Therapists in Dayton, OH

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Photo of Meagan Fromme, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dayton, OH
Meagan Fromme
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45459  (Online Only)
Born in Olympia, Washington and raised around the world, I have always had a desire to help others. I completed the Master of Social Work program through the University of Southern California with a focus on Clinical Mental Health in 2018. I am very person centered and enjoy being able to meet my client’s where they are, utilizing Evidence Based Practices to assist them in achieving our established SMART goals.
Born in Olympia, Washington and raised around the world, I have always had a desire to help others. I completed the Master of Social Work program through the University of Southern California with a focus on Clinical Mental Health in 2018. I am very person centered and enjoy being able to meet my client’s where they are, utilizing Evidence Based Practices to assist them in achieving our established SMART goals.
(937) 954-2146 View (937) 954-2146
Joseph Archie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW, LSW, CDCA
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45405
I work with psychosocial issues such as substance abuse and mental health, homelessness, and help problem solve various individuals and families social issues to enhance quality of life.
I work with psychosocial issues such as substance abuse and mental health, homelessness, and help problem solve various individuals and families social issues to enhance quality of life.
(937) 446-6888 View (937) 446-6888
Photo of Frances M Duncan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dayton, OH
Frances M Duncan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45406
I feel it is important to offer expert quality care that is compassionate, and tailored to each person's uniqueness as an individual. I have 33 years of clinical experience working with children, teens, families, and adults facing various life challenges. Time passes quickly. We often spend our days unhappy, and stressed. Sometimes it can be difficult to see beyond the hardships, and realize what matters most to us. If you can't change a situation, change your perspective.
I feel it is important to offer expert quality care that is compassionate, and tailored to each person's uniqueness as an individual. I have 33 years of clinical experience working with children, teens, families, and adults facing various life challenges. Time passes quickly. We often spend our days unhappy, and stressed. Sometimes it can be difficult to see beyond the hardships, and realize what matters most to us. If you can't change a situation, change your perspective.
(937) 210-4625 View (937) 210-4625
Photo of Jonathon Walton, Counselor in Dayton, OH
Jonathon Walton
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45419  (Online Only)
Evening and Weekend Appointments Now Available. ...................................................................................................................................Each of us is on our own individual journey. At times, we all need assistance to help us overcome the stumbling blocks that are in our path. These stumbling blocks may be from the distant past, recent past, present, or fear of the future and may be affecting us at school, work, home, in relationships, or all the above.
Evening and Weekend Appointments Now Available. ...................................................................................................................................Each of us is on our own individual journey. At times, we all need assistance to help us overcome the stumbling blocks that are in our path. These stumbling blocks may be from the distant past, recent past, present, or fear of the future and may be affecting us at school, work, home, in relationships, or all the above.
(937) 975-2974 View (937) 975-2974
Photo of Mildred Elaine Arnold-Graham, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Dayton, OH
Mildred Elaine Arnold-Graham
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, P-LCSW, LMSW, CAP
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45424
Life has many challenges, at times we all need a listening ear of support. If your tired of being sick and tired let's work together to gain a balance in your relationships and personal growth. I offer supportive and compassionate counseling to help empower you in meeting life's struggles. I have a holistic approach to counseling that builds from a person's strenghts, by identifing challenges and working towards achieving balances in everyday living.
Life has many challenges, at times we all need a listening ear of support. If your tired of being sick and tired let's work together to gain a balance in your relationships and personal growth. I offer supportive and compassionate counseling to help empower you in meeting life's struggles. I have a holistic approach to counseling that builds from a person's strenghts, by identifing challenges and working towards achieving balances in everyday living.
(937) 288-8854 View (937) 288-8854
Photo of Katie Grier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dayton, OH
Katie Grier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45419
You'll feel confident and comfortable working with me because you'll know that we are a team and that I'll always have your best interests at heart. I am an incredibly attentive listener and will work very hard to understand your needs and then tailor my approach to meet your individual needs. We'll work together to develop skills and overcome negative patterns of thinking and to navigate any issues you're facing such as anxiety, depression, school or peer issues, family relationships, low self-esteem, grief, sexual identity, or other concerns you might have. I am open minded and will fully accept you for who you are as a person.
You'll feel confident and comfortable working with me because you'll know that we are a team and that I'll always have your best interests at heart. I am an incredibly attentive listener and will work very hard to understand your needs and then tailor my approach to meet your individual needs. We'll work together to develop skills and overcome negative patterns of thinking and to navigate any issues you're facing such as anxiety, depression, school or peer issues, family relationships, low self-esteem, grief, sexual identity, or other concerns you might have. I am open minded and will fully accept you for who you are as a person.
(937) 777-9150 x1 View (937) 777-9150 x1
Photo of Natalie Woodson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dayton, OH
Natalie Woodson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45419
It was my dream to become a therapist and my passion for helping others has grown stronger with time. I specialize in working with individuals dealing with stress and anxiety, depression, anger, relationship concerns, trauma, panic, and PTSD. I use a variety of methods to help my clients dissect and understand each aspect of their mental health and to help them move forward. I am trained in and can use EMDR as an intervention should you need more help overcoming your history.
It was my dream to become a therapist and my passion for helping others has grown stronger with time. I specialize in working with individuals dealing with stress and anxiety, depression, anger, relationship concerns, trauma, panic, and PTSD. I use a variety of methods to help my clients dissect and understand each aspect of their mental health and to help them move forward. I am trained in and can use EMDR as an intervention should you need more help overcoming your history.
(937) 900-9126 View (937) 900-9126
Photo of Freedom in Christ Counseling, Counselor in Dayton, OH
Freedom in Christ Counseling
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45424  (Online Only)
Are you a man that is dealing with pornography addiction, depression, stress, anxiety, trauma, grief, relationship concerns, or compassion fatigue? Do you feel alone and unable to explore these things with other men you know for fear of judgment? Do you have a desire to grow your faith while exploring these struggles in a safe and non-judgmental environment? We can help!
Are you a man that is dealing with pornography addiction, depression, stress, anxiety, trauma, grief, relationship concerns, or compassion fatigue? Do you feel alone and unable to explore these things with other men you know for fear of judgment? Do you have a desire to grow your faith while exploring these struggles in a safe and non-judgmental environment? We can help!
(937) 308-6930 View (937) 308-6930
Photo of Midwest Therapeutics, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dayton, OH
Midwest Therapeutics, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45414  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Ciara, a Licensed Independent Social Worker! I have just under 10 years of experience providing therapy to adults & children. I am a proud dog mom to Brady my 13 year old mutt & am happiest when with my people! My favorites include but are not limited to: Taylor Swift, shopping, ice cream, coffee & rom-coms! What to expect in a typical session with me: talking through life and its many pits & peaks, lots of questions (some easy, some hard), weekly updates, goal setting & review, a few laughs - potentially a few tears.... learning, coping skills and honesty. Practice makes progress!
Hi! I'm Ciara, a Licensed Independent Social Worker! I have just under 10 years of experience providing therapy to adults & children. I am a proud dog mom to Brady my 13 year old mutt & am happiest when with my people! My favorites include but are not limited to: Taylor Swift, shopping, ice cream, coffee & rom-coms! What to expect in a typical session with me: talking through life and its many pits & peaks, lots of questions (some easy, some hard), weekly updates, goal setting & review, a few laughs - potentially a few tears.... learning, coping skills and honesty. Practice makes progress!
(937) 821-1331 View (937) 821-1331
Photo of Battle For Your Life Christian Counseling Service, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dayton, OH
Battle For Your Life Christian Counseling Service
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45406
As a Christian, deciding to pursue counseling can be a difficult step. Many judge themselves, or fear judgment from others, for not “having enough faith” or “praying enough” to resolve the situation themselves. Others have sought counseling in the past without success, and worry that trying again will only disappoint. At Battle for Your Life Christian Counseling & Training Services (BFYL), we know that all believers –Yes, ALL believers – have seasons of struggle in their life when they need others to come alongside them. Whether you are struggling with marital problems, battling anxiety or depression, are a wounded believer, or are simply in need of fresh guidance and counsel for the direction of your life, we are here to help you. If you are tired of counsel that relies on the limited wisdom, knowledge and experience of yet another person, and if you do not simply want to learn “how to deal” but how to have victory in your life, we exist to help you.
As a Christian, deciding to pursue counseling can be a difficult step. Many judge themselves, or fear judgment from others, for not “having enough faith” or “praying enough” to resolve the situation themselves. Others have sought counseling in the past without success, and worry that trying again will only disappoint. At Battle for Your Life Christian Counseling & Training Services (BFYL), we know that all believers –Yes, ALL believers – have seasons of struggle in their life when they need others to come alongside them. Whether you are struggling with marital problems, battling anxiety or depression, are a wounded believer, or are simply in need of fresh guidance and counsel for the direction of your life, we are here to help you. If you are tired of counsel that relies on the limited wisdom, knowledge and experience of yet another person, and if you do not simply want to learn “how to deal” but how to have victory in your life, we exist to help you.
(937) 669-7912 View (937) 669-7912
Photo of Jherlynn Tims, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dayton, OH
Jherlynn Tims
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45409
Not accepting new clients
The path to healing is not a straight line. There will be ups, downs and side steps. However, with the help of therapy the path to healing can be made less bumpy. Understanding the best ways to navigate part of your life journey will help you maintain a healthy mental state of being. My specialty in psychodynamic therapy and solution focused therapy equips me to guide you to deeply understand your feelings and thoughts during your self-reflection. In our sessions, you will be provided tools and strategies to enhance your positive self-talk, and meditation techniques to improve your emotional self-regulation.
The path to healing is not a straight line. There will be ups, downs and side steps. However, with the help of therapy the path to healing can be made less bumpy. Understanding the best ways to navigate part of your life journey will help you maintain a healthy mental state of being. My specialty in psychodynamic therapy and solution focused therapy equips me to guide you to deeply understand your feelings and thoughts during your self-reflection. In our sessions, you will be provided tools and strategies to enhance your positive self-talk, and meditation techniques to improve your emotional self-regulation.
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Photo of Dr. Bridget Jones, Psychologist in Dayton, OH
Dr. Bridget Jones
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45429
I'm happy you are here. I work with women and new parents who are struggling with the transition to pregnancy or parenting and want to feel more enjoyment and confidence in their new identity and relationships. I know it can be intimidating to consider therapy. You may be pregnant or newly postpartum, grappling with the physical, emotional, and environmental changes that come with such a transition. You may be a tired or stressed out parent, trying to “have it all” but always falling behind the endless to-dos. I understand the difficulties that come with expanding your family. We can work together to improve your wellbeing.
I'm happy you are here. I work with women and new parents who are struggling with the transition to pregnancy or parenting and want to feel more enjoyment and confidence in their new identity and relationships. I know it can be intimidating to consider therapy. You may be pregnant or newly postpartum, grappling with the physical, emotional, and environmental changes that come with such a transition. You may be a tired or stressed out parent, trying to “have it all” but always falling behind the endless to-dos. I understand the difficulties that come with expanding your family. We can work together to improve your wellbeing.
(937) 930-4329 View (937) 930-4329
Photo of Elaine Pritchett, Counselor in Dayton, OH
Elaine Pritchett
Counselor, MS, LPCC, S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45440
With Compassion and understanding I focus on helping clients find positive pathways to better their lives and overcome obstacles that stand in their way. I have a practical, laid back approach to therapy and help clients see different choices and begin achieving their goals. Using evidence based treatment my therapeutic approach is to provide support and give practical feedback to help clients effectively address personal life challenges.
With Compassion and understanding I focus on helping clients find positive pathways to better their lives and overcome obstacles that stand in their way. I have a practical, laid back approach to therapy and help clients see different choices and begin achieving their goals. Using evidence based treatment my therapeutic approach is to provide support and give practical feedback to help clients effectively address personal life challenges.
(937) 634-7434 View (937) 634-7434
Kaitlyn Spitzer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45415
Hi, my name is Kaitlyn (Kate) Spitzer. I'm an youth therapist who has experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, behavioral issues, neurodivergency. I am LGBT+ affirming, and strive to create an environment where my clients feel understood and accepted. I believe that therapy can be fun, and that you can learn through play, which is why I love utilizing art and play activities in my sessions. I utilize CBT, DBT, Motivational techniques, and employ a strengths based and humanistic approach.
Hi, my name is Kaitlyn (Kate) Spitzer. I'm an youth therapist who has experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, behavioral issues, neurodivergency. I am LGBT+ affirming, and strive to create an environment where my clients feel understood and accepted. I believe that therapy can be fun, and that you can learn through play, which is why I love utilizing art and play activities in my sessions. I utilize CBT, DBT, Motivational techniques, and employ a strengths based and humanistic approach.
(937) 826-3863 View (937) 826-3863
Photo of Ann Edwards, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dayton, OH
Ann Edwards
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45429
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, feeling overwhelmed in life? Are you feeling lost or confused while navigating through a life transition? When you’re experiencing feelings like these, being able to work through them in a safe environment that is free from judgement is important. Whether its relationship difficulties, work/school, or issues from past trauma, I’ll walk with you on this part of your life journey and together we will move towards helping you achieve the personal growth & inner strength you desire, finding solutions that work for you, and developing skills that can continue to help you throughout your life.
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, feeling overwhelmed in life? Are you feeling lost or confused while navigating through a life transition? When you’re experiencing feelings like these, being able to work through them in a safe environment that is free from judgement is important. Whether its relationship difficulties, work/school, or issues from past trauma, I’ll walk with you on this part of your life journey and together we will move towards helping you achieve the personal growth & inner strength you desire, finding solutions that work for you, and developing skills that can continue to help you throughout your life.
(937) 230-7970 View (937) 230-7970
Photo of North Therapeutics LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dayton, OH
North Therapeutics LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45414
Jordan North is a Dayton-area therapist with experience working with an eclectic range of populations with an emphasis on life course issues, interpersonal conflicts and issues surrounding identity (gender, race, class, sexuality). Practicing mental health professional with nearly a decade in the field including roles as case manager, school based therapist and school counselor. Licensed professional counselor and school counselor emphasizing a person-centered and trauma-informed approach to everyday challenges. Therapist specializes in serving middle and high school age youth but is available to work with adults as well.
Jordan North is a Dayton-area therapist with experience working with an eclectic range of populations with an emphasis on life course issues, interpersonal conflicts and issues surrounding identity (gender, race, class, sexuality). Practicing mental health professional with nearly a decade in the field including roles as case manager, school based therapist and school counselor. Licensed professional counselor and school counselor emphasizing a person-centered and trauma-informed approach to everyday challenges. Therapist specializes in serving middle and high school age youth but is available to work with adults as well.
(937) 582-8160 View (937) 582-8160
Photo of Kelly Delgado, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Dayton, OH
Kelly Delgado
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MRC, CRC, LPCC-S, LICDCCS
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45414  (Online Only)
Accepting New Telehealth Clients - Evening & Weekend Appointments. I am a seasoned, eclectic professional with 25 years experience in the fields of Mental Health and Addiction. I believe that overall wellness is an attainable experience, but our lives can be impacted by behaviors, symptoms or experiences that hinder our balance and growth. I support an individualized approach, calling upon varying techniques to aid in your success in alleviating these barriers.
Accepting New Telehealth Clients - Evening & Weekend Appointments. I am a seasoned, eclectic professional with 25 years experience in the fields of Mental Health and Addiction. I believe that overall wellness is an attainable experience, but our lives can be impacted by behaviors, symptoms or experiences that hinder our balance and growth. I support an individualized approach, calling upon varying techniques to aid in your success in alleviating these barriers.
(937) 800-4953 View (937) 800-4953
Photo of Matthew Escano, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dayton, OH
Matthew Escano
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , LPCC
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45405
I specialize in anxiety, depression, ADHD, various forms of addiction, autism, & more. Are your goals oriented towards reducing maladaptive symptoms, identifying the behaviors you wish to engage in, being the person you want to be, and, ultimately, the life you aspire to live? Do you desire change and growth & are willing to put the necessary effort in? As your counselor, I do not effect change; that responsibility belongs to you. I aim to empower you to recognize your innate strengths, develop them further, and effectively use them towards your goals in life.
I specialize in anxiety, depression, ADHD, various forms of addiction, autism, & more. Are your goals oriented towards reducing maladaptive symptoms, identifying the behaviors you wish to engage in, being the person you want to be, and, ultimately, the life you aspire to live? Do you desire change and growth & are willing to put the necessary effort in? As your counselor, I do not effect change; that responsibility belongs to you. I aim to empower you to recognize your innate strengths, develop them further, and effectively use them towards your goals in life.
(937) 857-5743 View (937) 857-5743
Photo of Pam Gibson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dayton, OH
Pam Gibson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45419
I have been working as a therapist since 2006 and have extensive knowledge and experience working with individuals dealing with stress and anxiety, depression, grief and loss, death, divorce, loss of a loved one to suicide, women's issues, relationships (couples and families), life transitions, and domestic violence, among other issues. I have a client-centered approach and focus on the individual needs and concerns of each of my clients. I use evidence-based interventions to help my clients reduce their symptoms, promote recovery and develop optimal health and well-being
I have been working as a therapist since 2006 and have extensive knowledge and experience working with individuals dealing with stress and anxiety, depression, grief and loss, death, divorce, loss of a loved one to suicide, women's issues, relationships (couples and families), life transitions, and domestic violence, among other issues. I have a client-centered approach and focus on the individual needs and concerns of each of my clients. I use evidence-based interventions to help my clients reduce their symptoms, promote recovery and develop optimal health and well-being
(937) 507-6589 View (937) 507-6589
Photo of Grace Counseling Inc., Counselor in Dayton, OH
Grace Counseling Inc.
Counselor, CPsyD, ThD, DMin
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45424
With Mental Health being on the rise in today's society, Dr. Martin is committed to walking along side, to minister in a way that brings wholeness and balance. You do not have to walk alone. We live in a time when men call right, wrong and wrong, right. At a time when evil is good and good is evil, and is very confusing. Dr. Martin's focus is on the moral compass that brings hope and peace through Biblical principles as the foundation to build a much peaceful and blessed life.
With Mental Health being on the rise in today's society, Dr. Martin is committed to walking along side, to minister in a way that brings wholeness and balance. You do not have to walk alone. We live in a time when men call right, wrong and wrong, right. At a time when evil is good and good is evil, and is very confusing. Dr. Martin's focus is on the moral compass that brings hope and peace through Biblical principles as the foundation to build a much peaceful and blessed life.
(937) 275-7253 View (937) 275-7253

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dayton, OH

400+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Dayton, OH who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
67% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% Aetna
70% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
68% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Dayton, OH see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dayton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.