Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Megan Addis, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Megan Addis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
My goal is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for you to explore the issues you find challenging in your life. I am supportive, non-judgmental, and client centered. I will help you navigate turning points, heal past hurts, identify your strengths, and gain the tools and confidence you need to experience satisfaction with your life. We will work together to make sense of the road blocks preventing you from being your authentic self, and you will learn coping skills to help manage new difficulties when they occur. Together we can turn your current situation into the life you want and deserve.
My goal is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for you to explore the issues you find challenging in your life. I am supportive, non-judgmental, and client centered. I will help you navigate turning points, heal past hurts, identify your strengths, and gain the tools and confidence you need to experience satisfaction with your life. We will work together to make sense of the road blocks preventing you from being your authentic self, and you will learn coping skills to help manage new difficulties when they occur. Together we can turn your current situation into the life you want and deserve.
(520) 447-3275 View (520) 447-3275
Photo of Nancy Clare Skocy, MC, LPC, SEP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nancy Clare Skocy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC, SEP
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
I enjoy working with individuals interested in healing relational or developmental trauma. I am certified as a somatic experiencing practitioner and as a psychodynamic psychotherapist. I am also trained in equine therapy and utilize horses in individual sessions when appropriate as an adjunct to deepening body awareness and developing joyful connections to living beings. I am focused on positive interactions and stabilizing internal resources in a safe environment. Increasing awareness of the external environment through the senses and noticing how this impacts body sensations begins a process of self development through observation. The person begins to individuate from the trauma.
I enjoy working with individuals interested in healing relational or developmental trauma. I am certified as a somatic experiencing practitioner and as a psychodynamic psychotherapist. I am also trained in equine therapy and utilize horses in individual sessions when appropriate as an adjunct to deepening body awareness and developing joyful connections to living beings. I am focused on positive interactions and stabilizing internal resources in a safe environment. Increasing awareness of the external environment through the senses and noticing how this impacts body sensations begins a process of self development through observation. The person begins to individuate from the trauma.
(520) 399-6305 View (520) 399-6305
Photo of Ashley Shulski, MSW, LCSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ashley Shulski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85747  (Online Only)
Currently open to seeing clients virtually only. Ashley is licensed in AZ and an approved telehealth provider in FL. Do you struggle with trusting others, expressing your emotions and needs to others, have fear or worry that gets in your way of enjoying life, or struggle with a healthy sense of self-worth? If so, you have found your way to me where I can partner with you to help you feel better, have improved self-esteem and trust, and love for yourself and others.
Currently open to seeing clients virtually only. Ashley is licensed in AZ and an approved telehealth provider in FL. Do you struggle with trusting others, expressing your emotions and needs to others, have fear or worry that gets in your way of enjoying life, or struggle with a healthy sense of self-worth? If so, you have found your way to me where I can partner with you to help you feel better, have improved self-esteem and trust, and love for yourself and others.
(520) 462-9157 View (520) 462-9157
Photo of Alexandra Goodrich, LAC, Counselor
Alexandra Goodrich
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85704
Are you stuck? Do you feel like you're living day by day? Maybe you're stuck in a relationship you're not sure about anymore or you're simply wanting to take your life in a different direction. Finding the right therapist can be an invaluable tool in your personal growth. I can help you explore the process to see if we are a good fit. My goal is to provide a space that is easy to be in, even when the healing gets tough. I will encourage and support you through your growth.
Are you stuck? Do you feel like you're living day by day? Maybe you're stuck in a relationship you're not sure about anymore or you're simply wanting to take your life in a different direction. Finding the right therapist can be an invaluable tool in your personal growth. I can help you explore the process to see if we are a good fit. My goal is to provide a space that is easy to be in, even when the healing gets tough. I will encourage and support you through your growth.
(520) 263-8231 View (520) 263-8231
Photo of Wendy A White - Wendy White, LCSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Wendy White, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
I work with patients dealing with depression, anxiety, grief, past trauma, relationships, communication and assertiveness issues. I have 20+ years EMDR therapy experience, guided imagery and relaxation techniques; I have a strong focus on mindfulness, present moment and increased self awareness as well as the cultivation self compassion.
I work with patients dealing with depression, anxiety, grief, past trauma, relationships, communication and assertiveness issues. I have 20+ years EMDR therapy experience, guided imagery and relaxation techniques; I have a strong focus on mindfulness, present moment and increased self awareness as well as the cultivation self compassion.
(520) 224-3926 View (520) 224-3926
Photo of Allyson Cushing, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allyson Cushing
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85701  (Online Only)
As the expert of yourself, I believe a collaborative, flexible process is essential to reach your goals. Therapy should be a safe space for open communication, allowing you to complete the necessary steps towards growth. I tailor my approach to meet your specific needs, creating a judgment free zone and a supportive team environment to foster positive change and growth within yourself.
As the expert of yourself, I believe a collaborative, flexible process is essential to reach your goals. Therapy should be a safe space for open communication, allowing you to complete the necessary steps towards growth. I tailor my approach to meet your specific needs, creating a judgment free zone and a supportive team environment to foster positive change and growth within yourself.
(520) 650-6484 View (520) 650-6484
Photo of Rachel DeLozier, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel DeLozier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
My clients want to manage symptoms related to trauma, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, relationship difficulties, grief and loss. They are looking for a nonjudgmental, supportive environment in which to begin their own healing as they learn more about themselves and their relationships. My clients are adults and adolescents, culturally and racially diverse, and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. I have experience working with Tucson’s refugee and immigrant communities, children & teens, US military veterans, unhoused individuals, and those in chronic pain.
My clients want to manage symptoms related to trauma, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, relationship difficulties, grief and loss. They are looking for a nonjudgmental, supportive environment in which to begin their own healing as they learn more about themselves and their relationships. My clients are adults and adolescents, culturally and racially diverse, and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. I have experience working with Tucson’s refugee and immigrant communities, children & teens, US military veterans, unhoused individuals, and those in chronic pain.
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Photo of Joyce Luna Zymeck, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Joyce Luna Zymeck
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
Are you feeling stressed, sad, in pain, anxious…or all of the above? Do you think you "should" feel happy, but you don't--and you're not sure why or what to do about it? Or maybe you're grieving a loss or a trauma & feeling lost yourself. No matter what you're facing, I'm here to help!! Since 2007, I've counseled diverse people from all walks of life. I use empathy, honesty, humor, & compassion in all my work. Combined with your innate wisdom & your courage in starting this process, we'll develop a safe, supportive therapeutic alliance that allows you to heal your past & live a happier, healthier, & brighter present & future.
Are you feeling stressed, sad, in pain, anxious…or all of the above? Do you think you "should" feel happy, but you don't--and you're not sure why or what to do about it? Or maybe you're grieving a loss or a trauma & feeling lost yourself. No matter what you're facing, I'm here to help!! Since 2007, I've counseled diverse people from all walks of life. I use empathy, honesty, humor, & compassion in all my work. Combined with your innate wisdom & your courage in starting this process, we'll develop a safe, supportive therapeutic alliance that allows you to heal your past & live a happier, healthier, & brighter present & future.
(520) 729-2140 View (520) 729-2140
Photo of Mary Kay Irving, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Kay Irving
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718
When you area ready to make big changes and get out of the rut you are stuck in, give me a call. I'm passionate about helping people move through and beyond their traumas, self defeating beliefs and habits to create the life and relationships they really want and deserve. Does any of this resonate? You sometimes feel like you are in the same old place, you know or suspect your past gets in the way of your happiness in the here and now. You know you're a good person and deserve better. You're intelligent and talented and now you are committed to creating a different and better life for yourself. Well, I'm here to help you.
When you area ready to make big changes and get out of the rut you are stuck in, give me a call. I'm passionate about helping people move through and beyond their traumas, self defeating beliefs and habits to create the life and relationships they really want and deserve. Does any of this resonate? You sometimes feel like you are in the same old place, you know or suspect your past gets in the way of your happiness in the here and now. You know you're a good person and deserve better. You're intelligent and talented and now you are committed to creating a different and better life for yourself. Well, I'm here to help you.
(520) 397-3332 View (520) 397-3332
Photo of Arianna Gray, MA, LPC, Counselor
Arianna Gray
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85719
Do you help others but feel stuck yourself? I work with people in the helping professions to restore delight and inspiration to their own life and work. The calling to be a professional helper is filled with challenges that can throw us off balance. While we support others, we still have our own dreams and concerns. We all need a safe place to step out of the role of "helper" and be real about what we're facing. Yet when we spend all our time supporting others, it can be hard to find someone appropriate for us to turn to.
Do you help others but feel stuck yourself? I work with people in the helping professions to restore delight and inspiration to their own life and work. The calling to be a professional helper is filled with challenges that can throw us off balance. While we support others, we still have our own dreams and concerns. We all need a safe place to step out of the role of "helper" and be real about what we're facing. Yet when we spend all our time supporting others, it can be hard to find someone appropriate for us to turn to.
(520) 413-2804 View (520) 413-2804
Photo of Laura S Soto - Innervision Counseling, MA, MC, LISAC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Innervision Counseling
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, MC, LISAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85711
As a therapist I define myself as an open, receptive, a good listener and sensitive to people’s needs. I have been a professional therapist for the last 22 years working with addictions; and other issues associated with this problem such as depression, anxiety, guilt, anger problems, trauma, issues with attention and hyperactivity, low self-esteem, etc. I work with young adults, adults, seniors and individual with disabilities from different cultures. I’m a bilingual therapist (Spanish/English) that enjoy working with individuals who are ready for a change and have the determination to move on with their lives.
As a therapist I define myself as an open, receptive, a good listener and sensitive to people’s needs. I have been a professional therapist for the last 22 years working with addictions; and other issues associated with this problem such as depression, anxiety, guilt, anger problems, trauma, issues with attention and hyperactivity, low self-esteem, etc. I work with young adults, adults, seniors and individual with disabilities from different cultures. I’m a bilingual therapist (Spanish/English) that enjoy working with individuals who are ready for a change and have the determination to move on with their lives.
(520) 436-7848 View (520) 436-7848
Photo of Toni Skater, MC, LPC, SEP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Toni Skater
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC, SEP
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
I am a Psychotherapist and Somatic Experiencing Practitioner and I believe we all have the ability to heal from trauma or other issues that are getting in the way of having the life we desire. Do you often feel stressed and overwhelmed or are you struggling with depression or anxiety? Do you find you are having difficulties in relationships or just don’t feel like yourself? If you are dealing with any of these issues, there is hope. Through traditional therapy or Somatic Experiencing you can make the changes needed to move forward and have a more fulfilling life!
I am a Psychotherapist and Somatic Experiencing Practitioner and I believe we all have the ability to heal from trauma or other issues that are getting in the way of having the life we desire. Do you often feel stressed and overwhelmed or are you struggling with depression or anxiety? Do you find you are having difficulties in relationships or just don’t feel like yourself? If you are dealing with any of these issues, there is hope. Through traditional therapy or Somatic Experiencing you can make the changes needed to move forward and have a more fulfilling life!
(520) 444-7830 View (520) 444-7830
Photo of Frances Holguin-Westfall, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Frances Holguin-Westfall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
In the journey of life filled with unexpected twists, I, as a licensed therapist, I help create a space where these surprises are met with compassion and support. My role is to guide you through both the beautiful and challenging moments, providing a professional and dignified atmosphere. Whether you're dealing with difficult circumstances, behavioral challenges, or seeking a fresh start, you don't have to face this path alone. I have 21 years of experience, a master's degree from Arizona State University, and licensed through the Arizona Board of Behavioral Health Examiners.
In the journey of life filled with unexpected twists, I, as a licensed therapist, I help create a space where these surprises are met with compassion and support. My role is to guide you through both the beautiful and challenging moments, providing a professional and dignified atmosphere. Whether you're dealing with difficult circumstances, behavioral challenges, or seeking a fresh start, you don't have to face this path alone. I have 21 years of experience, a master's degree from Arizona State University, and licensed through the Arizona Board of Behavioral Health Examiners.
(520) 779-4316 View (520) 779-4316
Photo of Bryan Crow, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Bryan Crow
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
Do you need a place to sort out your inner life? As a visual artist, meditator, and counselor I bring creativity, mindfulness, and compassion to each relationship. We will explore your multiplicity, I will use a combination of evidence-based practices to attend to the whole person for a holistic approach to help you move towards self-actualization. We will work in the here-and-now in order to develop skills or insights that will support and translate into your daily life. Together we will safely attend to challenging emotions, learn to self-regulate mood, and manage thoughts and behaviors to improve wellbeing and meaning.
Do you need a place to sort out your inner life? As a visual artist, meditator, and counselor I bring creativity, mindfulness, and compassion to each relationship. We will explore your multiplicity, I will use a combination of evidence-based practices to attend to the whole person for a holistic approach to help you move towards self-actualization. We will work in the here-and-now in order to develop skills or insights that will support and translate into your daily life. Together we will safely attend to challenging emotions, learn to self-regulate mood, and manage thoughts and behaviors to improve wellbeing and meaning.
(520) 341-2289 View (520) 341-2289
Photo of Kayla Miro, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kayla Miro
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
My ideal client is someone who feels emotionally dysregulated, has lost their sense of identity, and no longer finds joy in activities they once enjoyed. They may feel lost or be experiencing a significant life transition. These individuals are seeking to reconnect with themselves, discover their purpose, and live a meaningful life. They are eager to experience healthy emotions and foster positive connections and relationships. They are open to new possibilities and are willing to explore what a different, fulfilling life could look like. These clients are committed to healing from their trauma and continuing on a growth journey.
My ideal client is someone who feels emotionally dysregulated, has lost their sense of identity, and no longer finds joy in activities they once enjoyed. They may feel lost or be experiencing a significant life transition. These individuals are seeking to reconnect with themselves, discover their purpose, and live a meaningful life. They are eager to experience healthy emotions and foster positive connections and relationships. They are open to new possibilities and are willing to explore what a different, fulfilling life could look like. These clients are committed to healing from their trauma and continuing on a growth journey.
(520) 221-2859 View (520) 221-2859
Photo of Stephanie Neidermyer, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Stephanie Neidermyer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Welcome and thank you for looking at my profile. I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist and have been working in the field for over 20 years. I work primarily with adults in individual, couples and family therapy. I am also a Certified Sex Therapist and work with individuals and couples struggling with sexual dysfunction. Clients have found my systemic training and orientation to be particularly effective for couples and family therapy or when working on relationship and family of origin issues in individual therapy.
Welcome and thank you for looking at my profile. I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist and have been working in the field for over 20 years. I work primarily with adults in individual, couples and family therapy. I am also a Certified Sex Therapist and work with individuals and couples struggling with sexual dysfunction. Clients have found my systemic training and orientation to be particularly effective for couples and family therapy or when working on relationship and family of origin issues in individual therapy.
(520) 827-8204 View (520) 827-8204
Brian Slayne
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LISAC, BHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718
Not accepting new clients
I work with people to overcome struggles with substance addictions. Not currently accepting new clients.
I work with people to overcome struggles with substance addictions. Not currently accepting new clients.
Photo of Mary Burrows, MS, LAC, Counselor
Mary Burrows
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85719
I believe that all individuals have layers, just like an onion or our skin and a well-seasoned non-judgmental therapist can help to uncover these sometimes complicated layers. I enjoy creating a therapeutic environment where whatever your needs are you and I can carefully remove that band-aid to sometimes uncover the infection underneath and possibly your trauma. I am an accomplished and dedicated clinician with 35 years of clinical experience. I believe strongly in building a strong connection based on rapport with children, adults, couples and families.
I believe that all individuals have layers, just like an onion or our skin and a well-seasoned non-judgmental therapist can help to uncover these sometimes complicated layers. I enjoy creating a therapeutic environment where whatever your needs are you and I can carefully remove that band-aid to sometimes uncover the infection underneath and possibly your trauma. I am an accomplished and dedicated clinician with 35 years of clinical experience. I believe strongly in building a strong connection based on rapport with children, adults, couples and families.
(928) 767-6111 View (928) 767-6111
Photo of Jennifer Parish, MA, LAC, NCC, Counselor
Jennifer Parish
Counselor, MA, LAC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
I am deeply aware of the profound effects that stress, anxiety, and unresolved trauma can have on every aspect of our lives. They can weigh heavily on our relationships, careers, families, and self-worth; leaving us feeling trapped and unable to move forward. I believe that fear and anxiety do not have to dictate our daily thoughts and actions. Through my work, I am passionate about guiding clients towards a path of healing. If you're ready to take that first step towards a brighter tomorrow.
I am deeply aware of the profound effects that stress, anxiety, and unresolved trauma can have on every aspect of our lives. They can weigh heavily on our relationships, careers, families, and self-worth; leaving us feeling trapped and unable to move forward. I believe that fear and anxiety do not have to dictate our daily thoughts and actions. Through my work, I am passionate about guiding clients towards a path of healing. If you're ready to take that first step towards a brighter tomorrow.
(520) 224-9496 View (520) 224-9496
Photo of Julie Rimkus, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Julie Rimkus
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
Waitlist for new clients
"Your past is not your potential. In any hour, you can choose to liberate the future" -- Marilyn Ferguson. Hello and welcome to my somatic psychotherapy practice. Both personally and professionally, I have learned the value of incorporating all aspects of the self - thoughts, feelings and the physical body - when addressing the suffering of human beings. My approach to healing is focused on the different ways we experience our lives (including cognition, emotion, five-sense perception, movement and sensation).
"Your past is not your potential. In any hour, you can choose to liberate the future" -- Marilyn Ferguson. Hello and welcome to my somatic psychotherapy practice. Both personally and professionally, I have learned the value of incorporating all aspects of the self - thoughts, feelings and the physical body - when addressing the suffering of human beings. My approach to healing is focused on the different ways we experience our lives (including cognition, emotion, five-sense perception, movement and sensation).
(520) 441-3646 View (520) 441-3646
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
69% Stress
64% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
69% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.