Therapists in Coconino County, AZ

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Photo of Lauren Schneidewent, Counselor, LAC
Lauren Schneidewent
Counselor, LAC
2 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
I hold the belief that all people have the capacity for growth and that therapy can be a helpful tool in achieving it. With your expertise of your own experiences and my training in mental health, I strive to establish a collaborative relationship where we can clarify your unique goals and determine meaningful avenues for change. My mission is to do so in a way that promotes empowerment, reduces shame, and builds upon your unique skills and strengths! I see clients from all walks of life, and find myself drawn to topics of anxiety, self-esteem, interpersonal challenges, trauma, grief, OCD, perfectionism, and repetitive behaviors.
I hold the belief that all people have the capacity for growth and that therapy can be a helpful tool in achieving it. With your expertise of your own experiences and my training in mental health, I strive to establish a collaborative relationship where we can clarify your unique goals and determine meaningful avenues for change. My mission is to do so in a way that promotes empowerment, reduces shame, and builds upon your unique skills and strengths! I see clients from all walks of life, and find myself drawn to topics of anxiety, self-esteem, interpersonal challenges, trauma, grief, OCD, perfectionism, and repetitive behaviors.
(928) 615-8985 View (928) 615-8985
Photo of Melissa N Mark, Counselor, LPC
Melissa N Mark
Counselor, LPC
Flagstaff, AZ 86005
I help clients heal from trauma, disordered eating, and patterns that may have once protected you but no longer fit who you are today. I believe healing happens in the safety of a strong therapeutic relationship. Together, we create a compassionate, grounded space where your story is honored and your pace is respected. We start by exploring your history, strengths, and goals, building safety and trust from the beginning. Over time, many clients feel more connected to themselves, more balanced, and more confident in facing life’s challenges.
I help clients heal from trauma, disordered eating, and patterns that may have once protected you but no longer fit who you are today. I believe healing happens in the safety of a strong therapeutic relationship. Together, we create a compassionate, grounded space where your story is honored and your pace is respected. We start by exploring your history, strengths, and goals, building safety and trust from the beginning. Over time, many clients feel more connected to themselves, more balanced, and more confident in facing life’s challenges.
(928) 396-0661 View (928) 396-0661
Photo of Mollie Bartholomew, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Mollie Bartholomew
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
5 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
I offer counseling to teens, adolescents, & young adults, age 12-26, in Flagstaff. I specialize in anxiety, navigating friendships, boundaries, and supporting the client as they build confidence, communication skills, and a stronger sense of self. I enjoy offering encouragement, support, & tools that help adolescents reconnect with who they are and the strengths they already carry, both for this season of life and the ones ahead. Additionally, I offer parent sessions, as as way of supporting the client. Finally, if a teen isn't ready for counseling yet, I offer parent sessions to provide support, guidance, and practical tools.
I offer counseling to teens, adolescents, & young adults, age 12-26, in Flagstaff. I specialize in anxiety, navigating friendships, boundaries, and supporting the client as they build confidence, communication skills, and a stronger sense of self. I enjoy offering encouragement, support, & tools that help adolescents reconnect with who they are and the strengths they already carry, both for this season of life and the ones ahead. Additionally, I offer parent sessions, as as way of supporting the client. Finally, if a teen isn't ready for counseling yet, I offer parent sessions to provide support, guidance, and practical tools.
(928) 395-6791 View (928) 395-6791
Photo of Chad Fields, Counselor, LAC, MEd
Chad Fields
Counselor, LAC, MEd
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Hello and Welcome—I’m really glad you’re here. We all feel stuck sometimes, and considering therapy can be scary. Taking this first step can often be the hardest and I want you to know you don’t have to do it alone. I believe that each person is powerful and has the inherent capacity for growth and self-actualization when offered an environment of understanding and respect; where you can freely and compassionately explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I'm grateful for the honor to walk alongside you as you journey toward growth, and discover the resources within yourself to live a more fulfilled and authentic life.
Hello and Welcome—I’m really glad you’re here. We all feel stuck sometimes, and considering therapy can be scary. Taking this first step can often be the hardest and I want you to know you don’t have to do it alone. I believe that each person is powerful and has the inherent capacity for growth and self-actualization when offered an environment of understanding and respect; where you can freely and compassionately explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I'm grateful for the honor to walk alongside you as you journey toward growth, and discover the resources within yourself to live a more fulfilled and authentic life.
(928) 436-6025 View (928) 436-6025
Photo of Aaron L Cohen - Aaron Cohen - Pathways to Mindful Living, MA
You've recognized that to navigate life's challenges, sometimes you need guidance along the way. You may have tried traditional therapy in the past, but are aware of an inner longing for a deeper, more soulful change. Whether you're seeking help for yourself, your relationship, or family, it would be an honor to be a guide along your path. My approach is the natural outcome of my training in Contemplative Psychotherapy, 20+ years as a meditator and counselor for children, adults, families and couples, and the calling to support other in going "Beyond Therapy."
You've recognized that to navigate life's challenges, sometimes you need guidance along the way. You may have tried traditional therapy in the past, but are aware of an inner longing for a deeper, more soulful change. Whether you're seeking help for yourself, your relationship, or family, it would be an honor to be a guide along your path. My approach is the natural outcome of my training in Contemplative Psychotherapy, 20+ years as a meditator and counselor for children, adults, families and couples, and the calling to support other in going "Beyond Therapy."
(928) 440-0152 View (928) 440-0152
Photo of Brianna Snow, Counselor, LAC
Brianna Snow
Counselor, LAC
Flagstaff, AZ 86004
It is an honor to walk alongside individuals and families as they navigate life’s challenges with faith and hope. I aim to incorporate a strengths-based approach in my work to create a space where clients can find compassion, direction and accountability. I am passionate about working with those that seek to incorporate faith, those struggling with self-esteem, anxiety, parenting, or rebuilding purpose. I also seek to serve the Spanish speaking community and hope to offer those individuals a space and resources where they can move forward with healing without a language barrier. I see clients 13 years old and above and families.
It is an honor to walk alongside individuals and families as they navigate life’s challenges with faith and hope. I aim to incorporate a strengths-based approach in my work to create a space where clients can find compassion, direction and accountability. I am passionate about working with those that seek to incorporate faith, those struggling with self-esteem, anxiety, parenting, or rebuilding purpose. I also seek to serve the Spanish speaking community and hope to offer those individuals a space and resources where they can move forward with healing without a language barrier. I see clients 13 years old and above and families.
(928) 691-4586 x1 View (928) 691-4586 x1
Photo of Cristina Piastrini - Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Flagstaff, Licensed Professional Counselor
Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Flagstaff
Licensed Professional Counselor
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(855) 524-5193 View (855) 524-5193
Photo of Cezar Popescu, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Cezar Popescu
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Therapy can be a sacred undertaking—one that calls for openness and the courage to show up, not just in words, but through the steady, embodied demonstration of your commitment to personal growth. I work with individuals drawn to explore the deeper layers of their psyche, especially those navigating depression, anxiety, trauma, bipolar experience, or spiritual emergence. Rooted in depth psychology, I see symptoms as messages from the unconscious—feedback pointing toward what’s been forgotten or disowned. As Jung noted, individuation is rarely a gentle path; it involves suffering, disruption, and humility.
Therapy can be a sacred undertaking—one that calls for openness and the courage to show up, not just in words, but through the steady, embodied demonstration of your commitment to personal growth. I work with individuals drawn to explore the deeper layers of their psyche, especially those navigating depression, anxiety, trauma, bipolar experience, or spiritual emergence. Rooted in depth psychology, I see symptoms as messages from the unconscious—feedback pointing toward what’s been forgotten or disowned. As Jung noted, individuation is rarely a gentle path; it involves suffering, disruption, and humility.
(928) 272-6072 View (928) 272-6072
Photo of Kersti Taha, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Kersti Taha
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
2 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
I believe therapy is most powerful when it feels like a real, human connection—one built on trust, compassion, and collaboration. I offer a warm, down-to-earth space where you can show up just as you are.
I believe therapy is most powerful when it feels like a real, human connection—one built on trust, compassion, and collaboration. I offer a warm, down-to-earth space where you can show up just as you are.
(928) 238-2169 View (928) 238-2169
Photo of Mike Bouck, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Mike Bouck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Finding the right therapist is the most difficult part of the therapy process. I congratulate you for doing your research and trying to find the right match for you and your family. I'm passionate about helping people who are struggling with anxiety, stress, mood instability, relationship challenges, and who are going through a difficult life transition find health and healing. If this describes you, I'm here to help you feel more stable, secure and connected to yourself and others. You are not broken. You can feel more peace, compassion, and kindness toward yourself. And in turn make the changes you want to make in your life.
Finding the right therapist is the most difficult part of the therapy process. I congratulate you for doing your research and trying to find the right match for you and your family. I'm passionate about helping people who are struggling with anxiety, stress, mood instability, relationship challenges, and who are going through a difficult life transition find health and healing. If this describes you, I'm here to help you feel more stable, secure and connected to yourself and others. You are not broken. You can feel more peace, compassion, and kindness toward yourself. And in turn make the changes you want to make in your life.
(928) 236-9132 View (928) 236-9132
Photo of Courtney Garvin-Lavendar, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Courtney Garvin-Lavendar
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
5 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
I’m drawn to working with people who feel stuck—around food, body image, intimacy, or emotions—and are longing for a place where they can feel safe, seen, and understood. I work with individuals and couples ages 10 and up who carry a lot inside and may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, or hard on themselves. Whether navigating eating disorders, perinatal or postpartum changes, relationship stress, or general mental health concerns, I consider it a privilege to walk alongside clients as they find relief, rebuild trust with themselves, and deepen connection with those they love.
I’m drawn to working with people who feel stuck—around food, body image, intimacy, or emotions—and are longing for a place where they can feel safe, seen, and understood. I work with individuals and couples ages 10 and up who carry a lot inside and may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, or hard on themselves. Whether navigating eating disorders, perinatal or postpartum changes, relationship stress, or general mental health concerns, I consider it a privilege to walk alongside clients as they find relief, rebuild trust with themselves, and deepen connection with those they love.
(928) 766-0848 View (928) 766-0848
Photo of Cambria McDonald, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NPT-C
Cambria McDonald
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NPT-C
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you tired of the continuous cycle of repeating the same old patterns? Maybe you've reached the point where it feels like things will never get better. If you’re at this place, I know you’re exhausted and yearning for a version of yourself that seems farther away. During my 9+ years as a counselor, my mission has been to assist clients in their journey of self-healing by understanding their worldview. My goal as a holistic counselor is to help you gain a deeper understanding of yourself on every level (mind, body, spirit) and together we will work towards restoring your true self.
Are you tired of the continuous cycle of repeating the same old patterns? Maybe you've reached the point where it feels like things will never get better. If you’re at this place, I know you’re exhausted and yearning for a version of yourself that seems farther away. During my 9+ years as a counselor, my mission has been to assist clients in their journey of self-healing by understanding their worldview. My goal as a holistic counselor is to help you gain a deeper understanding of yourself on every level (mind, body, spirit) and together we will work towards restoring your true self.
(210) 985-8607 View (210) 985-8607
Photo of Ann Claw, Counselor, JD, MA, LPC
Ann Claw
Counselor, JD, MA, LPC
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Specializing in helping clients shift consciousness from ego to awakening, I have been working with individuals and couples for over 35 years. As a client, you will discover your ego and learn how to find peace inside yourself without using something or someone outside yourself to feel better. You will learn how to connect with yourself and others on a deeper and more meaningful level. You will learn how to stay when you feel afraid instead of shutting down, to speak from the heart instead of lashing out, to forgive instead of seeking revenge. You will learn to see your reflection in the face of another and love what you see.
Specializing in helping clients shift consciousness from ego to awakening, I have been working with individuals and couples for over 35 years. As a client, you will discover your ego and learn how to find peace inside yourself without using something or someone outside yourself to feel better. You will learn how to connect with yourself and others on a deeper and more meaningful level. You will learn how to stay when you feel afraid instead of shutting down, to speak from the heart instead of lashing out, to forgive instead of seeking revenge. You will learn to see your reflection in the face of another and love what you see.
(520) 704-7287 View (520) 704-7287
Photo of Katherine A Meyer - Balance - Health and Wellness, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Balance - Health and Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
We are passionate about providing individual and family services to adults and children. Services are available both in-person and online.
We are passionate about providing individual and family services to adults and children. Services are available both in-person and online.
(928) 249-1356 View (928) 249-1356
Photo of Alanna Taormina, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Alanna Taormina
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86005
I take a holistic approach to therapy and address client's concerns from the perspective of their mind, body, and spirit. My role is one of a guide along the journey to wholeness. I offer illumination of integral pieces along your path and help you to integrate these pieces to become a happier, healthier, more authentic you! I truly believe that each individual can heal from emotional pain. I am competent in a variety of theoretical approaches. I am EMDR trained by EMDRIA to work with both adults and children. I am also trained in clinical hypnosis
I take a holistic approach to therapy and address client's concerns from the perspective of their mind, body, and spirit. My role is one of a guide along the journey to wholeness. I offer illumination of integral pieces along your path and help you to integrate these pieces to become a happier, healthier, more authentic you! I truly believe that each individual can heal from emotional pain. I am competent in a variety of theoretical approaches. I am EMDR trained by EMDRIA to work with both adults and children. I am also trained in clinical hypnosis
(928) 766-0871 View (928) 766-0871
Photo of Kim Elliott - Spirit Horse Counseling, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS, MEd, NCC
Spirit Horse Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS, MEd, NCC
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Making the decision to seek therapy can be difficult and takes courage. My therapeutic style is one of warmth, validation, and acceptance as we work together to foster growth and healing in your life. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and trauma informed therapist with 14 years of experience providing counseling to children, teens and adults in a variety of settings. I currently only accept clients ages 18 and above, my areas of expertise includes helping individuals overcome and cope with trauma, life transitions, anxiety and depressive disorders. Not currently accepting new clients.
Making the decision to seek therapy can be difficult and takes courage. My therapeutic style is one of warmth, validation, and acceptance as we work together to foster growth and healing in your life. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and trauma informed therapist with 14 years of experience providing counseling to children, teens and adults in a variety of settings. I currently only accept clients ages 18 and above, my areas of expertise includes helping individuals overcome and cope with trauma, life transitions, anxiety and depressive disorders. Not currently accepting new clients.
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Photo of Joan P Dewey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Joan P Dewey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Joan Dewey (she/her), brings 25 + years of practice experience having worked for many years in rural/remote integrated team settings with indigenous groups. She is licensed to provide psychotherapy (telehealth) in Alaska and Arizona, as an LCSW. She holds certification by the AZ Behavioral Health Board to provide clinical supervision/AZ. Ms. Dewey moved from Alaska in 2019, now lives in Northern Arizona, and continues to work with individuals of all ages, including those with histories of traumatic events, life transitions, grief/loss, depression, anxiety, relationship struggles, and addictions. She is BIPOC and LGBTQ+ affirming.
Joan Dewey (she/her), brings 25 + years of practice experience having worked for many years in rural/remote integrated team settings with indigenous groups. She is licensed to provide psychotherapy (telehealth) in Alaska and Arizona, as an LCSW. She holds certification by the AZ Behavioral Health Board to provide clinical supervision/AZ. Ms. Dewey moved from Alaska in 2019, now lives in Northern Arizona, and continues to work with individuals of all ages, including those with histories of traumatic events, life transitions, grief/loss, depression, anxiety, relationship struggles, and addictions. She is BIPOC and LGBTQ+ affirming.
(928) 260-5144 View (928) 260-5144
Photo of Stephanie Dove, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AM, LCSW
Stephanie Dove
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AM, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
It can be hard to reach out for support, that first step can often be the biggest challenge. I strive to support your journey by offering a judgment free and authentic space to explore life’s challenges. My approach incorporates evidence-based interventions in a way that makes sense to YOU. I have training and experience in many modalities and specialize in trauma focused treatment (using EMDR). I have worked with survivors of combat trauma and sexual violence for over 15 years and have extensive experience treating relationship issues, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and chronic pain.
It can be hard to reach out for support, that first step can often be the biggest challenge. I strive to support your journey by offering a judgment free and authentic space to explore life’s challenges. My approach incorporates evidence-based interventions in a way that makes sense to YOU. I have training and experience in many modalities and specialize in trauma focused treatment (using EMDR). I have worked with survivors of combat trauma and sexual violence for over 15 years and have extensive experience treating relationship issues, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and chronic pain.
(928) 589-5816 View (928) 589-5816
Photo of Bethany Camp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCSW-S
Bethany Camp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCSW-S
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
If you’re exhausted from worry and fear about the state of politics and our world, exhausted from people-pleasing, perfectionism, or feeling disconnected from your own needs then you’re not alone. Many people reach a point where old patterns no longer feel sustainable. I help you explore the roots of overwhelm, help you feel safe in your full emotional experience, and reconnect with your sense of inner authority and authenticity. I welcome all people to my practice for anxiety, depression, relationship struggles and grief that are dealing with life's complexities and struggles. I am accepting new clients.
If you’re exhausted from worry and fear about the state of politics and our world, exhausted from people-pleasing, perfectionism, or feeling disconnected from your own needs then you’re not alone. Many people reach a point where old patterns no longer feel sustainable. I help you explore the roots of overwhelm, help you feel safe in your full emotional experience, and reconnect with your sense of inner authority and authenticity. I welcome all people to my practice for anxiety, depression, relationship struggles and grief that are dealing with life's complexities and struggles. I am accepting new clients.
(928) 267-0873 View (928) 267-0873
Photo of Erin Meyer, Counselor, LAC
Erin Meyer
Counselor, LAC
2 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
I believe people heal in the context of connection, and I strive to provide opportunities for clients to practice ways to connect with self and others. I aim to provide a space for clients to feel understood and supported as they explore themselves with compassion, acceptance, and curiosity.
I believe people heal in the context of connection, and I strive to provide opportunities for clients to practice ways to connect with self and others. I aim to provide a space for clients to feel understood and supported as they explore themselves with compassion, acceptance, and curiosity.
(928) 249-8159 View (928) 249-8159

See more therapy options for Coconino County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Coconino County, AZ

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Coconino County, AZ who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
77% Trauma and PTSD
72% Relationship Issues
69% Self Esteem
67% Stress
64% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
78% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Coconino County, AZ see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Coconino County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.