Therapists in Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ

Photo of Adam L. Fried, Psychologist, PhD
Adam L. Fried
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Not accepting new clients
*NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME* Are you frequently stressed, frustrated and find yourself snapping at the people you love the most? Do you worry well into the night and feel your confidence lagging at work or school? Are you easily angered and find that your relationships are suffering? I help people who feel anxious, lost and overwhelmed understand where the feelings come from so they can implement practical strategies to feel less burdened and start feeling better. I work collaboratively with clients to identify goals and create a plan for change.
*NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME* Are you frequently stressed, frustrated and find yourself snapping at the people you love the most? Do you worry well into the night and feel your confidence lagging at work or school? Are you easily angered and find that your relationships are suffering? I help people who feel anxious, lost and overwhelmed understand where the feelings come from so they can implement practical strategies to feel less burdened and start feeling better. I work collaboratively with clients to identify goals and create a plan for change.
(480) 372-8476 View (480) 372-8476
Arlene Morris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, I'm Arlene, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 28 years of experience working with children, youth, and families, as well as individuals and families dealing with substance abuse disorders. Throughout my career, I've had the privilege of working in various settings, including inpatient programs, community-based programs, and agency-based programs. My experience extends to working with multicultural families and individuals, as well as within the LGBTQ community.
Hello, I'm Arlene, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 28 years of experience working with children, youth, and families, as well as individuals and families dealing with substance abuse disorders. Throughout my career, I've had the privilege of working in various settings, including inpatient programs, community-based programs, and agency-based programs. My experience extends to working with multicultural families and individuals, as well as within the LGBTQ community.
(602) 691-4714 View (602) 691-4714
Photo of Michael Fitch, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michael Fitch
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, I'm Mike. As a Licensed Professional Counselor with an MA, I've had the privilege of supporting a diverse range of individuals in overcoming the challenges that life throws their way. Whether it's issues related to work, relationships with friends and family, or the negative self-talk we often impose on ourselves, I'm here to help you navigate through it all. One of my core beliefs is that everyone has inherent strengths that can be harnessed to manage stress, depression, anxiety, panic attacks, social isolation, and trauma-related events.
Hello, I'm Mike. As a Licensed Professional Counselor with an MA, I've had the privilege of supporting a diverse range of individuals in overcoming the challenges that life throws their way. Whether it's issues related to work, relationships with friends and family, or the negative self-talk we often impose on ourselves, I'm here to help you navigate through it all. One of my core beliefs is that everyone has inherent strengths that can be harnessed to manage stress, depression, anxiety, panic attacks, social isolation, and trauma-related events.
(520) 779-3175 View (520) 779-3175
Photo of Amy Haack, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Amy Haack
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Amy Haack is a solution focused therapist who seeks to engage clients in active participation during the therapy process. Amy has worked with many different types of clients with various mental health needs. She is skilled in family therapy. Amy provides couples counseling, counseling for teenagers, and parent training and coaching.
Amy Haack is a solution focused therapist who seeks to engage clients in active participation during the therapy process. Amy has worked with many different types of clients with various mental health needs. She is skilled in family therapy. Amy provides couples counseling, counseling for teenagers, and parent training and coaching.
(623) 281-3717 View (623) 281-3717
Photo of Staci Detwiler, LCSW
Staci Detwiler
LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85032
Are you looking for a unique and authentic approach to therapy? Life can be really complicated, complex and confusing...I truly believe therapy can help. My work is grounded in creating a safe and judgment free space to foster honesty and self-exploration. I am here to help you figure out what you need, identify your strengths, achieve your goals and be gentle to yourself along the way. Every therapeutic experience is unique and collaborative, there really is no one size fits all. I utilize a variety of different therapeutic approaches to meet you where you are at and support you in your journey!
Are you looking for a unique and authentic approach to therapy? Life can be really complicated, complex and confusing...I truly believe therapy can help. My work is grounded in creating a safe and judgment free space to foster honesty and self-exploration. I am here to help you figure out what you need, identify your strengths, achieve your goals and be gentle to yourself along the way. Every therapeutic experience is unique and collaborative, there really is no one size fits all. I utilize a variety of different therapeutic approaches to meet you where you are at and support you in your journey!
(602) 878-6187 View (602) 878-6187
Photo of Amy Elizabeth Brown, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Amy Elizabeth Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85032
Making the decision to seek therapy is a personal process that often occurs when one is hurting emotionally and/or grieving life as they once knew it. Seeking counseling takes courage and a willingness to explore difficult life challenges. I truly believe that each person has the ability to find peace and inner healing. If your ready to face your challenges, please contact me. I can help you confront your pain/trauma and heal from it. We can have a free consultation before making your decision.
Making the decision to seek therapy is a personal process that often occurs when one is hurting emotionally and/or grieving life as they once knew it. Seeking counseling takes courage and a willingness to explore difficult life challenges. I truly believe that each person has the ability to find peace and inner healing. If your ready to face your challenges, please contact me. I can help you confront your pain/trauma and heal from it. We can have a free consultation before making your decision.
(623) 278-7760 View (623) 278-7760
Photo of Matthew Myrvik, Psychologist, PhD, CMPC
Matthew Myrvik
Psychologist, PhD, CMPC
Verified Verified
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85032
Adolescent and college athletes work hard, but lately, the pressures of competition may be taking a toll—whether it's anxiety before games, struggling with confidence, or losing the joy in their sport. I specialize in helping athletes navigate these challenges, teaching practical tools to manage stress, build mental resilience, and perform at their best. Together, I help them find their love for the game while developing skills to serve them both on and off the field. My goal is to empower them to compete confidently and grow as athletes and individuals.
Adolescent and college athletes work hard, but lately, the pressures of competition may be taking a toll—whether it's anxiety before games, struggling with confidence, or losing the joy in their sport. I specialize in helping athletes navigate these challenges, teaching practical tools to manage stress, build mental resilience, and perform at their best. Together, I help them find their love for the game while developing skills to serve them both on and off the field. My goal is to empower them to compete confidently and grow as athletes and individuals.
(602) 854-8462 View (602) 854-8462
Photo of Cynthia D Berry, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHI
Cynthia D Berry
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHI
Verified Verified
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Waitlist for new clients
I am accepting new clients! My experience in the field has led me to understand that everyone is unique and comes to healing in their own ways. My role is to provide a safe and nurturing environment and assist individuals in understanding and achieving their goals during the therapeutic process.
I am accepting new clients! My experience in the field has led me to understand that everyone is unique and comes to healing in their own ways. My role is to provide a safe and nurturing environment and assist individuals in understanding and achieving their goals during the therapeutic process.
(623) 286-2699 View (623) 286-2699
Photo of Cynthia A. Criss, Counselor, LPC, CSAT, LPCC
Cynthia A. Criss
Counselor, LPC, CSAT, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
With over 25 years of experience in the counseling field, Cynthia A. Criss, LPC, Certified Sexual Addiction Therapist, founded a private practice, Open Hearts, Open Minds Counseling Services specializing in the treatment of addiction, depression, anxiety, trauma and intimacy disorders. Treatment of intimacy disorders may include a focus on sexual compulsivity, infidelity and relational trauma. Cynthia helps persons to create healthy and intimate relationships. She provides individual, group, couples and family therapy in the treatment of addiction (sexual compulsive behavior, drugs, alcohol), depression, anxiety, and trauma.
With over 25 years of experience in the counseling field, Cynthia A. Criss, LPC, Certified Sexual Addiction Therapist, founded a private practice, Open Hearts, Open Minds Counseling Services specializing in the treatment of addiction, depression, anxiety, trauma and intimacy disorders. Treatment of intimacy disorders may include a focus on sexual compulsivity, infidelity and relational trauma. Cynthia helps persons to create healthy and intimate relationships. She provides individual, group, couples and family therapy in the treatment of addiction (sexual compulsive behavior, drugs, alcohol), depression, anxiety, and trauma.
(602) 461-7619 View (602) 461-7619
Photo of Nava Nourani, Psychologist, PsyD
Nava Nourani
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Raising children in today's world can be particularly complex and difficult. If you are struggling with family dynamics or knowing how to respond to your child, I am here to help. Children and families are living in a unique time, surrounded by a variety of societal changes and pressures that can be a source of confusion and dysfunction. It is important now more than ever, to learn how to create a positive and loving environment, and well as teach children autonomy and self worth so they can live an effective and fruitful life.
Raising children in today's world can be particularly complex and difficult. If you are struggling with family dynamics or knowing how to respond to your child, I am here to help. Children and families are living in a unique time, surrounded by a variety of societal changes and pressures that can be a source of confusion and dysfunction. It is important now more than ever, to learn how to create a positive and loving environment, and well as teach children autonomy and self worth so they can live an effective and fruitful life.
(623) 303-5635 View (623) 303-5635
Photo of Jenny Billiard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jenny Billiard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Check out www.selahcounseling.net for list of providers with current openings. Specializing in supporting clients through trauma, depression, anxiety, and relationship challenges. My approach aims to foster a comfortable, transparent environment where personal growth can thrive. I strongly believe in every individual's potential for growth and their innate strengths to effect positive change in their lives. Our goal is to facilitate a space where you can pause, reflect, and embark on your journey of transformation.
Check out www.selahcounseling.net for list of providers with current openings. Specializing in supporting clients through trauma, depression, anxiety, and relationship challenges. My approach aims to foster a comfortable, transparent environment where personal growth can thrive. I strongly believe in every individual's potential for growth and their innate strengths to effect positive change in their lives. Our goal is to facilitate a space where you can pause, reflect, and embark on your journey of transformation.
(602) 878-8391 View (602) 878-8391
Photo of Sarab Saraswati Khalsa, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Sarab Saraswati Khalsa
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Telehealth sessions only! Some background about me: I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Arizona and I graduated with a Psychology degree from Fort Lewis college before pursuing a Masters’ degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling here in Arizona. I have clinical experience working with a range of populations, but my experience shines best when working with adults struggling with trauma, childhood trauma, unhealthy relationships, communication struggles, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, anger, emotional regulation, and life transitions.
Telehealth sessions only! Some background about me: I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Arizona and I graduated with a Psychology degree from Fort Lewis college before pursuing a Masters’ degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling here in Arizona. I have clinical experience working with a range of populations, but my experience shines best when working with adults struggling with trauma, childhood trauma, unhealthy relationships, communication struggles, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, anger, emotional regulation, and life transitions.
(602) 362-7547 View (602) 362-7547
Photo of Amanda L Wood - Young Mind Center, Inc., Psychologist, PsyD
Young Mind Center, Inc.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Not accepting new clients
Dr. Amanda Wood is a licensed clinical psychologist with over 20 years of training and expertise in the field of developmental disabilities and social-cognitive delays. Dr. Wood and her colleagues take a collaborative approach to treatment, meaning that parents, siblings, and caregivers may play an integral role in the therapeutic process. As many children behave differently when visiting the doctor's office, Dr. Wood incorporates home, school, and/or community visits to better understand your child.
Dr. Amanda Wood is a licensed clinical psychologist with over 20 years of training and expertise in the field of developmental disabilities and social-cognitive delays. Dr. Wood and her colleagues take a collaborative approach to treatment, meaning that parents, siblings, and caregivers may play an integral role in the therapeutic process. As many children behave differently when visiting the doctor's office, Dr. Wood incorporates home, school, and/or community visits to better understand your child.
(602) 663-9119 View (602) 663-9119
Photo of Melissa Joy Hahnke, Counselor, LAC
Melissa Joy Hahnke
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85032
Waitlist for new clients
As an autistic person herself, Melissa is passionate about working with neurodivergent individuals and operates from a neuroaffirmative lens. Melissa prioritizes collaboration in the therapeutic process, believing that each person is the expert of their life–every person is different, with a unique set of lived experiences, identities, and perspectives, so she believes that treatment should be unique to each person, too. Treatment involves community and self-advocacy, incorporating intersectional cultural identities, supporting clients’ personal treatment goals, fostering self-compassion, and building community support.
As an autistic person herself, Melissa is passionate about working with neurodivergent individuals and operates from a neuroaffirmative lens. Melissa prioritizes collaboration in the therapeutic process, believing that each person is the expert of their life–every person is different, with a unique set of lived experiences, identities, and perspectives, so she believes that treatment should be unique to each person, too. Treatment involves community and self-advocacy, incorporating intersectional cultural identities, supporting clients’ personal treatment goals, fostering self-compassion, and building community support.
(602) 609-5954 View (602) 609-5954
Photo of Sarah Ells, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Sarah Ells
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Waitlist for new clients
Take a deep breath. What do you notice? Maybe it's a heaviness on your shoulders from the worry that kept you up all night. Maybe it's tension on your neck knowing you're walking in the door to another fight with your significant other. Perhaps it's emptiness in your chest from the shame that has been there so long it has left you feeling numb. Although I am not sure exactly what brought you here, I wonder if you are seeking relief. Seeking change. Hoping for something, perhaps anything, different. Different in you, in your marriage, in your child or maybe your whole family. I am glad you're here.
Take a deep breath. What do you notice? Maybe it's a heaviness on your shoulders from the worry that kept you up all night. Maybe it's tension on your neck knowing you're walking in the door to another fight with your significant other. Perhaps it's emptiness in your chest from the shame that has been there so long it has left you feeling numb. Although I am not sure exactly what brought you here, I wonder if you are seeking relief. Seeking change. Hoping for something, perhaps anything, different. Different in you, in your marriage, in your child or maybe your whole family. I am glad you're here.
(480) 372-9392 View (480) 372-9392
Photo of Stephanie Wogomon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, 22211
Stephanie Wogomon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, 22211
Verified Verified
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Is your child experiencing difficulties with adjustment to difficult experiences, such as trauma, grief or loss? Does your child worry a lot, have constant complaints of not feeling well, separation anxiety, issues forming close relationships or not doing well at school? Do they have a hard time regulating their emotions, act out physically or verbally, have a hard time with respecting authority or struggling with legal issues? What about you as their parent? Do you need support, skills and encouragement to help your child regulate appropriately? Are you an adult with a similar history and need support as well? I can help!
Is your child experiencing difficulties with adjustment to difficult experiences, such as trauma, grief or loss? Does your child worry a lot, have constant complaints of not feeling well, separation anxiety, issues forming close relationships or not doing well at school? Do they have a hard time regulating their emotions, act out physically or verbally, have a hard time with respecting authority or struggling with legal issues? What about you as their parent? Do you need support, skills and encouragement to help your child regulate appropriately? Are you an adult with a similar history and need support as well? I can help!
(602) 975-5406 View (602) 975-5406
Photo of Micaela Miller, Counselor, MS, LAC
Micaela Miller
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85028
Whether the needs are behavioral, relationship based, or trauma related her mission is to provide a safe environment and support mental health wellness. Micaela will discuss your unique needs and goals to develop a smart, supportive plan towards success. Every client wants to be heard and meet achievements. Micaela's desire for therapeutic partnership paired with experience can provide the balance needed to facilitate growth and meeting desired goals.
Whether the needs are behavioral, relationship based, or trauma related her mission is to provide a safe environment and support mental health wellness. Micaela will discuss your unique needs and goals to develop a smart, supportive plan towards success. Every client wants to be heard and meet achievements. Micaela's desire for therapeutic partnership paired with experience can provide the balance needed to facilitate growth and meeting desired goals.
(602) 536-4876 View (602) 536-4876
Photo of Seth Jenkins, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LISAC
Seth Jenkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LISAC
Verified Verified
15 Endorsed
Online Only
If you have come this far, it is because you have the strength to endure your struggles and you are looking for something to change. This could be anything from dealing with grief, healing from trauma or improving relationships. I believe that the change you need is within you. I would be honored to join with you and to help you draw out the healing that is within you and apply it in your life. I know that no person is beyond the reaches of this healing so long as there is a willingness to change. Together, we can work toward bringing more peace and fulfillment into your daily life.
If you have come this far, it is because you have the strength to endure your struggles and you are looking for something to change. This could be anything from dealing with grief, healing from trauma or improving relationships. I believe that the change you need is within you. I would be honored to join with you and to help you draw out the healing that is within you and apply it in your life. I know that no person is beyond the reaches of this healing so long as there is a willingness to change. Together, we can work toward bringing more peace and fulfillment into your daily life.
(602) 610-0899 View (602) 610-0899
Photo of Alyssa Shaffer, LPC
Alyssa Shaffer
LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Therapy can be a transformative journey for anyone seeking personal growth, healing, or clarity. Life presents us with challenges— emotional, mental, or relational—that can feel overwhelming or difficult to navigate. Therapy provides a safe and supportive space to explore these challenges, gain deeper insights into ourselves, and develop healthier ways of coping. It’s not just for times of crisis; therapy is a proactive step toward improving your overall well-being, fostering self-compassion, and enhancing your relationships with others. Lets work this out together.
Therapy can be a transformative journey for anyone seeking personal growth, healing, or clarity. Life presents us with challenges— emotional, mental, or relational—that can feel overwhelming or difficult to navigate. Therapy provides a safe and supportive space to explore these challenges, gain deeper insights into ourselves, and develop healthier ways of coping. It’s not just for times of crisis; therapy is a proactive step toward improving your overall well-being, fostering self-compassion, and enhancing your relationships with others. Lets work this out together.
(480) 741-1578 View (480) 741-1578
Photo of Elia Simon, Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Elia Simon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ 85032
Specializing in care for Young Adults. Are you experiencing anxiety or panic attacks? Do you sometimes feel overwhelmed and find yourself less motivated or energized to keep up with your daily tasks? I work with university students and adults in their early careers, and these are some of the things I hear about the most. That, and wanting to feel more connected to peers / colleagues. I believe things CAN get better. Part of healing is being able to talk about your experience without worrying about being judged. Therapy is a place where you can be yourself.
Specializing in care for Young Adults. Are you experiencing anxiety or panic attacks? Do you sometimes feel overwhelmed and find yourself less motivated or energized to keep up with your daily tasks? I work with university students and adults in their early careers, and these are some of the things I hear about the most. That, and wanting to feel more connected to peers / colleagues. I believe things CAN get better. Part of healing is being able to talk about your experience without worrying about being judged. Therapy is a place where you can be yourself.
(480) 568-4757 View (480) 568-4757
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See more therapy options for Paradise Valley, Phoenix

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ

500+

Average cost per session

$149

Therapists in Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
72% Stress
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Self Esteem
64% Relationship Issues
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% Aetna
83% Cigna and Evernorth
79% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Paradise Valley, Phoenix, AZ see their clients

52% In Person and Online
48% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Paradise Valley, Phoenix?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.