Therapists in San Rafael, CA

Photo of Matthew Baron, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Rafael, CA
Matthew Baron
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I believe change is possible for anyone who has the desire to participate in their own growth. I have discovered that building a supportive relationship through therapy creates a safe place to explore life struggles, understand difficult issues, learn new skills, enrich relationships, and work through situations to lead a more authentic life.
I believe change is possible for anyone who has the desire to participate in their own growth. I have discovered that building a supportive relationship through therapy creates a safe place to explore life struggles, understand difficult issues, learn new skills, enrich relationships, and work through situations to lead a more authentic life.
(415) 475-0902 View (415) 475-0902
Photo of Dorothy O'Leary, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Dorothy O'Leary
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
Estrangement in families is more common than many people realize. Adult children find themselves making the impossible choice to separate themselves from a family they love and can't manage. On the other side, parents can feel fearful and powerless, hurt and confused. I can help you explore how efforts to reach your adult child could be backfiring, and why your selfless generosity may be met with rejection. With training and experience in individual therapy a variety of family constellations, I'm ready to help you get beyond feeling stuck.
Estrangement in families is more common than many people realize. Adult children find themselves making the impossible choice to separate themselves from a family they love and can't manage. On the other side, parents can feel fearful and powerless, hurt and confused. I can help you explore how efforts to reach your adult child could be backfiring, and why your selfless generosity may be met with rejection. With training and experience in individual therapy a variety of family constellations, I'm ready to help you get beyond feeling stuck.
(415) 889-2775 View (415) 889-2775
Photo of Rosa Thomas, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Rosa Thomas
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
Do you know where you’re going and how to get there? For many of my clients, a funny—not ha-ha—thing happened on the way to living the dream. Anxiety that started in teen years or earlier didn’t evaporate with the first wins of adult life. The excitement wore off. The luster of the job dulled in the glare of tyrant or bully. The partner—if you found or kept one—triggered scenes from parents focused on their own battles, not yours. You shouldered it then. You escaped. But it’s back. And if there are kids, you worry you will saddle them with what feels broken in you.
Do you know where you’re going and how to get there? For many of my clients, a funny—not ha-ha—thing happened on the way to living the dream. Anxiety that started in teen years or earlier didn’t evaporate with the first wins of adult life. The excitement wore off. The luster of the job dulled in the glare of tyrant or bully. The partner—if you found or kept one—triggered scenes from parents focused on their own battles, not yours. You shouldered it then. You escaped. But it’s back. And if there are kids, you worry you will saddle them with what feels broken in you.
(628) 266-4947 View (628) 266-4947
Photo of Gabriel Robinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Gabriel Robinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Choosing to start psychotherapy can appear daunting, but will offer an opportunity and unique space for change, healing and growth. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have well over a decade of experience in supporting the therapeutic goals and emotional needs of my clients. My approach to therapy blends evidence based practices, my sense of curiosity, humor, as well as a person centered approach. I will work with you to develop therapeutic goals that support your growth, healing, and change. I provide a direct, warm, and humanistic approach to help you in reaching your goals.
Choosing to start psychotherapy can appear daunting, but will offer an opportunity and unique space for change, healing and growth. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have well over a decade of experience in supporting the therapeutic goals and emotional needs of my clients. My approach to therapy blends evidence based practices, my sense of curiosity, humor, as well as a person centered approach. I will work with you to develop therapeutic goals that support your growth, healing, and change. I provide a direct, warm, and humanistic approach to help you in reaching your goals.
(415) 969-4027 View (415) 969-4027
Photo of Molly Schmidt, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Rafael, CA
Molly Schmidt
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
Embarking on the journey of self-discovery can be both complex and daunting. I'm here to provide unwavering support, nurturing care, and insightful guidance as you navigate the challenges on your path. Consider me your trusted co-pilot throughout this healing expedition; witnessing every milestone and transformation along the way. Together, we'll delve into past experiences, relationships, and core beliefs to better understand how you got here. With patience and compassion, we'll uncover the profound depths of your being, paving the way for your most authentic self to emerge.
Embarking on the journey of self-discovery can be both complex and daunting. I'm here to provide unwavering support, nurturing care, and insightful guidance as you navigate the challenges on your path. Consider me your trusted co-pilot throughout this healing expedition; witnessing every milestone and transformation along the way. Together, we'll delve into past experiences, relationships, and core beliefs to better understand how you got here. With patience and compassion, we'll uncover the profound depths of your being, paving the way for your most authentic self to emerge.
(415) 423-2268 View (415) 423-2268
Photo of Sarah Janoff-Brinn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Sarah Janoff-Brinn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families for over ten years. In my practice, I help my clients cope with symptoms related to anxiety, depression, life transitions, relationships, parenting, and stress. I provide a safe, warm, and confidential environment and I believe that the therapeutic relationship between a client and a therapist should be one of trust and care. In addition to my private practice, I have worked with clients at mental health centers and as the school counselor at Marin Academy
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families for over ten years. In my practice, I help my clients cope with symptoms related to anxiety, depression, life transitions, relationships, parenting, and stress. I provide a safe, warm, and confidential environment and I believe that the therapeutic relationship between a client and a therapist should be one of trust and care. In addition to my private practice, I have worked with clients at mental health centers and as the school counselor at Marin Academy
(415) 741-3946 View (415) 741-3946
Photo of Graham Coffey, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Rafael, CA
Graham Coffey
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Inevitably there are times when you will struggle with difficult emotions, be stretched thin by the responsibilities of life, or be unsure about how to meet the challenges of being in relationship. During these times, therapy can help you slow down, process your feelings, develop a more compassionate relationship to yourself, and teach you the tools to connect with your resilience and strength. If you are a parent, you might be in a place where you're overwhelmed by your child's emotions or difficulties at school or with peers. Therapy can help your child find balance and a healthier way of relating.
Inevitably there are times when you will struggle with difficult emotions, be stretched thin by the responsibilities of life, or be unsure about how to meet the challenges of being in relationship. During these times, therapy can help you slow down, process your feelings, develop a more compassionate relationship to yourself, and teach you the tools to connect with your resilience and strength. If you are a parent, you might be in a place where you're overwhelmed by your child's emotions or difficulties at school or with peers. Therapy can help your child find balance and a healthier way of relating.
(415) 237-1078 View (415) 237-1078
Photo of Tomiko D. Mackey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Tomiko D. Mackey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
My integrative approach to therapy is tailored to meet clients' unique and specific needs. This therapeutic style helps one explore core beliefs and facilitates growth towards inner strength and resilience. Through empathy, warmth, and positive self-regard, I create space for clients to believe and trust in themselves.
My integrative approach to therapy is tailored to meet clients' unique and specific needs. This therapeutic style helps one explore core beliefs and facilitates growth towards inner strength and resilience. Through empathy, warmth, and positive self-regard, I create space for clients to believe and trust in themselves.
(415) 993-8487 View (415) 993-8487
Photo of Cheryl Groskopf, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Cheryl Groskopf
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with adults experiencing depression, anxiety, feeling “stuck” or disconnected, and overall personal growth (including growth in self and relationships). Since every client is unique, I use an eclectic and holistic approach to help serve your individual needs. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help increase self-awareness and acceptance to honor your strengths, feelings, and needs. I use a collaborative approach in assisting you to look inward at yourself, relationships (past and present), and diving into the past to discover patterns and insight that keep you feeling stuck.
I specialize in working with adults experiencing depression, anxiety, feeling “stuck” or disconnected, and overall personal growth (including growth in self and relationships). Since every client is unique, I use an eclectic and holistic approach to help serve your individual needs. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help increase self-awareness and acceptance to honor your strengths, feelings, and needs. I use a collaborative approach in assisting you to look inward at yourself, relationships (past and present), and diving into the past to discover patterns and insight that keep you feeling stuck.
(415) 997-7820 View (415) 997-7820
Photo of Isabel Mize, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Isabel Mize
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
Not accepting new clients
I believe that deepening our self-awareness, interpreting our life experiences, and having a safe place to open our hearts is the first step in transformation and growth. I am most passionate about creating a space for you to search for meaning and understanding as you navigate the unpredictability of life. My work focuses on helping you create your own narrative, rediscover who you truly are, heal wounds and practice self-love and compassion. By healing yourself you develop the capacity for deep connection that is authentic, supportive, and fulfilling.
I believe that deepening our self-awareness, interpreting our life experiences, and having a safe place to open our hearts is the first step in transformation and growth. I am most passionate about creating a space for you to search for meaning and understanding as you navigate the unpredictability of life. My work focuses on helping you create your own narrative, rediscover who you truly are, heal wounds and practice self-love and compassion. By healing yourself you develop the capacity for deep connection that is authentic, supportive, and fulfilling.
(415) 462-4125 View (415) 462-4125
Photo of Grace Canton, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Grace Canton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I believe that therapy is a partnership between client and therapist and that listening, understanding and respecting each clients story is necessary for bringing about positive change. In my therapy sessions I use my training and my life experiences to help my clients navigate through life's more difficult times. I use an integrative approach to therapy that tailors sessions to the clients needs.
I believe that therapy is a partnership between client and therapist and that listening, understanding and respecting each clients story is necessary for bringing about positive change. In my therapy sessions I use my training and my life experiences to help my clients navigate through life's more difficult times. I use an integrative approach to therapy that tailors sessions to the clients needs.
(628) 243-4006 View (628) 243-4006
Photo of Melissa Dowd - Offering A Modern Approach To Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Melissa Dowd - Offering A Modern Approach To Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
In the first few sessions together, my goal is to understand what struggles you are currently experiencing that are causing you distress, and then provide you tools to help minimize those stressors to get to a more stabilized place. Once you are feeling more grounded and able to manage your current stressors, then I encourage the exploration of why these things are present in the first place, where they are coming from, and ultimately when they were initially learned and began. I believe that helping you uncover these important pieces of information are vital to your long-term success in becoming the best version of you possible!
In the first few sessions together, my goal is to understand what struggles you are currently experiencing that are causing you distress, and then provide you tools to help minimize those stressors to get to a more stabilized place. Once you are feeling more grounded and able to manage your current stressors, then I encourage the exploration of why these things are present in the first place, where they are coming from, and ultimately when they were initially learned and began. I believe that helping you uncover these important pieces of information are vital to your long-term success in becoming the best version of you possible!
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Photo of Lelah Joy Nichol, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Lelah Joy Nichol
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, L, C, S, W
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
Hello and welcome! I am glad you found me. I have 22 years experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I have a strong background and interest in helping people improve their relationships with themselves and their family members. I enjoy working with parents who are looking to improve their connection and relationship to their children of any age. I work with mother's from pregnancy and post partum through empty nesting. I work with adults with a focus on improving their relationship with parts of themselves to increase self compassion and reduce self criticism.
Hello and welcome! I am glad you found me. I have 22 years experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I have a strong background and interest in helping people improve their relationships with themselves and their family members. I enjoy working with parents who are looking to improve their connection and relationship to their children of any age. I work with mother's from pregnancy and post partum through empty nesting. I work with adults with a focus on improving their relationship with parts of themselves to increase self compassion and reduce self criticism.
(415) 367-0439 View (415) 367-0439
Photo of Wendy Labov-Dunne, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Wendy Labov-Dunne, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Waitlist for new clients
I respect the courage it takes to begin psychotherapy and choose the path of healing. Most important is the building of trust. My presence is kind and authentic, with healthy boundaries. An experienced Individual and Couples therapist, I teach relational skill-building, personally and inter-personally. I'm comfortable with all kinds of trauma, relationship difficulties, major life transitions, addiction, loss & grief, spiritual, medical or psychiatric issues. I encourage clients to identify and move closer to what is really important in their lives. I've witnessed lasting change as clients become more secure, creative & alive.
I respect the courage it takes to begin psychotherapy and choose the path of healing. Most important is the building of trust. My presence is kind and authentic, with healthy boundaries. An experienced Individual and Couples therapist, I teach relational skill-building, personally and inter-personally. I'm comfortable with all kinds of trauma, relationship difficulties, major life transitions, addiction, loss & grief, spiritual, medical or psychiatric issues. I encourage clients to identify and move closer to what is really important in their lives. I've witnessed lasting change as clients become more secure, creative & alive.
(415) 635-0502 View (415) 635-0502
Photo of Gigi Pagani, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Gigi Pagani
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
Are you or your child unhappy, anxious, angry, or grieving? Perhaps you are adjusting to a bipolar diagnosis, recovering from trauma, struggling in relationships, seeking personal growth, or discovering your identity. Adults, couples, and children are all welcome in my practice! Together, we will consider the complexity of who and how you are—your unique combination of life experiences, temperament, culture, relationships, and more. In exploring formative experiences and present-day struggles and strengths, we will discover and address what is interfering with you having the life you desire.
Are you or your child unhappy, anxious, angry, or grieving? Perhaps you are adjusting to a bipolar diagnosis, recovering from trauma, struggling in relationships, seeking personal growth, or discovering your identity. Adults, couples, and children are all welcome in my practice! Together, we will consider the complexity of who and how you are—your unique combination of life experiences, temperament, culture, relationships, and more. In exploring formative experiences and present-day struggles and strengths, we will discover and address what is interfering with you having the life you desire.
(415) 300-2099 View (415) 300-2099
Photo of Susan Quigley, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Susan Quigley, MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Ready for change and a more satisfying and balanced life? I offer compassionate listening, practical guidance and an action oriented approach to assist you in making the changes you want in your life.
Ready for change and a more satisfying and balanced life? I offer compassionate listening, practical guidance and an action oriented approach to assist you in making the changes you want in your life.
(415) 481-4921 View (415) 481-4921
Photo of Erika Olivarez, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Erika Olivarez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
I am the type of therapist that is always curious and open to helping my clients come up with unique solutions to life's setbacks. Life is very challenging and finding the right therapist should be seamless. If you're interested in finding a holistic approach to seek harmony in mind, body and wellness, this is the first step of awareness for the work to begin.
I am the type of therapist that is always curious and open to helping my clients come up with unique solutions to life's setbacks. Life is very challenging and finding the right therapist should be seamless. If you're interested in finding a holistic approach to seek harmony in mind, body and wellness, this is the first step of awareness for the work to begin.
(415) 930-9485 View (415) 930-9485
Photo of Joseph Saah, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Joseph Saah
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As an experienced Licensed MFT, I offer a full range of psychotherapy services for men, women, adolescents, couples, and families. I founded The Men's Center for Counseling and Psychotherapy in 1984 in order to focus upon the psychological and emotional lives of men and boys. I particularly enjoy helping folks struggling with cross-cultural issues. My practice also includes work with women, girls, and couples of all persuasions. As an interactive therapist, I join my clients as they explore complex, often contradictory, intrapsychic forces. I bring humor, warmth, empathy, common-sense, and a genuine curiosity to the therapeutic encounter.
As an experienced Licensed MFT, I offer a full range of psychotherapy services for men, women, adolescents, couples, and families. I founded The Men's Center for Counseling and Psychotherapy in 1984 in order to focus upon the psychological and emotional lives of men and boys. I particularly enjoy helping folks struggling with cross-cultural issues. My practice also includes work with women, girls, and couples of all persuasions. As an interactive therapist, I join my clients as they explore complex, often contradictory, intrapsychic forces. I bring humor, warmth, empathy, common-sense, and a genuine curiosity to the therapeutic encounter.
(510) 788-2365 View (510) 788-2365
Photo of Kari Sandell, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Kari Sandell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Kari. I take a client-centered approach to therapy, with an emphasis on helping individuals build awareness and cultivate more self-compassion. I often get feedback that clients experience me as warm, engaged, non-judgmental, and down-to-earth. My specialties include anxiety, depression, eating and body struggles, self-esteem challenges, transition, identity exploration, relationship struggles, trauma, life direction challenges, existential crisis, relationship with sexuality, and attachment issues.
Hi, I'm Kari. I take a client-centered approach to therapy, with an emphasis on helping individuals build awareness and cultivate more self-compassion. I often get feedback that clients experience me as warm, engaged, non-judgmental, and down-to-earth. My specialties include anxiety, depression, eating and body struggles, self-esteem challenges, transition, identity exploration, relationship struggles, trauma, life direction challenges, existential crisis, relationship with sexuality, and attachment issues.
(415) 634-9672 View (415) 634-9672
Photo of Suzanne D Alfandari, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Suzanne D Alfandari
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901  (Online Only)
I use Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT/Tapping) and Motivational Interviewing (MI) to respectfully guide you through areas of ambivalence to change. Together, I help you create your next steps for the change you want, leading to greater satisfaction with life. According to medical literature, 80% of all illness comes from mental or emotional stress. While you may not be able to change the source of stress, you can learn to have a healthier relationship with it. Once you learn how to remove limiting beliefs and calm overwhelming emotions, the things you want to do come more easily.
I use Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT/Tapping) and Motivational Interviewing (MI) to respectfully guide you through areas of ambivalence to change. Together, I help you create your next steps for the change you want, leading to greater satisfaction with life. According to medical literature, 80% of all illness comes from mental or emotional stress. While you may not be able to change the source of stress, you can learn to have a healthier relationship with it. Once you learn how to remove limiting beliefs and calm overwhelming emotions, the things you want to do come more easily.
(415) 870-7494 View (415) 870-7494

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Rafael, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$195

Therapists in San Rafael, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
66% Grief
66% Trauma and PTSD
63% Stress

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

55% Aetna
45% Cigna and Evernorth
44% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in San Rafael, CA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Rafael?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.