Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Brian Kornobis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Brian Kornobis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
I provide a compassionate, non-judgmental space where you can reconnect with your inner strengths to overcome obstacles standing between you and your goals. Whether you are dealing with a relationship difficulty, career dilemma, recent loss, depression, or anxiety, choosing to begin therapy is a courageous step toward growth and healing.
I provide a compassionate, non-judgmental space where you can reconnect with your inner strengths to overcome obstacles standing between you and your goals. Whether you are dealing with a relationship difficulty, career dilemma, recent loss, depression, or anxiety, choosing to begin therapy is a courageous step toward growth and healing.
(510) 422-1569 View (510) 422-1569
Photo of Jennie Powe Runde, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jennie Powe Runde
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, REAT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94602  (Online Only)
As someone navigating the world between cultures, ethnicities, and labels, you have been given the gift of insight, adaptability, and attunement. You can see what others don't, and are highly sensitive to what goes unspoken or unacknowledged. The gift of being adaptable in any environment can be a major strength, and it also presents a challenge.  ​When we are highly skilled at anticipating, understanding, and accommodating the feelings and needs of others, it is easy to lose sight of what is most important for our own physical, mental, and emotional well being.
As someone navigating the world between cultures, ethnicities, and labels, you have been given the gift of insight, adaptability, and attunement. You can see what others don't, and are highly sensitive to what goes unspoken or unacknowledged. The gift of being adaptable in any environment can be a major strength, and it also presents a challenge.  ​When we are highly skilled at anticipating, understanding, and accommodating the feelings and needs of others, it is easy to lose sight of what is most important for our own physical, mental, and emotional well being.
(510) 944-0438 View (510) 944-0438
Photo of Dave Rutschman, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Oakland, CA
Dave Rutschman
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
Finding the right therapist can be hard. Maybe you're facing difficult experiences of grief and loss, serious illness, or family conflict. Maybe you're wrestling with depression or anxiety. Or maybe you just have a general sense that your life has lost meaning and direction. Whatever brings you in, I'll offer a warm-hearted and positive space for us to learn together about your particular situation, and about the possibilities for healing and transformation that can be found within it. Having someone to talk to makes a real difference.
Finding the right therapist can be hard. Maybe you're facing difficult experiences of grief and loss, serious illness, or family conflict. Maybe you're wrestling with depression or anxiety. Or maybe you just have a general sense that your life has lost meaning and direction. Whatever brings you in, I'll offer a warm-hearted and positive space for us to learn together about your particular situation, and about the possibilities for healing and transformation that can be found within it. Having someone to talk to makes a real difference.
(510) 662-0235 View (510) 662-0235
Photo of Rachel Mauricio, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Rachel Mauricio
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94607
I specialize in trauma-informed somatic (body-based) therapy for BIPOC. My somatic, psychodynamic, attachment, and spiritual approach supports clients in building a compassionate relationship with themself. My somatic approach also facilitates familiarization with how the nervous system communicates and the relational needs that are expressed through the body.
I specialize in trauma-informed somatic (body-based) therapy for BIPOC. My somatic, psychodynamic, attachment, and spiritual approach supports clients in building a compassionate relationship with themself. My somatic approach also facilitates familiarization with how the nervous system communicates and the relational needs that are expressed through the body.
(415) 326-0044 View (415) 326-0044
Photo of Bridge Psychological Services - Ikroop Khazanewala, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oakland, CA
Bridge Psychological Services - Ikroop Khazanewala
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94607
I am a pre-licensed professional currently working under the supervision of a licensed clinical psychologist. I believe in a collaborative approach to therapy and work with my clients to determine the best course for treatment. I have experience ranging from long-term therapeutic relationships to short-term problem solving. Whether you have a specific concern you'd like to tackle or are looking for a place to process and understand your story, I hope to provide the safe space needed.
I am a pre-licensed professional currently working under the supervision of a licensed clinical psychologist. I believe in a collaborative approach to therapy and work with my clients to determine the best course for treatment. I have experience ranging from long-term therapeutic relationships to short-term problem solving. Whether you have a specific concern you'd like to tackle or are looking for a place to process and understand your story, I hope to provide the safe space needed.
(415) 358-6981 View (415) 358-6981
Photo of Aron Sumii, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Aron Sumii
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618  (Online Only)
I first and foremost adapt my style of therapy to meet your needs. We work together to identify what best supports you toward your goals or areas of focus in therapy. Some clients progress through insight and understanding about an issue while others progress through tangible present-moment skills and tools, all of which I can provide support you with. I also feel that Identity (race, gender, sexual orientation, etc) plays an important role about how we experience the world and how the world views us and I incorporate this into therapy. I see therapy as an equal and collaborative effort between us.
I first and foremost adapt my style of therapy to meet your needs. We work together to identify what best supports you toward your goals or areas of focus in therapy. Some clients progress through insight and understanding about an issue while others progress through tangible present-moment skills and tools, all of which I can provide support you with. I also feel that Identity (race, gender, sexual orientation, etc) plays an important role about how we experience the world and how the world views us and I incorporate this into therapy. I see therapy as an equal and collaborative effort between us.
(510) 230-2498 View (510) 230-2498
Photo of Nicole Poell, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Nicole Poell
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Right now, you are doing something very courageous! You are taking the first step toward a more meaningful and rich life. You might sense that your thoughts and feelings are holding you back from truly living your life. You might have had traumatic life experience(s) that shaped your life in a way that is unfulfilling and terrifying. You might feel plagued by depression and/or anxiety, feel uncomfortable in your own skin or as if you are not performing to your best abilities. I want to commend you for taking this step and I would feel honored to be on this journey with you, helping you live a more satisfying, engaged and full life.
Right now, you are doing something very courageous! You are taking the first step toward a more meaningful and rich life. You might sense that your thoughts and feelings are holding you back from truly living your life. You might have had traumatic life experience(s) that shaped your life in a way that is unfulfilling and terrifying. You might feel plagued by depression and/or anxiety, feel uncomfortable in your own skin or as if you are not performing to your best abilities. I want to commend you for taking this step and I would feel honored to be on this journey with you, helping you live a more satisfying, engaged and full life.
(510) 849-6755 View (510) 849-6755
Photo of Hong Jeong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Hong Jeong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
We all go through emotional storms where we feel emotionally and physically stuck; we worry too much and lose control of ourselves. Do you find yourself thrown off balance by your childhood trauma? Childhood traumatic experiences such as abandonment, abuse, and neglect lead to social anxiety. My approach is solution-focused and tailored to your needs and goals. I am committed to providing a profound sense of safety and offering compassionate and actionable guidance to all my clients.
We all go through emotional storms where we feel emotionally and physically stuck; we worry too much and lose control of ourselves. Do you find yourself thrown off balance by your childhood trauma? Childhood traumatic experiences such as abandonment, abuse, and neglect lead to social anxiety. My approach is solution-focused and tailored to your needs and goals. I am committed to providing a profound sense of safety and offering compassionate and actionable guidance to all my clients.
(213) 275-2192 View (213) 275-2192
Photo of Lyca Sedaka, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lyca Sedaka
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
Do you find yourself frequently frustrated and overwhelmed by tasks that appear effortless to others? Have you ever felt like you're constantly falling short of meeting the expectations and needs of those around you? Or do you have a thriving career but struggle to keep up with other areas of life? The ADHD mind is different in both frustrating and wonderful ways. Understanding these traits, along with your own unique strengths and challenges, is the key to unlocking the full life you desire.
Do you find yourself frequently frustrated and overwhelmed by tasks that appear effortless to others? Have you ever felt like you're constantly falling short of meeting the expectations and needs of those around you? Or do you have a thriving career but struggle to keep up with other areas of life? The ADHD mind is different in both frustrating and wonderful ways. Understanding these traits, along with your own unique strengths and challenges, is the key to unlocking the full life you desire.
(510) 319-2887 View (510) 319-2887
Photo of Violet Alcantar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Violet Alcantar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Therapy isn’t always easy, which is why feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is most important to your success. I take a collaborative approach in therapy, starting where you are and working together to make positive changes. You are in the driver's seat and help to establish meaningful goals for your treatment.
Therapy isn’t always easy, which is why feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is most important to your success. I take a collaborative approach in therapy, starting where you are and working together to make positive changes. You are in the driver's seat and help to establish meaningful goals for your treatment.
(510) 974-7884 View (510) 974-7884
Photo of Sukhpreet Kaur, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in Oakland, CA
Sukhpreet Kaur
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Welcome! My name is Sukhpreet Kaur, and I am a first generation American. I believe that we are the key to our own healing, therefore it is important to me to hold a space for you that is safe, collaborate, and empowering for healing and exploration.
Welcome! My name is Sukhpreet Kaur, and I am a first generation American. I believe that we are the key to our own healing, therefore it is important to me to hold a space for you that is safe, collaborate, and empowering for healing and exploration.
(510) 892-4399 View (510) 892-4399
Photo of Jonathan Willett, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jonathan Willett
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
I work to build a warm, empathic relationship with my clients to create an environment where we can think together about the issues that bring you to therapy and how best to resolve them. I am informed by psychodynamic theory and utilize this rich tradition to explore unconscious defenses, maladaptive patterns and underlying schemas that can cause a person to repeat problematic behaviors despite their best efforts to change. I also draw from Cognitive Behavioral and Mindfullness practices to support clients with acquiring the tools they need to make those changes.
I work to build a warm, empathic relationship with my clients to create an environment where we can think together about the issues that bring you to therapy and how best to resolve them. I am informed by psychodynamic theory and utilize this rich tradition to explore unconscious defenses, maladaptive patterns and underlying schemas that can cause a person to repeat problematic behaviors despite their best efforts to change. I also draw from Cognitive Behavioral and Mindfullness practices to support clients with acquiring the tools they need to make those changes.
(510) 661-3584 View (510) 661-3584
Photo of Rosa Wilcox, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Rosa Wilcox, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Thank you for visiting my page. My therapeutic style provides a warm, nonjudgmental, environment that meets clients where they are at. As we work together clients are able to examine their goals, problem solve, increase positive coping skills and improve their lives. I specialize in working with anxiety disorders, depression, and substance abuse. I have a great deal of experience with clients who have lived through loss and/or trauma.
Thank you for visiting my page. My therapeutic style provides a warm, nonjudgmental, environment that meets clients where they are at. As we work together clients are able to examine their goals, problem solve, increase positive coping skills and improve their lives. I specialize in working with anxiety disorders, depression, and substance abuse. I have a great deal of experience with clients who have lived through loss and/or trauma.
(415) 801-8153 View (415) 801-8153
Photo of Jose Guadalupe Hurtado, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jose Guadalupe Hurtado
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94605
Are you experiencing depression, anger, anxiety issues? I am a Spanish speaking Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 10 years experience of working with adults, adolescents, and families who have experienced trauma, abuse, and crime victimization. I am experienced in crisis intervention, conflict resolution, individual, and family therapy. I support families with gang membership issues and individuals out of the prison system; including abused, neglected and trauma or community violence impacted families. I have worked with anxiety, depression, individuals with suicide attempts, addiction and DUI issues. Mondays and Saturdays
Are you experiencing depression, anger, anxiety issues? I am a Spanish speaking Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 10 years experience of working with adults, adolescents, and families who have experienced trauma, abuse, and crime victimization. I am experienced in crisis intervention, conflict resolution, individual, and family therapy. I support families with gang membership issues and individuals out of the prison system; including abused, neglected and trauma or community violence impacted families. I have worked with anxiety, depression, individuals with suicide attempts, addiction and DUI issues. Mondays and Saturdays
(831) 534-9295 View (831) 534-9295
Photo of Leighko Toyoshima Yap, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Leighko Toyoshima Yap
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
I work with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. I specialize in issues related to divorce, grief and loss, life transitions, relationship/attachment difficulties, issues surrounding pregnancy, parenting, and cultural adjustment challenges. I provide psychological assessments for children and adults who are struggling at home and/or at school or work due to social and emotional issues, relationship issues, environmental stressors, behavioral challenges, attention and concentration difficulties, and learning differences. I also conduct child custody evaluations and forensic psychological evaluations.
I work with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. I specialize in issues related to divorce, grief and loss, life transitions, relationship/attachment difficulties, issues surrounding pregnancy, parenting, and cultural adjustment challenges. I provide psychological assessments for children and adults who are struggling at home and/or at school or work due to social and emotional issues, relationship issues, environmental stressors, behavioral challenges, attention and concentration difficulties, and learning differences. I also conduct child custody evaluations and forensic psychological evaluations.
(510) 543-0969 View (510) 543-0969
Photo of Acacia Hasina Chidi #lmft111125, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Acacia Hasina Chidi #lmft111125
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CEO
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Welcome! I’m Acacia Hasina Chidi, I am known to help inspire change in individual’s lives and relationships. Experience has demonstrated to me that change is possible and necessary. If you are ready to initiate change, I’d like to work with you through the process of therapy which can allow you to grow, and realize aspects of yourself you may not be aware of, or that you are aware of, but have been unable to manage. Years of experience working with individuals, couples, families, and specialized groups have enabled me tools and techniques that help people achieve a deeper understanding of relational patterns needing repair.
Welcome! I’m Acacia Hasina Chidi, I am known to help inspire change in individual’s lives and relationships. Experience has demonstrated to me that change is possible and necessary. If you are ready to initiate change, I’d like to work with you through the process of therapy which can allow you to grow, and realize aspects of yourself you may not be aware of, or that you are aware of, but have been unable to manage. Years of experience working with individuals, couples, families, and specialized groups have enabled me tools and techniques that help people achieve a deeper understanding of relational patterns needing repair.
(415) 729-2118 View (415) 729-2118
Photo of Misha Kellner-Rogers, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Misha Kellner-Rogers
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
I am a truama centered, queer therapist incorporating the body, family systems and collective liberation. I center the relational experience and hope for therapy to be a place to feel supported to encounter all the parts of yourself. I view therapy as a place to feel and be felt, a place that can hold unknown territory. I also believe that your body knows what it needs even if for a multitude of reasons there is a not knowing. I show up with humility and curiosity to meet you where you are and approach therapy as a collaborative process.
I am a truama centered, queer therapist incorporating the body, family systems and collective liberation. I center the relational experience and hope for therapy to be a place to feel supported to encounter all the parts of yourself. I view therapy as a place to feel and be felt, a place that can hold unknown territory. I also believe that your body knows what it needs even if for a multitude of reasons there is a not knowing. I show up with humility and curiosity to meet you where you are and approach therapy as a collaborative process.
(510) 647-6993 View (510) 647-6993
Photo of Erin E Boyle, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Erin E Boyle
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I help people reconnect to their own needs and desires when they feel helpless, overwhelmed, or lost in their relationships—at home or at work. I work with developmental and relational trauma which impacts the way we show up in relation to others, particularly those we have intense attachments (family, partners) to or where power dynamics are at play (like work). In the safety of therapy, you can begin to make sense of your experiences and listen to what your body and emotions are trying to tell you. Over time and with practice, you will learn skills and techniques to become your own safe refuge.
I help people reconnect to their own needs and desires when they feel helpless, overwhelmed, or lost in their relationships—at home or at work. I work with developmental and relational trauma which impacts the way we show up in relation to others, particularly those we have intense attachments (family, partners) to or where power dynamics are at play (like work). In the safety of therapy, you can begin to make sense of your experiences and listen to what your body and emotions are trying to tell you. Over time and with practice, you will learn skills and techniques to become your own safe refuge.
(510) 973-4112 View (510) 973-4112
Photo of Jenafir House, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jenafir House
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
I offer validating, compassionate, skilled psychotherapy and coaching in DBT, ACT and other evidence-based treatments. If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, emotion dysregulation or a sense of 'disconnection' from your values and purpose, the skills-based therapy of DBT can be life-changing. I am passionate about DBT and mindfulness - and how our practice of these powerful skills can help us build a life worth living. Empathy, humor and cultural humility are cornerstones of my work, along with a deeply collaborative approach with my clients. See https://jenafir-house.clientsecure.me for more information.
I offer validating, compassionate, skilled psychotherapy and coaching in DBT, ACT and other evidence-based treatments. If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, emotion dysregulation or a sense of 'disconnection' from your values and purpose, the skills-based therapy of DBT can be life-changing. I am passionate about DBT and mindfulness - and how our practice of these powerful skills can help us build a life worth living. Empathy, humor and cultural humility are cornerstones of my work, along with a deeply collaborative approach with my clients. See https://jenafir-house.clientsecure.me for more information.
(510) 369-0373 View (510) 369-0373
Photo of Angela M. Anderson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Angela M. Anderson, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MA
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602
Do you struggle with feeling overwhelmed by your feelings and thoughts? Do you have trouble creating and maintaining relationships? Do you feel stuck? The answers we are looking for are not found in isolation but by coming together. My role is to facilitate the healing process for my clients by creating an open, nonjudgmental, and safe space to explore. Clients gain self-awareness, self-acceptance, and the skills they need to continue to heal and grow in connection with others.
Do you struggle with feeling overwhelmed by your feelings and thoughts? Do you have trouble creating and maintaining relationships? Do you feel stuck? The answers we are looking for are not found in isolation but by coming together. My role is to facilitate the healing process for my clients by creating an open, nonjudgmental, and safe space to explore. Clients gain self-awareness, self-acceptance, and the skills they need to continue to heal and grow in connection with others.
(510) 257-9468 View (510) 257-9468

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.