Therapists in Baltimore, MD

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Photo of Karen Mandwelle Caplan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Karen Mandwelle Caplan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21215
I believe that a trusting therapeutic relationship is the foundation of a successful outcome, whether healing from trauma or loss or working on issues of depression, anxiety, bereavement, or family conflict. My aim is to help people become their authentic selves, improve problem solving abilities, and achieve their goals. My approach is individualized, informed by one's particular needs and strengths. I integrate techniques from cognitive behavioral and solution focused therapies, mindfulness training, and psychodynamic therapy.
I believe that a trusting therapeutic relationship is the foundation of a successful outcome, whether healing from trauma or loss or working on issues of depression, anxiety, bereavement, or family conflict. My aim is to help people become their authentic selves, improve problem solving abilities, and achieve their goals. My approach is individualized, informed by one's particular needs and strengths. I integrate techniques from cognitive behavioral and solution focused therapies, mindfulness training, and psychodynamic therapy.
(443) 847-1866 View (443) 847-1866
Photo of Therese Howe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Therese Howe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
We often go about our lives with a very limited scope, moving from one problem to the next. As a therapist, I try to help people look at the big picture. When we zoom out and look at things… like where we’ve been, where we think we’re going, the people we carry with us, how we’re affected by time and our bodies changing, the systems we’re a part of, the ways we’re deeply interconnected… it helps us understand our current experience of the world. It brings our attention to what’s pulling us away from the good in the here and now.
We often go about our lives with a very limited scope, moving from one problem to the next. As a therapist, I try to help people look at the big picture. When we zoom out and look at things… like where we’ve been, where we think we’re going, the people we carry with us, how we’re affected by time and our bodies changing, the systems we’re a part of, the ways we’re deeply interconnected… it helps us understand our current experience of the world. It brings our attention to what’s pulling us away from the good in the here and now.
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Photo of Denise Bike, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Denise Bike
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
Are you tired of the over-think, over-plan, overwhelm, and shut-down cycle? Reach out to me. I specialize in anxiety, early trauma, and adult ADHD. These are highly treatable conditions, and my passion is helping people like you. We'll go beyond talk therapy and skills training to help you shift out of exhausting old patterns. We'll focus on the early issues underlying your symptoms, so you can respond to life's challenges by choice and live from your authentic self.
Are you tired of the over-think, over-plan, overwhelm, and shut-down cycle? Reach out to me. I specialize in anxiety, early trauma, and adult ADHD. These are highly treatable conditions, and my passion is helping people like you. We'll go beyond talk therapy and skills training to help you shift out of exhausting old patterns. We'll focus on the early issues underlying your symptoms, so you can respond to life's challenges by choice and live from your authentic self.
(443) 225-4969 View (443) 225-4969
Photo of Noah Alexander Veiga, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Noah Alexander Veiga
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21224
We have the ability to reinvent ourselves at any given moment. In psychotherapy, that possibility is truly there, yet is something that takes work, and a well-nurtured belief in yourself. I’ve dedicated myself to understanding what it is to be human and to effectively treat emotional distress. And, I’ve seen a range of the difficulties people deal with in my work, but it seems that most folks are simply seeking authentic meaning and connection in some way, shape or form. It would be an honor and a privilege to work, building a vision of what that true connection and meaning looks like for you, and how to bring that about, together.
We have the ability to reinvent ourselves at any given moment. In psychotherapy, that possibility is truly there, yet is something that takes work, and a well-nurtured belief in yourself. I’ve dedicated myself to understanding what it is to be human and to effectively treat emotional distress. And, I’ve seen a range of the difficulties people deal with in my work, but it seems that most folks are simply seeking authentic meaning and connection in some way, shape or form. It would be an honor and a privilege to work, building a vision of what that true connection and meaning looks like for you, and how to bring that about, together.
(410) 701-3501 View (410) 701-3501
Photo of Caroline Hippler, Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Caroline Hippler
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21224  (Online Only)
I provide gender-affirming, empathetic, strengths-based, person-centered counseling for anyone looking to align their lived experience more closely with their values and identities. Of all the beliefs and commitments that motivate my work, none is more important than the calling to imagine and work toward more just and equitable futures.
I provide gender-affirming, empathetic, strengths-based, person-centered counseling for anyone looking to align their lived experience more closely with their values and identities. Of all the beliefs and commitments that motivate my work, none is more important than the calling to imagine and work toward more just and equitable futures.
(410) 709-7458 View (410) 709-7458
Photo of Bethan McGarry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Bethan McGarry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21218  (Online Only)
Hello and thank you for being here! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a background in crisis care, acute and chronic illness accompaniment, trauma work, and grief counseling. I am committed to providing unconditional regard and a growth mindset in our therapeutic partnership, and enjoy supporting young adults, couples, and families in navigating life transitions and periods of adjustment. I strive to provide culturally responsive care to a wide range of individuals seeking counseling support, and as a lifelong learner will continue to seek development and education in providing the most appropriate care possible.
Hello and thank you for being here! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a background in crisis care, acute and chronic illness accompaniment, trauma work, and grief counseling. I am committed to providing unconditional regard and a growth mindset in our therapeutic partnership, and enjoy supporting young adults, couples, and families in navigating life transitions and periods of adjustment. I strive to provide culturally responsive care to a wide range of individuals seeking counseling support, and as a lifelong learner will continue to seek development and education in providing the most appropriate care possible.
(410) 421-7148 View (410) 421-7148
Photo of Rebecca Austin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Rebecca Austin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21202
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
(443) 448-8797 View (443) 448-8797
Photo of Bethany Henderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Bethany Henderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CAPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
Waitlist for new clients
I am a queer identified clinical social worker who is dedicated to supporting queer, trans and gender-diverse youth, adolescents, adults and families. I have extensive experience in working with individuals who are navigating their sexuality and/or gender identity, as well as providing family support. I approach therapy from a liberation-focused framework, focusing on your strengths and identifying and confronting oppression-based and/or structural barriers. I provide gender affirming surgical evaluations and letters free of charge.
I am a queer identified clinical social worker who is dedicated to supporting queer, trans and gender-diverse youth, adolescents, adults and families. I have extensive experience in working with individuals who are navigating their sexuality and/or gender identity, as well as providing family support. I approach therapy from a liberation-focused framework, focusing on your strengths and identifying and confronting oppression-based and/or structural barriers. I provide gender affirming surgical evaluations and letters free of charge.
(667) 213-5623 View (667) 213-5623
Photo of Casey Bennett, Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Casey Bennett
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21209  (Online Only)
I’m Casey and I am glad you found my page. I am a compassionate listener who is here to provide support and guidance to individuals so they can have healthy, fulfilling lives. I use a person-centered-approach: I strive to understand your point of view and take a non-judgmental stance. I have experience working with clients with depression, anxiety, life transitions, stress, and ADHD.
I’m Casey and I am glad you found my page. I am a compassionate listener who is here to provide support and guidance to individuals so they can have healthy, fulfilling lives. I use a person-centered-approach: I strive to understand your point of view and take a non-judgmental stance. I have experience working with clients with depression, anxiety, life transitions, stress, and ADHD.
(410) 873-9382 View (410) 873-9382
Photo of Joseph Raymond Schap, Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Joseph Raymond Schap
Counselor, MS, LCPC, NCC, FIPA
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210
Not accepting new clients
Thanks for looking at my profile. I'll try to be clear and direct to help you decide if you believe we'd work well together. I am a down-to-earth counselor with a sincere desire to help, but I'm not for everyone. If you're looking for someone to tell you how to live or give you a shoddy, quick-fix for your problems, I'm not for you. On the other hand, if you are looking for someone to build a trusting relationship with and explore hard to break habits, difficult patterns in relationships, seemingly endless struggles with anxiety or depression, or insecurities that have been plaguing you for years, I'd be a better fit.
Thanks for looking at my profile. I'll try to be clear and direct to help you decide if you believe we'd work well together. I am a down-to-earth counselor with a sincere desire to help, but I'm not for everyone. If you're looking for someone to tell you how to live or give you a shoddy, quick-fix for your problems, I'm not for you. On the other hand, if you are looking for someone to build a trusting relationship with and explore hard to break habits, difficult patterns in relationships, seemingly endless struggles with anxiety or depression, or insecurities that have been plaguing you for years, I'd be a better fit.
(443) 380-4587 View (443) 380-4587
Photo of Ellie Miller Mindful Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Ellie Miller Mindful Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210  (Online Only)
Therapy for empathetic women looking to quiet the overthinking, build resilience, and worry less about what others think. For individuals, we'll address the core of your anxiety and equip you with real-world coping tools. For couples, we'll pinpoint challenges, improve communication, and build stronger partnerships. If you're ready to invest in yourself and your relationships, I'm here to help guide the way.
Therapy for empathetic women looking to quiet the overthinking, build resilience, and worry less about what others think. For individuals, we'll address the core of your anxiety and equip you with real-world coping tools. For couples, we'll pinpoint challenges, improve communication, and build stronger partnerships. If you're ready to invest in yourself and your relationships, I'm here to help guide the way.
(443) 870-4513 View (443) 870-4513
Photo of Kimberly Bernstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Kimberly Bernstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21212  (Online Only)
Now Accepting New Clients! Licensed as an LCSW-C in Maryland, Texas, Virginia, Colorado, Nevada, South Carolina, Vermont and Florida. Decades of practice have me well-poised to support you in releasing the struggles of an eating disorder, finding healing in parenting, embracing an ADHD or Autism spectrum diagnosis, and grieving having lived years without proper diagnosis. I can compassionately and powerfully hold space for you to redefine your relationship to substance use, depression and anxiety.
Now Accepting New Clients! Licensed as an LCSW-C in Maryland, Texas, Virginia, Colorado, Nevada, South Carolina, Vermont and Florida. Decades of practice have me well-poised to support you in releasing the struggles of an eating disorder, finding healing in parenting, embracing an ADHD or Autism spectrum diagnosis, and grieving having lived years without proper diagnosis. I can compassionately and powerfully hold space for you to redefine your relationship to substance use, depression and anxiety.
(410) 883-7816 View (410) 883-7816
Photo of Jamie Hickman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Jamie Hickman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21215  (Online Only)
Jamie received her Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from Towson University and her Master of Arts degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology. Jamie is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and a National Certified Counselor. She incorporates a number of modalities into her therapy sessions such as: Narrative, Solution-focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and other evidenced-based modalities. As a clinician, Jamie is passionate about helping clients foster self-awareness and gain insight into their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
Jamie received her Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from Towson University and her Master of Arts degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology. Jamie is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and a National Certified Counselor. She incorporates a number of modalities into her therapy sessions such as: Narrative, Solution-focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and other evidenced-based modalities. As a clinician, Jamie is passionate about helping clients foster self-awareness and gain insight into their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
(301) 571-7200 View (301) 571-7200
Photo of Teresa Méndez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Teresa M Méndez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
Psychodynamic psychotherapy has the capacity to change us deeply. But it can also be subtle: allowing for a sense of "staying the same while changing," as we hold onto the parts of ourselves we value, while better understanding those parts that may be getting in the way. I work from the belief that meaningful and lasting change occurs in the context of relationships - including the relationship between therapist and patient. People come to me with painful relationships, difficult family dynamics, uncomfortable mood or anxiety symptoms, a general feeling that something isn't right, or the desire to simply know themselves better.
Psychodynamic psychotherapy has the capacity to change us deeply. But it can also be subtle: allowing for a sense of "staying the same while changing," as we hold onto the parts of ourselves we value, while better understanding those parts that may be getting in the way. I work from the belief that meaningful and lasting change occurs in the context of relationships - including the relationship between therapist and patient. People come to me with painful relationships, difficult family dynamics, uncomfortable mood or anxiety symptoms, a general feeling that something isn't right, or the desire to simply know themselves better.
(202) 817-2402 View (202) 817-2402
Photo of Jen Schugam, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Jen Schugam
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21209
Our work together is grounded in spirituality and healing based on CBT and mindfulness-based therapy. My approach integrates radical honesty and emotional regulation utilizing mindfulness and meditation practices coupled with traditional psychotherapy. Our work together is to cultivate a deep connection with your inner self, your relationships, and your vision of a better life.
Our work together is grounded in spirituality and healing based on CBT and mindfulness-based therapy. My approach integrates radical honesty and emotional regulation utilizing mindfulness and meditation practices coupled with traditional psychotherapy. Our work together is to cultivate a deep connection with your inner self, your relationships, and your vision of a better life.
(410) 883-5941 View (410) 883-5941
Photo of Jen Hodo-Powell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Jen Hodo-Powell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
I have a collaborative and integrative approach to therapy that builds on each individual's inherent strengths, respecting self-determination, and being mindful of the impact of intersectional identities on mental health. I work to provide affirming and generative care with warmth and humor.
I have a collaborative and integrative approach to therapy that builds on each individual's inherent strengths, respecting self-determination, and being mindful of the impact of intersectional identities on mental health. I work to provide affirming and generative care with warmth and humor.
(410) 807-3445 View (410) 807-3445
Photo of Kerry Ford Morancy, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Kerry Ford Morancy, LCSW-C
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21239
Having difficulty prioritizing your own needs and self care? Feeling overwhelmed by too many obligations in your personal and professional life? Using a trauma-informed lens and IFS can help clarify a plan for greater clarity and wellness.
Having difficulty prioritizing your own needs and self care? Feeling overwhelmed by too many obligations in your personal and professional life? Using a trauma-informed lens and IFS can help clarify a plan for greater clarity and wellness.
(443) 552-3222 View (443) 552-3222
Photo of Tara Mechlin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Tara Mechlin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21224  (Online Only)
Children, adolescents and young adults sometimes experience stress related to school, activities, challenges at home, or periods of transition. These stressors may lead to mood swings, changes in behavior and difficulty expressing emotions and thoughts. My role as a therapist is to help kids and young adults cope with stress and learn strategies to maintain an emotionally balanced life. I provide a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and then work with individuals and families to develop an individualized treatment plan that draws from the client's existing strengths. I utilize evidence-based treatment primarily drawing from CBT.
Children, adolescents and young adults sometimes experience stress related to school, activities, challenges at home, or periods of transition. These stressors may lead to mood swings, changes in behavior and difficulty expressing emotions and thoughts. My role as a therapist is to help kids and young adults cope with stress and learn strategies to maintain an emotionally balanced life. I provide a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and then work with individuals and families to develop an individualized treatment plan that draws from the client's existing strengths. I utilize evidence-based treatment primarily drawing from CBT.
(301) 683-5931 View (301) 683-5931
Photo of Gabrielle Sanchez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Gabrielle Sanchez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21201  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship. Together, we will work towards your well-being, fostering a sense of empowerment and self-discovery. Your journey is unique, my role is to support you every step of the way. With a focus on strengths-based therapy, I specialize in addressing issues related to depression, anxiety, and life transitions. I aim to empower you to navigate life's challenges with resilience and to facilitate positive, lasting change.
I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship. Together, we will work towards your well-being, fostering a sense of empowerment and self-discovery. Your journey is unique, my role is to support you every step of the way. With a focus on strengths-based therapy, I specialize in addressing issues related to depression, anxiety, and life transitions. I aim to empower you to navigate life's challenges with resilience and to facilitate positive, lasting change.
(443) 767-4307 View (443) 767-4307
Photo of Xiomara Arrieta, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Xiomara Arrieta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21201  (Online Only)
Mara is a Clinical Social Worker who works with individuals, families, and couples. She specializes in anxiety, depression, trauma, substance abuse, cultural assimilation issues, symptom management, women’s issues, and couples counseling. She has worked in several settings including both outpatient and inpatient mental health clinics. Mara graduated from Russell Sage College in 2005 with a Bachelor’s in Psychology and a minor in Sociology and Women’s Studies. She then went on to receive her Master's in Social Work from Fordham University in NYC.
Mara is a Clinical Social Worker who works with individuals, families, and couples. She specializes in anxiety, depression, trauma, substance abuse, cultural assimilation issues, symptom management, women’s issues, and couples counseling. She has worked in several settings including both outpatient and inpatient mental health clinics. Mara graduated from Russell Sage College in 2005 with a Bachelor’s in Psychology and a minor in Sociology and Women’s Studies. She then went on to receive her Master's in Social Work from Fordham University in NYC.
(667) 291-8925 View (667) 291-8925

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Baltimore, MD

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Baltimore, MD who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
69% Coping Skills
67% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% Cigna and Evernorth
68% CareFirst

How Therapists in Baltimore, MD see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Baltimore?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.