Therapists in Memphis, TN

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Photo of Lee Forbes-Belue, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
Lee Forbes-Belue
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38104
We often come to a crossroads in our lives, a time when staying where we are is no longer sustainable, yet we are not clear on how to do something different, or how to start down a new path. Many of us learned early on to only show aspects of ourselves that were “acceptable;” we learned which traits earned us love and cultivated those, but relinquished many others. Healing is a journey back to ourselves, a journey back our essence and back to who we were before we learned we were not enough.
We often come to a crossroads in our lives, a time when staying where we are is no longer sustainable, yet we are not clear on how to do something different, or how to start down a new path. Many of us learned early on to only show aspects of ourselves that were “acceptable;” we learned which traits earned us love and cultivated those, but relinquished many others. Healing is a journey back to ourselves, a journey back our essence and back to who we were before we learned we were not enough.
(901) 446-2428 View (901) 446-2428
Photo of Laura Tanenbaum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Laura Tanenbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38117
I am committed to helping my clients build resilience and work towards resolution and healing. I understand that mental health is a unique and personal journey for each individual, and I use a variety of modalities to create the best approach for each client. I believe in validation and curiosity in my therapeutic approach, while also helping my clients to do hard things and challenge themselves to create a more joyful and meaningful life. I work with adults, teens, children, and families, and have experience in helping individuals navigate a range of mental health concerns.
I am committed to helping my clients build resilience and work towards resolution and healing. I understand that mental health is a unique and personal journey for each individual, and I use a variety of modalities to create the best approach for each client. I believe in validation and curiosity in my therapeutic approach, while also helping my clients to do hard things and challenge themselves to create a more joyful and meaningful life. I work with adults, teens, children, and families, and have experience in helping individuals navigate a range of mental health concerns.
(901) 643-7415 View (901) 643-7415
Photo of Paul M Dunaway, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Paul M Dunaway
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, MHSP, CCMHC, CRC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38119
Change can be a difficult thing to accomplish on your own when the methods you have tried in the past have been unsuccessful. Sometimes it requires someone asking the hard questions that you have avoided or the questions you didn't know to ask yourself. If you are looking to make positive changes in your life then it may be time to enlist the help of a licensed counselor.
Change can be a difficult thing to accomplish on your own when the methods you have tried in the past have been unsuccessful. Sometimes it requires someone asking the hard questions that you have avoided or the questions you didn't know to ask yourself. If you are looking to make positive changes in your life then it may be time to enlist the help of a licensed counselor.
(901) 446-2914 View (901) 446-2914
Comprehensive Professional Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPCMHSP, LAPSW, LCPT, DBCTS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38104  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have over twenty-five years in the mental health profession. I have worked in a variety of positions providing alcohol and drug counseling, marital and family therapy, individual therapy for children, adolescents and adults. I have been employed with some of the major mental health centers in Memphis and Shelby County such as Northeast Community Mental Health Center, Midtown Mental Health Center and Southwest Mental Health Center. I specialize in working with marital issues, relationships issues, children and adolescents disorders, Trauma issues, occupational problems, and other major life issues.
I have over twenty-five years in the mental health profession. I have worked in a variety of positions providing alcohol and drug counseling, marital and family therapy, individual therapy for children, adolescents and adults. I have been employed with some of the major mental health centers in Memphis and Shelby County such as Northeast Community Mental Health Center, Midtown Mental Health Center and Southwest Mental Health Center. I specialize in working with marital issues, relationships issues, children and adolescents disorders, Trauma issues, occupational problems, and other major life issues.
(901) 403-6750 View (901) 403-6750
Photo of Dr. Chanda Dunn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Dr. Chanda Dunn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38117
If you are feeling stuck, stressed, anxious, sad, avoidant, unmotivated, distracted, or generally discontent with yourself, relationship, or the circles around you, then you may be experiencing difficulty navigating this stage of life. My passion is helping individuals with anxiety, depression, and relationship issues. I have multiple years of professional and private practice experience helping teens, adults, and older adults navigate emotional difficulties and traumatic periods. I have extensive experience supporting anxiety & depression, parenting, self-worth, stress management/self-care, life transitions, and trauma/PTSD.
If you are feeling stuck, stressed, anxious, sad, avoidant, unmotivated, distracted, or generally discontent with yourself, relationship, or the circles around you, then you may be experiencing difficulty navigating this stage of life. My passion is helping individuals with anxiety, depression, and relationship issues. I have multiple years of professional and private practice experience helping teens, adults, and older adults navigate emotional difficulties and traumatic periods. I have extensive experience supporting anxiety & depression, parenting, self-worth, stress management/self-care, life transitions, and trauma/PTSD.
(901) 699-4954 View (901) 699-4954
Photo of Kristen M Cofield, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Kristen M Cofield
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, NCC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38117
Not accepting new clients
My goal is to empower my clients to lead full, integrated, self-led lives. Together we will focus not only on behavior change and symptom reduction, but also on compassionately addressing and resolving the underlying factors and beliefs that drive coping responses into extremity. Through an integrated approach rooted in the Internal Family Systems model, I help clients to heal their attachment wounds and take ownership of their identity formation. Clients leave my office with better coping skills, a deeper understanding and connection to Self, and a renewed sense of purpose and empowerment.
My goal is to empower my clients to lead full, integrated, self-led lives. Together we will focus not only on behavior change and symptom reduction, but also on compassionately addressing and resolving the underlying factors and beliefs that drive coping responses into extremity. Through an integrated approach rooted in the Internal Family Systems model, I help clients to heal their attachment wounds and take ownership of their identity formation. Clients leave my office with better coping skills, a deeper understanding and connection to Self, and a renewed sense of purpose and empowerment.
(901) 979-9854 View (901) 979-9854
Photo of Maya M Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Maya M Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, ICST, LPC, MHSP, temp
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I am a National Board Certified Mental Health Counselor under supervision. I have been practicing as a therapist for about 5 years. I hold a master's in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a certification in International Sandtray therapy. I assist individuals who are looking to improve self-esteem, manage depression and anxiety, utilize coping strategies, and guide adolescents and adults through healing the mind and body.
Welcome! I am a National Board Certified Mental Health Counselor under supervision. I have been practicing as a therapist for about 5 years. I hold a master's in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a certification in International Sandtray therapy. I assist individuals who are looking to improve self-esteem, manage depression and anxiety, utilize coping strategies, and guide adolescents and adults through healing the mind and body.
(901) 519-2814 View (901) 519-2814
Photo of Jermaine Shorter, Counselor in Memphis, TN
Jermaine Shorter
Counselor, LPC, MHSP, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38119
I aim to create an environment that helps people feel comfortable working through issues, without fear of judgment or bias. The ideal client for me is the one that is seriously pursuing their own health and healing. While that looks different for everyone, it is something all clients must do at some point during treatment.
I aim to create an environment that helps people feel comfortable working through issues, without fear of judgment or bias. The ideal client for me is the one that is seriously pursuing their own health and healing. While that looks different for everyone, it is something all clients must do at some point during treatment.
(901) 660-3676 View (901) 660-3676
Photo of Fredrick Gillam Jr., Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Fredrick Gillam Jr.
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38119
Challenges are a part of life. When challenges cause grief, trauma, excessive stress, sadness, anxiety, and or unmanaged anger, counseling can be an affective tool to help get you through it. If you are looking to improve your mood, build self esteem, strenghthen relationship(s), or work through problems in school or at work, Aesthetic Life Counseling Services is the resource for you.
Challenges are a part of life. When challenges cause grief, trauma, excessive stress, sadness, anxiety, and or unmanaged anger, counseling can be an affective tool to help get you through it. If you are looking to improve your mood, build self esteem, strenghthen relationship(s), or work through problems in school or at work, Aesthetic Life Counseling Services is the resource for you.
(901) 877-2469 View (901) 877-2469
Photo of Brandi Taylor, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Brandi Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38112  (Online Only)
I don't believe in the one size fits all treatment plan. I believe with challenge comes change. Facing the worst experiences of our lives or the worst parts of ourselves can seem almost impossible or unbearable. You don't have to carry the burden of your traumas. I believe in empowering my clients. We will work to together to create goals to become the best version of yourself. My personality is very laid back and I curse when I am passionate but it is always with love. I will always be honest and call you out when needed but I will also support you and cheer you on when your goals and show up for yourself.
I don't believe in the one size fits all treatment plan. I believe with challenge comes change. Facing the worst experiences of our lives or the worst parts of ourselves can seem almost impossible or unbearable. You don't have to carry the burden of your traumas. I believe in empowering my clients. We will work to together to create goals to become the best version of yourself. My personality is very laid back and I curse when I am passionate but it is always with love. I will always be honest and call you out when needed but I will also support you and cheer you on when your goals and show up for yourself.
(901) 582-5669 View (901) 582-5669
Photo of Shelby Shaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Shelby Shaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
Welcome! I am attachment-based and skilled with trauma-informed interventions such Internal Family Systems (IFS) and EMDR. Though I am well versed in wide variety of issues, my heart aligns with survivors of sexual trauma, domestic violence, and clients struggling with eating disorders. I have worked at a women's shelter for domestic and sexual violence, and I have 4+ years of experience working with eating disorders at the residential and outpatient levels of care.
Welcome! I am attachment-based and skilled with trauma-informed interventions such Internal Family Systems (IFS) and EMDR. Though I am well versed in wide variety of issues, my heart aligns with survivors of sexual trauma, domestic violence, and clients struggling with eating disorders. I have worked at a women's shelter for domestic and sexual violence, and I have 4+ years of experience working with eating disorders at the residential and outpatient levels of care.
(901) 621-3564 View (901) 621-3564
Photo of Shaundra Bills Hardaway, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Shaundra Bills Hardaway
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, S
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38104  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Making the decision to seek counseling can be a tough one for many. Therapy is a process where you can learn, grow, and heal in ways you did not expect. Do you feel you struggle to be your true authentic self in the spaces that you occupy? Finding it hard to create and maintain boundaries with those closest to you? Maybe your own thoughts and feelings of stress and anxiety are hindering you from reaching what you feel is your full potential? My goal, as your therapist, is to help guide you through this process of self-discovery and healing.
Making the decision to seek counseling can be a tough one for many. Therapy is a process where you can learn, grow, and heal in ways you did not expect. Do you feel you struggle to be your true authentic self in the spaces that you occupy? Finding it hard to create and maintain boundaries with those closest to you? Maybe your own thoughts and feelings of stress and anxiety are hindering you from reaching what you feel is your full potential? My goal, as your therapist, is to help guide you through this process of self-discovery and healing.
(901) 459-3391 View (901) 459-3391
Photo of Jasmine A Sullivan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Jasmine A Sullivan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38117
Sometimes life just gets messy. I enjoy supporting both minors and adults in finding self compassion and growth while experiencing the uncomfortable. In sessions together, we can learn to do this by navigating trauma responses, depression, anxiety, life transitions, suicidal thoughts, relationships, body-image challanges, disordered eating, behavioral issues, and stress. Through both doing my own work and spending time with clients, I wholeheartedly feel we can find so much healing by getting curious about our emotions and greeting whatever arises with kindness, respect, and a bit of humor
Sometimes life just gets messy. I enjoy supporting both minors and adults in finding self compassion and growth while experiencing the uncomfortable. In sessions together, we can learn to do this by navigating trauma responses, depression, anxiety, life transitions, suicidal thoughts, relationships, body-image challanges, disordered eating, behavioral issues, and stress. Through both doing my own work and spending time with clients, I wholeheartedly feel we can find so much healing by getting curious about our emotions and greeting whatever arises with kindness, respect, and a bit of humor
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Photo of Ashley Higginbottom, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Ashley Higginbottom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38104  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Reaching out to begin therapy is the first step in your journey to mental wellness and it is something to be acknowledged and appreciated. I strive to provide a safe, nonjudgmental, and unbiased space for clients to explore feelings, vent frustrations, and heal. I enjoy working with clients on making self love a priority, discovering one’s true self, setting boundaries, creating healthy attachments, and forming effective communication skills. I have experience working with clients diagnosed with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and adjustment disorder.
Reaching out to begin therapy is the first step in your journey to mental wellness and it is something to be acknowledged and appreciated. I strive to provide a safe, nonjudgmental, and unbiased space for clients to explore feelings, vent frustrations, and heal. I enjoy working with clients on making self love a priority, discovering one’s true self, setting boundaries, creating healthy attachments, and forming effective communication skills. I have experience working with clients diagnosed with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and adjustment disorder.
(901) 390-5625 View (901) 390-5625
Photo of Marie Blunt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Marie Blunt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38103  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
There are challenges we must overcome in day-to-day life. It can be overwhelming and difficult to navigate these circumstances. My desire as a therapist is to provide a safe, supportive environment where clients can come, be heard, and collaborate to process those challenges. Whether your life has been impacted by trauma, mental illness, transitions, or stressful situations we can work together to help you live a focused, purposeful, and fulfilling life.
There are challenges we must overcome in day-to-day life. It can be overwhelming and difficult to navigate these circumstances. My desire as a therapist is to provide a safe, supportive environment where clients can come, be heard, and collaborate to process those challenges. Whether your life has been impacted by trauma, mental illness, transitions, or stressful situations we can work together to help you live a focused, purposeful, and fulfilling life.
(901) 586-0978 View (901) 586-0978
Photo of Liz Turnbull, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
Liz Turnbull
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
Life is can be difficult at times. I believe that the way we think, feel, and act impacts our ability to view any situation clearly. The way we talk about ourselves, to ourselves, and to others also plays a role in navigating life's many challenges. I hope to come alongside you to support, encourage, and advocate for you by standing in the gap and be a constant in your storm.
Life is can be difficult at times. I believe that the way we think, feel, and act impacts our ability to view any situation clearly. The way we talk about ourselves, to ourselves, and to others also plays a role in navigating life's many challenges. I hope to come alongside you to support, encourage, and advocate for you by standing in the gap and be a constant in your storm.
(901) 554-4032 View (901) 554-4032
Photo of Valerie Shaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Valerie Shaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38119
I strive to create a caring and non-judgmental environment for all clients. I look forward to assisting people of any cultural background, belief system, gender or sexual orientation. My therapeutic approach is strength-based and mindfulness-centered. I utilize various, evidenced-based models that best fit the preferences and personal goals of the person seeking treatment. I primarily work with adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship problems, childhood issues and chronic stress. Initial emails and calls will go directly to the Intake Coordinator who will set your first appointment with me.
I strive to create a caring and non-judgmental environment for all clients. I look forward to assisting people of any cultural background, belief system, gender or sexual orientation. My therapeutic approach is strength-based and mindfulness-centered. I utilize various, evidenced-based models that best fit the preferences and personal goals of the person seeking treatment. I primarily work with adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship problems, childhood issues and chronic stress. Initial emails and calls will go directly to the Intake Coordinator who will set your first appointment with me.
(901) 531-9069 View (901) 531-9069
Photo of Montoyia D McGowan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Montoyia D McGowan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38104
Are you the one in your family/circle who has "made it" and now you have become the exhausted rescuer for the people you care about? Are there relationships in your present or past that need to be put to rest so they can stop showing up in your thought life? Have you realized some emotional triggers but not sure what to do next? Are you tired of feeling emotionally overwhelmed? Wouldn't it help to have a place you can go to process how to create healthier expectations? Would it help to have a confidential place to figure out how to work through stress without having to babysit someone else's response?
Are you the one in your family/circle who has "made it" and now you have become the exhausted rescuer for the people you care about? Are there relationships in your present or past that need to be put to rest so they can stop showing up in your thought life? Have you realized some emotional triggers but not sure what to do next? Are you tired of feeling emotionally overwhelmed? Wouldn't it help to have a place you can go to process how to create healthier expectations? Would it help to have a confidential place to figure out how to work through stress without having to babysit someone else's response?
(901) 622-1281 View (901) 622-1281
Photo of Rebekah Barrom, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Rebekah Barrom
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
Are you angry? Angry with everyone, angry with life, even angry with God? Do you feel disillusioned about life and distrustful of others? Did you know that these are classic hallmarks of post-traumatic stress disorder? After surviving a traumatic event, many people experience all of these things and more, which can disrupt every aspect of life. I hope it will encourage you to know that all of these reactions to trauma are completely normal and treatable.
Are you angry? Angry with everyone, angry with life, even angry with God? Do you feel disillusioned about life and distrustful of others? Did you know that these are classic hallmarks of post-traumatic stress disorder? After surviving a traumatic event, many people experience all of these things and more, which can disrupt every aspect of life. I hope it will encourage you to know that all of these reactions to trauma are completely normal and treatable.
(901) 599-2868 View (901) 599-2868
Photo of Angela Rusk, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Angela Rusk
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMFT, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38117  (Online Only)
Life gets messy sometimes. Whether it be due to trauma, a conflictual relationship, or even our own feelings that seem to come out of nowhere, there are times when we find ourselves "stuck" and wondering why we can't seem to manage at our full potential. The good news is that real and lasting change is possible. In my over fifteen years of experience, I have seen individuals and families heal, grow, and thrive at a level that surprised even themselves. If the hard stuff in life is seeming heavy, I would love to come alongside you to help you create a path to reaching your goals.
Life gets messy sometimes. Whether it be due to trauma, a conflictual relationship, or even our own feelings that seem to come out of nowhere, there are times when we find ourselves "stuck" and wondering why we can't seem to manage at our full potential. The good news is that real and lasting change is possible. In my over fifteen years of experience, I have seen individuals and families heal, grow, and thrive at a level that surprised even themselves. If the hard stuff in life is seeming heavy, I would love to come alongside you to help you create a path to reaching your goals.
(901) 673-3816 View (901) 673-3816

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Memphis, TN

500+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Memphis, TN who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Cigna and Evernorth
69% Aetna
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Memphis, TN see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Memphis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.