Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Kenneth Griffin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Kenneth Griffin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10029  (Online Only)
Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 16 years of experience in the field. Dedicated to serving patients in a meaningful way, listening to their concerns, and helping them learn how to approach their mental, emotional, and behavioral problems. Exemplary at providing adolescents and adults with individual psychotherapy to help them facilitate social, vocational, and personal adjustment to allow them to lead more meaningful and fulfilling lives.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 16 years of experience in the field. Dedicated to serving patients in a meaningful way, listening to their concerns, and helping them learn how to approach their mental, emotional, and behavioral problems. Exemplary at providing adolescents and adults with individual psychotherapy to help them facilitate social, vocational, and personal adjustment to allow them to lead more meaningful and fulfilling lives.
(917) 993-9816 View (917) 993-9816
Photo of Maria Golubitsky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Maria Golubitsky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
We offer a personalized approach recognizing that each person is unique and has individual needs. Comprehensive whole-person care addresses both the symptoms and underlying causes; focusing on the deeper details. We honor a non-judgmental environment helping clients feel safe to share their experiences as they seek the support they need. Focusing on self-empowerment encourages our community to take active roles in their well-being by developing their own coping strategies and self-care practices.
We offer a personalized approach recognizing that each person is unique and has individual needs. Comprehensive whole-person care addresses both the symptoms and underlying causes; focusing on the deeper details. We honor a non-judgmental environment helping clients feel safe to share their experiences as they seek the support they need. Focusing on self-empowerment encourages our community to take active roles in their well-being by developing their own coping strategies and self-care practices.
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Photo of Michaela D'Urso, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10013
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
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Photo of Michele A Muñoz, Psychologist in New York, NY
Michele A Muñoz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10022
Sometimes, despite your best efforts to deal with the inevitable challenges of life you feel stuck and unable to achieve what you set out to accomplish. Your usual ways of coping are not working or may be getting in the way. Seeking help from a highly trained and experienced psychotherapist is an important first step. Psychotherapy may help you clarify the unsuccessful patterns you engage in, become aware of the past and present sources that keep these patterns in place, and identify your internal resources to overcome the obstacles that block you from achieving the growth and lasting change you seek.
Sometimes, despite your best efforts to deal with the inevitable challenges of life you feel stuck and unable to achieve what you set out to accomplish. Your usual ways of coping are not working or may be getting in the way. Seeking help from a highly trained and experienced psychotherapist is an important first step. Psychotherapy may help you clarify the unsuccessful patterns you engage in, become aware of the past and present sources that keep these patterns in place, and identify your internal resources to overcome the obstacles that block you from achieving the growth and lasting change you seek.
(646) 845-0603 View (646) 845-0603
Photo of Barbara Cooper-Gordon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Barbara Cooper-Gordon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10021
As a compassionate and caring therapist/coach I collaborate with my clients to focus on positive self acceptance and creating positive changes in their lives. I work with clients to develop an understanding of their current life situations and feelings that are confusing and uncomfortable for them. We all find ourselves at different stages in our lives faced with old and new feelings and reactions to home, work, family and friends. I believe that through talking about feelings, clients can identify their obstacles to change and develop a better understanding of themselves.
As a compassionate and caring therapist/coach I collaborate with my clients to focus on positive self acceptance and creating positive changes in their lives. I work with clients to develop an understanding of their current life situations and feelings that are confusing and uncomfortable for them. We all find ourselves at different stages in our lives faced with old and new feelings and reactions to home, work, family and friends. I believe that through talking about feelings, clients can identify their obstacles to change and develop a better understanding of themselves.
(484) 393-4126 View (484) 393-4126
Photo of Nancy Bourque, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Nancy Bourque
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10025
I have so much respect for all that we go through in the course of life and feel that everyone could use support and help when going through life transitions and challenging times. Whether you experiencing anxiety, dealing with trauma, a health crisis or are in the process of reinventing yourself psychotherapy can help you accomplish your goals and figure out the best ways forward.
I have so much respect for all that we go through in the course of life and feel that everyone could use support and help when going through life transitions and challenging times. Whether you experiencing anxiety, dealing with trauma, a health crisis or are in the process of reinventing yourself psychotherapy can help you accomplish your goals and figure out the best ways forward.
(646) 490-0515 View (646) 490-0515
Photo of Andie Reyes Merino, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Andie Reyes Merino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
Hello, Welcome and Thank You for visiting my page– If you have struggles related to Depression , Anxiety , Anger , Low self-esteem or if you are going through a Divorce or in a cycle of unhealthy turbulent dysfunctional friendships, partnerships, or maybe your struggling with maintaining balance in your life, Well' you’re in the right place. As a licensed psychotherapist it would be my privilege and pleasure to assist you in the process of getting you to a healthier happier YOU.
Hello, Welcome and Thank You for visiting my page– If you have struggles related to Depression , Anxiety , Anger , Low self-esteem or if you are going through a Divorce or in a cycle of unhealthy turbulent dysfunctional friendships, partnerships, or maybe your struggling with maintaining balance in your life, Well' you’re in the right place. As a licensed psychotherapist it would be my privilege and pleasure to assist you in the process of getting you to a healthier happier YOU.
(917) 336-4982 View (917) 336-4982
Photo of Marcie Braverman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Marcie Braverman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10025
Beginning therapy can feel like a big step and I am here to work collaboratively with you in a safe, supportive, and liberated space. I would like to help you feel less alone with difficult feelings and experience a greater sense of self-agency and fulfillment in your life. I have over 10 years of experience and extensive post-graduate training specializing in depression, anxiety, complex trauma, issues related to identity, and I offer particular attunement to individuals who identify as LGBTQAI+.
Beginning therapy can feel like a big step and I am here to work collaboratively with you in a safe, supportive, and liberated space. I would like to help you feel less alone with difficult feelings and experience a greater sense of self-agency and fulfillment in your life. I have over 10 years of experience and extensive post-graduate training specializing in depression, anxiety, complex trauma, issues related to identity, and I offer particular attunement to individuals who identify as LGBTQAI+.
(646) 492-8023 View (646) 492-8023
Photo of Sara Kate Gillingham, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Sara Kate Gillingham
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
After decades as a writer, I felt called to become a psychotherapist to help people integrate their lives with their truth, something too often splintered by societal pressures. I believe deeply in your capacity for healing and growth; we will work collaboratively to experience a fuller range of creative expression: from joy and silliness to rage and sorrow. Transitions like coupling and decoupling, sexuality awakening, fertility and parenthood, empty-nesting, and menopause force us into personal evolution. My unique biopsychosocial and spiritual lens lets us examine modern challenges within yourself and your relationships.
After decades as a writer, I felt called to become a psychotherapist to help people integrate their lives with their truth, something too often splintered by societal pressures. I believe deeply in your capacity for healing and growth; we will work collaboratively to experience a fuller range of creative expression: from joy and silliness to rage and sorrow. Transitions like coupling and decoupling, sexuality awakening, fertility and parenthood, empty-nesting, and menopause force us into personal evolution. My unique biopsychosocial and spiritual lens lets us examine modern challenges within yourself and your relationships.
(646) 956-1895 View (646) 956-1895
Photo of Freedom Rivera - Serving Millennial + Generation Z Women, Counselor in New York, NY
Freedom Rivera - Serving Millennial + Generation Z Women
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Freedom Rivera strives to help clients make transformative choices. She is certified in trauma-sensitive mindfulness, which is a gentle yet powerful technique to help clients thrive when dealing with symptoms of PTSD. Freedom aims to return her clients to their natural way of being, one aligned and emotionally whole. Freedom’s practice focuses on millennial and Gen Z women.
Freedom Rivera strives to help clients make transformative choices. She is certified in trauma-sensitive mindfulness, which is a gentle yet powerful technique to help clients thrive when dealing with symptoms of PTSD. Freedom aims to return her clients to their natural way of being, one aligned and emotionally whole. Freedom’s practice focuses on millennial and Gen Z women.
(929) 556-4585 View (929) 556-4585
Photo of Diane Clemente, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Diane Clemente
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, NCPsyA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10128
Are you feeling unhappy with your current career path, having difficulty getting along with others at work or at home? Feeling blocked creatively? Struggling with feelings of depression and loneliness? Do you find it challenging to maintain satisfying relationships? Psychotherapy can help.
Are you feeling unhappy with your current career path, having difficulty getting along with others at work or at home? Feeling blocked creatively? Struggling with feelings of depression and loneliness? Do you find it challenging to maintain satisfying relationships? Psychotherapy can help.
(646) 906-9292 View (646) 906-9292
Photo of Hajra Munir, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Hajra Munir
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10022  (Online Only)
Therapy is a process that takes time, patience, and consistency. As your therapist, I will provide a judgement free environment along with my undivided attention to each client. I believe that everyone carries the strength to overcome a difficult situation within themselves. With a little bit of support and encouragement, we can come out stronger than before. I welcome every client regardless of cultural background with a warm, empathetic, and attentive personality. I am fluent in English, Urdu, and Punjabi.
Therapy is a process that takes time, patience, and consistency. As your therapist, I will provide a judgement free environment along with my undivided attention to each client. I believe that everyone carries the strength to overcome a difficult situation within themselves. With a little bit of support and encouragement, we can come out stronger than before. I welcome every client regardless of cultural background with a warm, empathetic, and attentive personality. I am fluent in English, Urdu, and Punjabi.
(718) 550-1654 View (718) 550-1654
Photo of Xiwen Su, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York, NY
Xiwen Su
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Su. I am a clinical social worker in New York State. At the base of my work is a sense of compassionate curiosity, a genuine wonder: I seek to delve ever deeper into my clients' distinctive lived experiences and the myriad of potential pathways open to them. While I draw from a wide range of therapeutic modalities based on individual client needs, I think of therapy primarily as a place for play. To play doesn’t mean to take matters lightly. For most animals, including us humans, playing is serious business. During play, we observe, practice, and rehearse.
Hi, I'm Su. I am a clinical social worker in New York State. At the base of my work is a sense of compassionate curiosity, a genuine wonder: I seek to delve ever deeper into my clients' distinctive lived experiences and the myriad of potential pathways open to them. While I draw from a wide range of therapeutic modalities based on individual client needs, I think of therapy primarily as a place for play. To play doesn’t mean to take matters lightly. For most animals, including us humans, playing is serious business. During play, we observe, practice, and rehearse.
(332) 244-1249 View (332) 244-1249
Photo of Linda Garcia-Rose & Associates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Linda Garcia-Rose & Associates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10007
We are a Practice of 6 highly talented Psychotherapists. We believe in real, practical Transformative Psychotherapy focusing on more than just symptoms, helping each client live his/her happiest life through Positive Psychology. We use Mindfulness Techniques to help understand your thoughts and feelings and how these manifest in your body: yesterday, today and projecting into the future. Our team has deep training and experience in a wide range of specialties: Trauma and PTSD, Eating Disorders, Panic Attacks, Sex Therapy, Bio Feedback, Chronic Pain, IVF/Surrogacy, Spirituality, LGBTQA, Death/Dying/Hospice, and Business Coaching. We work with Children, Couples, Individuals and Families.
We are a Practice of 6 highly talented Psychotherapists. We believe in real, practical Transformative Psychotherapy focusing on more than just symptoms, helping each client live his/her happiest life through Positive Psychology. We use Mindfulness Techniques to help understand your thoughts and feelings and how these manifest in your body: yesterday, today and projecting into the future. Our team has deep training and experience in a wide range of specialties: Trauma and PTSD, Eating Disorders, Panic Attacks, Sex Therapy, Bio Feedback, Chronic Pain, IVF/Surrogacy, Spirituality, LGBTQA, Death/Dying/Hospice, and Business Coaching. We work with Children, Couples, Individuals and Families.
(646) 362-8705 View (646) 362-8705
Photo of Stephen Josephson, Psychologist in New York, NY
Stephen Josephson
Psychologist, PhD, ABBP, ABPP, PC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10065
I work best with adolescents and adults with a clear desire to make behavioral changes in their life and are not content with insight alone. They must be willing to actively collaborate in getting better and commit to learning new strategies for coping.
I work best with adolescents and adults with a clear desire to make behavioral changes in their life and are not content with insight alone. They must be willing to actively collaborate in getting better and commit to learning new strategies for coping.
(646) 606-2602 View (646) 606-2602
Photo of Dr. Brad Stevens, Psychologist in New York, NY
Dr. Brad Stevens
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10021  (Online Only)
Welcome! I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience. I am passionate about providing relationally-oriented, evidence-based care to adults and adolescents. As an integrative psychotherapist, I draw from cognitive-behavioral, experiential, and attachment-based approaches to help individuals who are struggling with emotional pain to live rich and meaningful lives. Through close collaboration with me, my clients cultivate new ways of being both with themselves and others.
Welcome! I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience. I am passionate about providing relationally-oriented, evidence-based care to adults and adolescents. As an integrative psychotherapist, I draw from cognitive-behavioral, experiential, and attachment-based approaches to help individuals who are struggling with emotional pain to live rich and meaningful lives. Through close collaboration with me, my clients cultivate new ways of being both with themselves and others.
(347) 244-7549 View (347) 244-7549
Photo of Kyle Canales, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Kyle Canales
Pre-Licensed Professional, LP, MHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10012
Throughout life, we all gather scrapes, bruises, and cuts. Usually, we try to do our best to clean these wounds, and go on with our lives. However, we might sometimes be busy, unable, or too nervous to clean these injuries thoroughly. As a result, we tend to find ways to cover them up quickly. Early stages of the therapeutic process might include approaching those old wounds, unwrapping the old bandages covering them. As we approach and discuss these challenges, we can spend time conceptualizing coping mechanisms that encourage healing. Over time, something that hurt so profoundly might begin to heal into a less visible scar.
Throughout life, we all gather scrapes, bruises, and cuts. Usually, we try to do our best to clean these wounds, and go on with our lives. However, we might sometimes be busy, unable, or too nervous to clean these injuries thoroughly. As a result, we tend to find ways to cover them up quickly. Early stages of the therapeutic process might include approaching those old wounds, unwrapping the old bandages covering them. As we approach and discuss these challenges, we can spend time conceptualizing coping mechanisms that encourage healing. Over time, something that hurt so profoundly might begin to heal into a less visible scar.
(347) 658-1383 View (347) 658-1383
Photo of Jonathan S Kessler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jonathan S Kessler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10017  (Online Only)
ONLY OFFERING VIRTUAL SESSIONS RIGHT NOW: Maybe things aren’t working out the way you want or expected them to, and you don’t know how to make changes that will stick. What’s getting in the way? Are you having difficulty communicating and navigating intimacy issues with your partner; tolerating intense feelings or moods; reconciling a traumatic history? Whether it be in our loves or careers, parenting, facing illness and loss, or just watching ourselves and our partners age — all too often, in the midst of this complex and busy life, we find ourselves wondering: what do I do now? How do I best respond?
ONLY OFFERING VIRTUAL SESSIONS RIGHT NOW: Maybe things aren’t working out the way you want or expected them to, and you don’t know how to make changes that will stick. What’s getting in the way? Are you having difficulty communicating and navigating intimacy issues with your partner; tolerating intense feelings or moods; reconciling a traumatic history? Whether it be in our loves or careers, parenting, facing illness and loss, or just watching ourselves and our partners age — all too often, in the midst of this complex and busy life, we find ourselves wondering: what do I do now? How do I best respond?
(347) 946-6469 View (347) 946-6469
Photo of Dr. Victoria Rodriguez, Master Social Work in New York, NY
Dr. Victoria Rodriguez
Master Social Work, DSL, LMSW, MPA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
I use therapeutic skills and my training in strategic leadership to help women, most specifically WOC, advance in both their careers and their interpersonal relationships while at the same time developing a more compassionate relationship with themselves. I specialize in working with confidence or identity issues, imposter syndrome, anxiety and depression in women that can hold you back from making positive and progressive life transitions. With the understanding that there is room for all parts of ourselves in the therapeutic process.
I use therapeutic skills and my training in strategic leadership to help women, most specifically WOC, advance in both their careers and their interpersonal relationships while at the same time developing a more compassionate relationship with themselves. I specialize in working with confidence or identity issues, imposter syndrome, anxiety and depression in women that can hold you back from making positive and progressive life transitions. With the understanding that there is room for all parts of ourselves in the therapeutic process.
(917) 473-9308 View (917) 473-9308
Photo of Jeanne Safer, Psychologist in New York, NY
Jeanne Safer
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
The psychotherapeutic relationship is the most powerful tool we have for lasting change. A practically-oriented, emotionally alive connection with someone who speaks your intimate language makes all the difference. It repairs old wounds, resolves unfinished business, and provides tools to confront whatever life presents and helps you become your truest, deepest self. In my books--two address problem siblings and another explains obsessive love--I bring the same passionate commitment I do to the people I work with in therapy. On my website, JeanneSaferPhD.com, you can see me on TV, hear me on radio, and read articles by me and about my work.
The psychotherapeutic relationship is the most powerful tool we have for lasting change. A practically-oriented, emotionally alive connection with someone who speaks your intimate language makes all the difference. It repairs old wounds, resolves unfinished business, and provides tools to confront whatever life presents and helps you become your truest, deepest self. In my books--two address problem siblings and another explains obsessive love--I bring the same passionate commitment I do to the people I work with in therapy. On my website, JeanneSaferPhD.com, you can see me on TV, hear me on radio, and read articles by me and about my work.
(646) 863-5580 View (646) 863-5580

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.