Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Rhonda L. Smith, Psychologist, PhD, NCSP
Rhonda L. Smith
Psychologist, PhD, NCSP
Online Only
I use a strength-based and acceptance approach, and I genuinely believe in a person’s ability to learn the skills and strategies needed to make positive change and growth in whatever areas a person would like. I provide therapy for adults, adolescents, children, and families experiencing challenges related to anxiety, depression, ADHD, learning difficulties, or other issues impacting them.
I use a strength-based and acceptance approach, and I genuinely believe in a person’s ability to learn the skills and strategies needed to make positive change and growth in whatever areas a person would like. I provide therapy for adults, adolescents, children, and families experiencing challenges related to anxiety, depression, ADHD, learning difficulties, or other issues impacting them.
(520) 331-1526 View (520) 331-1526
Photo of Kathleen 'k.c.' Conner, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CCTP
Kathleen 'k.c.' Conner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CCTP
Tucson, AZ 85716
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! In our sessions, we will collaboratively utilize trauma-informed approaches that interweave strengths-based, solution-focused, talk-therapy, and Internal Family Systems (IFS - Level 1 Trained) modalities. You will feel supported as you find solutions to make positive life change. People who benefit from working with me are interested in improving communication skills, working past negative patterns, and trauma to become their best selves. From a safe, nurturing place of mutual respect, I will work with you to identify ways to create the life you want - where your actions support your aspirations.
Welcome! In our sessions, we will collaboratively utilize trauma-informed approaches that interweave strengths-based, solution-focused, talk-therapy, and Internal Family Systems (IFS - Level 1 Trained) modalities. You will feel supported as you find solutions to make positive life change. People who benefit from working with me are interested in improving communication skills, working past negative patterns, and trauma to become their best selves. From a safe, nurturing place of mutual respect, I will work with you to identify ways to create the life you want - where your actions support your aspirations.
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Photo of Pamela Gonzalez, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Pamela Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85705
Mujer, you’ve been strong for everyone… but who supports you? On the outside, everything may look fine—but inside you feel overwhelmed, tired, or disconnected from yourself. You’ve spent years being the strong one—holding it all together for everyone else. Pero lately, it feels heavier. Harder. You might even be wondering, “Why can’t I handle things like I used to?” Between cultural expectations, family roles, and life, it can feel lonely. I see you, and you don’t have to carry this alone. This can be your space to breathe, feel supported, and begin to come back to yourself.
Mujer, you’ve been strong for everyone… but who supports you? On the outside, everything may look fine—but inside you feel overwhelmed, tired, or disconnected from yourself. You’ve spent years being the strong one—holding it all together for everyone else. Pero lately, it feels heavier. Harder. You might even be wondering, “Why can’t I handle things like I used to?” Between cultural expectations, family roles, and life, it can feel lonely. I see you, and you don’t have to carry this alone. This can be your space to breathe, feel supported, and begin to come back to yourself.
(520) 495-2293 View (520) 495-2293
Photo of Ezra E Smith, Psychologist, PhD
Ezra E Smith
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
You are not alone in this journey. Reaching out for help is a courageous act, and it’s the first step toward reclaiming your life. I’m here to guide you with empathy, deep understanding, and a commitment to your healing. As a licensed psychologist in Tucson, Arizona, I have dedicated my career to supporting individuals navigate depression, anxiety, and trauma. I offer a compassionate and safe space to explore your inner world.
You are not alone in this journey. Reaching out for help is a courageous act, and it’s the first step toward reclaiming your life. I’m here to guide you with empathy, deep understanding, and a commitment to your healing. As a licensed psychologist in Tucson, Arizona, I have dedicated my career to supporting individuals navigate depression, anxiety, and trauma. I offer a compassionate and safe space to explore your inner world.
(520) 779-5547 View (520) 779-5547
Photo of Elizabeth Macadangdang, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NBCC
Elizabeth Macadangdang
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NBCC
Tucson, AZ 85704
Hello. My name is Elizabeth Macadangdang, Licensed Professional Counselor. It takes courage and effort to identify challenging patterns or relationships in our lives. Perhaps you’d like to make changes in your life, but don’t know where to begin. I’m glad you’re here. I wholeheartedly believe personal healing and growth occurs when we feel safe, supported, and understood. My passion is helping others achieve their goals while walking alongside them utilizing an empathic, non-judgmental approach.
Hello. My name is Elizabeth Macadangdang, Licensed Professional Counselor. It takes courage and effort to identify challenging patterns or relationships in our lives. Perhaps you’d like to make changes in your life, but don’t know where to begin. I’m glad you’re here. I wholeheartedly believe personal healing and growth occurs when we feel safe, supported, and understood. My passion is helping others achieve their goals while walking alongside them utilizing an empathic, non-judgmental approach.
(520) 386-5672 View (520) 386-5672
Photo of Gretchen E Solof, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMT
Gretchen E Solof
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMT
5 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85747
Stress, anxiety, and unhealed trauma impacts our relationships, our jobs, our families, and even how we feel about ourselves. Chronic stress and unresolved trauma can impact our brains along with our nervous system. When this happens, we can feel as if we are stuck in our relationships & jobs or even trapped in our own lives. Fear & anxiety does not have to control your everyday thoughts and cultivating joy is possible! Choosing to get help is the first step towards healing yourself. I also offer clinical supervision for associate level therapists looking to gain hours towards their license at $125 per hour.
Stress, anxiety, and unhealed trauma impacts our relationships, our jobs, our families, and even how we feel about ourselves. Chronic stress and unresolved trauma can impact our brains along with our nervous system. When this happens, we can feel as if we are stuck in our relationships & jobs or even trapped in our own lives. Fear & anxiety does not have to control your everyday thoughts and cultivating joy is possible! Choosing to get help is the first step towards healing yourself. I also offer clinical supervision for associate level therapists looking to gain hours towards their license at $125 per hour.
(520) 231-7894 View (520) 231-7894
Photo of Tara Carmody, Counselor, MA, LAC
Tara Carmody
Counselor, MA, LAC
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85705
Welcome! My goal is to support you in developing insight, building resilience, and progressing towards the life you want to live. I strive to create a comfortable and trusting environment where personal growth can unfold naturally. My therapeutic approach is rooted in compassion, curiosity, and a deep respect for each person’s unique life experience. I primarily work from a person-centered perspective, creating a safe, supportive space where you will feel heard, understood, and accepted without judgment.
Welcome! My goal is to support you in developing insight, building resilience, and progressing towards the life you want to live. I strive to create a comfortable and trusting environment where personal growth can unfold naturally. My therapeutic approach is rooted in compassion, curiosity, and a deep respect for each person’s unique life experience. I primarily work from a person-centered perspective, creating a safe, supportive space where you will feel heard, understood, and accepted without judgment.
(520) 487-7101 View (520) 487-7101
Photo of Angela Daniels (Valenzuela), Art Therapist, ATR-BC, LIAC
Angela Daniels (Valenzuela)
Art Therapist, ATR-BC, LIAC
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85705
Art Therapy is a therapeutic technique which allows you to explore various issues through art-making that can sometimes be difficult to express through traditional talk therapy. ​ The process of creating art can foster healing, increase self-awareness, and provide personal empowerment. Art Therapy is a unique form of therapy that allows you to take an active and creative role in the treatment process. ​ No previous art experience is needed, as you don’t have to be good at art to benefit from art therapy. The focus is on the process of creating the art rather than the final image.
Art Therapy is a therapeutic technique which allows you to explore various issues through art-making that can sometimes be difficult to express through traditional talk therapy. ​ The process of creating art can foster healing, increase self-awareness, and provide personal empowerment. Art Therapy is a unique form of therapy that allows you to take an active and creative role in the treatment process. ​ No previous art experience is needed, as you don’t have to be good at art to benefit from art therapy. The focus is on the process of creating the art rather than the final image.
(520) 231-7148 View (520) 231-7148
Photo of Dr. Terri Barrios, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, CST
Dr. Terri Barrios
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, CST
5 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85741
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling angry, frustrated, or hopeless about things happening in your relationship, or just tired of feeling "stuck"? Have you or your partner had an affair and need help rebuilding trust? Do you have low sexual desire and not sure how to improve it? I can assist you in all of these areas to create the relationships that you desire.
Are you feeling angry, frustrated, or hopeless about things happening in your relationship, or just tired of feeling "stuck"? Have you or your partner had an affair and need help rebuilding trust? Do you have low sexual desire and not sure how to improve it? I can assist you in all of these areas to create the relationships that you desire.
(520) 729-2312 View (520) 729-2312
Photo of Sinead M Jackson - Sinead Jackson Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Sinead Jackson Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Tucson, AZ 85716
You no longer need to feel isolated or ashamed of your feelings. I have created a safe place for you to explore your concerns with empathic understanding and acceptance. I have specialized in anxiety, depression and relationship issues since 1982. Does your anxiety interfere with daily activities and relationships? We will explore the root of your issue and give you tools to help you calm down and be in control of them. Perhaps you force a smile on your face but inside are feeling despair or separated from others and your surroundings.Together we will get to the root of these issues so you can have healthy, fulfilling relationships.
You no longer need to feel isolated or ashamed of your feelings. I have created a safe place for you to explore your concerns with empathic understanding and acceptance. I have specialized in anxiety, depression and relationship issues since 1982. Does your anxiety interfere with daily activities and relationships? We will explore the root of your issue and give you tools to help you calm down and be in control of them. Perhaps you force a smile on your face but inside are feeling despair or separated from others and your surroundings.Together we will get to the root of these issues so you can have healthy, fulfilling relationships.
(520) 376-2323 View (520) 376-2323
Photo of Jackie Garcia, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jackie Garcia
Pre-Licensed Professional
Tucson, AZ 85741
Some of my clients arrive at their lowest point, overwhelmed, dysregulated, and unsure things can ever feel okay again. I work with young people ages 6–17 and adults navigating trauma, emotional crisis, and the kind of pain that's hard to put into words. But beneath every difficult behavior is a person who wants to be heard, to feel safe, and to believe that something better is possible. Their families want answers, reassurance, and a team that actually sees them. I bring consistency, compassion, and practical tools to every session, not just to get through the crisis, but to build something that holds up long after it passes.
Some of my clients arrive at their lowest point, overwhelmed, dysregulated, and unsure things can ever feel okay again. I work with young people ages 6–17 and adults navigating trauma, emotional crisis, and the kind of pain that's hard to put into words. But beneath every difficult behavior is a person who wants to be heard, to feel safe, and to believe that something better is possible. Their families want answers, reassurance, and a team that actually sees them. I bring consistency, compassion, and practical tools to every session, not just to get through the crisis, but to build something that holds up long after it passes.
(520) 375-2417 View (520) 375-2417
Photo of Sara Rae Pondeca, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Sara Rae Pondeca
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My focus is to provide quality psychotherapy and healthy lifestyle counseling for individuals who desire to improve the quality of their life. My therapeutic approach is holistic in nature stemming from the biopsychosocial model. This model emphasizes the interconnectedness between our physical body, psychological and environmental factors and how these factors interact and affect us as a whole person. I have nearly 20 years of experience in behavioral health. I obtained my Master’s degree in Clinical Health Psychology from Northern Arizona University.
My focus is to provide quality psychotherapy and healthy lifestyle counseling for individuals who desire to improve the quality of their life. My therapeutic approach is holistic in nature stemming from the biopsychosocial model. This model emphasizes the interconnectedness between our physical body, psychological and environmental factors and how these factors interact and affect us as a whole person. I have nearly 20 years of experience in behavioral health. I obtained my Master’s degree in Clinical Health Psychology from Northern Arizona University.
(520) 462-5759 View (520) 462-5759
Photo of Kristy Schutt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kristy Schutt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85719
You are feeling anxious as you face the next transition of life. The self-doubt is strong and you feel like you have lost your confidence to face the changes ahead. You keep it all inside, not wanting to burden others. It's hard to let others in to help. Through a collaborative partnership, I help men & women in middle to late adult years who are struggling with overwhelming stress due to a life transition, burnout, and anxiety to regain control of their life for good. Are you ready to feel more fulfilled and resilient? If this sounds like you and you are ready to connect more authentically to yourself and others, please reach out.
You are feeling anxious as you face the next transition of life. The self-doubt is strong and you feel like you have lost your confidence to face the changes ahead. You keep it all inside, not wanting to burden others. It's hard to let others in to help. Through a collaborative partnership, I help men & women in middle to late adult years who are struggling with overwhelming stress due to a life transition, burnout, and anxiety to regain control of their life for good. Are you ready to feel more fulfilled and resilient? If this sounds like you and you are ready to connect more authentically to yourself and others, please reach out.
(520) 595-3527 View (520) 595-3527
Photo of Sarah Stewart, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Sarah Stewart
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Tucson, AZ 85715
My ideal clients are young adults, adults, or couples navigating anxiety, depression, grief, or relationship struggles. They may feel stuck in communication patterns, overwhelmed by life transitions, or weighed down by loss. They want clarity, healing, and stronger connections with themselves and others. Their goal is to feel more grounded, confident, and empowered to build fulfilling relationships and a meaningful life.
My ideal clients are young adults, adults, or couples navigating anxiety, depression, grief, or relationship struggles. They may feel stuck in communication patterns, overwhelmed by life transitions, or weighed down by loss. They want clarity, healing, and stronger connections with themselves and others. Their goal is to feel more grounded, confident, and empowered to build fulfilling relationships and a meaningful life.
(520) 660-4956 x4183 View (520) 660-4956 x4183
Photo of Caitlin O'Hanlon, Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Caitlin O'Hanlon
Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85741
Taking the first steps to begin counseling can be hard, and searching for a counselor can be overwhelming. I am ready to walk with you through your counseling journey. I believe that everyone has their own strengths, and my goal is to help you discover ways to grow and build on those strengths. I will always work to create a safe and inclusive environment for anyone who comes in, as well as form an authentic and trusting relationship.
Taking the first steps to begin counseling can be hard, and searching for a counselor can be overwhelming. I am ready to walk with you through your counseling journey. I believe that everyone has their own strengths, and my goal is to help you discover ways to grow and build on those strengths. I will always work to create a safe and inclusive environment for anyone who comes in, as well as form an authentic and trusting relationship.
(520) 355-1516 View (520) 355-1516
Photo of Heather Brady, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Heather Brady
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Online Only
If you are feeling like fun just isn't fun anymore, activities are put off, you are unsure how to navigate life changes, I would like to walk the journey of change with you. If you are wanting ideas to reduce anxiety and/or sadness and make life a bit brighter, I can be there to help you. I am well versed helping individuals with depression, grief, anxiety, and life transitions. As a working professional, I understand the importance of appointment scheduling around work and other responsibilities, which is why I am here for you on most weekend mornings to afternoon.
If you are feeling like fun just isn't fun anymore, activities are put off, you are unsure how to navigate life changes, I would like to walk the journey of change with you. If you are wanting ideas to reduce anxiety and/or sadness and make life a bit brighter, I can be there to help you. I am well versed helping individuals with depression, grief, anxiety, and life transitions. As a working professional, I understand the importance of appointment scheduling around work and other responsibilities, which is why I am here for you on most weekend mornings to afternoon.
(520) 772-4217 View (520) 772-4217
Photo of Stephanie S Conlee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCTS-I
Stephanie S Conlee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCTS-I
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85742
I specialize in working with You who have experienced: Childhood trauma (to include sexual abuse), Family of Origin Dysfunction, Generational Trauma, Relational Trauma/intimate partner violence, Family/Relationship conflict, Marital Issues Other areas of specialty include: ADHD, Anxiety, Couples, LGBTQ, PTSD, Reproductive challenges, Self-esteem, Spirituality/Faith.
I specialize in working with You who have experienced: Childhood trauma (to include sexual abuse), Family of Origin Dysfunction, Generational Trauma, Relational Trauma/intimate partner violence, Family/Relationship conflict, Marital Issues Other areas of specialty include: ADHD, Anxiety, Couples, LGBTQ, PTSD, Reproductive challenges, Self-esteem, Spirituality/Faith.
(520) 650-3203 x712 View (520) 650-3203 x712
Photo of Jennifer J Spencer, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Jennifer J Spencer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85704
I am a licensed professional counselor looking to work with people who are wanting to make lasting changes for themselves, to better their relationships, enjoy life and make an overall life worth living. I work with you to meet your needs/goals by utilizing various evidence-based techniques such as DBT and ACT. If you are interested in approaching treatment through integrative techniques ( using nutritional strategies and other non-medication alternatives), this is also available as I am a Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional.
I am a licensed professional counselor looking to work with people who are wanting to make lasting changes for themselves, to better their relationships, enjoy life and make an overall life worth living. I work with you to meet your needs/goals by utilizing various evidence-based techniques such as DBT and ACT. If you are interested in approaching treatment through integrative techniques ( using nutritional strategies and other non-medication alternatives), this is also available as I am a Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional.
(520) 348-2149 View (520) 348-2149
Photo of Christine Heinisch, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Christine Heinisch
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85705
Are You Feeling Stuck? Sometimes the strategies and coping mechanisms that once protected you from pain or hardship can become the very things that hold you back. Over time, they may interfere with your well-being, your relationships, and your ability to connect with your community. When we’re caught in cycles of stress or trauma, it’s common to develop narratives rooted in blame—of others or of ourselves. But healing begins when we start to understand the deeper biological, psychological, and social factors at play. By recognizing that help is necessary I am able to assist  you in moving towards solutions .
Are You Feeling Stuck? Sometimes the strategies and coping mechanisms that once protected you from pain or hardship can become the very things that hold you back. Over time, they may interfere with your well-being, your relationships, and your ability to connect with your community. When we’re caught in cycles of stress or trauma, it’s common to develop narratives rooted in blame—of others or of ourselves. But healing begins when we start to understand the deeper biological, psychological, and social factors at play. By recognizing that help is necessary I am able to assist  you in moving towards solutions .
(520) 413-5873 View (520) 413-5873
Photo of Josette Kehl, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Josette Kehl
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Tucson, AZ 85741
Attachment focused therapy for adults, teen girls, and children. I can help with a wide array of mental health struggles with a special focus on relationship improvement, adoption and foster care, emotional regulation, and resilience. I am foundationally influenced by attachment theory and believe our early attachment relationships and experiences play a huge role in our current functioning and emotional stability. I weave together several counseling models and theories to provide you or your child unique counseling experience built on proven techniques that promote change. I offer Christian-based counseling, if requested.
Attachment focused therapy for adults, teen girls, and children. I can help with a wide array of mental health struggles with a special focus on relationship improvement, adoption and foster care, emotional regulation, and resilience. I am foundationally influenced by attachment theory and believe our early attachment relationships and experiences play a huge role in our current functioning and emotional stability. I weave together several counseling models and theories to provide you or your child unique counseling experience built on proven techniques that promote change. I offer Christian-based counseling, if requested.
(520) 608-6905 View (520) 608-6905

See more therapy options for Tucson

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
67% Stress
63% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
74% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.