Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT

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Photo of Ann Gammell Cook, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Ann Gammell Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, Effecti, Therapy
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84124
23 years with a dynamic client base from: substance abuse, to burn survivors and their families, burn care professionals, to individual suffering with chronic disease. Philosophy: Each of us is under individually dynamic circumstances have experienced traumatic; medical, emotional and physical events, resulting in anxiety, depression, PTSD, Etc. The understanding the of the psychological aspects related to trauma with the hormonal and neurological processes that sustain them, the traumatic stress reactions involving emotional, cognitive, and behavioral consequences, how it develops, manifest, and affects one life, and how to manage.
23 years with a dynamic client base from: substance abuse, to burn survivors and their families, burn care professionals, to individual suffering with chronic disease. Philosophy: Each of us is under individually dynamic circumstances have experienced traumatic; medical, emotional and physical events, resulting in anxiety, depression, PTSD, Etc. The understanding the of the psychological aspects related to trauma with the hormonal and neurological processes that sustain them, the traumatic stress reactions involving emotional, cognitive, and behavioral consequences, how it develops, manifest, and affects one life, and how to manage.
(385) 263-1831 View (385) 263-1831
Photo of Annie Ritchie, Pre-Licensed Professional in Salt Lake City, UT
Annie Ritchie
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84107
Taking the leap into therapy is a courageous step, and I am excited to be part of your journey. I invite you to dive into this space where it’s all about you – your thoughts, your feelings, and your growth. Therapy becomes a toolbox, revealing tools you might not have known were within your reach. You will learn strategies that can be applied throughout your lifetime to navigate the diverse challenges that come your way. I prioritize creating an atmosphere of trust and non-judgment, where you can freely express your emotions. Together, we will tackle challenges, explore insights and chart a course for positive change.
Taking the leap into therapy is a courageous step, and I am excited to be part of your journey. I invite you to dive into this space where it’s all about you – your thoughts, your feelings, and your growth. Therapy becomes a toolbox, revealing tools you might not have known were within your reach. You will learn strategies that can be applied throughout your lifetime to navigate the diverse challenges that come your way. I prioritize creating an atmosphere of trust and non-judgment, where you can freely express your emotions. Together, we will tackle challenges, explore insights and chart a course for positive change.
(385) 327-7555 View (385) 327-7555
Photo of Melissa L Larsen, Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
Melissa L Larsen
Counselor, CMHC
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84102
Life throws all kinds of challenges at us. Some are happening now, and some happened in the past but have not been resolved. Whether you are walking away from an abusive situation, coming to terms with your identity, or working through childhood trauma, you could use a guide. You may be facing the death of a loved one, or grieving other losses. Maybe you are struggling with emotions that feel out of control, but you don't know why. Or, after a positive change in your life, like becoming a parent or finding a healthy partner, you find yourself unhappy. When life becomes too painful or you're just plain stuck, therapy can help.
Life throws all kinds of challenges at us. Some are happening now, and some happened in the past but have not been resolved. Whether you are walking away from an abusive situation, coming to terms with your identity, or working through childhood trauma, you could use a guide. You may be facing the death of a loved one, or grieving other losses. Maybe you are struggling with emotions that feel out of control, but you don't know why. Or, after a positive change in your life, like becoming a parent or finding a healthy partner, you find yourself unhappy. When life becomes too painful or you're just plain stuck, therapy can help.
(385) 449-4685 View (385) 449-4685
Photo of Nicole Lukac, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Nicole Lukac
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84101  (Online Only)
Healing is a never ending journey and I congratulate you on taking the first step in making a difference in your life. I practice with a client-focused approach and believe that therapy is the perfect space for every individual to realize their full potential and make the necessary changes to achieve a happy, healthy life. As your therapist, I hope to empower you to make your own decisions while providing guidance and support. Together, we will identify core beliefs, examine both childhood and current life stressors, and come up with coping skills to help the ups and downs of daily life.
Healing is a never ending journey and I congratulate you on taking the first step in making a difference in your life. I practice with a client-focused approach and believe that therapy is the perfect space for every individual to realize their full potential and make the necessary changes to achieve a happy, healthy life. As your therapist, I hope to empower you to make your own decisions while providing guidance and support. Together, we will identify core beliefs, examine both childhood and current life stressors, and come up with coping skills to help the ups and downs of daily life.
(385) 442-6339 View (385) 442-6339
Photo of Wendy Hoyt, Psychologist in Salt Lake City, UT
Wendy Hoyt
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84106  (Online Only)
After living and working in UT for 17 years, I have relocated to CA and am providing telehealth, with in person visits every 6 weeks. I have 20 years experience treating eating disorders and work within multidisciplinary teams to provide a high level of care, outpatient. My practice has consistently been 95+% eating disorder clients, who also present with anxiety, depression, self-harm and related behaviors, PTSD and/or relational trauma. I approach eating disorder treatment with a strong focus on both physiological and emotional recovery, and am able to treat those with mild to severe eating disorders within the outpatient setting.
After living and working in UT for 17 years, I have relocated to CA and am providing telehealth, with in person visits every 6 weeks. I have 20 years experience treating eating disorders and work within multidisciplinary teams to provide a high level of care, outpatient. My practice has consistently been 95+% eating disorder clients, who also present with anxiety, depression, self-harm and related behaviors, PTSD and/or relational trauma. I approach eating disorder treatment with a strong focus on both physiological and emotional recovery, and am able to treat those with mild to severe eating disorders within the outpatient setting.
(801) 758-7156 View (801) 758-7156
Photo of Matthew Maya, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Matthew Maya
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
Waitlist for new clients
Hi there, I'm Matthew! For the last eight years I have worked in the mental health profession in various roles and capacities. I have been a youth mentor, a group facilitator, a child welfare worker, and have been working in family, group, and individual therapy. I have a special interest in working with LGBTQIA+ clients who are struggling with identity issues, trauma, and faith transitions. Figuring out who we are and how we belong is a difficult and sometimes challenging task, and it’s okay to ask for help.
Hi there, I'm Matthew! For the last eight years I have worked in the mental health profession in various roles and capacities. I have been a youth mentor, a group facilitator, a child welfare worker, and have been working in family, group, and individual therapy. I have a special interest in working with LGBTQIA+ clients who are struggling with identity issues, trauma, and faith transitions. Figuring out who we are and how we belong is a difficult and sometimes challenging task, and it’s okay to ask for help.
(385) 417-4524 View (385) 417-4524
Photo of Else Peterson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Else Peterson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84107
What truly drives me is my unwavering dedication to assisting others in their journey towards reducing suffering and finding fulfillment in life. I believe that everyone deserves the opportunity to discover what truly ignites their passion and expand on these moments of joy, especially during the toughest of times. I specialize in supporting adults of all ages on their journey to improve their overall quality of life. Utilizing a blend of therapeutic approaches such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing,
What truly drives me is my unwavering dedication to assisting others in their journey towards reducing suffering and finding fulfillment in life. I believe that everyone deserves the opportunity to discover what truly ignites their passion and expand on these moments of joy, especially during the toughest of times. I specialize in supporting adults of all ages on their journey to improve their overall quality of life. Utilizing a blend of therapeutic approaches such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing,
(801) 823-2982 View (801) 823-2982
Photo of Emily Lang, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Emily Lang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84101
As humans, it is not a matter of ‘if’ we will encounter the less glamorous aspects of life, but ‘when’. Each of us has the innate capacity to work through moments of change and transformation although, at times, that truth may feel impossible, false, or inadequate. As a practicing clinical therapist, my intention is to collaborate with you to support your own inner power to regain control in your life within a nonjudgmental and confidential safe space. In fostering your unique abilities together through exploration, processing, and individualized modalities, it is my goal to empower you to aspire to your full potential.
As humans, it is not a matter of ‘if’ we will encounter the less glamorous aspects of life, but ‘when’. Each of us has the innate capacity to work through moments of change and transformation although, at times, that truth may feel impossible, false, or inadequate. As a practicing clinical therapist, my intention is to collaborate with you to support your own inner power to regain control in your life within a nonjudgmental and confidential safe space. In fostering your unique abilities together through exploration, processing, and individualized modalities, it is my goal to empower you to aspire to your full potential.
(385) 376-1558 View (385) 376-1558
Photo of Dane Joseph Burns, Pre-Licensed Professional in Salt Lake City, UT
Dane Joseph Burns
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSWi
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84107
Reaching out can be an intimidating prospect and is a common experience. I congratulate you on taking the steps needed to find support. I want to create a space where I can meet you where you are without judgement.
Reaching out can be an intimidating prospect and is a common experience. I congratulate you on taking the steps needed to find support. I want to create a space where I can meet you where you are without judgement.
(801) 810-9767 View (801) 810-9767
Photo of Therapy Transformed, Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
Therapy Transformed
Counselor, CMHC, LCSW, LMFT, CSW, ACMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
At Therapy Transformed, we are committed to holistic, ethical, evidence-based, trauma-informed approaches. Our mission is to provide a safe, empowering space for individuals. We frequently offer group therapy, please check our listings and our website for current offerings either virtual or in person. We are an LGBTQIA+ Affirming practice.
At Therapy Transformed, we are committed to holistic, ethical, evidence-based, trauma-informed approaches. Our mission is to provide a safe, empowering space for individuals. We frequently offer group therapy, please check our listings and our website for current offerings either virtual or in person. We are an LGBTQIA+ Affirming practice.
(385) 316-7217 View (385) 316-7217
Photo of Brittany Nicole Therapy , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Brittany Nicole Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84120  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Brittany & I am here to be your nonjudgemental support. I strive to create a safe space for all my clients. Let's work together to establish your goals.
Hi, I’m Brittany & I am here to be your nonjudgemental support. I strive to create a safe space for all my clients. Let's work together to establish your goals.
(385) 483-3319 View (385) 483-3319
Photo of Jordan Wright, Licensed Professional Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
Jordan Wright
Licensed Professional Counselor, CMHC, NCC, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
Substance misuse, trauma, identity concerns, men's issues, depression, anxiety, adjustment issues. These are just a few of the issues I specialize in working with in my practice. I have had 8 plus years working with adolescents and adults in various settings. My approach is a humanistic, client-centered, somatic and trauma focused approach. I am trained in EMDR and Brainspottting. I try and create an environment/therapuetic alliance that is relaxed, humorous yet confrontational and free of therapeutic jargon so that my clients can be authentic.
Substance misuse, trauma, identity concerns, men's issues, depression, anxiety, adjustment issues. These are just a few of the issues I specialize in working with in my practice. I have had 8 plus years working with adolescents and adults in various settings. My approach is a humanistic, client-centered, somatic and trauma focused approach. I am trained in EMDR and Brainspottting. I try and create an environment/therapuetic alliance that is relaxed, humorous yet confrontational and free of therapeutic jargon so that my clients can be authentic.
(385) 402-5567 View (385) 402-5567
Photo of Kaleo Awana, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Kaleo Awana
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PCC
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84103
I am a licensed therapist + ICF certified executive life coach whose specialties include trauma and “therapy with a coaching edge” aka, therapy with something extra. Simply put, this method improves client outcomes by combining the healing and insight of therapy with the goal attainment and accountability of coaching.
I am a licensed therapist + ICF certified executive life coach whose specialties include trauma and “therapy with a coaching edge” aka, therapy with something extra. Simply put, this method improves client outcomes by combining the healing and insight of therapy with the goal attainment and accountability of coaching.
(801) 505-8428 View (801) 505-8428
Photo of Terri Jones, Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
Terri Jones
Counselor, CMHC, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
Not accepting new clients
Life doesn’t always go according to plan. And, sometimes there isn’t a plan, or it’s someone else’s plan, or the plan simply isn’t working. I offer a compassionate space where you can feel safe and supported as we explore the unexpected or ongoing turbulence your life. My trauma-informed approach to counseling is centered on building a trust-based collaboration that will support you as you begin to experience meaningful change. We’ll rely on a process of discovery to determine which counseling approach, or combination of approaches, will fit best for you. Together we’ll uncover your unique path to the life you want to live.
Life doesn’t always go according to plan. And, sometimes there isn’t a plan, or it’s someone else’s plan, or the plan simply isn’t working. I offer a compassionate space where you can feel safe and supported as we explore the unexpected or ongoing turbulence your life. My trauma-informed approach to counseling is centered on building a trust-based collaboration that will support you as you begin to experience meaningful change. We’ll rely on a process of discovery to determine which counseling approach, or combination of approaches, will fit best for you. Together we’ll uncover your unique path to the life you want to live.
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Photo of Clara Garrido, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Clara Garrido
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
Waitlist for new clients
My experience, before joining Blue Skies Counseling, includes working as a family service case manager, providing direct care for adolescents in a crisis residential setting, and inpatient crisis stabilization for adults and youth. I offer extensive knowledge working with individuals including LGBTQ+ navigating depression, ADHD, OCD, mood disorders, self-esteem and anxiety. I am passionate about my work with adolescents and adults with a wide range of diversity and cultures.
My experience, before joining Blue Skies Counseling, includes working as a family service case manager, providing direct care for adolescents in a crisis residential setting, and inpatient crisis stabilization for adults and youth. I offer extensive knowledge working with individuals including LGBTQ+ navigating depression, ADHD, OCD, mood disorders, self-esteem and anxiety. I am passionate about my work with adolescents and adults with a wide range of diversity and cultures.
(385) 417-4708 View (385) 417-4708
Photo of Jason Taylor, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Jason Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
Are you facing uncertainty with your place in life, your relationships, or with your personal health? Do you desire to decrease stress levels, and gain the tools and understanding to better connect with your authentic and empowered self? Working through the uncertainty, overwhelm, disconnection, and impact on your self-worth can be so much to navigate on your own. Regardless of your progress on your journey, working alongside someone who understands the complexities of these concerns can be beneficial.
Are you facing uncertainty with your place in life, your relationships, or with your personal health? Do you desire to decrease stress levels, and gain the tools and understanding to better connect with your authentic and empowered self? Working through the uncertainty, overwhelm, disconnection, and impact on your self-worth can be so much to navigate on your own. Regardless of your progress on your journey, working alongside someone who understands the complexities of these concerns can be beneficial.
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Photo of Channing Cochran, Psychologist in Salt Lake City, UT
Channing Cochran
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84109  (Online Only)
I am a doctoral-level, licensed clinical psychologist with comprehensive training in a diverse range of evidence-based therapies (e.g., ACT, CBT, DBT). While I have successfully assisted individuals with a wide array of therapeutic goals, I specialize in treatment of anxiety, depression or lack of motivation, stress related to work or relationship challenges, perfectionism, and self-criticism. I enjoy collaboratively working with individuals to assist them in living a life that is aligned with their values!
I am a doctoral-level, licensed clinical psychologist with comprehensive training in a diverse range of evidence-based therapies (e.g., ACT, CBT, DBT). While I have successfully assisted individuals with a wide array of therapeutic goals, I specialize in treatment of anxiety, depression or lack of motivation, stress related to work or relationship challenges, perfectionism, and self-criticism. I enjoy collaboratively working with individuals to assist them in living a life that is aligned with their values!
(801) 845-3503 View (801) 845-3503
Photo of Elise Scribner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Elise Scribner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84103
I believe healing is all about connection and integration. As a teen or adult, traumatic events, hard emotions, or living as a marginalized person in our societal structures can tend to leave us feeling defeated, isolated, and/or hopeless. Or, sometimes we just feel stuck in life. With a client-led approach, we can use a variety of interventions that you feel would help the most, including EMDR, DBT, Internal Family Systems Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and spirituality development.
I believe healing is all about connection and integration. As a teen or adult, traumatic events, hard emotions, or living as a marginalized person in our societal structures can tend to leave us feeling defeated, isolated, and/or hopeless. Or, sometimes we just feel stuck in life. With a client-led approach, we can use a variety of interventions that you feel would help the most, including EMDR, DBT, Internal Family Systems Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and spirituality development.
(385) 469-3215 View (385) 469-3215
Photo of Paige Whipps, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Paige Whipps
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
Do you feel alone and unbalanced, like you’re spread thin without relief in sight? Do you feel guilty for not feeling the way you “should”? Have you lost hope? Stress and despair around issues such as pregnancy loss, infertility, pregnancy complications, birth trauma, unplanned pregnancies, postpartum anxiety and depression and the transition to parenthood often go unaddressed, leaving women and their families feeling disjointed and alone. It's time to break the silence and reclaim the hope you deserve. Your story is unique and warrants individualized attention as you work to rebuild in a safe, supportive environment.
Do you feel alone and unbalanced, like you’re spread thin without relief in sight? Do you feel guilty for not feeling the way you “should”? Have you lost hope? Stress and despair around issues such as pregnancy loss, infertility, pregnancy complications, birth trauma, unplanned pregnancies, postpartum anxiety and depression and the transition to parenthood often go unaddressed, leaving women and their families feeling disjointed and alone. It's time to break the silence and reclaim the hope you deserve. Your story is unique and warrants individualized attention as you work to rebuild in a safe, supportive environment.
(385) 263-1533 View (385) 263-1533
Photo of Van C. Evans, PhD Clinical Psychotherapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Van C. Evans, PhD Clinical Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84124
Over the years, I have developed my gift of diagnosis which helps me to understand my patients in an accurate and easy to understand manner for them. Then we grieve together the past and implement interventions and boundaries for a healthy future. Psychotherapy is proven to be more enduring than drug therapy, and my approach towards treating my patients is to avoid medication where possible.
Over the years, I have developed my gift of diagnosis which helps me to understand my patients in an accurate and easy to understand manner for them. Then we grieve together the past and implement interventions and boundaries for a healthy future. Psychotherapy is proven to be more enduring than drug therapy, and my approach towards treating my patients is to avoid medication where possible.
(801) 876-1896 View (801) 876-1896

See more therapy options for Salt Lake City

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
74% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% SelectHealth
56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
27% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Salt Lake City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.