together.
I welcome each and every person who is ready to give therapy a try into my practice. I have always been inspired by working with clients of all identities and enjoy learning about different cultures, identities and beliefs. Being a minority woman, I specifically enjoy working with other minority women as I am able to provide them with a sense of comfort and hope as we navigate their world together.
(267) 490-3466 View (267) 490-3466
Photo of Tahirah Gaillard, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Tahirah Gaillard
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19150  (Online Only)
I want to help women who have lost their ability to see their worth, those struggling to process life experiences, or those who want someone to walk the journey of wholeness and healing alongside them. Whether through specific challenging experiences or everyday life responsibilities. I help women with self-esteem and confidence, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression, or other emotional dysregulations. You deserve to walk through life with your head held high, Queen, so your crown never falls off!
I want to help women who have lost their ability to see their worth, those struggling to process life experiences, or those who want someone to walk the journey of wholeness and healing alongside them. Whether through specific challenging experiences or everyday life responsibilities. I help women with self-esteem and confidence, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression, or other emotional dysregulations. You deserve to walk through life with your head held high, Queen, so your crown never falls off!
(267) 214-7763 View (267) 214-7763
Photo of Ella Chrelashvili, Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Ella Chrelashvili
Counselor, MA, LAC, NCC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Navigating the complexities of the human experience can be hard and confusing. Despite our best efforts to construct a life aligned with our dreams and aspirations, we often find ourselves confronted by waves of pain, anxiety, grief, trauma, depression, stress, and guilt. In the midst of these struggles, it's natural to question ourselves and our behaviors, wondering, “What's wrong with me?” We feel exhausted as we desperately try to change ourselves, seeking any form of relief from the relentless tide of inner turmoil, yet it seems that nothing we do brings the desired results.
Navigating the complexities of the human experience can be hard and confusing. Despite our best efforts to construct a life aligned with our dreams and aspirations, we often find ourselves confronted by waves of pain, anxiety, grief, trauma, depression, stress, and guilt. In the midst of these struggles, it's natural to question ourselves and our behaviors, wondering, “What's wrong with me?” We feel exhausted as we desperately try to change ourselves, seeking any form of relief from the relentless tide of inner turmoil, yet it seems that nothing we do brings the desired results.
(267) 710-9141 View (267) 710-9141
Photo of Alissa Zrein, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Alissa Zrein
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19125
As a therapist, I aim to foster a safe and authentic space where my clients are able to openly process their thoughts, emotions, struggles, and behaviors without judgment. I greatly enjoy supporting the process of self-exploration, delving into one’s past as a means to better understand their present, and celebrating and empowering the strength and resilience of my clients. I deeply believe in one’s right to self-determination, that each individual is the expert in their own life, and that we are all deserving of a space to feel heard, emotionally held, and supported in our mental health journey.
As a therapist, I aim to foster a safe and authentic space where my clients are able to openly process their thoughts, emotions, struggles, and behaviors without judgment. I greatly enjoy supporting the process of self-exploration, delving into one’s past as a means to better understand their present, and celebrating and empowering the strength and resilience of my clients. I deeply believe in one’s right to self-determination, that each individual is the expert in their own life, and that we are all deserving of a space to feel heard, emotionally held, and supported in our mental health journey.
(215) 600-0236 View (215) 600-0236
Photo of Risa Malaczewski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Risa Malaczewski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression and life in general? You have been dealing with stress for so long and you feel like you need to talk to someone. If you are overwhelmed, lost and feeling down, I would like to talk to you about how therapy can benefit you. I use a person-centered, empowerment-focused approach. I believe everyone has strengths within oneself, given unconditional positive regard and judgment-free space. I strive to create a radically safe space in which clients feel seen. head and validated because the therapeutic relationship itself is a powerful therapeutic intervention.
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression and life in general? You have been dealing with stress for so long and you feel like you need to talk to someone. If you are overwhelmed, lost and feeling down, I would like to talk to you about how therapy can benefit you. I use a person-centered, empowerment-focused approach. I believe everyone has strengths within oneself, given unconditional positive regard and judgment-free space. I strive to create a radically safe space in which clients feel seen. head and validated because the therapeutic relationship itself is a powerful therapeutic intervention.
(484) 946-3918 View (484) 946-3918
Photo of Kimberly Dwyer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Kimberly Dwyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19148  (Online Only)
Do you feel disconnected from life, work, or relationships? I work with teens, young adults, and parents to build on their strengths and break unhelpful patterns. My goals as a therapist is help clients build skills to reach their goals and feel successful in all areas of their lives. I also enjoy working with parents to develop tools and strategies to manage challenging behaviors with their child or teen. Using attachment theories to explore patterns, I work to strengthen relationships amongst families.
Do you feel disconnected from life, work, or relationships? I work with teens, young adults, and parents to build on their strengths and break unhelpful patterns. My goals as a therapist is help clients build skills to reach their goals and feel successful in all areas of their lives. I also enjoy working with parents to develop tools and strategies to manage challenging behaviors with their child or teen. Using attachment theories to explore patterns, I work to strengthen relationships amongst families.
(267) 493-1766 View (267) 493-1766
Photo of Erika Pranzo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Erika Pranzo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19147  (Online Only)
Being a mother is the greatest joy of life, right? Maybe that is what you were told or maybe that is even how you feel from time to time. But right now, you constantly feel like you cannot catch a break. If any of this sounds familiar to you, please know that you are not alone. I work with women overcoming the challenges of anxiety, depression, pregnancy & postpartum and work/life balance. Through our work together, we can build healthy boundaries, communication tools and coping skills to make life a little easier. As someone who can understand, I look forward to helping you break old patterns and build a life you truly enjoy.
Being a mother is the greatest joy of life, right? Maybe that is what you were told or maybe that is even how you feel from time to time. But right now, you constantly feel like you cannot catch a break. If any of this sounds familiar to you, please know that you are not alone. I work with women overcoming the challenges of anxiety, depression, pregnancy & postpartum and work/life balance. Through our work together, we can build healthy boundaries, communication tools and coping skills to make life a little easier. As someone who can understand, I look forward to helping you break old patterns and build a life you truly enjoy.
(267) 609-9386 View (267) 609-9386
Photo of Victoria Prisco, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Victoria Prisco
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCAT, LPC, CAADC, PMP, ADHD-CP
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19125  (Online Only)
Do you feel like your internal GPS keeps rerouting, leaving you restless and yearning for groundedness? Is your inner critic a constant companion, drowning out your self-compassion in a chorus of "shoulds" and "not-good-enoughs"? As a therapist & special educator specializing in ADHD, woman's health & intergenerational trauma, I see you, the incredible person you are navigating the chaos with immense strength. Together, let's untangle the threads of your past and break free from the cycles that no longer serve you. We'll use data driven interventions to cultivate inner peace.
Do you feel like your internal GPS keeps rerouting, leaving you restless and yearning for groundedness? Is your inner critic a constant companion, drowning out your self-compassion in a chorus of "shoulds" and "not-good-enoughs"? As a therapist & special educator specializing in ADHD, woman's health & intergenerational trauma, I see you, the incredible person you are navigating the chaos with immense strength. Together, let's untangle the threads of your past and break free from the cycles that no longer serve you. We'll use data driven interventions to cultivate inner peace.
(215) 261-5784 View (215) 261-5784
Photo of Alyssa Hansen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Alyssa Hansen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19125  (Online Only)
I am an individual and family therapist who strives to create a non-judgmental and supportive therapeutic space for you to share your story. All humans experience stress, transitions, relationship difficulties, and mood changes, and I truly believe that therapy can help support healthy processing of life's ups and downs. Whether you are a new parent, a college student, or a person experiencing a loss, I am here to share in your journey.
I am an individual and family therapist who strives to create a non-judgmental and supportive therapeutic space for you to share your story. All humans experience stress, transitions, relationship difficulties, and mood changes, and I truly believe that therapy can help support healthy processing of life's ups and downs. Whether you are a new parent, a college student, or a person experiencing a loss, I am here to share in your journey.
(215) 352-5059 View (215) 352-5059
Photo of Daniel Ruckdeschel, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Daniel Ruckdeschel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Not accepting new clients
Accepting new clients for video sessions during COVID-19 shut-down. While the coronavirus outbreak impacts each of us, individuals who have experienced prior traumatic events, and those predisposed to depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress response, are uniquely vulnerable. Managing these conditions in the context of a complex global health crisis presents a unique challenge. With over 18 years of professional practice, and a specific background, focused on the intersection of mental health, infectious diseases, and complex medical concerns, I feel that I am uniquely capable of helping clients/patients confront that challenge.
Accepting new clients for video sessions during COVID-19 shut-down. While the coronavirus outbreak impacts each of us, individuals who have experienced prior traumatic events, and those predisposed to depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress response, are uniquely vulnerable. Managing these conditions in the context of a complex global health crisis presents a unique challenge. With over 18 years of professional practice, and a specific background, focused on the intersection of mental health, infectious diseases, and complex medical concerns, I feel that I am uniquely capable of helping clients/patients confront that challenge.
(267) 924-4703 View (267) 924-4703
Photo of Alison Tripptree, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Alison Tripptree
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Not accepting new clients
From the beginning of therapy, I want to establish a relationship that feels as comfortable and safe as possible so that we can work collaboratively to decide the direction of therapy. I bring a gentle, calming presence to the relationship, which I balance with active challenge and feedback in order to create the possibility for new behaviors, emotions, and relationship dynamics. . I work from a relational, emotion-focused psychodynamic therapy approach, which emphasizes understanding relationship patterns in the past and present in order to process the emotions related to these experiences.
From the beginning of therapy, I want to establish a relationship that feels as comfortable and safe as possible so that we can work collaboratively to decide the direction of therapy. I bring a gentle, calming presence to the relationship, which I balance with active challenge and feedback in order to create the possibility for new behaviors, emotions, and relationship dynamics. . I work from a relational, emotion-focused psychodynamic therapy approach, which emphasizes understanding relationship patterns in the past and present in order to process the emotions related to these experiences.
View
Photo of Michelle Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Michelle Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19124
Are you looking to make changes in your life and need help and support along the way? I can provide you with knowledge and resources to achieve your goals. I am passionate in helping others with their journey to becoming a better person, and being there to provide support. We all want to be heard and understood. Many times we feel like no one understands us. I am here to listen and help you overcome the obstacles you are facing, and to let you know that you are not alone. I believe anyone can change themselves for the better. I offer flexible hours, accept most major insurances, and I provide telehealth services all throughout PA.
Are you looking to make changes in your life and need help and support along the way? I can provide you with knowledge and resources to achieve your goals. I am passionate in helping others with their journey to becoming a better person, and being there to provide support. We all want to be heard and understood. Many times we feel like no one understands us. I am here to listen and help you overcome the obstacles you are facing, and to let you know that you are not alone. I believe anyone can change themselves for the better. I offer flexible hours, accept most major insurances, and I provide telehealth services all throughout PA.
(215) 610-1666 View (215) 610-1666
Photo of Jodi Houlon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Jodi Houlon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, MPH
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19119  (Online Only)
My ideal client is someone who is motivated to change but needs help finding the right path. I have many years of experience working with children, teens and families as well as individuals. I am a great listener and offer practical advice without being too clinical. I fully embrace cultural competency and welcome clients from all backgrounds.
My ideal client is someone who is motivated to change but needs help finding the right path. I have many years of experience working with children, teens and families as well as individuals. I am a great listener and offer practical advice without being too clinical. I fully embrace cultural competency and welcome clients from all backgrounds.
(267) 494-6685 View (267) 494-6685

See more therapy options for Philadelphia

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$143

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
60% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.