Therapists in Syracuse, NY

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Photo of Renee Kelley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Renee Kelley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13207  (Online Only)
Making the decision to reach out for support can be challenging and overwhelming, but connecting with someone shouldn't be. Whether your struggling with daily life stressors, life transitions or challenging family dynamics, I'm here to help! Creating a safe space in our sessions will be integral to our work together. Collaboratively we will set goals that align with what you want for yourself in the future. We will then utilize curiosity, care and occasionally humor to work towards your goals and decide what treatment approach is best to get you there. You're in the drivers seat and I'm holding the roadmap to help get you there!
Making the decision to reach out for support can be challenging and overwhelming, but connecting with someone shouldn't be. Whether your struggling with daily life stressors, life transitions or challenging family dynamics, I'm here to help! Creating a safe space in our sessions will be integral to our work together. Collaboratively we will set goals that align with what you want for yourself in the future. We will then utilize curiosity, care and occasionally humor to work towards your goals and decide what treatment approach is best to get you there. You're in the drivers seat and I'm holding the roadmap to help get you there!
(315) 979-8645 View (315) 979-8645
Photo of Gina M Corona, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Gina M Corona
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13203  (Online Only)
Gina Corona has been a practicing clinical social worker and therapist for close to 30 years working with children and their families, to identify and conceptualize strengths and challenges, and provide real direction and solutions. My clients are ages 5 to young adult, experiencing biological or situational life challenges, that prevent them from being their best selves. Through our work together, we will find the best solution.
Gina Corona has been a practicing clinical social worker and therapist for close to 30 years working with children and their families, to identify and conceptualize strengths and challenges, and provide real direction and solutions. My clients are ages 5 to young adult, experiencing biological or situational life challenges, that prevent them from being their best selves. Through our work together, we will find the best solution.
(680) 206-2158 View (680) 206-2158
Photo of Laura Stumhofer in Syracuse, NY
Laura Stumhofer
LPMFT
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13214
I am a psychotherapist practicing in Syracuse, New York. I work with a range of clients and specialize in helping adolescents seek self-discovery and assisting couples to improve connection, communication, and find sexual fulfillment in their relationships. Through personal growth, my clients are able to express their needs, become better partners, and create more fulfilling relationships.
I am a psychotherapist practicing in Syracuse, New York. I work with a range of clients and specialize in helping adolescents seek self-discovery and assisting couples to improve connection, communication, and find sexual fulfillment in their relationships. Through personal growth, my clients are able to express their needs, become better partners, and create more fulfilling relationships.
(315) 902-9629 View (315) 902-9629
Photo of Paul F Pickett, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
Paul F Pickett
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13203
I have been working with individuals, couples, and families for 36 years. Despite all of your efforts to change your life you may still find yourself unhappy, discouraged, or lost. We often develop ways to distance ourselves from our emotional pain. While these strategies can undoubtedly provide temporary relief, they never address the origin of our underlying pain in any profound way. Meaningful change, in my opinion, comes from honestly addressing and healing the core issues of our lives. As we all know, honestly facing ourselves can be very difficult and takes courage and determination. Often this can be difficult to do alone.
I have been working with individuals, couples, and families for 36 years. Despite all of your efforts to change your life you may still find yourself unhappy, discouraged, or lost. We often develop ways to distance ourselves from our emotional pain. While these strategies can undoubtedly provide temporary relief, they never address the origin of our underlying pain in any profound way. Meaningful change, in my opinion, comes from honestly addressing and healing the core issues of our lives. As we all know, honestly facing ourselves can be very difficult and takes courage and determination. Often this can be difficult to do alone.
(315) 985-4260 View (315) 985-4260
Photo of Emily Covello, Pre-Licensed Professional in Syracuse, NY
Emily Covello
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13212
I understand that anxiety and OCD often feel overwhelming and isolating; how it is often difficult to explain the relentlessness of intrusive thoughts and worry. I recognize that OCD is a lot more than the compulsions people can see and how the constant worry gets in the way of all you want to do. In working with me you will feel understood and learn the tools necessary to reclaim your life. Everyone's version of healing is different and I am here to be a guide as we create your own path forward. I am dedicated to helping you free yourself from the cycle of worry and doubt.
I understand that anxiety and OCD often feel overwhelming and isolating; how it is often difficult to explain the relentlessness of intrusive thoughts and worry. I recognize that OCD is a lot more than the compulsions people can see and how the constant worry gets in the way of all you want to do. In working with me you will feel understood and learn the tools necessary to reclaim your life. Everyone's version of healing is different and I am here to be a guide as we create your own path forward. I am dedicated to helping you free yourself from the cycle of worry and doubt.
(315) 812-6369 x508 View (315) 812-6369 x508
Photo of Rebecca King in Syracuse, NY
Rebecca King
MD
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13206
I am set up for telepsych meetings. I am an experienced therapist who works with adults. I have a specialty in family and interpersonal relation problems. Persistent negative experiences can cascade anyone into emotional difficulty that feels overwhelming. My style listens to your personal experiences, helps you find ways create new experiences and communicate effectively where needed. Feeling supported, heard and validated are profoundly empowering and if not present in your current relationships is extremely emotionally painful and destructive. Goals:Courage to define your own integrity, recreate yourself and overcome.
I am set up for telepsych meetings. I am an experienced therapist who works with adults. I have a specialty in family and interpersonal relation problems. Persistent negative experiences can cascade anyone into emotional difficulty that feels overwhelming. My style listens to your personal experiences, helps you find ways create new experiences and communicate effectively where needed. Feeling supported, heard and validated are profoundly empowering and if not present in your current relationships is extremely emotionally painful and destructive. Goals:Courage to define your own integrity, recreate yourself and overcome.
(315) 790-6540 View (315) 790-6540
Photo of Shane K Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Shane K Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13206
Change is a phenomenon that we all face. We will repeat painful patterns over and over in effort to avoid change. I believe that everyone has the power to create positive change in their lives and relationships. Often times a therapeutic alliance can facilitate that change in a safe environment. If you believe you are ready to grow as an individual, couple, or family, I would be honored to assist you in your journey.
Change is a phenomenon that we all face. We will repeat painful patterns over and over in effort to avoid change. I believe that everyone has the power to create positive change in their lives and relationships. Often times a therapeutic alliance can facilitate that change in a safe environment. If you believe you are ready to grow as an individual, couple, or family, I would be honored to assist you in your journey.
(315) 359-5200 View (315) 359-5200
Photo of Jennifer Nadler, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
Jennifer Nadler
Counselor, MHC-LP, MA, MSEd
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13214  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Do you feel lost, alone or like nothing in life makes sense anymore? Are you exhausted and unsure of what your next move should be? Does anxiety eat away at your thoughts and behaviors? Maybe you wonder if it will ever be possible to heal from past wounds & mistakes. I've been there and I get it.
Do you feel lost, alone or like nothing in life makes sense anymore? Are you exhausted and unsure of what your next move should be? Does anxiety eat away at your thoughts and behaviors? Maybe you wonder if it will ever be possible to heal from past wounds & mistakes. I've been there and I get it.
(315) 688-7235 View (315) 688-7235
Photo of Lena Fitzgerald at Crosswalk Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Lena Fitzgerald at Crosswalk Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13205
I provide professional and confidential counseling to individuals. I am a strength-based, Clinical Social Worker. My counseling experience includes treatment of adjustment disorders, anger, addictions, PTSD and other traumas.
I provide professional and confidential counseling to individuals. I am a strength-based, Clinical Social Worker. My counseling experience includes treatment of adjustment disorders, anger, addictions, PTSD and other traumas.
(315) 636-2413 View (315) 636-2413
Photo of Nicole Bowker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Nicole Bowker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13219  (Online Only)
Hi there, I am so glad you are here! I am Nicole, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I am committed to helping individuals embark on their healing journey. Therapy is a personal and sometimes intimidating process, which is why I am dedicated to creating a safe and authentic therapeutic space for you to explore and define your authentic self. I view therapy through a holistic lens, incorporating evidence-based modalities that address the body, mind, and soul. It is through a holistic approach that we can work together to piece together small pockets of profound growth and healing.
Hi there, I am so glad you are here! I am Nicole, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I am committed to helping individuals embark on their healing journey. Therapy is a personal and sometimes intimidating process, which is why I am dedicated to creating a safe and authentic therapeutic space for you to explore and define your authentic self. I view therapy through a holistic lens, incorporating evidence-based modalities that address the body, mind, and soul. It is through a holistic approach that we can work together to piece together small pockets of profound growth and healing.
(315) 819-0589 View (315) 819-0589
Photo of Stacy Araujo, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
Stacy Araujo
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13206
Not accepting new clients
Hi and welcome! I have had the true honor in witnessing through my clients, the strength and growth that people are capable of. I pride myself in creating a safe space for self exploration, healing, empowerment and problem-solving. I believe each session is an opportunity to freely be yourself through exploring your past, present and working to cultivate helpful strategies to take with you from the present day and on. I have taken intentional and diligent steps to be skilled in several treatment approaches to address: trauma, anxiety, depression, phobias, family issues and identity development concerns.
Hi and welcome! I have had the true honor in witnessing through my clients, the strength and growth that people are capable of. I pride myself in creating a safe space for self exploration, healing, empowerment and problem-solving. I believe each session is an opportunity to freely be yourself through exploring your past, present and working to cultivate helpful strategies to take with you from the present day and on. I have taken intentional and diligent steps to be skilled in several treatment approaches to address: trauma, anxiety, depression, phobias, family issues and identity development concerns.
(315) 325-3749 View (315) 325-3749
Photo of Evoke: Individual, Marriage, and Family Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Evoke: Individual, Marriage, and Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13206
Not accepting new clients
There is hope! With a varied and vast personal and educational background my strength, first and foremost, is connecting with my clients. I am truly honored by the opportunity to walk with my clients through to the other side of their personal healing. As we collaborate on how to reach your goals, with hope and compassion you CAN experience greater peace, joy, and improved mental health! Some focus areas include Couples and Families in distress, Special Needs individuals /Families, Children/Adolescents, Couples surviving sexual betrayal, and relief from Anxiety/Depression.
There is hope! With a varied and vast personal and educational background my strength, first and foremost, is connecting with my clients. I am truly honored by the opportunity to walk with my clients through to the other side of their personal healing. As we collaborate on how to reach your goals, with hope and compassion you CAN experience greater peace, joy, and improved mental health! Some focus areas include Couples and Families in distress, Special Needs individuals /Families, Children/Adolescents, Couples surviving sexual betrayal, and relief from Anxiety/Depression.
(315) 285-4350 View (315) 285-4350
Photo of Madge Eileen Flynn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Madge Eileen Flynn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13210
Do you speak to yourself and/or your partner in ways that leave you anxious, sad or defeated? Have life events diminished your wellness? Are your behaviors undermining your aspirations? Do not waste another day. Make yourself and/or your relationship a priority and engage in individual or couples psychotherapy with me for profound change. Learn how to reset and become the person you aspire to be.
Do you speak to yourself and/or your partner in ways that leave you anxious, sad or defeated? Have life events diminished your wellness? Are your behaviors undermining your aspirations? Do not waste another day. Make yourself and/or your relationship a priority and engage in individual or couples psychotherapy with me for profound change. Learn how to reset and become the person you aspire to be.
(315) 758-3261 View (315) 758-3261
Photo of Nicole Finley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Nicole Finley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13224  (Online Only)
I am warm and empathic. I have a strong desire to help others utilize their strengths to overcome life issues and challenges. My experience includes working with individuals and families dealing with poverty, trauma, low self-esteem, relationship issues, life transitions, academic issues, Anxiety, Grief, and Depression. An eclectic approach is utilized to fit the specific needs of the client.
I am warm and empathic. I have a strong desire to help others utilize their strengths to overcome life issues and challenges. My experience includes working with individuals and families dealing with poverty, trauma, low self-esteem, relationship issues, life transitions, academic issues, Anxiety, Grief, and Depression. An eclectic approach is utilized to fit the specific needs of the client.
(315) 314-8590 View (315) 314-8590
Photo of Judith S Huober, Pre-Licensed Professional in Syracuse, NY
Judith S Huober
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MS, LP-MHC
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13214  (Online Only)
Are you looking to heal? To change? To accept challenges and cope with grace? Become more well balanced, enjoy life and relationships more, flourish in your chosen path? I welcome individuals and families coping with issues of aging such as chronic/progressive illness, pain, and cognitive changes; as well as those with trauma, ambiguous loss and disenfranchised grief; stress, depression and anxiety. I will be a witness, a listener, a partner and a guide as you use self-awareness, self-compassion, wisdom and intentionality to learn and cope with the practical and emotional tasks and challenges of your life with heart, mind and soul.
Are you looking to heal? To change? To accept challenges and cope with grace? Become more well balanced, enjoy life and relationships more, flourish in your chosen path? I welcome individuals and families coping with issues of aging such as chronic/progressive illness, pain, and cognitive changes; as well as those with trauma, ambiguous loss and disenfranchised grief; stress, depression and anxiety. I will be a witness, a listener, a partner and a guide as you use self-awareness, self-compassion, wisdom and intentionality to learn and cope with the practical and emotional tasks and challenges of your life with heart, mind and soul.
(315) 284-8647 View (315) 284-8647
Photo of Pertrina Works, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Pertrina Works
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13214  (Online Only)
Hello, My name is Pertina and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I would like to take the time to introduce myself to you. I have my Masters in Social Work from Syracuse University. My experience ranges from working with individuals diagnosed with Depression, Anxiety, Stress Management and Relationship Conflicts. I am a lifelong learner and believe that staying up to date with different Evidenced Based Treatment models to ensure you are receiving the best.
Hello, My name is Pertina and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I would like to take the time to introduce myself to you. I have my Masters in Social Work from Syracuse University. My experience ranges from working with individuals diagnosed with Depression, Anxiety, Stress Management and Relationship Conflicts. I am a lifelong learner and believe that staying up to date with different Evidenced Based Treatment models to ensure you are receiving the best.
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Photo of Erica Brier-Kennedy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Erica Brier-Kennedy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CASAC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13214
Through all of life’s challenges, sometimes we just need a safe and confidential space to process emotions and relationships as we navigate life’s complexities. If you’re a young adult struggling with self-confidence, a family looking for a therapist to help with an addiction issue, a new mom who might be feeling anxious or depressed, or a teen who has lost someone they love, I’m here to support you through this time. I have over 10 years of experience providing both long term and short-term individual, couple, and family therapy for all ages.
Through all of life’s challenges, sometimes we just need a safe and confidential space to process emotions and relationships as we navigate life’s complexities. If you’re a young adult struggling with self-confidence, a family looking for a therapist to help with an addiction issue, a new mom who might be feeling anxious or depressed, or a teen who has lost someone they love, I’m here to support you through this time. I have over 10 years of experience providing both long term and short-term individual, couple, and family therapy for all ages.
(518) 405-6928 View (518) 405-6928
Photo of Vanessa Mena, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
Vanessa Mena
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13202  (Online Only)
Welcome to a safe space where your trauma is acknowledged, understood, and supported. Trauma is not just a single event; it's a profound shift that can impact every aspect of your life. The self-blame, shame, and strain on relationships that often accompany trauma are valid experiences. It's common for survivors to struggle with defining themselves beyond their past. But remember, you are more than your experiences. You deserve to rewrite your narrative and not bear the burden alone. Your voice matters, your feelings are valid, and you deserve the opportunity to heal and thrive.
Welcome to a safe space where your trauma is acknowledged, understood, and supported. Trauma is not just a single event; it's a profound shift that can impact every aspect of your life. The self-blame, shame, and strain on relationships that often accompany trauma are valid experiences. It's common for survivors to struggle with defining themselves beyond their past. But remember, you are more than your experiences. You deserve to rewrite your narrative and not bear the burden alone. Your voice matters, your feelings are valid, and you deserve the opportunity to heal and thrive.
(315) 756-3345 View (315) 756-3345
Photo of James F. Lewis, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
James F. Lewis
Counselor, MS, LMHC, CASAC
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13219
Welcome to my counseling site called Christian Based Counseling Services. As a Christian and a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, it is my intent to use clinical and spiritual beliefs, attitudes and practices to support, encourage, as well as strengthen the client through a caring, professional relationship. As part of our ongoing therapeutic work and discovery, it is my goal to guide the client in identifying unhealthy and dysfunctional beliefs, attitudes and behaviors and be transformed with healthy, realistic and spiritually based truths which will enable you to grow individually and within your relationships with others.
Welcome to my counseling site called Christian Based Counseling Services. As a Christian and a Licensed Mental Health Counselor, it is my intent to use clinical and spiritual beliefs, attitudes and practices to support, encourage, as well as strengthen the client through a caring, professional relationship. As part of our ongoing therapeutic work and discovery, it is my goal to guide the client in identifying unhealthy and dysfunctional beliefs, attitudes and behaviors and be transformed with healthy, realistic and spiritually based truths which will enable you to grow individually and within your relationships with others.
(315) 245-8428 View (315) 245-8428
Photo of Kianna M Cole, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Kianna M Cole
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13220  (Online Only)
Hello My name is Kianna and I have been working in the mental health field for more than 20 years. I attended undergrad at Colgate University where I studied Sociology and Biology. My experiences at Colgate created a passion for Mental Health and a thirst to understand human behavior. I attended the Syracuse University School of Social Work and majored in Mental Health. I have worked with diverse populations of all ages since then and came to find that I enjoy working with people who have come from disadvantaged backgrounds, people of color, women, Autists, and persons living with Anxiety and Trauma of all kinds.
Hello My name is Kianna and I have been working in the mental health field for more than 20 years. I attended undergrad at Colgate University where I studied Sociology and Biology. My experiences at Colgate created a passion for Mental Health and a thirst to understand human behavior. I attended the Syracuse University School of Social Work and majored in Mental Health. I have worked with diverse populations of all ages since then and came to find that I enjoy working with people who have come from disadvantaged backgrounds, people of color, women, Autists, and persons living with Anxiety and Trauma of all kinds.
(315) 631-1663 View (315) 631-1663

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Syracuse, NY

400+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Syracuse, NY who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
75% Coping Skills
75% Stress
73% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
57% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Syracuse, NY see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Syracuse?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.