Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Marta Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Marta Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60630
Not accepting new clients
Whether you are looking to make a change in your life or are seeking support due to a difficult loss, I believe the decision to seek professional support is an action of both courage and strength. As your therapist, I will listen carefully to you, with respect, openness, and patience, trusting you as the expert in your own life. I work with many individual adults surrounding professional challenges, transitions to new environments, and changes in life circumstances. I occasionally work with adult members of family groups who wish to engage in family therapy together.
Whether you are looking to make a change in your life or are seeking support due to a difficult loss, I believe the decision to seek professional support is an action of both courage and strength. As your therapist, I will listen carefully to you, with respect, openness, and patience, trusting you as the expert in your own life. I work with many individual adults surrounding professional challenges, transitions to new environments, and changes in life circumstances. I occasionally work with adult members of family groups who wish to engage in family therapy together.
(312) 626-7201 View (312) 626-7201
Photo of Bridget Cabrera-Stukel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Bridget Cabrera-Stukel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
By co-creating a warm and safe and therapeutic environment, I hope to facilitate a sense of self-empowerment and connectedness to both your emotional and physical selves. I view you as the expert of your own experiences, possessing innate resources for healing. By partnering your inherent capacity for growth with my therapeutic approach, you can expand your self-awareness, develop coping tools, and heal through difficult life events and/or trauma. As a queer & non-binary identifying clinician myself, I am also particularly impassioned about providing responsible care to LGBTQ+ adolescents and adults.
By co-creating a warm and safe and therapeutic environment, I hope to facilitate a sense of self-empowerment and connectedness to both your emotional and physical selves. I view you as the expert of your own experiences, possessing innate resources for healing. By partnering your inherent capacity for growth with my therapeutic approach, you can expand your self-awareness, develop coping tools, and heal through difficult life events and/or trauma. As a queer & non-binary identifying clinician myself, I am also particularly impassioned about providing responsible care to LGBTQ+ adolescents and adults.
(224) 505-2284 View (224) 505-2284
Photo of Jessica Cruz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jessica Cruz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622
I am a bicultural and bilingual therapist. I value building a genuine and therapeutic relationship with folks, which means I will individualize therapy so that it can be the most meaningful. I use a mindfulness and strengths-based approach in session. I strongly believe we all posses the skills and abilities to create our desired lifestyle and goals by rediscovering self-love, practicing self-compassion, creating healthy relationships and remembering we need to be accountable to ourselves.
I am a bicultural and bilingual therapist. I value building a genuine and therapeutic relationship with folks, which means I will individualize therapy so that it can be the most meaningful. I use a mindfulness and strengths-based approach in session. I strongly believe we all posses the skills and abilities to create our desired lifestyle and goals by rediscovering self-love, practicing self-compassion, creating healthy relationships and remembering we need to be accountable to ourselves.
(773) 693-2882 View (773) 693-2882
Photo of Loretta T. Sumerset-Young in Chicago, IL
Loretta T. Sumerset-Young
LCPC, EMDR, NCC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60616  (Online Only)
I am deeply committed to my clients, and work with people who are ready to dive in and engage. I partner with clients who allow me to be in a space with them as they focus on healing. There is not a specific list of client categories I work with--I embrace working with anyone who is willing to show up and be here, even if it can get uncomfortable sometimes. My experiences range from supporting clients who want to manage daily anxiety, have conditions like schizophrenia or dissociative disorders, or need adjunct support with medication.
I am deeply committed to my clients, and work with people who are ready to dive in and engage. I partner with clients who allow me to be in a space with them as they focus on healing. There is not a specific list of client categories I work with--I embrace working with anyone who is willing to show up and be here, even if it can get uncomfortable sometimes. My experiences range from supporting clients who want to manage daily anxiety, have conditions like schizophrenia or dissociative disorders, or need adjunct support with medication.
(773) 917-1849 View (773) 917-1849
Photo of Lindsay Warriner, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Lindsay Warriner
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, P-CST
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Sharing your story is both a powerful and vulnerable experience. Although at times uncomfortable, knowing yourself intimately is also your greatest strength in moving towards your desired self. That’s why beginning therapy with me starts with the formation of a compassionate relationship that respects your autonomy and voice. In recognition of your unique lived experience, I vow to appreciate and incorporate the ideas, practices, and values you bring into this space.
Sharing your story is both a powerful and vulnerable experience. Although at times uncomfortable, knowing yourself intimately is also your greatest strength in moving towards your desired self. That’s why beginning therapy with me starts with the formation of a compassionate relationship that respects your autonomy and voice. In recognition of your unique lived experience, I vow to appreciate and incorporate the ideas, practices, and values you bring into this space.
(773) 830-6637 View (773) 830-6637
Photo of Sara Bradley, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Sara Bradley
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
I work with adults of all ages, adolescents, and couples. My clinical experience includes working with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, life transitions, trauma, relationship concerns, and identity development. I’m especially interested in and passionate about helping my clients navigate the impact trauma can have on various facets of their life. Understanding these influences can help with developing awareness and skills to integrate our past, present and hopes for our future in an intentional and empowering way. I also enjoy working with couples to achieve better communication and connection.
I work with adults of all ages, adolescents, and couples. My clinical experience includes working with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, life transitions, trauma, relationship concerns, and identity development. I’m especially interested in and passionate about helping my clients navigate the impact trauma can have on various facets of their life. Understanding these influences can help with developing awareness and skills to integrate our past, present and hopes for our future in an intentional and empowering way. I also enjoy working with couples to achieve better communication and connection.
(312) 764-1838 View (312) 764-1838
Photo of Sylvia Muñoz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sylvia Muñoz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60661  (Online Only)
I believe we are all doing the best that we can given our life experiences and circumstances, while at the same time understanding the capacity we each possess to build and strengthen the skills needed to create the lives we want to live. I work to build genuine relationships with my clients and allow the relationship to be an avenue for change and growth. I have collaborated with clients experiencing complex trauma, depression, anxiety, panic disorder, life transitions, relationship difficulties, acculturative stress and more.
I believe we are all doing the best that we can given our life experiences and circumstances, while at the same time understanding the capacity we each possess to build and strengthen the skills needed to create the lives we want to live. I work to build genuine relationships with my clients and allow the relationship to be an avenue for change and growth. I have collaborated with clients experiencing complex trauma, depression, anxiety, panic disorder, life transitions, relationship difficulties, acculturative stress and more.
(312) 313-0904 View (312) 313-0904
Photo of Daniel Laluna, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Daniel Laluna
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
Dr. Daniel Laluna, Regional Clinical Director, is a licensed clinical psychologist, who has extensive experience and expertise providing neuropsychological/psychological testing, as well as therapy services for children, adolescents, and adults. He specializes in providing comprehensive testing evaluations (e. g. ADHD, Autism, IQ, Learning Disorders, Personality Disorders, Anxiety, Depression, Memory, and Pre-Surgical).
Dr. Daniel Laluna, Regional Clinical Director, is a licensed clinical psychologist, who has extensive experience and expertise providing neuropsychological/psychological testing, as well as therapy services for children, adolescents, and adults. He specializes in providing comprehensive testing evaluations (e. g. ADHD, Autism, IQ, Learning Disorders, Personality Disorders, Anxiety, Depression, Memory, and Pre-Surgical).
(872) 266-3719 View (872) 266-3719
Photo of Colleen Hawking, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Colleen Hawking
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
I believe clients are their own experts in life. I work collaboratively with them to increase self-awareness and understanding around thoughts, feelings, memories, and emotions in order to improve current and future functioning.
I believe clients are their own experts in life. I work collaboratively with them to increase self-awareness and understanding around thoughts, feelings, memories, and emotions in order to improve current and future functioning.
(773) 341-2877 View (773) 341-2877
Photo of Stephanie Seals: Trauma Therapy & EMDR Intensives, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Stephanie Seals: Trauma Therapy & EMDR Intensives
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RDDP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Not accepting new clients
You're probably seeking therapy because something needs to change, but you're not sure how to go about making the necessary shifts. Nothing you've tried up to this point has worked. Believe it or not, feeling better IS possible. Whether relationships are strained, day to day life feels overwhelming, or you aren't finding enjoyment in things that you used to, there is still hope. I believe that you have an innate wisdom available to guide you. I will help you access this wisdom with care and intention, so that you can unburden yourself of shame and worry and let your authentic self shine through.
You're probably seeking therapy because something needs to change, but you're not sure how to go about making the necessary shifts. Nothing you've tried up to this point has worked. Believe it or not, feeling better IS possible. Whether relationships are strained, day to day life feels overwhelming, or you aren't finding enjoyment in things that you used to, there is still hope. I believe that you have an innate wisdom available to guide you. I will help you access this wisdom with care and intention, so that you can unburden yourself of shame and worry and let your authentic self shine through.
(872) 205-3993 View (872) 205-3993
Photo of Zubia Siddiqui, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Zubia Siddiqui
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640  (Online Only)
My purpose is to do work to create change that is sustainable. A change that has space for complexity, reparation, and relating through difference. I have a plan, an offering, and a vision that I want to share with others to improve their quality of life. I want to help those that struggle with and question whether what they are doing matters. As a psychotherapist, the goal is for my clients to tap into their own power to create a positive change for themselves, while also helping to create a world that praises the uniqueness of each person and where humility and compassion are a given.
My purpose is to do work to create change that is sustainable. A change that has space for complexity, reparation, and relating through difference. I have a plan, an offering, and a vision that I want to share with others to improve their quality of life. I want to help those that struggle with and question whether what they are doing matters. As a psychotherapist, the goal is for my clients to tap into their own power to create a positive change for themselves, while also helping to create a world that praises the uniqueness of each person and where humility and compassion are a given.
(773) 729-6622 x528 View (773) 729-6622 x528
Photo of Nicole Joseph, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Nicole Joseph
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60653  (Online Only)
Life is a journey of all of our experiences. Learning to process and share your feelings within a safe space will allow room and opportunity to explore the uncertainties of life. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. It takes courage to seek out a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards a change. I am here to support & empower you in that journey.
Life is a journey of all of our experiences. Learning to process and share your feelings within a safe space will allow room and opportunity to explore the uncertainties of life. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. It takes courage to seek out a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards a change. I am here to support & empower you in that journey.
(773) 974-8737 View (773) 974-8737
Photo of Dr. Lynetta Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Dr. Lynetta Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60605  (Online Only)
I am excited to assist you on your journey toward total healing. The death of a loved one, job loss, and past trauma can diminish your ability to move forward. I will respectfully meet you where you are without judgment and provide you with a safe place to release your anger, frustration, and pain using Solution Focused modalities and other approaches to help you navigate this journey called life. I believe there is hope as long as there is breath, and I would love to work with you to strengthen your motivation to grow and increase your self-esteem.
I am excited to assist you on your journey toward total healing. The death of a loved one, job loss, and past trauma can diminish your ability to move forward. I will respectfully meet you where you are without judgment and provide you with a safe place to release your anger, frustration, and pain using Solution Focused modalities and other approaches to help you navigate this journey called life. I believe there is hope as long as there is breath, and I would love to work with you to strengthen your motivation to grow and increase your self-esteem.
(312) 586-1540 View (312) 586-1540
Photo of Yvette Gilliam in Chicago, IL
Yvette Gilliam
PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60628  (Online Only)
Emotional pain, confusion, mental and social disconnection is real. In short or full throttle, these can stifle your life cycle, entice family discord and chaos, and take smiles away for generations of persons involved. What you don't realize while spinning in dispare is that calm, relief, and peace is possible and is within you all the while. You don't have to do it alone. You can put your life back together, change it to be exactly how you want it to be, and get back to an enjoyable life as only you can uniquely create and understand.
Emotional pain, confusion, mental and social disconnection is real. In short or full throttle, these can stifle your life cycle, entice family discord and chaos, and take smiles away for generations of persons involved. What you don't realize while spinning in dispare is that calm, relief, and peace is possible and is within you all the while. You don't have to do it alone. You can put your life back together, change it to be exactly how you want it to be, and get back to an enjoyable life as only you can uniquely create and understand.
(312) 561-9691 View (312) 561-9691
Photo of Latreece Dickerson, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Latreece Dickerson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60643
I believe everyone is capable of change, especially when one feels empowered and supportive to reach one’s goals. I use various treatment modalities, such as, cognitive behavioral therapy, person-centered, and solution focused treatment to assist my patients to gain personal insight and bring about healthy changes. I work collaboratively with my patients and families to offer support, insight, and opportunities for change. I help my patients identify personal strengths and additional resources to aide in their mental health. Most of all, I provide a safe, nurturing, therapeutic environment for my patients.
I believe everyone is capable of change, especially when one feels empowered and supportive to reach one’s goals. I use various treatment modalities, such as, cognitive behavioral therapy, person-centered, and solution focused treatment to assist my patients to gain personal insight and bring about healthy changes. I work collaboratively with my patients and families to offer support, insight, and opportunities for change. I help my patients identify personal strengths and additional resources to aide in their mental health. Most of all, I provide a safe, nurturing, therapeutic environment for my patients.
(773) 825-3945 View (773) 825-3945
Photo of Jamie Albright, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Jamie Albright
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Making changes in our lives can feel impossible at times, even when our habits and thinking patterns no longer serve us. In the therapy room, I practice radical acceptance with the ups and downs of growth with humor, patience, and curiosity. Grounded in the DBT tradition, I prioritize nonjudgment and dialectical thinking: we can accept difficult realities and still lead a life worth living.
Making changes in our lives can feel impossible at times, even when our habits and thinking patterns no longer serve us. In the therapy room, I practice radical acceptance with the ups and downs of growth with humor, patience, and curiosity. Grounded in the DBT tradition, I prioritize nonjudgment and dialectical thinking: we can accept difficult realities and still lead a life worth living.
View
Photo of Whitney Perdun, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Whitney Perdun
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Hello, I’m Whitney Perdun, a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and Board Certified Art Therapist working with individuals, families, and couples. I have eight years of experience specializing in anxiety, depression, self esteem, marital/pre-marital, and emotional disturbance issues. I use a mix of approaches including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Rational Emotive Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Narrative Therapy, Family Systems, Grief Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Play Therapy, Art Therapy, and Structural Planning. My goal is to help you build healthy relationships and find balance, understanding, peace, and safety.
Hello, I’m Whitney Perdun, a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and Board Certified Art Therapist working with individuals, families, and couples. I have eight years of experience specializing in anxiety, depression, self esteem, marital/pre-marital, and emotional disturbance issues. I use a mix of approaches including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Rational Emotive Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Narrative Therapy, Family Systems, Grief Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Play Therapy, Art Therapy, and Structural Planning. My goal is to help you build healthy relationships and find balance, understanding, peace, and safety.
(872) 713-5161 View (872) 713-5161
Photo of Melissa Meinen, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Melissa Meinen
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
It is an honor and a privilege to work alongside someone who is navigating life’s challenges. It takes courage to ask for support and seek therapy. Clients have shared my warm, grounded, and authentic approach help make the process more comfortable. I find we make the most progress in therapy with a non-judgmental, supportive relationship that can make the process feel safe. Within therapy, we will work together to help you reduce distress, understand barriers and patterns that are keeping you “stuck,” and discover ways of moving forward and living life more genuinely.
It is an honor and a privilege to work alongside someone who is navigating life’s challenges. It takes courage to ask for support and seek therapy. Clients have shared my warm, grounded, and authentic approach help make the process more comfortable. I find we make the most progress in therapy with a non-judgmental, supportive relationship that can make the process feel safe. Within therapy, we will work together to help you reduce distress, understand barriers and patterns that are keeping you “stuck,” and discover ways of moving forward and living life more genuinely.
(312) 766-5739 View (312) 766-5739
Photo of Nahime Guadalupe Aguirre Mtanous, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Nahime Guadalupe Aguirre Mtanous
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AM, LSW, ASDCS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
My work focuses on supporting the mental health of adults with various presentations of neurodiversity, like Autism, ADHD, Obsessive Compulsive, Traumatic Brain Injuries, Down's Syndrome, Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities. You might be looking for someone to help you work on "adulting." You may be dealing with the stress of becoming independent. You want to work through the anxiety and depression from living in a world that isn't built for people like us. We can work together on to figure out your values. You and I will create goals towards finding your own happiness and feeling powerful.
My work focuses on supporting the mental health of adults with various presentations of neurodiversity, like Autism, ADHD, Obsessive Compulsive, Traumatic Brain Injuries, Down's Syndrome, Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities. You might be looking for someone to help you work on "adulting." You may be dealing with the stress of becoming independent. You want to work through the anxiety and depression from living in a world that isn't built for people like us. We can work together on to figure out your values. You and I will create goals towards finding your own happiness and feeling powerful.
(872) 240-5805 View (872) 240-5805
Photo of Patrick Gehrlich LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Patrick Gehrlich LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I am a strong believer that with the aid of a trusting, warm, skillful and open minded therapist people can bring about real, positive changes to their lives. I work with my clients in an empathetic and open dialogue to not only find the root causes of current behaviors and thinking patterns but also to help change them. I do so understanding that each individual is the expert on themselves so the entire process is collaborative.
I am a strong believer that with the aid of a trusting, warm, skillful and open minded therapist people can bring about real, positive changes to their lives. I work with my clients in an empathetic and open dialogue to not only find the root causes of current behaviors and thinking patterns but also to help change them. I do so understanding that each individual is the expert on themselves so the entire process is collaborative.
(312) 564-5821 View (312) 564-5821

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.