Bipolar Disorder Therapists in Saint Louis, MO
Julie Maples
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63131
Waitlist for new clients
I have a passion for mental health disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar, etc.
Hi! I’m Julie. Can we first take a moment to celebrate the fact that you are on this website right now? Seriously, congratulations! Searching for a therapist is no easy feat, my friend. It’s awesome that you are here taking the first step to work through some of life’s challenges. Life is hard enough; you don’t have to do it alone. So, let’s see if we’d be a good fit for each other! Some of my greatest joys in life include puppies, coffee, and, most importantly, seeing my clients have the breakthroughs they are looking for and freedom from the things that hold them back or hurt them.
I have a passion for mental health disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar, etc.
Hi! I’m Julie. Can we first take a moment to celebrate the fact that you are on this website right now? Seriously, congratulations! Searching for a therapist is no easy feat, my friend. It’s awesome that you are here taking the first step to work through some of life’s challenges. Life is hard enough; you don’t have to do it alone. So, let’s see if we’d be a good fit for each other! Some of my greatest joys in life include puppies, coffee, and, most importantly, seeing my clients have the breakthroughs they are looking for and freedom from the things that hold them back or hurt them.
Marvin Steven Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63136
I use a client-centered therapy approach to treat a wide range of conditions including: Depression and suicidal feelings,
Anxiety disorders,
obsessive-compulsive,
panic, and PTSD,
Drug and alcohol addictions,
Self-esteem and self-image problems,
Personality disorders,
Marital and relationship conflicts,
Family Therapy,
Psychotic disorders such as bipolar illness and schizophrenia.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in full-time private practice. I have experience working with patients from adolescence onward in individual psychotherapy, family therapy, and group therapy. In addition, I have experience with clients that are perpetrators of domestic abuse, incarcerated males and the elderly.
I use a client-centered therapy approach to treat a wide range of conditions including: Depression and suicidal feelings,
Anxiety disorders,
obsessive-compulsive,
panic, and PTSD,
Drug and alcohol addictions,
Self-esteem and self-image problems,
Personality disorders,
Marital and relationship conflicts,
Family Therapy,
Psychotic disorders such as bipolar illness and schizophrenia.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in full-time private practice. I have experience working with patients from adolescence onward in individual psychotherapy, family therapy, and group therapy. In addition, I have experience with clients that are perpetrators of domestic abuse, incarcerated males and the elderly.
Dave Woodard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63110 (Online Only)
My experience spans across various mental health conditions, including depression, Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders such as BPD.
Professional Counseling Services in Missouri: In today's fast-paced world, we all need a support system to navigate life's challenges. When the support from family and friends isn't enough, seeking professional counseling can make a significant difference. Anxiety, stress, and chronic illnesses can take a toll on our mental well-being, leading to feelings of depression and making life more challenging than necessary. About Me: I am a dedicated counselor with a passion for helping individuals find their balance, strength, and purpose, with a Master of Social Work degree from Washington University earned in 2004.
My experience spans across various mental health conditions, including depression, Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders such as BPD.
Professional Counseling Services in Missouri: In today's fast-paced world, we all need a support system to navigate life's challenges. When the support from family and friends isn't enough, seeking professional counseling can make a significant difference. Anxiety, stress, and chronic illnesses can take a toll on our mental well-being, leading to feelings of depression and making life more challenging than necessary. About Me: I am a dedicated counselor with a passion for helping individuals find their balance, strength, and purpose, with a Master of Social Work degree from Washington University earned in 2004.
Greg Rieger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63141
If you're struggling and needing some help, you've already made the first important step. I work with clients who have problems in everyday living, including difficulties with anxiety, depression, panic and bipolar disorder. I've also worked with people who experience more serious problems like suicidal and self-harm thoughts and actions and impulsivity. I have 15 years of experience treating adults, adolescents and families, parents of adolescents and young adults, people struggling with grief and loss, and members of the LGBTQ+ population. Visit my web site at www.riegertherapy.com and please feel free to reach out.
If you're struggling and needing some help, you've already made the first important step. I work with clients who have problems in everyday living, including difficulties with anxiety, depression, panic and bipolar disorder. I've also worked with people who experience more serious problems like suicidal and self-harm thoughts and actions and impulsivity. I have 15 years of experience treating adults, adolescents and families, parents of adolescents and young adults, people struggling with grief and loss, and members of the LGBTQ+ population. Visit my web site at www.riegertherapy.com and please feel free to reach out.
Richard B. Boswell, LCSW, L.L.C
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LLC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63132 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My practice is highly specialized using evidence-based methods that help couples, families and individuals. I am certified by both the Gottman Institute and the International Center for Excellence in Emotionally Focused Therapy to help couples. I also work with individuals experiencing the challenge of depression, anxiety, trauma, bipolar disorder, parenting issues or those needing to improve their relationships with the important people in their lives.
My practice is highly specialized using evidence-based methods that help couples, families and individuals. I am certified by both the Gottman Institute and the International Center for Excellence in Emotionally Focused Therapy to help couples. I also work with individuals experiencing the challenge of depression, anxiety, trauma, bipolar disorder, parenting issues or those needing to improve their relationships with the important people in their lives.
Jayree Stone
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and appreciate working with clients with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, relationships, teen-parent conflicts, religious trauma/abuse and gender and sexual identity struggles. I have experience helping individuals, families, and couples work through life transitions and challenges including aging, relationships, financial hardships, social anxieties, spiritual identity, and divorce. We can't do it all on our own. I offer a safe space to help you manage and cope with your daily struggles.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and appreciate working with clients with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, relationships, teen-parent conflicts, religious trauma/abuse and gender and sexual identity struggles. I have experience helping individuals, families, and couples work through life transitions and challenges including aging, relationships, financial hardships, social anxieties, spiritual identity, and divorce. We can't do it all on our own. I offer a safe space to help you manage and cope with your daily struggles.
Joy Hathaway
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63139
She has experience with substance use and behavioral addictions, as well as anxiety, depression, bipolar, relationship issues, and many other conditions that bring people to therapy.
Joy Hathaway, LPC Joy Hathaway is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri who has been practicing since 2014. She has a Master of Education in Counseling from the University of Missouri, St. Louis, and a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from University of Missouri, St. Louis. Joy enjoys working with people to find the best path for them, personally, to help them move their lives forward. Her approach is based mostly on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, incorporating elements from ACT, DBT, strengths-based, person-centered, and trauma-informed.
She has experience with substance use and behavioral addictions, as well as anxiety, depression, bipolar, relationship issues, and many other conditions that bring people to therapy.
Joy Hathaway, LPC Joy Hathaway is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri who has been practicing since 2014. She has a Master of Education in Counseling from the University of Missouri, St. Louis, and a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from University of Missouri, St. Louis. Joy enjoys working with people to find the best path for them, personally, to help them move their lives forward. Her approach is based mostly on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, incorporating elements from ACT, DBT, strengths-based, person-centered, and trauma-informed.
Janice Bushong
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63123
My name is Janice Bushong, I am a Licensed Professional counselor in the state of Missouri. I have a history of working in substance abuse, individual therapy, group therapy and couple's therapy. Types of clients I most typically work with are substance abuse, anxiety disorder, depression, anger management and bipolar disorder. I very much enjoy working with the addictive personality group of clients,
My name is Janice Bushong, I am a Licensed Professional counselor in the state of Missouri. I have a history of working in substance abuse, individual therapy, group therapy and couple's therapy. Types of clients I most typically work with are substance abuse, anxiety disorder, depression, anger management and bipolar disorder. I very much enjoy working with the addictive personality group of clients,
Terry L Boyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63132
Do you feel overwhelmed? Are you feeling stressed out, sad or depressed? Are you arguing about the same thing over and over? I would like the opportunity to help you with what ever problems you are experiencing. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and a Certified Mediator working with children, teens, individuals, couples and families in a private practice in Creve Coeur. I have experience working with people diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder, Depression, Anxiety, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, ADHD, Conduct Disorder, and Abuse. I am optimistic that together we can find solutions to your concerns.
Do you feel overwhelmed? Are you feeling stressed out, sad or depressed? Are you arguing about the same thing over and over? I would like the opportunity to help you with what ever problems you are experiencing. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and a Certified Mediator working with children, teens, individuals, couples and families in a private practice in Creve Coeur. I have experience working with people diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder, Depression, Anxiety, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, ADHD, Conduct Disorder, and Abuse. I am optimistic that together we can find solutions to your concerns.
Aya B Kawasaki
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, LLM
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63109
Depression, anxiety, phobia, self injury, grief, adjustment, stress, relationship, anger, adoption, family, physical health, PTSD, bipolar.
I work with adolescents, adults, and seniors. In home, in school services are available. Clients are encouraged to have specific goals in order to have a personalized treatment plan. I also like to incorporate relaxation exercise.
Depression, anxiety, phobia, self injury, grief, adjustment, stress, relationship, anger, adoption, family, physical health, PTSD, bipolar.
I work with adolescents, adults, and seniors. In home, in school services are available. Clients are encouraged to have specific goals in order to have a personalized treatment plan. I also like to incorporate relaxation exercise.
Such Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63101 (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Jenny Such and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the states of Missouri, Illinois, Texas and Maryland doing virtual sessions only. My counseling style is relaxed, warm and empathetic. I believe everyone should be treated with respect and compassion. Together, we will come up with a plan to meet your needs. My experiences ranges from anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, addiction, trauma, daily life stressors and more. I do have experience with First Responders, Active-Duty Military, Reserves, and Military families. I work with teens and adults of all ages.
Welcome! My name is Jenny Such and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the states of Missouri, Illinois, Texas and Maryland doing virtual sessions only. My counseling style is relaxed, warm and empathetic. I believe everyone should be treated with respect and compassion. Together, we will come up with a plan to meet your needs. My experiences ranges from anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, addiction, trauma, daily life stressors and more. I do have experience with First Responders, Active-Duty Military, Reserves, and Military families. I work with teens and adults of all ages.
15 Second Videos
Such Counseling LLC
Jennifer Patricia Campbell
Dana M. Powell and Associates, LLC
Open Arms Wellness Therapy and Counseling
Leah Polk
Dustin B Adamo
Renew With Wren Counseling, LLC
Rachell Nord-Roseau
San Mueller
Ellie Mental Health - Hampton Ave
Kate Schroeder
Peter Kopcha
Erin Elking
Elizabeth Pope
Carolyn Catchings
Kathy V Guerra
Aya B Kawasaki
Melanie Maria Smith
Megan Kopriva
Empowered Movement
Brenda Lee Casey
Alyssa Cline
Sandhill Counseling & Consultation
Joelleen Lowe
Amy Camp Ryan
Valerie Akerson
Kristen Stoff
Robert F Cook
Alyssa Wood
Justin Wiseman
Richard Scott
Sara Appleton
Centurion Johnson
Nigel B Darvell
Bill Clark
Carol Patricia Hodson
Pamela Weaver
Grace Stegall
Ricky Lomax
Jessica Crunkleton
Jennifer Patricia Campbell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63101 (Online Only)
I work with LGBTQIA+, substance abuse, trauma, women's issues, and chronic mental health concerns like depression, anxiety, bipolar, and personality disorders.
This little thing called life is not working for you. Your struggle with sexuality, gender, addiction, depression, or anxiety can be overwhelming. You feel odd, weird, alone. You don't need to be alone. We will work together to tailor our approach to meet your unique and specific needs. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. You want to laugh again, and not sarcastically or ironically, let's rediscover the humor in this little thing called life.
I work with LGBTQIA+, substance abuse, trauma, women's issues, and chronic mental health concerns like depression, anxiety, bipolar, and personality disorders.
This little thing called life is not working for you. Your struggle with sexuality, gender, addiction, depression, or anxiety can be overwhelming. You feel odd, weird, alone. You don't need to be alone. We will work together to tailor our approach to meet your unique and specific needs. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. You want to laugh again, and not sarcastically or ironically, let's rediscover the humor in this little thing called life.
Dana M. Powell and Associates, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS Ed, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63106
We will use the best therapeutic methods to address everyday stressors to PTSD, GAD, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder.
Thoughts seem to swirl constantly in your head or weighing you down. Let’s work together in treating your symptoms related to depression, anxiety, or PTSD. Moreover, let’s boost your self-worth and confidence with talk therapy, bibliotherapy, mirror-work, and journaling! We will also look at the benefits of thought stopping, and how to get to the source. We’ll work with other healthcare providers to fully support your overall well-being. We will treat you with the upmost compassion & care! We are here to help you check the emotional baggage that we all seem to accumulate over time and get back to freedom, fulfillment, and fierce!
We will use the best therapeutic methods to address everyday stressors to PTSD, GAD, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder.
Thoughts seem to swirl constantly in your head or weighing you down. Let’s work together in treating your symptoms related to depression, anxiety, or PTSD. Moreover, let’s boost your self-worth and confidence with talk therapy, bibliotherapy, mirror-work, and journaling! We will also look at the benefits of thought stopping, and how to get to the source. We’ll work with other healthcare providers to fully support your overall well-being. We will treat you with the upmost compassion & care! We are here to help you check the emotional baggage that we all seem to accumulate over time and get back to freedom, fulfillment, and fierce!
Emily Kamp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
Hi there - My name is Emily Kamp and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have over 17 years of experience working with individuals with severe and chronic mental illness. After working in an inpatient forensic psychiatric hospital for the last ten years, I am looking forward to sharing my knowledge and expertise in an outpatient setting. My areas of practice include Trauma, Attachment issues, Adjustment Disorders and Depression. I also have vast experience working with individuals who live with symptoms associated with Bipolar Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, and Schizophrenia.
Hi there - My name is Emily Kamp and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have over 17 years of experience working with individuals with severe and chronic mental illness. After working in an inpatient forensic psychiatric hospital for the last ten years, I am looking forward to sharing my knowledge and expertise in an outpatient setting. My areas of practice include Trauma, Attachment issues, Adjustment Disorders and Depression. I also have vast experience working with individuals who live with symptoms associated with Bipolar Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, and Schizophrenia.
Sara Loftis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63129
My specialties include PTSD, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and borderline personality disorder.
I have 15 years of experience working with families, couples and adolescents/teenagers who have endured trauma. Many I have helped struggled with self-harm, suicidal thoughts/attempts, anxiety, being bullied, peer pressure and peer conflicts, self-esteem, school performance, and/or school behaviors. I have also worked with many women over the years. Woman I have helped came to me due to weight management issues, grief, divorce, relationship issues/infidelity, finding purpose, the life-change cycle and stress/anxiety related to work/career challenges/changes. I enjoy helping clients find their inner self-confidence and strength.
My specialties include PTSD, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and borderline personality disorder.
I have 15 years of experience working with families, couples and adolescents/teenagers who have endured trauma. Many I have helped struggled with self-harm, suicidal thoughts/attempts, anxiety, being bullied, peer pressure and peer conflicts, self-esteem, school performance, and/or school behaviors. I have also worked with many women over the years. Woman I have helped came to me due to weight management issues, grief, divorce, relationship issues/infidelity, finding purpose, the life-change cycle and stress/anxiety related to work/career challenges/changes. I enjoy helping clients find their inner self-confidence and strength.
Emmogene Chepely
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63130 (Online Only)
My name is Emmogene (Emma) Chepely, and I’m glad you’re here. I would be honored to help you take the important step toward a better life. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) licensed in Missouri and based in the St. Louis area, and I have over 6 years experience treating trauma, addiction, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, life changes, bipolar disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and LGBTQ+. I use an eclectic and personalized approach in order to provide a safe, welcoming, and comfortable environment which fosters growth and learning. I work to build a connection with no shame or judgement.
My name is Emmogene (Emma) Chepely, and I’m glad you’re here. I would be honored to help you take the important step toward a better life. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) licensed in Missouri and based in the St. Louis area, and I have over 6 years experience treating trauma, addiction, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, life changes, bipolar disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and LGBTQ+. I use an eclectic and personalized approach in order to provide a safe, welcoming, and comfortable environment which fosters growth and learning. I work to build a connection with no shame or judgement.
Danielle Endejan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, PLPC, CRAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
Jody (Hansen) Fixman
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63141 (Online Only)
I have a wide range of experience including: Consulting and providing services for the Dr. Phil Show; Adjunct Professor in Graduate School Counseling program; Crisis counselor for the United States Postal Service, Care Manager for United Behavioral Health and Lead clinician for an outpatient clinic. I am Nationally Board Certified and a member of the following: Mo. Mental Health Counselors Assn.; American Counseling Association; American Psychological Assn. Don't wait another day to find solutions to your issues. I am also an online therapist so now you don't have to leave your home or work to get help. Make that call today!
I have a wide range of experience including: Consulting and providing services for the Dr. Phil Show; Adjunct Professor in Graduate School Counseling program; Crisis counselor for the United States Postal Service, Care Manager for United Behavioral Health and Lead clinician for an outpatient clinic. I am Nationally Board Certified and a member of the following: Mo. Mental Health Counselors Assn.; American Counseling Association; American Psychological Assn. Don't wait another day to find solutions to your issues. I am also an online therapist so now you don't have to leave your home or work to get help. Make that call today!
Johnny Kim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63103
Hey there- I'm curious to see if you've ever thought the following questions: "What am I doing wrong; am I the bad person here; or why do I keep doing this?" Well, you're not alone. Asking yourself these important questions may lead to ideas of distasteful implications and conclusions that you might be afraid to confront, hoping that they aren't true. Unfortunately, that process is difficult because we're biased. I invite you to reach out if you would like an objective perspective to combat your biases and help you develop a genuine, authentic relationship with yourself.
Hey there- I'm curious to see if you've ever thought the following questions: "What am I doing wrong; am I the bad person here; or why do I keep doing this?" Well, you're not alone. Asking yourself these important questions may lead to ideas of distasteful implications and conclusions that you might be afraid to confront, hoping that they aren't true. Unfortunately, that process is difficult because we're biased. I invite you to reach out if you would like an objective perspective to combat your biases and help you develop a genuine, authentic relationship with yourself.
Annetta Sykes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ED, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63138
My ideal client is an individual interested in a professional that can assist them in being better, having healthy relationships, and developing skills that can enhance their life and those they encounter. We all have problems and I can help clients learn the skills to overcome any issue and have a healthier mind and life!
My ideal client is an individual interested in a professional that can assist them in being better, having healthy relationships, and developing skills that can enhance their life and those they encounter. We all have problems and I can help clients learn the skills to overcome any issue and have a healthier mind and life!
See more therapy options for Saint Louis
Bipolar Disorder Therapists
What is the most successful approach to treating bipolar disorder?
Living with bipolar disorder can be challenging, and a number of therapies have been found effective in providing support to patients as they gain the skills to understand and manage the disorder. Family-focused therapy is often helpful for children and teens (the majority of cases develop before age 19); it aims to minimize mood cycling by improving family communication and reducing conflict. It also helps young people navigate the developmental challenges the disorder can create. Cognitive and behavioral therapy (CBT) and variants such as Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)help patients manage the thoughts and feelings that influence bipolar mood swings as well as develop specific behavioral strategies to counteract them.
What happens in therapy for bipolar disorder?
Because the patterns of mood switching and its triggers differ for each person and can change over time, mood tracking or monitoring becomes a basic way patients learn about the nature of their condition. One of the most common features of therapy is finding a workable method of mood monitoring, in which patients track their daily activities and rate their moods, then use the findings to adjust routines accordingly. Patients learn ways of handling the many stresses that arise in life so that they do not trigger mood swings.
What kinds of problems does therapy help with?
Like many other mental health disorders, BPD is heavily influenced by stress; therapy provides skills for coping with stressors of all kinds. Therapy is extremely important for helping individuals identify the situations that may trigger mood switching, so that mood swings can be prevented. Therapy may especially target recognition of the early stages of mood change so that they can be managed. In addition, therapy helps patients deal with the significant amount of turbulence the disorder can create in relationships and in work life.
What is the goal of therapy for bipolar disorder?
Therapy helps patients set up their lives to maintain stability so that their mood isn’t constantly threatened by daily events. Perhaps the first task of therapy is to educate people about the nature of the disorder. At the same time, a primary goal of therapy is to enhance adherence to drug treatment. Extended periods of mood stability can prompt patients to discontinue medication, triggering relapse, while the early phases of manic episodes can feel so energizing that patients stop medication, ushering in full-blown mania and the altered self-perception that can lead to destructive behaviors. Another major goal of therapy is to understand one’s mood patterns so as to minimize both the frequency and intensity of mood cycling.