Therapists in Northbrook, IL

Photo of Phyllis Dawson, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Phyllis Dawson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome. I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 25 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. My view of therapy is that you are your own best expert. As Carl Rogers said, “As no one else can know how we perceive, we are the best experts on ourselves”. My role is to help empower you to overcome the obstacles that have been impeding you from making the changes necessary to meet your goals and live your best life.
Welcome. I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 25 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and families. My view of therapy is that you are your own best expert. As Carl Rogers said, “As no one else can know how we perceive, we are the best experts on ourselves”. My role is to help empower you to overcome the obstacles that have been impeding you from making the changes necessary to meet your goals and live your best life.
(224) 458-2542 View (224) 458-2542
Photo of Ashley Senderak, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Ashley Senderak
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
I specialize in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), and Dialectal Behavior Therapy (DBT). Additionally, I utilize Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) focusing on the individual's values and making changes for a more fulfilling lifestyle. My hope for each client is to build their confidence to be their own therapist and navigate the uncertainties of life with minimal distress.
I specialize in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), and Dialectal Behavior Therapy (DBT). Additionally, I utilize Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) focusing on the individual's values and making changes for a more fulfilling lifestyle. My hope for each client is to build their confidence to be their own therapist and navigate the uncertainties of life with minimal distress.
(847) 499-2954 View (847) 499-2954
Photo of Rebecca Dale, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Rebecca Dale
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I have experience working with a variety of presenting problems including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), life transitions, family transitions, and difficult relationships. I believe in the centrality of the relationship between client and therapist, and work to cultivate positive, trusting relationships with everyone with whom I work. I enjoy working with schools, families, and other medical professionals to ensure that every client receives the most collaborative and highest possible level of care.
I have experience working with a variety of presenting problems including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), life transitions, family transitions, and difficult relationships. I believe in the centrality of the relationship between client and therapist, and work to cultivate positive, trusting relationships with everyone with whom I work. I enjoy working with schools, families, and other medical professionals to ensure that every client receives the most collaborative and highest possible level of care.
(847) 443-9503 View (847) 443-9503
Photo of Dave Lovely, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Dave Lovely
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Dave Lovely is a Licensed Social Worker in Illinois. He has a Bachelor's degree in English, a Master's in Library and Information Sciences, and a Master's in Social Work. Dave transitioned to mental health after two decades in corporate life, so he understands that life can be complicated and take unexpected turns. Sometimes we need compassionate, thoughtful advice from someone else who's been there, too! Dave has an enormous range of prior life experience that he brings to his work as a therapist, on issues ranging from workplace discontent to LGBTQIA+ life to neurodivergence to blended families.
Dave Lovely is a Licensed Social Worker in Illinois. He has a Bachelor's degree in English, a Master's in Library and Information Sciences, and a Master's in Social Work. Dave transitioned to mental health after two decades in corporate life, so he understands that life can be complicated and take unexpected turns. Sometimes we need compassionate, thoughtful advice from someone else who's been there, too! Dave has an enormous range of prior life experience that he brings to his work as a therapist, on issues ranging from workplace discontent to LGBTQIA+ life to neurodivergence to blended families.
(224) 219-0262 View (224) 219-0262
Photo of Sharon Whited, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Sharon Whited
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Sometimes people come to a point in their life when they feel stuck. After trying to solve their challenges on their own, they come to realize they could use some help. You may have arrived at a place in your life where additional support overcoming an obstacle would be helpful. You may sense the need for a safe place to heal or grow. Counseling is a place where you can be authentic, acknowledge your challenges and create a plan to move forward toward wholeness. We can work together to achieve your goals and create a more fulfilling life. Growth and change is possible for everyone.
Sometimes people come to a point in their life when they feel stuck. After trying to solve their challenges on their own, they come to realize they could use some help. You may have arrived at a place in your life where additional support overcoming an obstacle would be helpful. You may sense the need for a safe place to heal or grow. Counseling is a place where you can be authentic, acknowledge your challenges and create a plan to move forward toward wholeness. We can work together to achieve your goals and create a more fulfilling life. Growth and change is possible for everyone.
(224) 261-7259 View (224) 261-7259
Photo of Ewa Nevler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
Ewa Nevler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
Ewa Nevler is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 18 years of clinical experience in family services agencies. Ewa has significant experience and training working with children, adolescents, adults as well as geriatric population. Ewa provides integrative services to offer guidance related to issues of parenting and co-parenting, anxiety and depression, grief and loss, marriage and relationship concerns, separation and divorce, life transitions, as well as work and school related issues.
Ewa Nevler is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 18 years of clinical experience in family services agencies. Ewa has significant experience and training working with children, adolescents, adults as well as geriatric population. Ewa provides integrative services to offer guidance related to issues of parenting and co-parenting, anxiety and depression, grief and loss, marriage and relationship concerns, separation and divorce, life transitions, as well as work and school related issues.
(224) 808-4524 View (224) 808-4524
Photo of Aldona Marchese, Pre-Licensed Professional in Northbrook, IL
Aldona Marchese
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSEd, CAPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
As a Chicago Psychoanalytic Institute trained Child and Adolescent Psychotherapist, I provide a psychodynamic approach to help young individuals function more effectively in social, emotional, and academic domains, while empowering them to build confidence. I bring compassionate curiosity while encouraging individuals to open a window onto their life narrative.
As a Chicago Psychoanalytic Institute trained Child and Adolescent Psychotherapist, I provide a psychodynamic approach to help young individuals function more effectively in social, emotional, and academic domains, while empowering them to build confidence. I bring compassionate curiosity while encouraging individuals to open a window onto their life narrative.
(224) 571-9085 View (224) 571-9085
Photo of Bess Surmenkow, Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Bess Surmenkow
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in private practice, with offices in Northbrook, Chicago, and Schaumburg. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples consciously resolve the obstacles that keep them from reaching their full potential. I provide a safe, non-judgmental, compassionate space in which we can work collaboratively to explore the challenges you are facing. It is my goal to facilitate a supportive therapeutic relationship in which healing, insight and growth can take place.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in private practice, with offices in Northbrook, Chicago, and Schaumburg. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples consciously resolve the obstacles that keep them from reaching their full potential. I provide a safe, non-judgmental, compassionate space in which we can work collaboratively to explore the challenges you are facing. It is my goal to facilitate a supportive therapeutic relationship in which healing, insight and growth can take place.
(847) 380-2554 View (847) 380-2554
Photo of Nicole Summers, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Nicole Summers
Psychologist, Psy, D
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I specialize in neuropsychological and psychological assessment across the lifespan, with a focus in pediatric and adolescent health. I have several years of experience with identifying and clarifying various diagnoses including developmental delays, ADHD, learning disabilities, autism, impulse control issues, medical comorbidities, and mood disorders.
I specialize in neuropsychological and psychological assessment across the lifespan, with a focus in pediatric and adolescent health. I have several years of experience with identifying and clarifying various diagnoses including developmental delays, ADHD, learning disabilities, autism, impulse control issues, medical comorbidities, and mood disorders.
(872) 201-3134 View (872) 201-3134
Photo of Jennifer Welbel Lcpc, Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Jennifer Welbel Lcpc
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
At the North Suburban Center for Anxiety, I specialize in treating adults, young adults, adolescents, and children with anxiety, OCD, and depression. I recognize that anxiety can be overwhelming, scary, and isolating. However, it is also treatable! Using a skills based approach, I empower clients with the necessary tools to modify their irrational thoughts, confront their fears, and decrease their overall anxiety. I know that therapy (and, let's face it, life) can be difficult, so I take a compassionate, collaborative, and direct approach to teach clients to lean into the anxiety and step out of their comfort zone.
At the North Suburban Center for Anxiety, I specialize in treating adults, young adults, adolescents, and children with anxiety, OCD, and depression. I recognize that anxiety can be overwhelming, scary, and isolating. However, it is also treatable! Using a skills based approach, I empower clients with the necessary tools to modify their irrational thoughts, confront their fears, and decrease their overall anxiety. I know that therapy (and, let's face it, life) can be difficult, so I take a compassionate, collaborative, and direct approach to teach clients to lean into the anxiety and step out of their comfort zone.
(224) 803-3816 View (224) 803-3816
Photo of Center for Psychology & Wellness, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Center for Psychology & Wellness
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
We are a North Shore group of psychologists and counselors that are committed to providing quality therapeutic services for clients through the lifespan. We are licensed specialists who work with infants, toddlers, children, teens, adults, couples,and families. Services are provided in English and Polish. Each client will be listened to in a newly renovated office that promotes comfort and privacy. Individualized treatment is developed for each client to increase positive outcomes and success. We use evidence-based treatments that have been researched and found to reduce barriers that interfere with positive and healthy functioning.
We are a North Shore group of psychologists and counselors that are committed to providing quality therapeutic services for clients through the lifespan. We are licensed specialists who work with infants, toddlers, children, teens, adults, couples,and families. Services are provided in English and Polish. Each client will be listened to in a newly renovated office that promotes comfort and privacy. Individualized treatment is developed for each client to increase positive outcomes and success. We use evidence-based treatments that have been researched and found to reduce barriers that interfere with positive and healthy functioning.
(847) 603-4073 View (847) 603-4073
Photo of Dr. Princess Gabor, Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Dr. Princess Gabor
Counselor, EdD, LCPC , CCTP
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I hold a Doctorate Degree and a license as a Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC). I have extensive professional experience, training, & skill supporting children & adults with concerns including relationship & family conflict, trauma, autism, intellectual disabilities, behavior issues, ADHD, & parent coaching. I worked in residential, hospitals, private practice, & in-house counseling. I facilitated group & individual supervision, parenting education, couples, groups, family, & substance use therapy. I have taught counseling courses and developed training curriculum.
I hold a Doctorate Degree and a license as a Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC). I have extensive professional experience, training, & skill supporting children & adults with concerns including relationship & family conflict, trauma, autism, intellectual disabilities, behavior issues, ADHD, & parent coaching. I worked in residential, hospitals, private practice, & in-house counseling. I facilitated group & individual supervision, parenting education, couples, groups, family, & substance use therapy. I have taught counseling courses and developed training curriculum.
(224) 412-5378 View (224) 412-5378
Photo of Dr. Eitan D Schwarz in Northbrook, IL
Dr. Eitan D Schwarz
MD, DLFAPA, FAACAP
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I work with folks of all ages who may be reacting to stresses at work, school, or in relationships, or unhappy with depression, anxiety, ADHD, or trauma. A psychiatrist therapist is just that. Before the first visit, I will first send you medical and other questionnaires to bring with you so we can remain thorough and focused only on your needs. You can usually count on some relief and a clear plan when you leave. Most of my patients see a gradual lifting of symptoms within the first week or two and sustained improvement thereafter.
I work with folks of all ages who may be reacting to stresses at work, school, or in relationships, or unhappy with depression, anxiety, ADHD, or trauma. A psychiatrist therapist is just that. Before the first visit, I will first send you medical and other questionnaires to bring with you so we can remain thorough and focused only on your needs. You can usually count on some relief and a clear plan when you leave. Most of my patients see a gradual lifting of symptoms within the first week or two and sustained improvement thereafter.
(224) 970-3055 View (224) 970-3055
Photo of Franny Kaulentis, Pre-Licensed Professional in Northbrook, IL
Franny Kaulentis
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I know starting this process can be daunting and takes courage. I am here to support you and take things one step at a time. Trust, sensitivity, empowerment, and empathy are at the core of my practice so that each client may feel completely safe in their most challenging and vulnerable moments. I believe everyone has the ability to change and grow. I help clients learn healthy coping skills, restructure negative thinking, build confidence within themselves and their relationships, and feel empowered and balanced in their lives.
I know starting this process can be daunting and takes courage. I am here to support you and take things one step at a time. Trust, sensitivity, empowerment, and empathy are at the core of my practice so that each client may feel completely safe in their most challenging and vulnerable moments. I believe everyone has the ability to change and grow. I help clients learn healthy coping skills, restructure negative thinking, build confidence within themselves and their relationships, and feel empowered and balanced in their lives.
(847) 499-1523 View (847) 499-1523
Photo of Mitchell B Hoberman, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Mitchell B Hoberman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who enjoys working with children, teens, young adults, and their families. My experiences include having worked in community-based, private practice, and hospital (both inpatient/outpatient) settings. In therapy I mainly draw from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and mindfulness-based techniques. I believe that it is essential to take into consideration the unique qualities/needs of each client and family, and provide a supportive therapeutic environment to facilitate the discussion of their concerns.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who enjoys working with children, teens, young adults, and their families. My experiences include having worked in community-based, private practice, and hospital (both inpatient/outpatient) settings. In therapy I mainly draw from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and mindfulness-based techniques. I believe that it is essential to take into consideration the unique qualities/needs of each client and family, and provide a supportive therapeutic environment to facilitate the discussion of their concerns.
(847) 260-9564 View (847) 260-9564
Photo of James E. 'jed' Foster Jr., Marriage & Family Therapist in Northbrook, IL
James E. 'jed' Foster Jr.
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I am accepting new patients at Comprehensive Gastrointestinal Health (CGH) in Northbrook, IL, and in private practice in Missouri and Illinois via telehealth. At CGH, I practice gut-directed hypnotherapy for IBS, Esophageal disorders, and other disorders of the mind-gut axis. In private practice, I see individuals, couples, and families looking to improve their mental health and overall well-being.
I am accepting new patients at Comprehensive Gastrointestinal Health (CGH) in Northbrook, IL, and in private practice in Missouri and Illinois via telehealth. At CGH, I practice gut-directed hypnotherapy for IBS, Esophageal disorders, and other disorders of the mind-gut axis. In private practice, I see individuals, couples, and families looking to improve their mental health and overall well-being.
(224) 212-1054 View (224) 212-1054
Photo of Peter Ellew, Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Peter Ellew
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062  (Online Only)
Hi my name is Peter Ellew and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional counselor in the state of Illinois with over 20 years of experience. I specialize in individual and couples therapy in which I help the individual or individuals reach their desired goals.
Hi my name is Peter Ellew and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional counselor in the state of Illinois with over 20 years of experience. I specialize in individual and couples therapy in which I help the individual or individuals reach their desired goals.
(847) 558-7651 View (847) 558-7651
Photo of Paul Sanders, Psychologist in Northbrook, IL
Paul Sanders
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062  (Online Only)
I am effective with men and women, from their early 20's and beyond, who feel trapped in fears, emotional pain, and self-defeating patterns in work and relationships. Usually, when we are emotionally stuck, it is because of longstanding conflicts and problematic interaction patterns, often operating outside awareness. Sometimes we feel too ashamed or confused even to look at these parts of ourselves alone, and need the help of a careful and caring listener to help clarify our dilemmas and to help open more choices, more freedom in our lives.
I am effective with men and women, from their early 20's and beyond, who feel trapped in fears, emotional pain, and self-defeating patterns in work and relationships. Usually, when we are emotionally stuck, it is because of longstanding conflicts and problematic interaction patterns, often operating outside awareness. Sometimes we feel too ashamed or confused even to look at these parts of ourselves alone, and need the help of a careful and caring listener to help clarify our dilemmas and to help open more choices, more freedom in our lives.
(312) 380-0539 View (312) 380-0539
Photo of North Shore Family Services, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northbrook, IL
North Shore Family Services, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Northbrook, IL 60062
When you or your child/teen is struggling, you want strategies to combat challenges NOW. At North Shore Family Services, we empower kids, teens, and adults to learn tools, so they can succeed independently. Our goal is for children, teens, adults, parents, and couples to learn skills to be successful with school, peers, work, and family- long after therapy ends. We assist with IEP and 504 plans to help our children/teen clients succeed where they spend most of their day- out of their parents' sight. Parents are our partners in helping kids and teens learn life skills.
When you or your child/teen is struggling, you want strategies to combat challenges NOW. At North Shore Family Services, we empower kids, teens, and adults to learn tools, so they can succeed independently. Our goal is for children, teens, adults, parents, and couples to learn skills to be successful with school, peers, work, and family- long after therapy ends. We assist with IEP and 504 plans to help our children/teen clients succeed where they spend most of their day- out of their parents' sight. Parents are our partners in helping kids and teens learn life skills.
(224) 803-2468 x700 View (224) 803-2468 x700
Photo of Barbara Demetrius-Lallas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Northbrook, IL
Barbara Demetrius-Lallas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Northbrook, IL 60062
I have 20 years of experience with children, teens, young adults, and women. I am extremely empathetic, compassionate, understanding, and non-judgmental. I listen attentively in order to help you explore what is creating frustrations and difficulties in your life. More importantly, I try to understand your situation from different angles in order to find better options and solutions to live the life that you want. For younger children, I use a gentle approach often while playing games to work on issues in a non-threatening manner.
I have 20 years of experience with children, teens, young adults, and women. I am extremely empathetic, compassionate, understanding, and non-judgmental. I listen attentively in order to help you explore what is creating frustrations and difficulties in your life. More importantly, I try to understand your situation from different angles in order to find better options and solutions to live the life that you want. For younger children, I use a gentle approach often while playing games to work on issues in a non-threatening manner.
(847) 469-9647 x4 View (847) 469-9647 x4

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Northbrook, IL

500+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Northbrook, IL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
92% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
67% Stress
64% Grief

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
41% Aetna
35% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Northbrook, IL see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Northbrook?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.