Therapists in Austin, TX

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Photo of Gary W. Hipps, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Gary W. Hipps
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78748
My goal is to assist individuals looking for help and guidance in what can be a very confusing mental health landscape. I provide counseling services for individuals as well as consultation/training services for businesses. Very often, my clients are looking for experience, relate-ability in conjunction with a diverse background to help them navigate the challenges they are facing. GSG Counseling, is a veteran-owned and operated business providing counseling, consulting and coaching services focusing on the betterment of individuals and organizations coping with an increasingly challenging environment.
My goal is to assist individuals looking for help and guidance in what can be a very confusing mental health landscape. I provide counseling services for individuals as well as consultation/training services for businesses. Very often, my clients are looking for experience, relate-ability in conjunction with a diverse background to help them navigate the challenges they are facing. GSG Counseling, is a veteran-owned and operated business providing counseling, consulting and coaching services focusing on the betterment of individuals and organizations coping with an increasingly challenging environment.
(512) 961-8706 View (512) 961-8706
Photo of Alicia Zappone Gostylo, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Austin, TX
Alicia Zappone Gostylo
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78757  (Online Only)
Are you highly sensitive, intelligent, complex, creative, spiritual, lonely, or misunderstood? Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, intense emotions, overthinking, loss and grief, or a deep need for meaning and purpose, I will help you navigate these complexities with compassion and expertise. I am experienced holding space for people navigating religious trauma, spiritual abuse, and adverse religious experiences. I will help you bridge the gap between spirituality and religion involving ways to reconcile and integrate spiritual beliefs and practices with the organized structures and traditions of religious faiths.
Are you highly sensitive, intelligent, complex, creative, spiritual, lonely, or misunderstood? Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, intense emotions, overthinking, loss and grief, or a deep need for meaning and purpose, I will help you navigate these complexities with compassion and expertise. I am experienced holding space for people navigating religious trauma, spiritual abuse, and adverse religious experiences. I will help you bridge the gap between spirituality and religion involving ways to reconcile and integrate spiritual beliefs and practices with the organized structures and traditions of religious faiths.
(737) 758-3611 View (737) 758-3611
Photo of Kelly Pedersen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Kelly Pedersen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78747  (Online Only)
Ready to roll up your sleeves and make a transformative shift in your life? Acknowledging that our personal history often obscures rather than informs who we are, Kelly specializes in redefining perception: assisting individuals with trauma recovery & couples with intimacy-rebuilding with insight and useful techniques for bypassing roadblocks. She helps people hone their anger management skills and address the flip side of the coin: initiating the healing process after someone has endured physical, emotional, or sexual abuse.
Ready to roll up your sleeves and make a transformative shift in your life? Acknowledging that our personal history often obscures rather than informs who we are, Kelly specializes in redefining perception: assisting individuals with trauma recovery & couples with intimacy-rebuilding with insight and useful techniques for bypassing roadblocks. She helps people hone their anger management skills and address the flip side of the coin: initiating the healing process after someone has endured physical, emotional, or sexual abuse.
(512) 842-4976 View (512) 842-4976
Photo of Catherine Lee, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Austin, TX
Catherine Lee
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746
Hi there and welcome! Therapy is quite the journey and I would be honored to be part of yours. It takes courage, time, and personal investment to embark on this journey and my goal is to provide quality, research-based approaches to helping you live a more fulfilling life! I work with people of all ages and backgrounds. While in graduate school at St. Edward's University, I had the opportunity to intern at Austin State Hospital working with chronic mental illness. I have worked with clients from age 5-70 with a variety of needs.
Hi there and welcome! Therapy is quite the journey and I would be honored to be part of yours. It takes courage, time, and personal investment to embark on this journey and my goal is to provide quality, research-based approaches to helping you live a more fulfilling life! I work with people of all ages and backgrounds. While in graduate school at St. Edward's University, I had the opportunity to intern at Austin State Hospital working with chronic mental illness. I have worked with clients from age 5-70 with a variety of needs.
(737) 758-3500 View (737) 758-3500
Photo of Lori Wright, Psychologist in Austin, TX
Lori Wright
Psychologist, PhD, CBIS
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78749  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Maya Angelou once said "Try to be a rainbow in someone else's cloud." When conducting psychotherapy or neuro-psychological testing, my mission is to provide a warm and caring environment and to see the complete person so that you leave feeling like you have been heard. As a trained neuropsychologist I understand neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as attention and learning difficulties and how they affect abilities.
Maya Angelou once said "Try to be a rainbow in someone else's cloud." When conducting psychotherapy or neuro-psychological testing, my mission is to provide a warm and caring environment and to see the complete person so that you leave feeling like you have been heard. As a trained neuropsychologist I understand neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as attention and learning difficulties and how they affect abilities.
(512) 607-9954 View (512) 607-9954
Photo of Firefly Therapy Austin, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Firefly Therapy Austin, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Are you feeling stuck in the same old patterns in your life and ready for a change? Maybe you're feeling the weight of anxiety, depression, grief, or trauma and could use a hand in healing the past to experience freedom from it in the future. Have you noticed you keep getting into the same types of relationship challenges? It is normal for people to feel conflicted and get in our own way - it's part of being human! And we often need someone outside ourselves, friends, and family to help sort through the nitty-gritty thoughts, feelings, and fears. You don't have to face these issues alone.
Are you feeling stuck in the same old patterns in your life and ready for a change? Maybe you're feeling the weight of anxiety, depression, grief, or trauma and could use a hand in healing the past to experience freedom from it in the future. Have you noticed you keep getting into the same types of relationship challenges? It is normal for people to feel conflicted and get in our own way - it's part of being human! And we often need someone outside ourselves, friends, and family to help sort through the nitty-gritty thoughts, feelings, and fears. You don't have to face these issues alone.
(737) 210-3441 View (737) 210-3441
Photo of Eden Stone, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Eden Stone
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78705
Ditch survival mode, reclaim your life. My clients struggle as you do. Despite being smart, determined, and kind, life is hard. When they first come in, they experience thoughts and emotions as too intense. They have trouble living in the moment and feel as though anxiety and worry have taken over their lives. While they're great at making people feel good, they struggle to do the same for themselves. Before therapy, my clients felt guilt and shame for struggling. Other people seem to have it all together, why can’t they? The pressure they put on themselves was pervasive. They felt exhausted trying to manage everything on their own.
Ditch survival mode, reclaim your life. My clients struggle as you do. Despite being smart, determined, and kind, life is hard. When they first come in, they experience thoughts and emotions as too intense. They have trouble living in the moment and feel as though anxiety and worry have taken over their lives. While they're great at making people feel good, they struggle to do the same for themselves. Before therapy, my clients felt guilt and shame for struggling. Other people seem to have it all together, why can’t they? The pressure they put on themselves was pervasive. They felt exhausted trying to manage everything on their own.
(512) 399-8396 x74 View (512) 399-8396 x74
Photo of Barbara Nadalini Priesnitz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Barbara Nadalini Priesnitz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78731
Not accepting new clients
Not currently accepting new clients. Self-acceptance and self-love are fundamentally difficult, and universally important. I believe your sub-conscious self and your higher self hold the keys to your truth and your growth. My job is to help you develop a better, more trusting and more loving relationship with those parts of you. Relationships with loved ones, coworkers or others can also be challenged by these issues of self-acceptance and self-love, in yourself or the person you're relating to. Whether you are working on yourself or your relationships, therapy can help.
Not currently accepting new clients. Self-acceptance and self-love are fundamentally difficult, and universally important. I believe your sub-conscious self and your higher self hold the keys to your truth and your growth. My job is to help you develop a better, more trusting and more loving relationship with those parts of you. Relationships with loved ones, coworkers or others can also be challenged by these issues of self-acceptance and self-love, in yourself or the person you're relating to. Whether you are working on yourself or your relationships, therapy can help.
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Photo of Ann Marie Glick, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Ann Marie Glick
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA , LMFT-S, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Today we have 6 generations of people looking for Love and Emotional Connection. I love working with couples. With 12 years experience at Psychiatric hospitals and 20 yrs in private practice, I am excited to teach couples creative skills and resources to change and grow healthy relationships. We take inventory of relationship needs, learn and practice effective communication skills to manage stress with intimacy, family, career and parenting. I Teach the Tools to forgive resentments and negotiate effectively. I use Research based tx modalities, Gottman, Genogram, Imago Tx, Mindfulness, Meditation, CBT and DBT. Spanish Speaking.
Today we have 6 generations of people looking for Love and Emotional Connection. I love working with couples. With 12 years experience at Psychiatric hospitals and 20 yrs in private practice, I am excited to teach couples creative skills and resources to change and grow healthy relationships. We take inventory of relationship needs, learn and practice effective communication skills to manage stress with intimacy, family, career and parenting. I Teach the Tools to forgive resentments and negotiate effectively. I use Research based tx modalities, Gottman, Genogram, Imago Tx, Mindfulness, Meditation, CBT and DBT. Spanish Speaking.
(512) 790-6930 View (512) 790-6930
Photo of Jennifer Spradley Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Jennifer Spradley Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
I believe that we all have the strengths necessary to shift thoughts, feelings and behaviors in order to meet our full potential, and I enjoy helping people on their journey of self-awareness, healing, and empowerment. I approach therapy with compassion and great respect for my clients, and am able to help people identify and access their personal strengths necessary to overcome challenges so that they can live a more satisfying life.
I believe that we all have the strengths necessary to shift thoughts, feelings and behaviors in order to meet our full potential, and I enjoy helping people on their journey of self-awareness, healing, and empowerment. I approach therapy with compassion and great respect for my clients, and am able to help people identify and access their personal strengths necessary to overcome challenges so that they can live a more satisfying life.
(512) 523-5696 View (512) 523-5696
Photo of Ian Christopher Hammonds, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Ian Christopher Hammonds
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746
If you are experiencing difficulty in communicating with those who matter most to you, you’ve come to the right place. I will provide you with a safe space and a non-judgmental environment. Regardless of how new or old these painful experiences are, I am here to help you and assure quality treatment so that your journey through life will be lighter and a more positive experience. I enjoy working with clients experiencing addiction, shame, grief, trauma, and familial abuse, families coping with new or existing illness, and clients in substance abuse recovery.
If you are experiencing difficulty in communicating with those who matter most to you, you’ve come to the right place. I will provide you with a safe space and a non-judgmental environment. Regardless of how new or old these painful experiences are, I am here to help you and assure quality treatment so that your journey through life will be lighter and a more positive experience. I enjoy working with clients experiencing addiction, shame, grief, trauma, and familial abuse, families coping with new or existing illness, and clients in substance abuse recovery.
(512) 661-0735 View (512) 661-0735
Photo of Alexander Zesati (Bilingual), Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Alexander Zesati (Bilingual)
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
Would you like to embark on a deep exploration of what is most alive in you? I offer a psychotherapy process that includes body, mind and soul. Perhaps you are ready to finally move beyond the habits, patterns and addictions that keep you bound within a limited version of yourself. Let's resolve what is getting in the way. Maybe you need to grieve a loss or gain freedom from a traumatic experience that still impacts your day to day. I can help you. Or maybe you are ready to step more fully into your power and leadership. It's time.
Would you like to embark on a deep exploration of what is most alive in you? I offer a psychotherapy process that includes body, mind and soul. Perhaps you are ready to finally move beyond the habits, patterns and addictions that keep you bound within a limited version of yourself. Let's resolve what is getting in the way. Maybe you need to grieve a loss or gain freedom from a traumatic experience that still impacts your day to day. I can help you. Or maybe you are ready to step more fully into your power and leadership. It's time.
(512) 562-9125 View (512) 562-9125
Photo of Carl Coccaro, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Carl Coccaro
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCDC, NCC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78736
My focus is on meeting the client from a holistic and integrative approach to therapy. There are many avenues to find motivation to achieve optimal health, as well as maintaining gains through recovery efforts. I find great passion in assisting the client to find their true sense of self (authentic self) through self-actualization, which includes self-image, self-esteem, and the ideal self. There's also a desire for positivity and purpose, healthy balanced thoughts, grounding and breathing through mindfulness, replacement of negative behaviors for positive, identifying strengths/solutions, and rewriting the story of their lives.
My focus is on meeting the client from a holistic and integrative approach to therapy. There are many avenues to find motivation to achieve optimal health, as well as maintaining gains through recovery efforts. I find great passion in assisting the client to find their true sense of self (authentic self) through self-actualization, which includes self-image, self-esteem, and the ideal self. There's also a desire for positivity and purpose, healthy balanced thoughts, grounding and breathing through mindfulness, replacement of negative behaviors for positive, identifying strengths/solutions, and rewriting the story of their lives.
(512) 270-7112 View (512) 270-7112
Photo of Kimber Achorn in Austin, TX
Kimber Achorn
LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Are your relationships unsatisfactory? Do you find it hard to express, or even be, yourself with your loved ones? Is it you? Is it them? We all need a safe space to be able to work through: relationship challenges, painful experiences, and to uncover unknown truths about ourselves.
Are your relationships unsatisfactory? Do you find it hard to express, or even be, yourself with your loved ones? Is it you? Is it them? We all need a safe space to be able to work through: relationship challenges, painful experiences, and to uncover unknown truths about ourselves.
(512) 488-1529 View (512) 488-1529
Photo of Bruno Gabriel Lepore, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Bruno Gabriel Lepore
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759
My name is Bruno Lepore, MA, LPCS. I am a psychotherapist with a Master’s degree in Clinical Psychology, a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Mediator, and a Certified Critical Incident Debriefing facilitator. I am trained to use a variety of compassionate and empirically validated interventions, including EMDR, Internal Family System, hypnosis, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and acceptance commitment therapy. These modalities are proven to help patients cope with a variety of problems and crises. My approach to treatment is collaborative, solution-oriented, and interactive.
My name is Bruno Lepore, MA, LPCS. I am a psychotherapist with a Master’s degree in Clinical Psychology, a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Mediator, and a Certified Critical Incident Debriefing facilitator. I am trained to use a variety of compassionate and empirically validated interventions, including EMDR, Internal Family System, hypnosis, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and acceptance commitment therapy. These modalities are proven to help patients cope with a variety of problems and crises. My approach to treatment is collaborative, solution-oriented, and interactive.
(512) 400-2038 View (512) 400-2038
Photo of Jeneke Lesak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Jeneke Lesak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78745
Whether you are new to the therapy world or already familiar with the benefits, therapy can be a next step on the path toward self-discovery and a more fulfilling life. I offer a space for those who have experienced trauma and difficult life circumstances by providing an outside perspective to help identify patterns, process unresolved issues and recognize potential. I have a passion for supporting people as they work through challenging experiences, and am committed to be a guide along the way.
Whether you are new to the therapy world or already familiar with the benefits, therapy can be a next step on the path toward self-discovery and a more fulfilling life. I offer a space for those who have experienced trauma and difficult life circumstances by providing an outside perspective to help identify patterns, process unresolved issues and recognize potential. I have a passion for supporting people as they work through challenging experiences, and am committed to be a guide along the way.
(512) 842-4689 View (512) 842-4689
Photo of Amie Reed Skwiat, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Amie Reed Skwiat
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78738
Not accepting new clients
***Unable to take on new clients at this time.*** If you are having a hard time finding your identity, you struggle with feelings of anxiety or depression, and/or you find yourself addicted to something that may not be very healthy... I completely understand the feeling...I've been there too. Those who have not been on "that side of the line" have a hard time understanding what it feels like. I am here to help.
***Unable to take on new clients at this time.*** If you are having a hard time finding your identity, you struggle with feelings of anxiety or depression, and/or you find yourself addicted to something that may not be very healthy... I completely understand the feeling...I've been there too. Those who have not been on "that side of the line" have a hard time understanding what it feels like. I am here to help.
(512) 549-6152 View (512) 549-6152
Photo of Dr. Shannon Stavinoha, Psychologist in Austin, TX
Dr. Shannon Stavinoha
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78738
Currently Accepting New Clients. I work with people from a variety of different backgrounds and across a broad range of human experiences. I enjoy helping clients find meaning, strength, and growth after surviving difficult, painful, and traumatic experiences. I enjoy working with adults and emerging adults. I feel grateful that I get to play a part in the lives of the clients I work with and share in their experiences.
Currently Accepting New Clients. I work with people from a variety of different backgrounds and across a broad range of human experiences. I enjoy helping clients find meaning, strength, and growth after surviving difficult, painful, and traumatic experiences. I enjoy working with adults and emerging adults. I feel grateful that I get to play a part in the lives of the clients I work with and share in their experiences.
(512) 643-6586 View (512) 643-6586
Photo of Rhea Pledger, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Rhea Pledger
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CGP
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78731
Most people I work with want help connecting with others more deeply. Some want help with depression or anxiety. And others want help identifying and meeting some needs in life, love, or work. With over 15 years of experience, I specialize in working with people who want to improve their relationships with others, increase their emotional communication, and identify their needs in life.  I bring a natural curiosity as well as empathy and compassion when helping you work through some of the barriers that may get in the way of you reaching your goals.
Most people I work with want help connecting with others more deeply. Some want help with depression or anxiety. And others want help identifying and meeting some needs in life, love, or work. With over 15 years of experience, I specialize in working with people who want to improve their relationships with others, increase their emotional communication, and identify their needs in life.  I bring a natural curiosity as well as empathy and compassion when helping you work through some of the barriers that may get in the way of you reaching your goals.
(512) 649-0184 View (512) 649-0184
Photo of Ryan Warner, Psychologist in Austin, TX
Ryan Warner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78704  (Online Only)
I am passionate about working with diverse individuals who want to find more fulfillment and purpose in their life. Within treatment, I actively support my clients to "dive deeper" so that they can shift their behaviors and perspectives to not just survive, but thrive through their challenges.
I am passionate about working with diverse individuals who want to find more fulfillment and purpose in their life. Within treatment, I actively support my clients to "dive deeper" so that they can shift their behaviors and perspectives to not just survive, but thrive through their challenges.
(512) 798-0296 View (512) 798-0296

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Austin, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Austin, TX who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
64% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Austin, TX see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Austin?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.