Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Natalia Gurmendi, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Natalia Gurmendi
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Addressing mental health concerns isn’t easy. It can be nerve-wrecking and anxiety-provoking but it also takes a lot of courage to advocate for yourself. As a trained art therapist, my goal is to assist you in achieving emotional balance by providing you with the option of exploring therapy through a different lens. At times, we can lose sight of the options available when seeking support. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. When you can experience the ability to regulate and control your emotions, you’ll find yourself feeling empowered.
Addressing mental health concerns isn’t easy. It can be nerve-wrecking and anxiety-provoking but it also takes a lot of courage to advocate for yourself. As a trained art therapist, my goal is to assist you in achieving emotional balance by providing you with the option of exploring therapy through a different lens. At times, we can lose sight of the options available when seeking support. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. When you can experience the ability to regulate and control your emotions, you’ll find yourself feeling empowered.
(872) 276-8269 View (872) 276-8269
Photo of Susan Haarman, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Susan Haarman
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
So, you've already done the scariest part of this whole process, which is deciding that you want support and taking action. That takes incredible strength and humility, even if you may not feel that way right now. From here, it's my job to work together with you to find ways to channel that strength towards the goals you have and help reframe the way you're approaching challenges through support, humor, and compassion.
So, you've already done the scariest part of this whole process, which is deciding that you want support and taking action. That takes incredible strength and humility, even if you may not feel that way right now. From here, it's my job to work together with you to find ways to channel that strength towards the goals you have and help reframe the way you're approaching challenges through support, humor, and compassion.
(773) 207-3429 View (773) 207-3429
Photo of Mirsadies Raber-Dunning, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Chicago, IL
Mirsadies Raber-Dunning
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
As a clinical intern, I specialize in helping clients navigate sexual and intimacy concerns, societal pressures, identity development, parent/child relationships, and life transitions. I hope to provide a safe and welcoming space for self-exploration, particularly within the LGBTQIA+ and kink communities. In this environment, the focus is on inclusivity, understanding, and supporting diverse relationships. Ultimately, the goal is to empower clients to embrace their authentic selves, build healthier relationships, and pursue a path of fulfillment and growth.
As a clinical intern, I specialize in helping clients navigate sexual and intimacy concerns, societal pressures, identity development, parent/child relationships, and life transitions. I hope to provide a safe and welcoming space for self-exploration, particularly within the LGBTQIA+ and kink communities. In this environment, the focus is on inclusivity, understanding, and supporting diverse relationships. Ultimately, the goal is to empower clients to embrace their authentic selves, build healthier relationships, and pursue a path of fulfillment and growth.
(773) 974-3578 x535 View (773) 974-3578 x535
Photo of Julia Noobler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Julia Noobler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
Not accepting new clients
Therapy is a process of self-exploration and discovery; by engaging in a mutually respectful relationship you and I can create opportunities for understanding, growth, and answers. I believe in a collaborative, goal oriented approach to resolving and overcoming a variety of life stressors. We will work together to develop your insight into the way you form and engage in relationships, function in the face of pressure or other life distress, and prevail over intrusive thoughts or worries.
Therapy is a process of self-exploration and discovery; by engaging in a mutually respectful relationship you and I can create opportunities for understanding, growth, and answers. I believe in a collaborative, goal oriented approach to resolving and overcoming a variety of life stressors. We will work together to develop your insight into the way you form and engage in relationships, function in the face of pressure or other life distress, and prevail over intrusive thoughts or worries.
(312) 248-6105 View (312) 248-6105
Photo of Alesia Lacy, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Alesia Lacy
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60642  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome. Have you been thinking about starting therapy for a while but feel overwhelmed by the idea of where to start? At whatever pace you are comfortable I am here to help you identify and prioritize your issues to begin managing and/or resolving the problems that are holding you back from thriving as your best self. My goal is to provide a welcoming and non-judgmental platform to help you become your own catalyst for self-empowerment. My counseling style is a client-centered strength-based approach that includes various treatment modalities depending on the client's needs and expectations.
Hello and welcome. Have you been thinking about starting therapy for a while but feel overwhelmed by the idea of where to start? At whatever pace you are comfortable I am here to help you identify and prioritize your issues to begin managing and/or resolving the problems that are holding you back from thriving as your best self. My goal is to provide a welcoming and non-judgmental platform to help you become your own catalyst for self-empowerment. My counseling style is a client-centered strength-based approach that includes various treatment modalities depending on the client's needs and expectations.
(312) 779-1402 View (312) 779-1402
Photo of Candace Kulczycki, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Candace Kulczycki
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
I specialize in treating eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors, as well as related anxiety, stress, depression, body image, relationships, family dynamics, and self esteem concerns. I have experience treating eating disorders at the residential, partial hospitalization, and outpatient levels of care. If you are finding yourself or your child consumed with anxiety around eating, withdrawing from others, and/or preoccupied with body image, I have the experience to help you take control of these issues and reclaim happiness and peace.
I specialize in treating eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors, as well as related anxiety, stress, depression, body image, relationships, family dynamics, and self esteem concerns. I have experience treating eating disorders at the residential, partial hospitalization, and outpatient levels of care. If you are finding yourself or your child consumed with anxiety around eating, withdrawing from others, and/or preoccupied with body image, I have the experience to help you take control of these issues and reclaim happiness and peace.
(773) 904-1161 View (773) 904-1161
Photo of Victor Spatafora Psy. D., Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Victor Spatafora Psy. D.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60647
My counseling approach emphasizes how all individuals have the capabilities to live life authentically and with reduced stress. My goal is to help you utilize your strengths to achieve positive self-change and growth through the many transitions in life. I provide counseling for adults, couples, and older adults experiencing depression, low self esteem, anxiety, parental difficulties, relationship problems, substance abuse, anger, and stress related symptoms. I have training in teaching relaxation techniques and anger management skills including deep breathing and systematic desensitization.
My counseling approach emphasizes how all individuals have the capabilities to live life authentically and with reduced stress. My goal is to help you utilize your strengths to achieve positive self-change and growth through the many transitions in life. I provide counseling for adults, couples, and older adults experiencing depression, low self esteem, anxiety, parental difficulties, relationship problems, substance abuse, anger, and stress related symptoms. I have training in teaching relaxation techniques and anger management skills including deep breathing and systematic desensitization.
(773) 717-2945 View (773) 717-2945
Photo of Katya Shcherbakova, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Katya Shcherbakova
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60630  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping my clients thrive and embark on a path of personal growth. I enjoy working with adult clients who are ready to gain insight into their lives, behaviors, and patterns. I firmly believe in our capacity for self-healing, and through a collaborative approach, we can unlock powerful insights and achieve personal growth. My therapeutic style is direct yet warm and compassionate. I strive to create a safe and non-judgmental space where clients can begin their therapeutic journey. I am EMDR trained and have found this modality to be extremely helpful in moving clients out of a place of feeling stuck.
I am passionate about helping my clients thrive and embark on a path of personal growth. I enjoy working with adult clients who are ready to gain insight into their lives, behaviors, and patterns. I firmly believe in our capacity for self-healing, and through a collaborative approach, we can unlock powerful insights and achieve personal growth. My therapeutic style is direct yet warm and compassionate. I strive to create a safe and non-judgmental space where clients can begin their therapeutic journey. I am EMDR trained and have found this modality to be extremely helpful in moving clients out of a place of feeling stuck.
(708) 694-9947 View (708) 694-9947
Photo of Alex Baca, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Alex Baca
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Not Verified Not Verified
Chicago, IL 60642
Choosing to seek therapy in pursuit of personal betterment can be an intimidating venture, but at the same time can be an incredibly brave act of self-care. Whether you are seeking to explore your sense of self, navigate the complexities of interpersonal relationships, or to gain a deeper sense of the world around you, I am glad to be along for the journey. I am a gay identifying therapist who seeks to hold space for those within the LGBTQIA+ community, as shared experience and understanding can be the most therapeutic for those within the community.
Choosing to seek therapy in pursuit of personal betterment can be an intimidating venture, but at the same time can be an incredibly brave act of self-care. Whether you are seeking to explore your sense of self, navigate the complexities of interpersonal relationships, or to gain a deeper sense of the world around you, I am glad to be along for the journey. I am a gay identifying therapist who seeks to hold space for those within the LGBTQIA+ community, as shared experience and understanding can be the most therapeutic for those within the community.
(708) 742-7876 View (708) 742-7876
Photo of Chanel Sims, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Chanel Sims
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NBCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60605  (Online Only)
Are you seeking support on your journey towards a healthier mind and emotional well-being? Whether you’re a resilient 10-year-old navigating the challenges of growing up or a wise soul at 65 embracing life’s transitions, my therapeutic space is open to individuals of all ages.
Are you seeking support on your journey towards a healthier mind and emotional well-being? Whether you’re a resilient 10-year-old navigating the challenges of growing up or a wise soul at 65 embracing life’s transitions, my therapeutic space is open to individuals of all ages.
(708) 726-6655 View (708) 726-6655
Photo of Anastasia McRae, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Anastasia McRae
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MDiv, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615
You and I meet when you have a notion that you want to be different. For whatever reason, you have found yourself seeking change in behavior, perspective, or attitude. Whether you feel alone or are lonely; in need of a healing, reflective mirror to other possibilities of yourself; want more depth in your relationships with self and others; or are needing to explore options of how to view and be in the world, this is a path we can walk together. I work best with people wanting to access the wisdom of their whole selves, people who are willing to entertain the opportunity and challenge of being, here, now. That's when you and I meet.
You and I meet when you have a notion that you want to be different. For whatever reason, you have found yourself seeking change in behavior, perspective, or attitude. Whether you feel alone or are lonely; in need of a healing, reflective mirror to other possibilities of yourself; want more depth in your relationships with self and others; or are needing to explore options of how to view and be in the world, this is a path we can walk together. I work best with people wanting to access the wisdom of their whole selves, people who are willing to entertain the opportunity and challenge of being, here, now. That's when you and I meet.
(312) 219-9197 View (312) 219-9197
Photo of Carolyn Raitt, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Carolyn Raitt
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
To schedule a session, please book a call with our Client Care Coordinator here: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I am a queer-identified psychotherapist and have experience helping individuals with a wide variety of presenting issues, including depression, anxiety, and grief/loss. In addition, I specialize in working with eating and/or body image issues, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and adolescent & young adult life transitions & identity development.
To schedule a session, please book a call with our Client Care Coordinator here: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I am a queer-identified psychotherapist and have experience helping individuals with a wide variety of presenting issues, including depression, anxiety, and grief/loss. In addition, I specialize in working with eating and/or body image issues, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and adolescent & young adult life transitions & identity development.
(312) 262-3704 View (312) 262-3704
Photo of Carla Pate Dohrman, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Carla Pate Dohrman
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
Are you ready to reach your potential? Are you tired of being caught in repeating patterns? Would you benefit from supports and insight? I believe the best motivation to change comes from within and with support. Making changes is not an easy process. I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) with over 19 years of clinical experience working with adults and adolescents on issues related to depression, anxiety, traumatic experiences, relationships, emotion expression and other life challenges.
Are you ready to reach your potential? Are you tired of being caught in repeating patterns? Would you benefit from supports and insight? I believe the best motivation to change comes from within and with support. Making changes is not an easy process. I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) with over 19 years of clinical experience working with adults and adolescents on issues related to depression, anxiety, traumatic experiences, relationships, emotion expression and other life challenges.
(630) 349-4106 View (630) 349-4106
Photo of Barbara deRamona, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Barbara deRamona
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615  (Online Only)
Currently, I am seeing clients virtually or we are talking on the telephone. I know the decision to seek counseling is often a difficult one. These days with all the chaos and turmoil in the outer world our issues and concerns have become heightened. I have experience with a variety of issues including grief and loss, depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, self esteem, anger management, adoption and relationship patterns.
Currently, I am seeing clients virtually or we are talking on the telephone. I know the decision to seek counseling is often a difficult one. These days with all the chaos and turmoil in the outer world our issues and concerns have become heightened. I have experience with a variety of issues including grief and loss, depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, self esteem, anger management, adoption and relationship patterns.
(312) 697-1660 View (312) 697-1660
Photo of Dr. Sierrah Avant, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Dr. Sierrah Avant
Pre-Licensed Professional, Psy D
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611
Hi there! I have a Doctorate degree in Clinical Psychology and am a Post-Doctoral Fellow. I am in my 7th year of supervised clinical experience helping youth and families with various mental health concerns through various treatment modalities. Before joining a private group practice, I worked primarily in community mental health outpatient centers and schools. I have experience working with marginalized children, teens, and adults with various psychosocial concerns through various organizations. Additionally, I approach therapy from an integrative perspective, focusing primarily on cognitive-behavioral and client-centered therapy.
Hi there! I have a Doctorate degree in Clinical Psychology and am a Post-Doctoral Fellow. I am in my 7th year of supervised clinical experience helping youth and families with various mental health concerns through various treatment modalities. Before joining a private group practice, I worked primarily in community mental health outpatient centers and schools. I have experience working with marginalized children, teens, and adults with various psychosocial concerns through various organizations. Additionally, I approach therapy from an integrative perspective, focusing primarily on cognitive-behavioral and client-centered therapy.
(872) 259-7908 View (872) 259-7908
Photo of Dr. Alese Bennett, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Dr. Alese Bennett
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60660  (Online Only)
I am currently accepting new clients! Finding a therapist you trust can be difficult. I strive to ease this transition by creating a nonjudgmental, flexible, and supportive space for our sessions. My style combines sensitivity, compassion, and (occasionally) a sense of humor to help us navigate your challenges. I sincerely believe that meaningful change starts with meaningful relationships. As such, I aim to build a trusting alliance that fosters curiosity, growth, and resilience.
I am currently accepting new clients! Finding a therapist you trust can be difficult. I strive to ease this transition by creating a nonjudgmental, flexible, and supportive space for our sessions. My style combines sensitivity, compassion, and (occasionally) a sense of humor to help us navigate your challenges. I sincerely believe that meaningful change starts with meaningful relationships. As such, I aim to build a trusting alliance that fosters curiosity, growth, and resilience.
(773) 906-8337 View (773) 906-8337
Photo of Stephanie Kilper, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Stephanie Kilper
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, BC-DMT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
I will support you in building your body-mind connection to deepen your inner strength and capacity to confront the challenges life brings you. As a dance/movement therapist and licensed clinical professional counselor, I merge the felt experience with cognitive processing to support full integration in your healing process. We know that the body remembers all it has experienced. Let's give your body, brain, and heart the opportunity to work together to help you heal. I will support you in building the skills, insight, and ability to face the hard stuff and find your power, hope, and confidence to keep building a life you will love.
I will support you in building your body-mind connection to deepen your inner strength and capacity to confront the challenges life brings you. As a dance/movement therapist and licensed clinical professional counselor, I merge the felt experience with cognitive processing to support full integration in your healing process. We know that the body remembers all it has experienced. Let's give your body, brain, and heart the opportunity to work together to help you heal. I will support you in building the skills, insight, and ability to face the hard stuff and find your power, hope, and confidence to keep building a life you will love.
(630) 547-3456 View (630) 547-3456
Photo of Jessica Alfred, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jessica Alfred
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
Congratulations on making the brave decision to start therapy! Actively seeking support for yourself is important, and we don’t do it enough. When life becomes confusing and discouraging, turning to someone who wants to listen and help can make a significant difference. You are not alone in your travels. As a therapist, I guide adults through challenges and help them achieve internal peace and balance. I will help you work through obstacles in your journey, beginning with where you are while examining how the past has influenced your present. I apply a holistic, client-centered approach to therapy.
Congratulations on making the brave decision to start therapy! Actively seeking support for yourself is important, and we don’t do it enough. When life becomes confusing and discouraging, turning to someone who wants to listen and help can make a significant difference. You are not alone in your travels. As a therapist, I guide adults through challenges and help them achieve internal peace and balance. I will help you work through obstacles in your journey, beginning with where you are while examining how the past has influenced your present. I apply a holistic, client-centered approach to therapy.
(708) 726-0775 View (708) 726-0775
Photo of Eleanor Wolfe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Eleanor Wolfe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
Meet Eleanor Wolfe, a compassionate therapist dedicated to empowering individuals on their journey to mental well-being. With a profound focus on interactive, action-oriented therapy, Eleanor integrates methodologies such as CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, and Psychodynamic theory to provide a personalized approach tailored to your unique needs.
Meet Eleanor Wolfe, a compassionate therapist dedicated to empowering individuals on their journey to mental well-being. With a profound focus on interactive, action-oriented therapy, Eleanor integrates methodologies such as CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, and Psychodynamic theory to provide a personalized approach tailored to your unique needs.
(872) 814-6712 View (872) 814-6712
Photo of Rachel Sharp, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rachel Sharp
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60608  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Rachel. I graduated from Northwestern University in 2014 with a Masters in Counseling Psychology specializing in Child and Adolescent Psychology. I have been trained in EMDR, worked with trauma in the inner-city of Chicago and am very well versed in this department. I am LGBTQI affirming. My clients have said I have a warm presence. My therapeutic approach is client-centered- I use expressive/art therapy techniques, focus on internal family systems and parts work (essentially looking at oneself through a lens of functional parts, some more at the forefront than others). I offer free 15 min consultations.
Hi! I'm Rachel. I graduated from Northwestern University in 2014 with a Masters in Counseling Psychology specializing in Child and Adolescent Psychology. I have been trained in EMDR, worked with trauma in the inner-city of Chicago and am very well versed in this department. I am LGBTQI affirming. My clients have said I have a warm presence. My therapeutic approach is client-centered- I use expressive/art therapy techniques, focus on internal family systems and parts work (essentially looking at oneself through a lens of functional parts, some more at the forefront than others). I offer free 15 min consultations.
(773) 900-6731 View (773) 900-6731

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.