Therapists in San Rafael, CA

Photo of Julie S Lehman, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Julie S Lehman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working affirmatively with sex and gender diversity and sex-positive communities (LGBTQ*, non-normative relationships, open/non-monogamous, burners, polyamory, polysexuality, asexuality, intersex, gender nonconformity/fluidity, BDSM/kink, leather, fetish, HIV+, HepC+, Herpes+). I welcome clients with issues around minority stress, neurodivergence, depression/anxiety, trauma, grief/loss, couples/multiple-partner relationships, parent/child relationships, family counseling. I also welcome those looking to heal sexual trauma or those working through sexual difficulties. I'm a well-trained integrative sex therapist.
I specialize in working affirmatively with sex and gender diversity and sex-positive communities (LGBTQ*, non-normative relationships, open/non-monogamous, burners, polyamory, polysexuality, asexuality, intersex, gender nonconformity/fluidity, BDSM/kink, leather, fetish, HIV+, HepC+, Herpes+). I welcome clients with issues around minority stress, neurodivergence, depression/anxiety, trauma, grief/loss, couples/multiple-partner relationships, parent/child relationships, family counseling. I also welcome those looking to heal sexual trauma or those working through sexual difficulties. I'm a well-trained integrative sex therapist.
(415) 578-5306 View (415) 578-5306
Photo of Jodie M. NewDelman, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Jodie M. NewDelman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
Dr. NewDelman's practice, Essensuate Psychology Group, APC includes solution-focused psychotherapists. Each provider brings their own sensibility but all engage clients who are ready to face the burden 'stuckness,' deepen their awareness, transform their mindset, and change their lives. The practice is dedicated to integrated care and each client's unique context. We offer a safe, confidential, and trusted alliance where our clients can process painful personal issues, difficult experiences, challenging memories, and persistent conflict. We also explore the reality of our clients' true inner resources to provoke meaningful shifts
Dr. NewDelman's practice, Essensuate Psychology Group, APC includes solution-focused psychotherapists. Each provider brings their own sensibility but all engage clients who are ready to face the burden 'stuckness,' deepen their awareness, transform their mindset, and change their lives. The practice is dedicated to integrated care and each client's unique context. We offer a safe, confidential, and trusted alliance where our clients can process painful personal issues, difficult experiences, challenging memories, and persistent conflict. We also explore the reality of our clients' true inner resources to provoke meaningful shifts
(628) 209-6714 View (628) 209-6714
Photo of Melanie Summerhayes Neuropsychologist, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Melanie Summerhayes Neuropsychologist
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I provide clinical neuropsychological evaluations for a wide range of known or suspected cognitive disorders across the lifespan. I also provide psychotherapy to those suffering from life stressors related to medical conditions, losing a loved one, trauma, grief, and depression. Life is full of challenges and can leave you wondering where to go next. This can lead to all sorts of pain, frustration, sadness, anger, and resentment. The good news is that you do not have to struggle alone. I practice cognitive behavioral therapy, insight oriented and solution focused therapy, and teach DBT coping skills.
I provide clinical neuropsychological evaluations for a wide range of known or suspected cognitive disorders across the lifespan. I also provide psychotherapy to those suffering from life stressors related to medical conditions, losing a loved one, trauma, grief, and depression. Life is full of challenges and can leave you wondering where to go next. This can lead to all sorts of pain, frustration, sadness, anger, and resentment. The good news is that you do not have to struggle alone. I practice cognitive behavioral therapy, insight oriented and solution focused therapy, and teach DBT coping skills.
(415) 766-9499 View (415) 766-9499
Photo of Carey Cloyd, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Carey Cloyd
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
There are a lot of possible ways you could have arrived at this moment. You may be hoping to live a life that is more integrated and true to your values. You may have had some previous therapy experiences that didn’t quite suit you and your concerns. You may have or wish for a spiritual practice like meditation to help you become more grounded and centered in your life, and you hope to find a healing path that incorporates these aspects of yourself. As a therapist, I help navigate and guide you toward your goals so that, in time, you are able to navigate and guide yourself.
There are a lot of possible ways you could have arrived at this moment. You may be hoping to live a life that is more integrated and true to your values. You may have had some previous therapy experiences that didn’t quite suit you and your concerns. You may have or wish for a spiritual practice like meditation to help you become more grounded and centered in your life, and you hope to find a healing path that incorporates these aspects of yourself. As a therapist, I help navigate and guide you toward your goals so that, in time, you are able to navigate and guide yourself.
(415) 503-9975 View (415) 503-9975
Photo of Laura Bulchis, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Laura Bulchis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
Many challenges we experience in daily life relate to conflict between parts of ourselves. Each part reflects our body’s own loving attempts to care for us in the ways it knows. When we shift one part of the feedback loop, the whole system rearranges - in our bodies, & in our relationships. My approach to individual & couples therapy is holistic, somatic & client-centered. I start with creating a non-judgmental, inclusive space for you to come as you are. As we form & reach for your goals, our work may include movement, developmental psychology, trauma work, regulation practices, behavior/communication coaching, & creative guidance.
Many challenges we experience in daily life relate to conflict between parts of ourselves. Each part reflects our body’s own loving attempts to care for us in the ways it knows. When we shift one part of the feedback loop, the whole system rearranges - in our bodies, & in our relationships. My approach to individual & couples therapy is holistic, somatic & client-centered. I start with creating a non-judgmental, inclusive space for you to come as you are. As we form & reach for your goals, our work may include movement, developmental psychology, trauma work, regulation practices, behavior/communication coaching, & creative guidance.
(415) 268-2970 View (415) 268-2970
Photo of Melissa Dowd - Offering A Modern Approach To Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Melissa Dowd - Offering A Modern Approach To Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
In the first few sessions together, my goal is to understand what struggles you are currently experiencing that are causing you distress, and then provide you tools to help minimize those stressors to get to a more stabilized place. Once you are feeling more grounded and able to manage your current stressors, then I encourage the exploration of why these things are present in the first place, where they are coming from, and ultimately when they were initially learned and began. I believe that helping you uncover these important pieces of information are vital to your long-term success in becoming the best version of you possible!
In the first few sessions together, my goal is to understand what struggles you are currently experiencing that are causing you distress, and then provide you tools to help minimize those stressors to get to a more stabilized place. Once you are feeling more grounded and able to manage your current stressors, then I encourage the exploration of why these things are present in the first place, where they are coming from, and ultimately when they were initially learned and began. I believe that helping you uncover these important pieces of information are vital to your long-term success in becoming the best version of you possible!
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Photo of Gregory R Tompkins, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Gregory R Tompkins
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
I have over ten years experience working with clients in their teens or twenties who have: attachment issues; ADHD, Anxiety, and Depression. They suffer relational trauma for a variety of reasons, such as: emotional abuse and neglect; physical or sexual abuse; and sexual assault. I help my clients resolve past trauma; heal attachment wounds; replace unhealthy habits with healthy ones; and to progress towards their life goals. This results in them having healthier and more satisfying relationships; a greater sense of connection and belonging; and higher functioning in every day life.
I have over ten years experience working with clients in their teens or twenties who have: attachment issues; ADHD, Anxiety, and Depression. They suffer relational trauma for a variety of reasons, such as: emotional abuse and neglect; physical or sexual abuse; and sexual assault. I help my clients resolve past trauma; heal attachment wounds; replace unhealthy habits with healthy ones; and to progress towards their life goals. This results in them having healthier and more satisfying relationships; a greater sense of connection and belonging; and higher functioning in every day life.
(415) 818-9493 View (415) 818-9493
Photo of Hannah Milan Gottsegen, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Hannah Milan Gottsegen, MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
I offer psychotherapy for adults, kids, teens, couples and families. I support each client to explore what their needs and feelings are in a safe and supportive relationship. I have specialized training in Somatic Experiencing & Mindfulness tools to help relieve symptoms of trauma and anxiety.
I offer psychotherapy for adults, kids, teens, couples and families. I support each client to explore what their needs and feelings are in a safe and supportive relationship. I have specialized training in Somatic Experiencing & Mindfulness tools to help relieve symptoms of trauma and anxiety.
(415) 660-9541 View (415) 660-9541
Photo of Kathleen Ries, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Kathleen Ries
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS, MPH, RD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901  (Online Only)
"​Courage doesn’t always roar. Sometimes courage is the little voice at the end of the day that says I’ll try again tomorrow.” Mary Anne Radmacher My ideal client is having issues with past traumas, life transitions and troubles. They want to see their life get easier and more joyful. We can figure out therapeutically what's needed and negotiate the number of sessions. With my own life and professional experiences, I bring a wealth of treatment options and resources. I offer a free initial phone (call 15-20 minutes) to help you determine if I'm the therapist for your needs at this time. Sessions are virtual due to COVID-19.
"​Courage doesn’t always roar. Sometimes courage is the little voice at the end of the day that says I’ll try again tomorrow.” Mary Anne Radmacher My ideal client is having issues with past traumas, life transitions and troubles. They want to see their life get easier and more joyful. We can figure out therapeutically what's needed and negotiate the number of sessions. With my own life and professional experiences, I bring a wealth of treatment options and resources. I offer a free initial phone (call 15-20 minutes) to help you determine if I'm the therapist for your needs at this time. Sessions are virtual due to COVID-19.
(628) 227-6489 View (628) 227-6489
Photo of Kim Leicester, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Kim Leicester
Psychologist, PhD
Not Verified Not Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I provide therapy to teens, adults, and couples who struggle with depression, anxiety, relationships, women's health, substance use, eating disorders, and circumstantial stress to name a few of the difficulties that come our way. Progress often depends on the nature of the problems, your level of motivation, and your relationships. Life often presents challenges to us that make it difficult to cope and live the life we truly want. Whether these challenges feel mild and variable or feel monumental and interfere with how you want to relate to yourself and others, therapy can be an opportunity for meaningful change.
I provide therapy to teens, adults, and couples who struggle with depression, anxiety, relationships, women's health, substance use, eating disorders, and circumstantial stress to name a few of the difficulties that come our way. Progress often depends on the nature of the problems, your level of motivation, and your relationships. Life often presents challenges to us that make it difficult to cope and live the life we truly want. Whether these challenges feel mild and variable or feel monumental and interfere with how you want to relate to yourself and others, therapy can be an opportunity for meaningful change.
(510) 592-5323 View (510) 592-5323
Photo of Kelly Ceglarz, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Kelly Ceglarz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, BCBA
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
I have worked with a variety of populations including with individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Tics & Tourettes Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, developmental and behavioral disorders, anxiety disorders, and depression. In the past decade, I completed specialized training and education to focus my work on treating individuals with OCD, Tics & Tourettes, and Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors using empirically validated treatment approaches, including Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and habit reversal training (HRT). I am certified in Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT).
I have worked with a variety of populations including with individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Tics & Tourettes Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, developmental and behavioral disorders, anxiety disorders, and depression. In the past decade, I completed specialized training and education to focus my work on treating individuals with OCD, Tics & Tourettes, and Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors using empirically validated treatment approaches, including Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and habit reversal training (HRT). I am certified in Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT).
(415) 301-6044 View (415) 301-6044
Photo of Susan Quigley, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Susan Quigley, MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Ready for change and a more satisfying and balanced life? I offer compassionate listening, practical guidance and an action oriented approach to assist you in making the changes you want in your life.
Ready for change and a more satisfying and balanced life? I offer compassionate listening, practical guidance and an action oriented approach to assist you in making the changes you want in your life.
(415) 481-4921 View (415) 481-4921
Photo of Alex Stephen Markels, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Alex Stephen Markels
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I have over 25 years experience assisting people make significant changes in their life and learn strategies to lessen symptoms of depression, anxiety, bipolar and other disorders.
I have over 25 years experience assisting people make significant changes in their life and learn strategies to lessen symptoms of depression, anxiety, bipolar and other disorders.
(415) 857-4841 View (415) 857-4841
Photo of Ali Vogt, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Ali Vogt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
I specialize in working with adults who experiencing grief or confusion and in transition. I have helped clients in the following situations: Facing a cancer or terminal illness diagnosis; Pre and postpartum stress, depression and anxiety; Grief over the loss of a relationship or loved one; Sort through a new mental health diagnosis and corresponding psychotropic medications; Leaving a career and pivoting into a new professional path; Grieving infertility; Finding a life path.
I specialize in working with adults who experiencing grief or confusion and in transition. I have helped clients in the following situations: Facing a cancer or terminal illness diagnosis; Pre and postpartum stress, depression and anxiety; Grief over the loss of a relationship or loved one; Sort through a new mental health diagnosis and corresponding psychotropic medications; Leaving a career and pivoting into a new professional path; Grieving infertility; Finding a life path.
(415) 818-8631 View (415) 818-8631
Photo of Prajna Cole, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Rafael, CA
Prajna Cole
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I specialize in helping people change behaviors that are harming their relationships and keeping them from living to their fullest potential. Together, we find what is causing anxiety, depression, irritability, or "the blahs." Many people have patterns in their behaviors or relationships that are stuck repeating and don't know why. Using evidence-based practices to inform our work, we can uncover what's underneath these symptoms to get you lasting relief. I also specialize in working with folks in the queer community, poly and open relationship issues.
I specialize in helping people change behaviors that are harming their relationships and keeping them from living to their fullest potential. Together, we find what is causing anxiety, depression, irritability, or "the blahs." Many people have patterns in their behaviors or relationships that are stuck repeating and don't know why. Using evidence-based practices to inform our work, we can uncover what's underneath these symptoms to get you lasting relief. I also specialize in working with folks in the queer community, poly and open relationship issues.
(707) 749-7244 View (707) 749-7244
Photo of Daniel Alterman, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Daniel Alterman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
Because childhood and adolescence are such fragile stages of life, treating emotional and behavioral problems quickly and efficiently is essential. I join forces with you to resolve your children’s problems through expert assessment and carefully designed treatment plans. I begin this process by offering you a free personal consultation by phone to discuss your concerns and possible evaluations/interventions.
Because childhood and adolescence are such fragile stages of life, treating emotional and behavioral problems quickly and efficiently is essential. I join forces with you to resolve your children’s problems through expert assessment and carefully designed treatment plans. I begin this process by offering you a free personal consultation by phone to discuss your concerns and possible evaluations/interventions.
(415) 236-3551 View (415) 236-3551
Photo of Amy Kirsztajn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Amy Kirsztajn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
I am currently accepting new clients-Life can be busy and difficult to navigate. Whether you are in your 20’s-30’s trying to figure out your career and relationships or a new parent dealing with the many challenges that having children poses, I am here to help you work through these life transitions and the feelings that come with them. I tend to be very relational in my work and love to support people in exploring their relationship with themselves and in turn how that can have a positive impact on our relationship with others.
I am currently accepting new clients-Life can be busy and difficult to navigate. Whether you are in your 20’s-30’s trying to figure out your career and relationships or a new parent dealing with the many challenges that having children poses, I am here to help you work through these life transitions and the feelings that come with them. I tend to be very relational in my work and love to support people in exploring their relationship with themselves and in turn how that can have a positive impact on our relationship with others.
(628) 313-5404 View (628) 313-5404
Photo of Erika Olivarez, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Erika Olivarez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
I am the type of therapist that is always curious and open to helping my clients come up with unique solutions to life's setbacks. Life is very challenging and finding the right therapist should be seamless. If you're interested in finding a holistic approach to seek harmony in mind, body and wellness, this is the first step of awareness for the work to begin.
I am the type of therapist that is always curious and open to helping my clients come up with unique solutions to life's setbacks. Life is very challenging and finding the right therapist should be seamless. If you're interested in finding a holistic approach to seek harmony in mind, body and wellness, this is the first step of awareness for the work to begin.
(415) 930-9485 View (415) 930-9485
Photo of Karen Weinberger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Karen Weinberger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I have been helping my clients find solutions to problems of addiction, depression and difficult relationships for more than twenty-five years. I can help you feel better and make the changes you want to make. I recognize and respect what is unique about you and I don't practice "one size fits all" psychotherapy. I understand emotional pain and how a good therapeutic relationship can heal the hurt. Having better relationships, overcoming depression, or getting off the merry-go-round of addiction is possible with help, commitment and hard work.
I have been helping my clients find solutions to problems of addiction, depression and difficult relationships for more than twenty-five years. I can help you feel better and make the changes you want to make. I recognize and respect what is unique about you and I don't practice "one size fits all" psychotherapy. I understand emotional pain and how a good therapeutic relationship can heal the hurt. Having better relationships, overcoming depression, or getting off the merry-go-round of addiction is possible with help, commitment and hard work.
(415) 799-8787 View (415) 799-8787
Photo of Isabel Mize, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Isabel Mize
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
Not accepting new clients
I believe that deepening our self-awareness, interpreting our life experiences, and having a safe place to open our hearts is the first step in transformation and growth. I am most passionate about creating a space for you to search for meaning and understanding as you navigate the unpredictability of life. My work focuses on helping you create your own narrative, rediscover who you truly are, heal wounds and practice self-love and compassion. By healing yourself you develop the capacity for deep connection that is authentic, supportive, and fulfilling.
I believe that deepening our self-awareness, interpreting our life experiences, and having a safe place to open our hearts is the first step in transformation and growth. I am most passionate about creating a space for you to search for meaning and understanding as you navigate the unpredictability of life. My work focuses on helping you create your own narrative, rediscover who you truly are, heal wounds and practice self-love and compassion. By healing yourself you develop the capacity for deep connection that is authentic, supportive, and fulfilling.
(415) 462-4125 View (415) 462-4125

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Rafael, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$195

Therapists in San Rafael, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
66% Grief
66% Trauma and PTSD
63% Stress

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

55% Aetna
45% Cigna and Evernorth
44% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in San Rafael, CA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Rafael?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.