Therapists in San Rafael, CA

Photo of Katharine Hatch, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Katharine Hatch
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I am a psychologist with a general therapy practice for adults, as well as a specialty in women's reproductive health (e.g., depression/anxiety in pregnancy and postpartum, perinatal loss, infertility and family building). In addition to treating depression and anxiety, I help people navigate issues regarding stress management, grief and loss, relationships, self-esteem, sexual orientation/identity, eating/body image, parenting, and transitions ( e.g., to college, to parenthood). In addition to providing individual therapy, I facilitate "Pathways: A Support Group for Postpartum Moms" through MarinHealth (Marin General Hospital).
I am a psychologist with a general therapy practice for adults, as well as a specialty in women's reproductive health (e.g., depression/anxiety in pregnancy and postpartum, perinatal loss, infertility and family building). In addition to treating depression and anxiety, I help people navigate issues regarding stress management, grief and loss, relationships, self-esteem, sexual orientation/identity, eating/body image, parenting, and transitions ( e.g., to college, to parenthood). In addition to providing individual therapy, I facilitate "Pathways: A Support Group for Postpartum Moms" through MarinHealth (Marin General Hospital).
(415) 419-3539 View (415) 419-3539
Photo of Wendy Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Wendy Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901  (Online Only)
We heal and grow best in relationships that support the hard work of self-knowledge and self-growth. In my practice, open dialogue is important. Our curiosity will help you explore and know yourself better. What we carry forward from past relationships affects both ourselves and our loved ones in the present. Coming to know and understand what is going on can help shift things for you. If you are looking inward and working on yourself, you can make bigger gains doing it with someone who has the training and experience to facilitate an experience within you through dialogue.
We heal and grow best in relationships that support the hard work of self-knowledge and self-growth. In my practice, open dialogue is important. Our curiosity will help you explore and know yourself better. What we carry forward from past relationships affects both ourselves and our loved ones in the present. Coming to know and understand what is going on can help shift things for you. If you are looking inward and working on yourself, you can make bigger gains doing it with someone who has the training and experience to facilitate an experience within you through dialogue.
(415) 787-2981 View (415) 787-2981
Photo of Sara Staley, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Sara Staley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
I provide therapeutic support for adults, children, teens, and families that have experienced psychological trauma, are experiencing a challenging life transition, or want to build self-awareness and resiliency. My focus is working with children and their parents, especially between the ages of 3 to 7 years old, using Play Therapy. With all ages of individuals I have the ability to get to the root causes of psychological symptoms using Psychodynamic Therapy and Sandplay Therapy. I also use evidence based short term treatment modalities such as CBT, depending on my clients desires and needs.
I provide therapeutic support for adults, children, teens, and families that have experienced psychological trauma, are experiencing a challenging life transition, or want to build self-awareness and resiliency. My focus is working with children and their parents, especially between the ages of 3 to 7 years old, using Play Therapy. With all ages of individuals I have the ability to get to the root causes of psychological symptoms using Psychodynamic Therapy and Sandplay Therapy. I also use evidence based short term treatment modalities such as CBT, depending on my clients desires and needs.
(415) 226-4845 View (415) 226-4845
Photo of Cheryl Groskopf, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Cheryl Groskopf
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with adults experiencing depression, anxiety, feeling “stuck” or disconnected, and overall personal growth (including growth in self and relationships). Since every client is unique, I use an eclectic and holistic approach to help serve your individual needs. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help increase self-awareness and acceptance to honor your strengths, feelings, and needs. I use a collaborative approach in assisting you to look inward at yourself, relationships (past and present), and diving into the past to discover patterns and insight that keep you feeling stuck.
I specialize in working with adults experiencing depression, anxiety, feeling “stuck” or disconnected, and overall personal growth (including growth in self and relationships). Since every client is unique, I use an eclectic and holistic approach to help serve your individual needs. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to help increase self-awareness and acceptance to honor your strengths, feelings, and needs. I use a collaborative approach in assisting you to look inward at yourself, relationships (past and present), and diving into the past to discover patterns and insight that keep you feeling stuck.
(415) 997-7820 View (415) 997-7820
Photo of Melissa Tervet-da Cunha, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Melissa Tervet-da Cunha
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94903
Waitlist for new clients
I teach children and their parents, teens, and adults how to live more enjoyable and fulfilling lives released from the grip of anxiety, worry, or depression. I bring my practice of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy along with my experience as an educator to every session, helping clients learn skills that empower them to experience life in a more fulfilling and satisfying way. I use the most effective research-based treatments for OCD and for uncontrollable hair pulling/skin picking behaviors.
I teach children and their parents, teens, and adults how to live more enjoyable and fulfilling lives released from the grip of anxiety, worry, or depression. I bring my practice of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy along with my experience as an educator to every session, helping clients learn skills that empower them to experience life in a more fulfilling and satisfying way. I use the most effective research-based treatments for OCD and for uncontrollable hair pulling/skin picking behaviors.
(415) 942-1645 View (415) 942-1645
Photo of Luis Rodriguez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Luis Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
I am a bilingual therapist with a focus on creating safe spaces to empower mental health and promote overall wellness. My approach is holistic, non-judgmental, and empathetic; I am passionate about serving adults from all different cultural backgrounds. My goal is to help people reduce suffering by helping them address and process their history, perspectives, and underlying challenges to live a life of fulfillment. I welcome the opportunity to meet with you and better understand who you are, and your goals towards living a fulfilling, enjoyable life, and collaborating with you in meeting these goals.
I am a bilingual therapist with a focus on creating safe spaces to empower mental health and promote overall wellness. My approach is holistic, non-judgmental, and empathetic; I am passionate about serving adults from all different cultural backgrounds. My goal is to help people reduce suffering by helping them address and process their history, perspectives, and underlying challenges to live a life of fulfillment. I welcome the opportunity to meet with you and better understand who you are, and your goals towards living a fulfilling, enjoyable life, and collaborating with you in meeting these goals.
(415) 881-5794 View (415) 881-5794
Photo of Roberta T Seifert, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Roberta T Seifert
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Waitlist for new clients
The goal of therapy is to enable people to have richer and more satisfying lives. I match my approach to the person I'm seeing, offering both short-term, pragmatic, solution-oriented therapy, and longer-term treatment that involves complex historical material and ingrained self-defeating patterns. I think of therapy as an opportunity to learn better ways to live and thrive in the present. I use a combination of approaches including EMDR, AEDP, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and longer-term work to change recurring patterns.
The goal of therapy is to enable people to have richer and more satisfying lives. I match my approach to the person I'm seeing, offering both short-term, pragmatic, solution-oriented therapy, and longer-term treatment that involves complex historical material and ingrained self-defeating patterns. I think of therapy as an opportunity to learn better ways to live and thrive in the present. I use a combination of approaches including EMDR, AEDP, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and longer-term work to change recurring patterns.
(650) 918-4476 View (650) 918-4476
Photo of Latrice Bradley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Latrice Bradley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Hi, I'm Latrice Bradley a licensed clinician in California. I work with adults and specialize in depression, anxiety, and trauma using some Cognitive Behavioral Therapy but mostly EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) techniques to help my clients to have a better quality of life. I work with adult clients who may be struggling with various forms of trauma, depression, anxiety, stress/life transition concerns, matters of race relations, those with criminal justice interaction, challenges with parenting, and relationship issues.
Hi, I'm Latrice Bradley a licensed clinician in California. I work with adults and specialize in depression, anxiety, and trauma using some Cognitive Behavioral Therapy but mostly EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) techniques to help my clients to have a better quality of life. I work with adult clients who may be struggling with various forms of trauma, depression, anxiety, stress/life transition concerns, matters of race relations, those with criminal justice interaction, challenges with parenting, and relationship issues.
(415) 891-6191 View (415) 891-6191
Photo of Kimberly Stukey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Kimberly Stukey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903  (Online Only)
My goal as a therapist is to be and provide a safe environment for my clients and find the underlying reason for the issue at hand so that they can reach their full potential. Since everyone is unique and different, your treatment plan will be developed based on your needs. Whatever you have gone through is not too difficult to work through and process. We will work together as a team so that you can accomplish your goals. You no longer have to work through it alone!
My goal as a therapist is to be and provide a safe environment for my clients and find the underlying reason for the issue at hand so that they can reach their full potential. Since everyone is unique and different, your treatment plan will be developed based on your needs. Whatever you have gone through is not too difficult to work through and process. We will work together as a team so that you can accomplish your goals. You no longer have to work through it alone!
(415) 842-1482 View (415) 842-1482
Photo of Matthew Carter, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Matthew Carter
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I specialize in working with Children and Families, with a focus on building communication and cohesion within the family. How this works depends on the age of the child/youth and the needs of each family. I am currently not working with couples.
I specialize in working with Children and Families, with a focus on building communication and cohesion within the family. How this works depends on the age of the child/youth and the needs of each family. I am currently not working with couples.
(415) 322-5391 View (415) 322-5391
Photo of Alia Al-Zand, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Alia Al-Zand
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
I work with children, teens and adults who are experiencing emotional distress, relational challenges and stuckness in their lives. The clients I see vary in age, gender and cultural presentation. Through my collaborative, compassionate and practical approach, I provide a safe space for people to explore life patterns in order to gain a deeper understanding of how they show up in the world.
I work with children, teens and adults who are experiencing emotional distress, relational challenges and stuckness in their lives. The clients I see vary in age, gender and cultural presentation. Through my collaborative, compassionate and practical approach, I provide a safe space for people to explore life patterns in order to gain a deeper understanding of how they show up in the world.
(415) 267-1885 View (415) 267-1885
Photo of Stephanie Daigre, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Stephanie Daigre
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
Therapy is a collaborative relationship, as individual as the people in the room. Often the work involves slowing down and creating a secure space for being open, curious and able to revisit and make sense of thoughts, memories and feelings that give rise to present difficulties. I'm especially attentive to your higher powers of perception and positive self determination. Together we resolve present-day problems with roots in the past, changing patterns that produce familiar and unwanted results so you are freer to choose the life you want.
Therapy is a collaborative relationship, as individual as the people in the room. Often the work involves slowing down and creating a secure space for being open, curious and able to revisit and make sense of thoughts, memories and feelings that give rise to present difficulties. I'm especially attentive to your higher powers of perception and positive self determination. Together we resolve present-day problems with roots in the past, changing patterns that produce familiar and unwanted results so you are freer to choose the life you want.
(415) 969-2137 View (415) 969-2137
Photo of Katelyn Vandever, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Rafael, CA
Katelyn Vandever
Pre-Licensed Professional, ASW
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
In my practice, I walk alongside individuals as we explore their past, future aspirations, fears, and present situations, helping them ground themselves in their core values and inner needs. Using different modalities, I nurture self-awareness and holistic wellness, recognizing the mind-body-spirit connection. Together in a safe space, we uncover truths, fostering resilience and authenticity for a more balanced, fulfilling life. And to add some extra sparkle, I sprinkle in themes from positive psychology, bringing joy, light, and humor into our sessions.
In my practice, I walk alongside individuals as we explore their past, future aspirations, fears, and present situations, helping them ground themselves in their core values and inner needs. Using different modalities, I nurture self-awareness and holistic wellness, recognizing the mind-body-spirit connection. Together in a safe space, we uncover truths, fostering resilience and authenticity for a more balanced, fulfilling life. And to add some extra sparkle, I sprinkle in themes from positive psychology, bringing joy, light, and humor into our sessions.
(415) 466-8455 View (415) 466-8455
Photo of Valerie Hinard, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Valerie Hinard
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Cultivating meaningful-healthy relationships may be especially difficult when our sense of self is overshadowed by traumatic and emotionally painful experiences. My approach to the therapy process focuses on helping foster your innate strengths and resiliency while exploring your vulnerabilities and concerns. Together we help you build a greater understanding of yourself through healing limiting patterns, fears, and beliefs. In this way, you become rooted in a life grounded in meaning, aliveness, and depth. I believe that building a stronger relationship with yourself can help cultivate healthier relationships with others, making them easier to initiate, maintain, and enjoy.
Cultivating meaningful-healthy relationships may be especially difficult when our sense of self is overshadowed by traumatic and emotionally painful experiences. My approach to the therapy process focuses on helping foster your innate strengths and resiliency while exploring your vulnerabilities and concerns. Together we help you build a greater understanding of yourself through healing limiting patterns, fears, and beliefs. In this way, you become rooted in a life grounded in meaning, aliveness, and depth. I believe that building a stronger relationship with yourself can help cultivate healthier relationships with others, making them easier to initiate, maintain, and enjoy.
(707) 559-9920 View (707) 559-9920
Photo of Jenny Bates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Jenny Bates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
Many of us have been affected by mental health and/or substance abuse at some time in our lives. My practice was created so that individuals, couples and families could get support from someone who is experienced in the recovery process and has a true passion to help others and help people to find the best solutions to their own recovery. My specialty areas include those who are living with anxiety, depression, trauma and supporting those going through life changes (job, relationships etc.) Addiction and Co-Dependency is also a specialty area. I am an LGBTQ+ affirming therapist and welcome you to come as you are.
Many of us have been affected by mental health and/or substance abuse at some time in our lives. My practice was created so that individuals, couples and families could get support from someone who is experienced in the recovery process and has a true passion to help others and help people to find the best solutions to their own recovery. My specialty areas include those who are living with anxiety, depression, trauma and supporting those going through life changes (job, relationships etc.) Addiction and Co-Dependency is also a specialty area. I am an LGBTQ+ affirming therapist and welcome you to come as you are.
(415) 534-3954 View (415) 534-3954
Photo of Amy Kirsztajn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Amy Kirsztajn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94903
I am currently accepting new clients-Life can be busy and difficult to navigate. Whether you are in your 20’s-30’s trying to figure out your career and relationships or a new parent dealing with the many challenges that having children poses, I am here to help you work through these life transitions and the feelings that come with them. I tend to be very relational in my work and love to support people in exploring their relationship with themselves and in turn how that can have a positive impact on our relationship with others.
I am currently accepting new clients-Life can be busy and difficult to navigate. Whether you are in your 20’s-30’s trying to figure out your career and relationships or a new parent dealing with the many challenges that having children poses, I am here to help you work through these life transitions and the feelings that come with them. I tend to be very relational in my work and love to support people in exploring their relationship with themselves and in turn how that can have a positive impact on our relationship with others.
(628) 313-5404 View (628) 313-5404
Photo of Barbara Rose MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Rafael, CA
Barbara Rose MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
Engaging in psychotherapy is an ideal way to work on understanding yourself and others and increasing satisfaction with life. If you are feeling overwhelmed, if every day you are weighed down with conflict or heavy emotions, talking to a professional, and someone outside your family, friends and loved ones, can help in gaining perspective and getting the bigger picture.
Engaging in psychotherapy is an ideal way to work on understanding yourself and others and increasing satisfaction with life. If you are feeling overwhelmed, if every day you are weighed down with conflict or heavy emotions, talking to a professional, and someone outside your family, friends and loved ones, can help in gaining perspective and getting the bigger picture.
(415) 853-5859 View (415) 853-5859
Photo of Amanda Stason Jellin, Counselor in San Rafael, CA
Amanda Stason Jellin
Counselor, MA, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
This may come as a surprise, but if you are looking for traditional talk therapy, I lovingly suggest you contact someone else. Many of my clients have been in therapy for years without experiencing the clarity, healing and deep fulfillment they long for. In my work with clients, I integrate body-centered psychotherapy, meditation, spirituality, breathwork, as well as emotional and cognitive skills training to support my clients to get to the root of their dis-ease and support them in finding their true path forward. Please reach out for a no-cost phone consult. I look forward to connecting with you. www.amandastason.com
This may come as a surprise, but if you are looking for traditional talk therapy, I lovingly suggest you contact someone else. Many of my clients have been in therapy for years without experiencing the clarity, healing and deep fulfillment they long for. In my work with clients, I integrate body-centered psychotherapy, meditation, spirituality, breathwork, as well as emotional and cognitive skills training to support my clients to get to the root of their dis-ease and support them in finding their true path forward. Please reach out for a no-cost phone consult. I look forward to connecting with you. www.amandastason.com
(415) 949-6750 View (415) 949-6750
Photo of Dr. Annette Holloway, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Dr. Annette Holloway
Psychologist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Rafael, CA 94901
My approach is warm, collaborative and thoughtful. I aim to help you make the changes you want in your life: better relationships, improved mood, new tools for stress management, increased coping skills, more ability to process past hurts, feeling less stuck, and reduced substance use. The foundation of therapeutic work is your sense of feeling safe, listened to, and cared about during sessions. I genuinely want to understand your experiences, and provide insights into how you interact with yourself, others and the world at large. I work with people of all colors, ethnicities, religions, gender and sexual orientations.
My approach is warm, collaborative and thoughtful. I aim to help you make the changes you want in your life: better relationships, improved mood, new tools for stress management, increased coping skills, more ability to process past hurts, feeling less stuck, and reduced substance use. The foundation of therapeutic work is your sense of feeling safe, listened to, and cared about during sessions. I genuinely want to understand your experiences, and provide insights into how you interact with yourself, others and the world at large. I work with people of all colors, ethnicities, religions, gender and sexual orientations.
(415) 996-1651 View (415) 996-1651
Photo of Art Raisman, Psychologist in San Rafael, CA
Art Raisman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Rafael, CA 94901
In 40 years of clinical practice I have come to think of what I do as a unique form of education. Psychotherapists "teach" not so much by telling people what to do (although good advice is often useful), but by helping clients to find the strength within themselves, and the needed support from those around them, to address the difficulties in their current lives in new and more effective ways. A therapeutic environment enables clients to develop a new way of understanding their life experiences that promotes higher self-esteem, increased capacity for intimacy, and greater effectiveness in work.
In 40 years of clinical practice I have come to think of what I do as a unique form of education. Psychotherapists "teach" not so much by telling people what to do (although good advice is often useful), but by helping clients to find the strength within themselves, and the needed support from those around them, to address the difficulties in their current lives in new and more effective ways. A therapeutic environment enables clients to develop a new way of understanding their life experiences that promotes higher self-esteem, increased capacity for intimacy, and greater effectiveness in work.
(415) 686-3342 View (415) 686-3342

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Rafael, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$195

Therapists in San Rafael, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
66% Grief
66% Trauma and PTSD
63% Stress

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

55% Aetna
45% Cigna and Evernorth
44% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in San Rafael, CA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Rafael?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.