Therapists in Austin, TX

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Photo of Tammy Davis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Tammy Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78752  (Online Only)
Hi! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years’ experience as an MA, CNA and 7 years of experience meeting the needs of clients in social work settings who struggle with depression, anxiety, addictions, trauma, and family relationships. I specialize in working with single moms with children and those with life event adjustments. As a licensed social worker, I utilize a solution-focused approach along with cognitive and dialectical behavioral therapeutic techniques to uncover, process and assist my clients with managing unwanted symptoms that are keeping you from realizing your personal goals in life.
Hi! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 20 years’ experience as an MA, CNA and 7 years of experience meeting the needs of clients in social work settings who struggle with depression, anxiety, addictions, trauma, and family relationships. I specialize in working with single moms with children and those with life event adjustments. As a licensed social worker, I utilize a solution-focused approach along with cognitive and dialectical behavioral therapeutic techniques to uncover, process and assist my clients with managing unwanted symptoms that are keeping you from realizing your personal goals in life.
(737) 727-4038 View (737) 727-4038
Photo of Johanna Austin-Azadi, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Johanna Austin-Azadi
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78722
I join clients on their personal and professional journeys and support them in leveling up their lives! As a hybrid life coach and therapist, I offer support on achieving outcomes (such as "I want to find my mission in life" or "I want to feel really happy and energetic" or "I'm ready to open/level up my business") and I work with clients who are truly ready for growth! The bonus outcomes - my clients report increased self-confidence, clarity on life and purpose, assertiveness, increased joy, better relationships, and as a result they take bold steps into their authentic selves and write their own stories.
I join clients on their personal and professional journeys and support them in leveling up their lives! As a hybrid life coach and therapist, I offer support on achieving outcomes (such as "I want to find my mission in life" or "I want to feel really happy and energetic" or "I'm ready to open/level up my business") and I work with clients who are truly ready for growth! The bonus outcomes - my clients report increased self-confidence, clarity on life and purpose, assertiveness, increased joy, better relationships, and as a result they take bold steps into their authentic selves and write their own stories.
(512) 359-3503 View (512) 359-3503
Photo of Vida Clinic, Psychologist in Austin, TX
Vida Clinic
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78704
Vida Clinic partners with organizations and individuals to provide a range of high quality mental health services. Our approach is designed to provide accessible services so people can feel comfortable getting the care they need in order to live healthy and fulfilling lives. Our therapists have a master’s degree or higher in social work (LMSW, LCSW), counseling (LPC), or PhD/PsyD in psychology (LP). We are trained in a variety of evidence-based strategies and can work on issues related to stress, grief, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, depression, persistent mental illness, relationships, school problems, and more.
Vida Clinic partners with organizations and individuals to provide a range of high quality mental health services. Our approach is designed to provide accessible services so people can feel comfortable getting the care they need in order to live healthy and fulfilling lives. Our therapists have a master’s degree or higher in social work (LMSW, LCSW), counseling (LPC), or PhD/PsyD in psychology (LP). We are trained in a variety of evidence-based strategies and can work on issues related to stress, grief, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, depression, persistent mental illness, relationships, school problems, and more.
(512) 881-9259 View (512) 881-9259
Photo of Irving Najman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Irving Najman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CSAT
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
I will help you bring resolution to a wide range of life's challenges and emotional issues through a comprehensive, individualized treatment that incorporates an integrated style using various counseling approaches. I will assist you in reaching your potential in a nurturing, compassionate & empathetic environment and I am dedicated to your personal growth and spiritual journey.
I will help you bring resolution to a wide range of life's challenges and emotional issues through a comprehensive, individualized treatment that incorporates an integrated style using various counseling approaches. I will assist you in reaching your potential in a nurturing, compassionate & empathetic environment and I am dedicated to your personal growth and spiritual journey.
(281) 884-3011 View (281) 884-3011
Photo of Becks Byington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Becks Byington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78757
What’s up, I’m Becks. I’m a neurodivergent genderqueer human with a penchant for using my facial expressions as a therapeutic intervention. I’m passionate about working with people who are seeking support around gender and sexual identity, perfectionism and self-worth, body image, stress, and trauma.
What’s up, I’m Becks. I’m a neurodivergent genderqueer human with a penchant for using my facial expressions as a therapeutic intervention. I’m passionate about working with people who are seeking support around gender and sexual identity, perfectionism and self-worth, body image, stress, and trauma.
(737) 257-6158 View (737) 257-6158
Photo of Stormy Lee Zamora, LPC Intern in Austin, TX
Stormy Lee Zamora
LPC Intern, MEd, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78701
As a Queer Hispanic Female, I have a passion as a therapist to support fellow LGBTQIA+ clients with things unique to our experience and lives such as coming out, working through relationships with straight friends and family, developing meaningful, healthy sexual connections with our partners, and general healing with compassion. This is what I love most about this work! I have experience working with adults and couples encompassing a wide variety of topics.
As a Queer Hispanic Female, I have a passion as a therapist to support fellow LGBTQIA+ clients with things unique to our experience and lives such as coming out, working through relationships with straight friends and family, developing meaningful, healthy sexual connections with our partners, and general healing with compassion. This is what I love most about this work! I have experience working with adults and couples encompassing a wide variety of topics.
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Photo of Sandra Olarte-Hayes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Sandra Olarte-Hayes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78701
You seem to have it all—a successful career, lasting relationships, and a commitment to making a difference. Yet, internally you're plagued by a sense of emptiness, loneliness, and a longing for true meaning and fulfillment. Many of my clients are dedicated high achievers who pour their hearts and souls into everything they do, yet they feel overworked, overwhelmed, and disconnected from their own needs and desires. They yearn for genuine understanding, connection, and the freedom to be their authentic selves. They seek to shed old narratives and limitations, embracing vulnerability to rediscover purpose and vitality.
You seem to have it all—a successful career, lasting relationships, and a commitment to making a difference. Yet, internally you're plagued by a sense of emptiness, loneliness, and a longing for true meaning and fulfillment. Many of my clients are dedicated high achievers who pour their hearts and souls into everything they do, yet they feel overworked, overwhelmed, and disconnected from their own needs and desires. They yearn for genuine understanding, connection, and the freedom to be their authentic selves. They seek to shed old narratives and limitations, embracing vulnerability to rediscover purpose and vitality.
(512) 746-7964 View (512) 746-7964
Photo of Jane Green, Psychological Associate in Austin, TX
Jane Green
Psychological Associate, MA, LPA-IP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78735  (Online Only)
Are you hoping to find new ways to handle life’s challenges? Are you feeling overwhelmed? Everyone needs help sometimes to restore balance and deal with issues. Let’s work together to explore those issues and find ways to address them. I am experienced in working with adults facing anxiety, depression and mood disruptions. I have helped many clients navigate the challenges of ADHD and reaction sensitive dysphoria. I am also well versed in the issues facing adults dealing with life changes, especially those related to coping with chronic illness and disability. Let me help you find a way forward.
Are you hoping to find new ways to handle life’s challenges? Are you feeling overwhelmed? Everyone needs help sometimes to restore balance and deal with issues. Let’s work together to explore those issues and find ways to address them. I am experienced in working with adults facing anxiety, depression and mood disruptions. I have helped many clients navigate the challenges of ADHD and reaction sensitive dysphoria. I am also well versed in the issues facing adults dealing with life changes, especially those related to coping with chronic illness and disability. Let me help you find a way forward.
(737) 510-4121 View (737) 510-4121
Photo of Miranda M. Dooley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Miranda M. Dooley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78731
There is nothing wrong with asking for help and it’s important to remember that. “Asking for help when you need it doesn’t show weakness, it shows tremendous strength”— it takes self-awareness; it takes courage and the willingness to be vulnerable. A great quote by Fred Rogers says, “When we talk about our feelings they become less overwhelming, less upsetting, and less scary.” The therapeutic relationship I have with clients is something that I cherish and do not take for granted. It is a true privilege to be able to accompany clients on their journeys of self-discovery and self-understanding.
There is nothing wrong with asking for help and it’s important to remember that. “Asking for help when you need it doesn’t show weakness, it shows tremendous strength”— it takes self-awareness; it takes courage and the willingness to be vulnerable. A great quote by Fred Rogers says, “When we talk about our feelings they become less overwhelming, less upsetting, and less scary.” The therapeutic relationship I have with clients is something that I cherish and do not take for granted. It is a true privilege to be able to accompany clients on their journeys of self-discovery and self-understanding.
(512) 580-9892 View (512) 580-9892
Photo of Candiss Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Candiss Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78705  (Online Only)
I am a mulit-specialty provider seeing clients of all ages, with all types of concerns and problems. As a leading provider of counseling services, I take pride in offering the best therapeutic techniques and a comforting environment that allows you to express yourself. I am dedicated to serving the needs of my clients each and every day. I am dedicated to helping individuals achieve the growth they long for. I have extensive experience working as a school counselor, domestic abuse, substance abuse, and juvenile/adult criminal justice system with crisis intervention.
I am a mulit-specialty provider seeing clients of all ages, with all types of concerns and problems. As a leading provider of counseling services, I take pride in offering the best therapeutic techniques and a comforting environment that allows you to express yourself. I am dedicated to serving the needs of my clients each and every day. I am dedicated to helping individuals achieve the growth they long for. I have extensive experience working as a school counselor, domestic abuse, substance abuse, and juvenile/adult criminal justice system with crisis intervention.
(512) 883-6808 View (512) 883-6808
Photo of Austin Mental Healthcare LLC in Austin, TX
Austin Mental Healthcare LLC
PA-C, CAQ
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Patients very often say "I wish I had started my treatment years ago". The harsh reality is that emotional struggles to this day continue to be stigmatized and shamed. The brain is an organ, and like any other physiological system it may require some fine tuning from time to time. Whether you or a loved one have been under the grips of anxiety, depression, difficulty sleeping, or simply sub-optimal functioning, we can have an open, honest discussion about whether medication is the right answer. Throughout my 15 years in psychiatry, I've had no greater joy than to see my patients improve. It's never too late to get help.
Patients very often say "I wish I had started my treatment years ago". The harsh reality is that emotional struggles to this day continue to be stigmatized and shamed. The brain is an organ, and like any other physiological system it may require some fine tuning from time to time. Whether you or a loved one have been under the grips of anxiety, depression, difficulty sleeping, or simply sub-optimal functioning, we can have an open, honest discussion about whether medication is the right answer. Throughout my 15 years in psychiatry, I've had no greater joy than to see my patients improve. It's never too late to get help.
(512) 675-6373 View (512) 675-6373
Photo of Shannon Stern, Counselor in Austin, TX
Shannon Stern
Counselor, LPC-S, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78703
Waitlist for new clients
Don't let TikTok be your only therapist. It's easy to fall into a rabbit hole trying to figure out "what's wrong" with us, when in reality, we just need to better understand our individual needs, limits, and desires. There's nothing wrong with you, I promise. Therapy can offer new tools, support, and accountability to find peace and understanding, and help you feel like yourself again. You don't have to figure it out alone. Whether you've been to therapy before or not, we can always benefit from added support and connection while navigating life's biggest stressors.
Don't let TikTok be your only therapist. It's easy to fall into a rabbit hole trying to figure out "what's wrong" with us, when in reality, we just need to better understand our individual needs, limits, and desires. There's nothing wrong with you, I promise. Therapy can offer new tools, support, and accountability to find peace and understanding, and help you feel like yourself again. You don't have to figure it out alone. Whether you've been to therapy before or not, we can always benefit from added support and connection while navigating life's biggest stressors.
(617) 231-9348 View (617) 231-9348
Photo of Barbara Koos, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Barbara Koos
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759  (Online Only)
Hi I'm Barbara! Are you struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, or another emotional disturbance? Are you having trouble functioning at work, in your relationships, or daily life in general? Well, you have come to the right place.
Hi I'm Barbara! Are you struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, or another emotional disturbance? Are you having trouble functioning at work, in your relationships, or daily life in general? Well, you have come to the right place.
(512) 859-7629 View (512) 859-7629
Photo of Charley (Rachel) Howard, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Charley (Rachel) Howard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, RYT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78704  (Online Only)
Our minds can be real asshats sometimes, and this often makes us sad, annoyed, frustrated, even down right depressive. Using a mindful, relational, somatic and holistic perspective with psychoeducation, humor and sometimes silliness, I will work collaboratively with you to help you discover the strengths that will allow you to overcome self-sabotaging behavior or any other inner obstacle, and to regain a sense of wholeness and meaning. I only offer telehealth services for the state of Texas and I don't accept insurance.
Our minds can be real asshats sometimes, and this often makes us sad, annoyed, frustrated, even down right depressive. Using a mindful, relational, somatic and holistic perspective with psychoeducation, humor and sometimes silliness, I will work collaboratively with you to help you discover the strengths that will allow you to overcome self-sabotaging behavior or any other inner obstacle, and to regain a sense of wholeness and meaning. I only offer telehealth services for the state of Texas and I don't accept insurance.
(512) 299-6282 View (512) 299-6282
Photo of Brittany Burrus, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Brittany Burrus
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78744  (Online Only)
Beginning therapy can be a challenging first step to making desired changes in life. My goal is to help you learn lifelong coping skills that are necessary for making these desired changes. Exploring thoughts and feelings, practicing self-reflection, gaining greater self-acceptance, and learning ways to improve communication are some techniques I incorporate into therapy. I utilize a combination of collaborative and integrative therapy to aid you on your journey of self-healing, changed behaviors, and personal growth. I work hard to make sure that the client feels safe and supported during this journey.
Beginning therapy can be a challenging first step to making desired changes in life. My goal is to help you learn lifelong coping skills that are necessary for making these desired changes. Exploring thoughts and feelings, practicing self-reflection, gaining greater self-acceptance, and learning ways to improve communication are some techniques I incorporate into therapy. I utilize a combination of collaborative and integrative therapy to aid you on your journey of self-healing, changed behaviors, and personal growth. I work hard to make sure that the client feels safe and supported during this journey.
(512) 379-5952 View (512) 379-5952
Photo of Julie Skylark, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Julie Skylark
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78729
I help people whose lives are in transition. You may feel anxious, depressed, confused or overwhelmed. No doubt you've faced adversity before and persevered, but it has taken its toll on you. You know or suspect that something is holding you back from living authentically and fully. If you are ready to begin to free yourself from outworn beliefs, manage anxiety, trust yourself, and achieve your work and life goals, I will walk with you on that journey.
I help people whose lives are in transition. You may feel anxious, depressed, confused or overwhelmed. No doubt you've faced adversity before and persevered, but it has taken its toll on you. You know or suspect that something is holding you back from living authentically and fully. If you are ready to begin to free yourself from outworn beliefs, manage anxiety, trust yourself, and achieve your work and life goals, I will walk with you on that journey.
(737) 258-9641 View (737) 258-9641
Photo of Jordan Rossi, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Jordan Rossi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78735  (Online Only)
Also offering in-person sessions starting June 1st. (4425 S Mopac Expy Building 2 Austin, TX 78735) - Life can be full of transitions which may be challenging and overwhelming to navigate. Especially for people who have experienced trauma or lost hope. I believe providing a safe environment and building trust can lead to positive change when navigating challenges. I offer a supportive, non-judgmental environment where anyone is welcome to freely express their thoughts and feelings. Every client’s situation is unique, and my aim is to meet clients where they’re at through a variety of therapeutic techniques.
Also offering in-person sessions starting June 1st. (4425 S Mopac Expy Building 2 Austin, TX 78735) - Life can be full of transitions which may be challenging and overwhelming to navigate. Especially for people who have experienced trauma or lost hope. I believe providing a safe environment and building trust can lead to positive change when navigating challenges. I offer a supportive, non-judgmental environment where anyone is welcome to freely express their thoughts and feelings. Every client’s situation is unique, and my aim is to meet clients where they’re at through a variety of therapeutic techniques.
(512) 812-7988 View (512) 812-7988
Photo of Deserah Telles | Emdr Therapy Intensives | Trauma Retreats, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Deserah Telles | Emdr Therapy Intensives | Trauma Retreats
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78704
Are you easily triggered or activated in life? Has your childhood trauma shown up in ways you and your loved ones struggle to understand or work through. Do you have unresolved emotions from abandonment, shame, or trauma? Do you desire to implement positive changes in your day to day. Maybe you encountered traumatic experiences throughout your adulthood that you could use assistance on processing and tools to implement positive coping skills leading to healing. If so, we're here to help you through that journey.
Are you easily triggered or activated in life? Has your childhood trauma shown up in ways you and your loved ones struggle to understand or work through. Do you have unresolved emotions from abandonment, shame, or trauma? Do you desire to implement positive changes in your day to day. Maybe you encountered traumatic experiences throughout your adulthood that you could use assistance on processing and tools to implement positive coping skills leading to healing. If so, we're here to help you through that journey.
(512) 894-8609 View (512) 894-8609
Photo of Hillary Eastman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Hillary Eastman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78750
Waitlist for new clients
I am passionate about empowering my clients in a warm, non-judgmental, safe space so that they can feel comfortable on their journey to achieve their goals and challenge negative thoughts along the way. I am an empathetic and supportive clinician, believing that everyone has the strength within them to tackle obstacles that present themselves.
I am passionate about empowering my clients in a warm, non-judgmental, safe space so that they can feel comfortable on their journey to achieve their goals and challenge negative thoughts along the way. I am an empathetic and supportive clinician, believing that everyone has the strength within them to tackle obstacles that present themselves.
(512) 855-2679 View (512) 855-2679
Photo of LaDawnya Hooks Gonzalez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
LaDawnya Hooks Gonzalez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78738
Do you feel isolated, scrutinized, and uncomfortable in your own skin? Does it take maximum effort to accomplish minor tasks? Do personal issues come between you and your professional goals? Have you experienced traumatic events that continue to weigh heavily on you long after the event has passed? You are not lazy, unmotivated, or unfocused. These may be symptoms of anxiety, depression, and unresolved trauma, including those caused by the repeated micro-aggressions experienced by sexual, gender, racial, and ethnic minorities. Yes, therapy can help.
Do you feel isolated, scrutinized, and uncomfortable in your own skin? Does it take maximum effort to accomplish minor tasks? Do personal issues come between you and your professional goals? Have you experienced traumatic events that continue to weigh heavily on you long after the event has passed? You are not lazy, unmotivated, or unfocused. These may be symptoms of anxiety, depression, and unresolved trauma, including those caused by the repeated micro-aggressions experienced by sexual, gender, racial, and ethnic minorities. Yes, therapy can help.
(512) 883-7274 View (512) 883-7274

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Austin, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Austin, TX who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
64% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Austin, TX see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Austin?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.