Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Alana Rae Liggett, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Alana Rae Liggett
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60603
Each person I have the honor of working with allows me into their life in a unique way that I value and consistently strive to gain greater humility from. I think that being Seen & Heard without judgement, and feeling truly cared for, is essential for therapy to be healing. That is why I prioritize the establishment of a safe, affirming, and honestly inclusive space for exploring the psyche through the lens in which you view your sense of Self and lived experiences. From here, it is my intention to walk alongside you on a journey of continually discovering what being authentic in this expression of self means to you.
Each person I have the honor of working with allows me into their life in a unique way that I value and consistently strive to gain greater humility from. I think that being Seen & Heard without judgement, and feeling truly cared for, is essential for therapy to be healing. That is why I prioritize the establishment of a safe, affirming, and honestly inclusive space for exploring the psyche through the lens in which you view your sense of Self and lived experiences. From here, it is my intention to walk alongside you on a journey of continually discovering what being authentic in this expression of self means to you.
(773) 839-6835 View (773) 839-6835
Photo of Amalia Salmerón, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Amalia Salmerón
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
I’m happy you’re here! I believe that healing takes place in relationship. My therapeutic approach is reflective, humanist, and conversational. I work through Relational-Cultural, Feminist and Person-Centered theoretical frameworks. We will be working together to create a space of healing that is non-judgmental and grounded in self-directive, goal-oriented, and strengths-based work. There is not a one-size-fits-all approach to the therapeutic relationship, so our work together will be tailored to best address your needs.
I’m happy you’re here! I believe that healing takes place in relationship. My therapeutic approach is reflective, humanist, and conversational. I work through Relational-Cultural, Feminist and Person-Centered theoretical frameworks. We will be working together to create a space of healing that is non-judgmental and grounded in self-directive, goal-oriented, and strengths-based work. There is not a one-size-fits-all approach to the therapeutic relationship, so our work together will be tailored to best address your needs.
(872) 219-1795 View (872) 219-1795
Photo of Sushma Cheturvedula, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Sushma Cheturvedula
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60629  (Online Only)
There comes a time in each of our lives where we feel inadequate, anxious, depressed, heartbroken, lonely, confused, and in need of a helping hand. If your ultimate goal is to strengthen your emotional wellbeing, find peace with your past, and live the life you always wanted, you have found the right Therapist. Whatever is overwhelming you today, whether it’s a tough breakup, grief, abuse, work related stress, relationship issues, past trauma, or simply finding the motivation to get out of bed and have a productive day, help is a phone call away. My role is to listen, empower growth, and help you become the best version of yourself.
There comes a time in each of our lives where we feel inadequate, anxious, depressed, heartbroken, lonely, confused, and in need of a helping hand. If your ultimate goal is to strengthen your emotional wellbeing, find peace with your past, and live the life you always wanted, you have found the right Therapist. Whatever is overwhelming you today, whether it’s a tough breakup, grief, abuse, work related stress, relationship issues, past trauma, or simply finding the motivation to get out of bed and have a productive day, help is a phone call away. My role is to listen, empower growth, and help you become the best version of yourself.
(773) 915-0573 View (773) 915-0573
Photo of Dr. Diane Herbstman Welbel, Psy.D., Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Dr. Diane Herbstman Welbel, Psy.D.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
I am committed to helping others choose to live a full life. I believe that psychotherapy can be a powerful tool toward reaching this goal, by creating the insight to grow, the space to heal, and the courage and self-reliance to foster change. This process begins with a safe and trusting therapist-client relationship. We will discuss what is important to you and collaborate to set goals for our work. Together, we will talk through your struggles, identifying sources of distress, discovering inner strength and resilience and developing strategies to cope with and improve your life.
I am committed to helping others choose to live a full life. I believe that psychotherapy can be a powerful tool toward reaching this goal, by creating the insight to grow, the space to heal, and the courage and self-reliance to foster change. This process begins with a safe and trusting therapist-client relationship. We will discuss what is important to you and collaborate to set goals for our work. Together, we will talk through your struggles, identifying sources of distress, discovering inner strength and resilience and developing strategies to cope with and improve your life.
(847) 558-6934 View (847) 558-6934
Photo of David Gish, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
David Gish
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
Feeling anxious, stressed or depressed? Many people are overwhelmed these days. There is help.
Feeling anxious, stressed or depressed? Many people are overwhelmed these days. There is help.
(312) 818-4473 View (312) 818-4473
Photo of Ashley Knight, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Ashley Knight
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
I am a therapist who recognizes that no problem or issue is too big or small to be addressed, and I understand that therapy should feel like a safe, non-judgmental space for clients. I work with late adolescents to middle adult clients who are dealing with depression, anxiety, adjustment, relationship, and life transition issues. I strive to meet clients where they are so they can aim to reach their full potential and goals .
I am a therapist who recognizes that no problem or issue is too big or small to be addressed, and I understand that therapy should feel like a safe, non-judgmental space for clients. I work with late adolescents to middle adult clients who are dealing with depression, anxiety, adjustment, relationship, and life transition issues. I strive to meet clients where they are so they can aim to reach their full potential and goals .
(312) 257-3489 View (312) 257-3489
Photo of Jenny Sitzer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jenny Sitzer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60660  (Online Only)
My name is Jenny, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois and Florida. I provide individual therapy to adults and have extensive experience in teletherapy. I know it can be difficult to reach out for help, especially for the first time. That’s why building a trusting connection is always my top priority. People who know me best describe me as warm, down-to-earth, and open. My goal is to create a space where people can share all aspects of themselves without fear of judgment.
My name is Jenny, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois and Florida. I provide individual therapy to adults and have extensive experience in teletherapy. I know it can be difficult to reach out for help, especially for the first time. That’s why building a trusting connection is always my top priority. People who know me best describe me as warm, down-to-earth, and open. My goal is to create a space where people can share all aspects of themselves without fear of judgment.
(773) 832-5322 View (773) 832-5322
Photo of Felicia Muhammad, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Felicia Muhammad
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60636  (Online Only)
My professional background includes working with a wide variety of clients ranging from children to older adults. I have provided mental health counseling including individual, group and family therapy. I have worked with a broad range of presenting issues including anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, adjustment difficulties, grief and loss, relationship problems, family conflict, mood disorders, personality disorders, psychosis, thinking disorders, codependency, domestic violence, self-esteem, women’s issues, spirituality, chronic illness, chronic pain, dual diagnosis, and addictions.
My professional background includes working with a wide variety of clients ranging from children to older adults. I have provided mental health counseling including individual, group and family therapy. I have worked with a broad range of presenting issues including anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, adjustment difficulties, grief and loss, relationship problems, family conflict, mood disorders, personality disorders, psychosis, thinking disorders, codependency, domestic violence, self-esteem, women’s issues, spirituality, chronic illness, chronic pain, dual diagnosis, and addictions.
(773) 825-3667 View (773) 825-3667
Photo of Christopher Allen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Christopher Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
Christopher Allen is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2020. Christopher completed his undergraduate degree in Psychology at Purdue University and his Master's degree from the Indiana University School of Social Work at IUPUI. He has experience working with a variety of populations including individuals spanning from teens to geriatric patients, substance use disorders, college students, couples, and older adults. Christopher has worked in a variety of environments including private practice, inpatient, outpatient clinic, schools, and community-based treatments.
Christopher Allen is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2020. Christopher completed his undergraduate degree in Psychology at Purdue University and his Master's degree from the Indiana University School of Social Work at IUPUI. He has experience working with a variety of populations including individuals spanning from teens to geriatric patients, substance use disorders, college students, couples, and older adults. Christopher has worked in a variety of environments including private practice, inpatient, outpatient clinic, schools, and community-based treatments.
(872) 231-0604 View (872) 231-0604
Photo of Anancia Stafford, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Anancia Stafford
Counselor, EdD, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60637
Not accepting new clients
I am a firm believer that seeking wellness is the first step in gaining control over your life and achieving your goals. I serve as a passenger alongside clients in their journey and we collaborate on ways to address concerns and ways to improve and grow. I embrace diversity of all kinds and believe that our unique differences are what makes the world interesting and vibrant.
I am a firm believer that seeking wellness is the first step in gaining control over your life and achieving your goals. I serve as a passenger alongside clients in their journey and we collaborate on ways to address concerns and ways to improve and grow. I embrace diversity of all kinds and believe that our unique differences are what makes the world interesting and vibrant.
(773) 207-1056 View (773) 207-1056
Photo of Johanna Melgoza, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Johanna Melgoza
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, CRC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
In such busy times you may be feeling tired of doing things for everyone else or doing what others want you to do. Possibly tiptoeing around everyone's feelings and ignoring your own. Maybe you grew up fast, taking care of other's needs long before you were old enough to take care of yourself. You could be reaching your limit or know it can’t go on this way. Putting everyone else first can lead to feeling exhausted, overburdened, or taken for granted. You don't have to do it on your own to have more peaceful and happy life. I learned at a young age we can overcome difficulties when we have someone to listen with care and concern.
In such busy times you may be feeling tired of doing things for everyone else or doing what others want you to do. Possibly tiptoeing around everyone's feelings and ignoring your own. Maybe you grew up fast, taking care of other's needs long before you were old enough to take care of yourself. You could be reaching your limit or know it can’t go on this way. Putting everyone else first can lead to feeling exhausted, overburdened, or taken for granted. You don't have to do it on your own to have more peaceful and happy life. I learned at a young age we can overcome difficulties when we have someone to listen with care and concern.
(312) 779-1153 View (312) 779-1153
Photo of Katie Magrino, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Katie Magrino
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60611
Hello there! I would love to hear from you about what's going on, and I think I can help. I am a licensed clinical professional counselor specializing in child, adolescent, adult, family, and couples psychotherapy. I provide treatment for psychological and emotional issues using an integrative Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) approach combined with a psychodynamic perspective. During crisis, it is important for my clients to have the skills to gracefully endure their suffering (the DBT component)--all the while keeping in mind the harder to see big picture where deeper issues occur at an unconscious level (the psychodynamic component).
Hello there! I would love to hear from you about what's going on, and I think I can help. I am a licensed clinical professional counselor specializing in child, adolescent, adult, family, and couples psychotherapy. I provide treatment for psychological and emotional issues using an integrative Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) approach combined with a psychodynamic perspective. During crisis, it is important for my clients to have the skills to gracefully endure their suffering (the DBT component)--all the while keeping in mind the harder to see big picture where deeper issues occur at an unconscious level (the psychodynamic component).
(773) 236-7921 View (773) 236-7921
Photo of John P Harris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
John P Harris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
I specialize in treating men who were sexually abused as children, the treatment of sexual addictions, couples therapy, relationship issues, depression and anxiety. If you are unhappy in your relationships or career, suffering from depression or anxiety, going through a crisis, or wanting to make changes in your life, psychotherapy can help you. Please visit my website at wwwjohnpharris.com.
I specialize in treating men who were sexually abused as children, the treatment of sexual addictions, couples therapy, relationship issues, depression and anxiety. If you are unhappy in your relationships or career, suffering from depression or anxiety, going through a crisis, or wanting to make changes in your life, psychotherapy can help you. Please visit my website at wwwjohnpharris.com.
(773) 747-6150 View (773) 747-6150
Photo of NorthStar Educational Advocates in Chicago, IL
NorthStar Educational Advocates
EdS, NCSP
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60622
Meet Pamela Star, Ed.S, NCSP: Over a decade of experience in public and private education inspired Pamela to become an advocate to empower parents to secure the education their child deserves. You don't have to navigate this alone! Services offered: Psychoeducational Evaluations, Educational Records Review, IEP/504 Meeting Prep and Attendance, Classroom Observations, Program Placement Consultation, Social Skills Groups, Executive Functioning Coaching, Girl Empowerment and Self-Esteem Groups.
Meet Pamela Star, Ed.S, NCSP: Over a decade of experience in public and private education inspired Pamela to become an advocate to empower parents to secure the education their child deserves. You don't have to navigate this alone! Services offered: Psychoeducational Evaluations, Educational Records Review, IEP/504 Meeting Prep and Attendance, Classroom Observations, Program Placement Consultation, Social Skills Groups, Executive Functioning Coaching, Girl Empowerment and Self-Esteem Groups.
(773) 570-1217 View (773) 570-1217
Photo of Alix Sherman, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Alix Sherman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
Not accepting new clients
I work with a wide variety of clients, from life transitions to addiction disorders and trauma, and help individuals to better articulate and understand their problems. At times this requires a deeper understanding of one's past but it also does not preclude the sense of urgency to approach issues form a more solution focused approach, so that change occurs. I am particularly interested in anxiety issues and how to help individuals with a more mindful approach to their symptoms, so that they are not repeating old habits and getting stuck in familiar negative situations.
I work with a wide variety of clients, from life transitions to addiction disorders and trauma, and help individuals to better articulate and understand their problems. At times this requires a deeper understanding of one's past but it also does not preclude the sense of urgency to approach issues form a more solution focused approach, so that change occurs. I am particularly interested in anxiety issues and how to help individuals with a more mindful approach to their symptoms, so that they are not repeating old habits and getting stuck in familiar negative situations.
(312) 313-3234 View (312) 313-3234
Photo of Hannah O'Connor, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Hannah O'Connor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602  (Online Only)
I provide clinical therapeutic services to individuals, couples and families. I am warm, compassionate and eager to partner with clients. I use a strengths-based approach and believe in the power of therapeutic relationships. My goal is to listen and understand clients and help them learn appropriate coping skills that can help them outside of the therapy session. I understand the courage it takes to ask for help.
I provide clinical therapeutic services to individuals, couples and families. I am warm, compassionate and eager to partner with clients. I use a strengths-based approach and believe in the power of therapeutic relationships. My goal is to listen and understand clients and help them learn appropriate coping skills that can help them outside of the therapy session. I understand the courage it takes to ask for help.
(312) 764-1410 View (312) 764-1410
Photo of Rose Metivier, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rose Metivier
Counselor, LCPC, NCC, DBT-C, CAMS-II
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601
With almost 20 years of experience in providing individual and group therapy, I have had the privilege of helping a diverse range of clients with issues such as depression, anxiety, addiction, trauma, grief/loss, anger management, young adult issues, women's issues, mood disorders, self-injury, identity, life changes/transitions, relationship difficulties, work/life balance, and empowerment. My approach is centered on DBT, Compassion-Focused Therapy, EMDR, and Mindfulness practices. These tools, combined with a collaborative, transparent, and humor-infused approach, create an environment that promotes insight and positive change.
With almost 20 years of experience in providing individual and group therapy, I have had the privilege of helping a diverse range of clients with issues such as depression, anxiety, addiction, trauma, grief/loss, anger management, young adult issues, women's issues, mood disorders, self-injury, identity, life changes/transitions, relationship difficulties, work/life balance, and empowerment. My approach is centered on DBT, Compassion-Focused Therapy, EMDR, and Mindfulness practices. These tools, combined with a collaborative, transparent, and humor-infused approach, create an environment that promotes insight and positive change.
(312) 548-6354 View (312) 548-6354
Photo of Michelle Robinson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Michelle Robinson
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60606  (Online Only)
I am passionate about assisting others as they draw meaning in their lives and seek to establish relational support when faced with adversity. Oftentimes it is difficult to connect from the inside out and from the outside in when we are hurting. Many individuals are longing for someone to hear, care, and validate their feelings. I have worked with diverse populations with a myriad of mental health challenges, and have come to an understanding that hurt and pain knows no race, creed, or ethnicity; we all share in these throughout our lifetime.
I am passionate about assisting others as they draw meaning in their lives and seek to establish relational support when faced with adversity. Oftentimes it is difficult to connect from the inside out and from the outside in when we are hurting. Many individuals are longing for someone to hear, care, and validate their feelings. I have worked with diverse populations with a myriad of mental health challenges, and have come to an understanding that hurt and pain knows no race, creed, or ethnicity; we all share in these throughout our lifetime.
(708) 501-6149 View (708) 501-6149
Photo of Kirk Johnson, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kirk Johnson
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
You are stressed with your personal life, relationships, or work and feel like you haven't tapped into your true potential. My name is Kirk Johnson and I'm a Licensed Counselor/Therapist. My clients typically start therapy to improve their stress/anxiety management, interpersonal relationships, identity exploration, self-confidence, and trauma response. Often times, clients need to go deeper to find meaning in their past and present experiences and the narratives they tell themselves. These crucial conversations can help stabilize big feelings, and build inner strength.
You are stressed with your personal life, relationships, or work and feel like you haven't tapped into your true potential. My name is Kirk Johnson and I'm a Licensed Counselor/Therapist. My clients typically start therapy to improve their stress/anxiety management, interpersonal relationships, identity exploration, self-confidence, and trauma response. Often times, clients need to go deeper to find meaning in their past and present experiences and the narratives they tell themselves. These crucial conversations can help stabilize big feelings, and build inner strength.
(773) 207-3895 View (773) 207-3895
Photo of Stacy L. Clark, Ph.D., LLC, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Stacy L. Clark, Ph.D., LLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
Taking the first step towards change can feel overwhelming and I recognize the courage it takes to start the journey towards healing. I believe the therapeutic relationship with my clients has an impact on facilitating growth so I strive to create a supportive environment that assists them in navigating decisions that can keep them feeling stuck. I listen intently and seek to understand my clients so they feel cared for. My strength based approach allows me to highlight the sense of resilience that each client brings and I collaborate with clients to set goals and solve problems that lead to a healthier life.
Taking the first step towards change can feel overwhelming and I recognize the courage it takes to start the journey towards healing. I believe the therapeutic relationship with my clients has an impact on facilitating growth so I strive to create a supportive environment that assists them in navigating decisions that can keep them feeling stuck. I listen intently and seek to understand my clients so they feel cared for. My strength based approach allows me to highlight the sense of resilience that each client brings and I collaborate with clients to set goals and solve problems that lead to a healthier life.
(773) 263-0003 View (773) 263-0003

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.