Photo of Emily Feinberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
Emily Feinberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
I also draw from social justice, feminist, attachment-based, traditional Eastern philosophy, and mindfulness modalities.
I have experience working with young adults and adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, relationship and familial conflicts, self-esteem, transitions, and work stress. My goal as your therapist is to assist you in developing coping mechanisms, effective communication skills, and a greater sense of self-confidence to utilize outside the therapy walls. I believe everyone deserves a safe, friendly, and warm environment to decompress and find clarity. I will be patient and empathetic, listening deeply, and guiding a gentle and honest conversation.
I also draw from social justice, feminist, attachment-based, traditional Eastern philosophy, and mindfulness modalities.
I have experience working with young adults and adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, relationship and familial conflicts, self-esteem, transitions, and work stress. My goal as your therapist is to assist you in developing coping mechanisms, effective communication skills, and a greater sense of self-confidence to utilize outside the therapy walls. I believe everyone deserves a safe, friendly, and warm environment to decompress and find clarity. I will be patient and empathetic, listening deeply, and guiding a gentle and honest conversation.
(332) 877-9557 View (332) 877-9557
Photo of The Empowerment Opportunity , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
The Empowerment Opportunity
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, DSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10075
You excel in one or more areas of your life, yet you silently struggle with feelings of being unworthy and unlovable. Sometimes you may even feel like an outsider in your own life. Maybe you buy nice things, or go on amazing trips, but for some reason you still don’t feel happy. You may hide behind your work and push people away because you are afraid to let them know who you really are. This is not what you want to be doing but you can’t help it. This is not your fault. You are doing the best you can with the resources you were given. At The Empowerment Opportunity, we will help you tap into different resources within yourself.
You excel in one or more areas of your life, yet you silently struggle with feelings of being unworthy and unlovable. Sometimes you may even feel like an outsider in your own life. Maybe you buy nice things, or go on amazing trips, but for some reason you still don’t feel happy. You may hide behind your work and push people away because you are afraid to let them know who you really are. This is not what you want to be doing but you can’t help it. This is not your fault. You are doing the best you can with the resources you were given. At The Empowerment Opportunity, we will help you tap into different resources within yourself.
(929) 264-5711 View (929) 264-5711
Photo of Julia Massay-Donato, Marriage & Family Therapist in New York
Julia Massay-Donato
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14607  (Online Only)
Hi there! I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and have been practicing for over 9 years with individuals, couples, parents and children. I specialize in issues around anxiety, life transitions, relationships, self-esteem, trauma, women and families. I have most experience working with young adults and couples and always work to initially create trust and comfort, so clients can gain strength in their vulnerability. I feel strongly that all individuals deserve to feel and experience their best selves, no matter what has happened in their lives. We have one life, and I want everyone to feel like they can enjoy theirs.
Hi there! I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and have been practicing for over 9 years with individuals, couples, parents and children. I specialize in issues around anxiety, life transitions, relationships, self-esteem, trauma, women and families. I have most experience working with young adults and couples and always work to initially create trust and comfort, so clients can gain strength in their vulnerability. I feel strongly that all individuals deserve to feel and experience their best selves, no matter what has happened in their lives. We have one life, and I want everyone to feel like they can enjoy theirs.
(315) 825-6257 View (315) 825-6257
Photo of Yueh-Chun Sapphire Chao, Art Therapist in New York
Yueh-Chun Sapphire Chao
Art Therapist, MA, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
As an integrative therapist, my approach is warm, trauma-informed and attachment-based with a combination of art therapy and talk psychotherapy.
Life is a continuous process. Maybe it is a process of relationship struggle or life transition. We may feel anxious and stuck in repetitive patterns and find it difficult to pinpoint the reason. Partnering with me, we will pay close attention to your physical sensations, embodied emotions, and internal world. My immigrant background helps me attune with BIPOC communities, especially with Asian-Americans and international students. We can use a combination of art and talk to work through anxiety, trauma, cross-cultural adjustment, low self-esteem, being a people-pleaser, or perfectionist tendency.
As an integrative therapist, my approach is warm, trauma-informed and attachment-based with a combination of art therapy and talk psychotherapy.
Life is a continuous process. Maybe it is a process of relationship struggle or life transition. We may feel anxious and stuck in repetitive patterns and find it difficult to pinpoint the reason. Partnering with me, we will pay close attention to your physical sensations, embodied emotions, and internal world. My immigrant background helps me attune with BIPOC communities, especially with Asian-Americans and international students. We can use a combination of art and talk to work through anxiety, trauma, cross-cultural adjustment, low self-esteem, being a people-pleaser, or perfectionist tendency.
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Photo of Dr. Jessica Tasca, Psychologist in New York
Dr. Jessica Tasca
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
I use a psychodynamic, attachment-based framework and balance careful listening with thoughtful probing.
As humans, we tend to avoid our more difficult and complex emotions in hopes that they will disappear. However, it is more often the case that the feelings we turn inward find their way out, and sometimes in a less-than-ideal way. Therapy is a unique space to explore the parts of you that tend to stay hidden. It is a space to “look beneath the hood” to understand more fully who you are and "why" you are. With this newfound insight, we can explore ways for you to engage more fully in your life and relationships, dig into your sense of purpose, and reconnect with (or discover for the first time) feelings of stillness and joy.
I use a psychodynamic, attachment-based framework and balance careful listening with thoughtful probing.
As humans, we tend to avoid our more difficult and complex emotions in hopes that they will disappear. However, it is more often the case that the feelings we turn inward find their way out, and sometimes in a less-than-ideal way. Therapy is a unique space to explore the parts of you that tend to stay hidden. It is a space to “look beneath the hood” to understand more fully who you are and "why" you are. With this newfound insight, we can explore ways for you to engage more fully in your life and relationships, dig into your sense of purpose, and reconnect with (or discover for the first time) feelings of stillness and joy.
(347) 754-3962 View (347) 754-3962
Photo of Katherine Orobona, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
Katherine Orobona
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Farmingdale, NY 11735  (Online Only)
Our Childhood, history, and personal myths about ourselves are powerful forces that have the ability to shape our interpersonal relationships and behaviors; worldview and ourselves. At some point, we have all experiences, challenges or life altering experiences that will have the ability to change our trajectory, bring us to a cross road or that will challenge our core beliefs about ourselves and the world around us. Through my work with individuals, families and couples I have enjoyed helping others to navigate these obstacles in order to transform these adverse experiences into opportunities of growth.
Our Childhood, history, and personal myths about ourselves are powerful forces that have the ability to shape our interpersonal relationships and behaviors; worldview and ourselves. At some point, we have all experiences, challenges or life altering experiences that will have the ability to change our trajectory, bring us to a cross road or that will challenge our core beliefs about ourselves and the world around us. Through my work with individuals, families and couples I have enjoyed helping others to navigate these obstacles in order to transform these adverse experiences into opportunities of growth.
(516) 219-9782 View (516) 219-9782
Photo of Stephanie Carlson, Ph.D, Psychologist in New York
Stephanie Carlson, Ph.D
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
White Plains, NY 10605
With training in mindfulness-based, interpersonal, trauma-sensitive, attachment-based, cognitive-behavioral, and psychodynamic therapeutic approaches, I can flexibly accommodate the needs of my clients.
My primary aim in my work is to meet my clients "where they are" by tuning in to their unique concerns and creating an atmosphere where they feel acknowledged and at ease. My style is warm, empathic and engaged which, combined with my acumen as a seasoned clinician, helps adults, children, parents and families feel comfortable and secure. Within this safe space, my clients express their concerns and work to repair and optimize wholesome development with professional recommendations that help to inform a collaborative therapeutic plan.
With training in mindfulness-based, interpersonal, trauma-sensitive, attachment-based, cognitive-behavioral, and psychodynamic therapeutic approaches, I can flexibly accommodate the needs of my clients.
My primary aim in my work is to meet my clients "where they are" by tuning in to their unique concerns and creating an atmosphere where they feel acknowledged and at ease. My style is warm, empathic and engaged which, combined with my acumen as a seasoned clinician, helps adults, children, parents and families feel comfortable and secure. Within this safe space, my clients express their concerns and work to repair and optimize wholesome development with professional recommendations that help to inform a collaborative therapeutic plan.
(718) 260-6970 View (718) 260-6970
Photo of Martina Verba, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
Martina Verba
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, MPH
Not Verified Not Verified
3 Endorsed
Ardsley, NY 10502
I have 20+ years of experience treating depression, anxiety, relationship problems, trauma and loss. For the past 10+ years, I have specialized in the treatment of eating problems and disorders. I am a Certified in Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy, a treatment model that incorporates attachment-based, experiential and psychodynamic approaches. I am trained in CBT, DBT and EMDR and incorporate these methods as clinically indicated. I do not believe that money should be a barrier between you and your access to treatment. Please inquire about sliding scale rates.
I have 20+ years of experience treating depression, anxiety, relationship problems, trauma and loss. For the past 10+ years, I have specialized in the treatment of eating problems and disorders. I am a Certified in Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy, a treatment model that incorporates attachment-based, experiential and psychodynamic approaches. I am trained in CBT, DBT and EMDR and incorporate these methods as clinically indicated. I do not believe that money should be a barrier between you and your access to treatment. Please inquire about sliding scale rates.
(914) 288-6261 View (914) 288-6261
Photo of Joanna Hurley, Psychologist in New York
Joanna Hurley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Garden City, NY 11530  (Online Only)
I work with individuals of all ages, and my therapeutic approaches include psychodynamic, CBT, and attachment-based theory, in addition to play therapy for younger children.
My goal is to provide a safe, nurturing space for children and adults who are facing emotional challenges from current or past experiences. While I specialize in child trauma interventions, I also work with adults who are dealing with anxiety, depression, or who are curious about the exploration of the self, by examining relational patterns, defense mechanisms, and unconscious processes.
I work with individuals of all ages, and my therapeutic approaches include psychodynamic, CBT, and attachment-based theory, in addition to play therapy for younger children.
My goal is to provide a safe, nurturing space for children and adults who are facing emotional challenges from current or past experiences. While I specialize in child trauma interventions, I also work with adults who are dealing with anxiety, depression, or who are curious about the exploration of the self, by examining relational patterns, defense mechanisms, and unconscious processes.
(516) 219-8582 View (516) 219-8582
Photo of Evan Padget, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
Evan Padget
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11242
I primarily utilize psychodynamic and attachment-based techniques and incorporate other modalities to develop a unique plan of action tailored to your specific needs.
My approach to therapy is collaborative and warm. I believe therapy works when we establish a meaningful relationship that allows you to feel safe enough to develop a sense of curiosity about your inner world. Within this space, we can challenge long-held self-narratives and discover the roots of dissatisfying relational patterns. My goal is to help you see the world differently and build agency to make changes in your life. Together we will identify new ways of relating to yourself and others, leading to a greater sense of meaning and fulfillment.
I primarily utilize psychodynamic and attachment-based techniques and incorporate other modalities to develop a unique plan of action tailored to your specific needs.
My approach to therapy is collaborative and warm. I believe therapy works when we establish a meaningful relationship that allows you to feel safe enough to develop a sense of curiosity about your inner world. Within this space, we can challenge long-held self-narratives and discover the roots of dissatisfying relational patterns. My goal is to help you see the world differently and build agency to make changes in your life. Together we will identify new ways of relating to yourself and others, leading to a greater sense of meaning and fulfillment.
(347) 462-0197 View (347) 462-0197
Photo of Laura Marker, Psychologist in New York
Laura Marker
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
I believe that therapy is a space for us to tackle life’s difficulties as well as celebrate life, find joy, and build self-compassion. I provide empathic, nonjudgmental psychotherapy, focused on deepening a sense of self-awareness, gaining insight into your emotional experiences, and empowering you to live a more fulfilling life. My therapeutic approach is rooted in relational and attachment-based theories. I frequently use humanistic, and behavioral interventions tailored to meet the needs of the individual or couple I am working with. I strive to create authentic and collaborative relationships with everyone I work with.
I believe that therapy is a space for us to tackle life’s difficulties as well as celebrate life, find joy, and build self-compassion. I provide empathic, nonjudgmental psychotherapy, focused on deepening a sense of self-awareness, gaining insight into your emotional experiences, and empowering you to live a more fulfilling life. My therapeutic approach is rooted in relational and attachment-based theories. I frequently use humanistic, and behavioral interventions tailored to meet the needs of the individual or couple I am working with. I strive to create authentic and collaborative relationships with everyone I work with.
(347) 754-3357 View (347) 754-3357
Photo of Hannah I. Guz, Psychologist in New York
Hannah I. Guz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
New York, NY 10019  (Online Only)
EFT is an attachment-based therapy that emphasizes how problematic patterns in relationships impact security and trust.
Dr. Guz is a clinical psychologist with specialized training in anxiety, depression, mood, and trauma-related disorders. Dr. Guz provides an empathic and safe environment where patients can process their joys and their pains, while moving towards their goals. Dr. Guz believes that each person is inherently worthy, and that in the process of being seen and understood, people are able to build insight and recognize their strengths. In sessions, Dr. Guz will help patients build practical skills to manage stress and address the unhelpful patterns in thinking and behaving that underpin suffering.
EFT is an attachment-based therapy that emphasizes how problematic patterns in relationships impact security and trust.
Dr. Guz is a clinical psychologist with specialized training in anxiety, depression, mood, and trauma-related disorders. Dr. Guz provides an empathic and safe environment where patients can process their joys and their pains, while moving towards their goals. Dr. Guz believes that each person is inherently worthy, and that in the process of being seen and understood, people are able to build insight and recognize their strengths. In sessions, Dr. Guz will help patients build practical skills to manage stress and address the unhelpful patterns in thinking and behaving that underpin suffering.
(347) 830-7191 View (347) 830-7191
Photo of Emily M Feinberg, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York
Emily M Feinberg
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sag Harbor, NY 11963  (Online Only)
I also draw from social justice, feminist, attachment-based, traditional Eastern philosophy, and mindfulness modalities.
I fundamentally believe in the connection between the mind and body, and work from a client-centered, somatic approach. Through therapy, we'll explore your history, nervous system, and relationship to your body. With intentional work, we'll get a better understanding of your unique experience, patterns that your nervous system engages in, and how to learn and unlearn new ways of knowing.
I also draw from social justice, feminist, attachment-based, traditional Eastern philosophy, and mindfulness modalities.
I fundamentally believe in the connection between the mind and body, and work from a client-centered, somatic approach. Through therapy, we'll explore your history, nervous system, and relationship to your body. With intentional work, we'll get a better understanding of your unique experience, patterns that your nervous system engages in, and how to learn and unlearn new ways of knowing.
(516) 928-6024 View (516) 928-6024
Photo of Randy Maldonado, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
Randy Maldonado
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
My name is Randy, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social worker that centers on co-creating safe healing spaces for individuals, families, and organizations. I have experience providing individual and family therapy from a relational and attachment-based lens. My sessions acknowledge and support healing from oppressive systems and forefront of the backgrounds, history, and traditions of BIPOC. My commitment is to support recovery from trauma and the subsequent challenges from traumatic experiences while foregrounding our intersecting identities.
My name is Randy, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social worker that centers on co-creating safe healing spaces for individuals, families, and organizations. I have experience providing individual and family therapy from a relational and attachment-based lens. My sessions acknowledge and support healing from oppressive systems and forefront of the backgrounds, history, and traditions of BIPOC. My commitment is to support recovery from trauma and the subsequent challenges from traumatic experiences while foregrounding our intersecting identities.
(347) 727-1682 View (347) 727-1682
Photo of Jacqueline V Grant, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
Jacqueline V Grant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14226  (Online Only)
I am dual licensed and provide therapy to New York and Colorado residents. In my 16 years of practice, I have found that no one story is alike and the path to our best self is as unique as the individual being supported. I provide therapeutic interventions at your pace and believe your story deserves a safe space where it can be shared.
I am dual licensed and provide therapy to New York and Colorado residents. In my 16 years of practice, I have found that no one story is alike and the path to our best self is as unique as the individual being supported. I provide therapeutic interventions at your pace and believe your story deserves a safe space where it can be shared.
(716) 202-0554 View (716) 202-0554
Photo of Christina R Karlowski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York
Christina R Karlowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11222
Attachment-Based.
Live fully. Enjoy who you are. Be present in the moment. Find happiness with who you uniquely are. An All-Purpose Therapist. Multiple clients have said, "I never thought I could accomplish so much." Become unstuck. Succeed in the areas that matter most to you. Overcome Anxiety, Depression, issues with concentration and self esteem. Adapt Flexibility & Fluidity living in the high demand - high reward City of New York.
Attachment-Based.
Live fully. Enjoy who you are. Be present in the moment. Find happiness with who you uniquely are. An All-Purpose Therapist. Multiple clients have said, "I never thought I could accomplish so much." Become unstuck. Succeed in the areas that matter most to you. Overcome Anxiety, Depression, issues with concentration and self esteem. Adapt Flexibility & Fluidity living in the high demand - high reward City of New York.
(917) 818-1074 View (917) 818-1074
Photo of Better Life Associates LLC, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York
Better Life Associates LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Hi, I'm Dr. Korey Abbriano. I work with clients with a variety of mental health difficulties. My flexible treatment style aims to meet the needs of my clients, utilizing an integrative approach and incorporating relational and attachment-based therapies to empower clients and explore how early attachment styles may influence their current relationships. I also integrate aspects of cognitive-behavioral, dialectal, and acceptance and commitment therapies to provide clients the skills and tools to work towards their individual goals. I prioritize the therapeutic alliance to create a collaborative, warm and supportive environment.
Hi, I'm Dr. Korey Abbriano. I work with clients with a variety of mental health difficulties. My flexible treatment style aims to meet the needs of my clients, utilizing an integrative approach and incorporating relational and attachment-based therapies to empower clients and explore how early attachment styles may influence their current relationships. I also integrate aspects of cognitive-behavioral, dialectal, and acceptance and commitment therapies to provide clients the skills and tools to work towards their individual goals. I prioritize the therapeutic alliance to create a collaborative, warm and supportive environment.
(516) 241-3838 View (516) 241-3838
Photo of Katherine Orobona, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York
Katherine Orobona
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Farmingdale, NY 11735
Our childhood, history, and personal myths about ourselves are powerful forces that have the ability to shape our interpersonal relationships and behaviors; worldview and ourselves. At some point, we all have experiences, challenges or life altering experiences that will have the ability to change our trajectory, bring us to a cross road or that will challenge our core beliefs about ourselves and the world around us. Through my work with individuals, families and couples I have enjoyed helping others to navigate these obstacles in order to transform these adverse experiences into opportunities of growth.
Our childhood, history, and personal myths about ourselves are powerful forces that have the ability to shape our interpersonal relationships and behaviors; worldview and ourselves. At some point, we all have experiences, challenges or life altering experiences that will have the ability to change our trajectory, bring us to a cross road or that will challenge our core beliefs about ourselves and the world around us. Through my work with individuals, families and couples I have enjoyed helping others to navigate these obstacles in order to transform these adverse experiences into opportunities of growth.
(516) 212-6981 View (516) 212-6981
Photo of Dr. Arielle Jean-Pierre, Psychologist in New York
Dr. Arielle Jean-Pierre
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10028  (Online Only)
I do this by taking a relational, attachment-based approach to therapy while folding in acceptance and mindfulness skills-based work as needed.
In an era where we’re bombarded with self-love messaging from all sides, too many of us are left to struggle with the nagging question: “But how do I love myself?” Some of us—especially those carrying marginalized identities—were never taught. Instead, we were given life scripts urging us to make ourselves small and focus solely on the ways we come up short. The fact that you’ve taken this step to find support is a pivotal moment; you’re acknowledging that you deserve better, and you’re willing to do the work to get there. I’d love to help you with that.
I do this by taking a relational, attachment-based approach to therapy while folding in acceptance and mindfulness skills-based work as needed.
In an era where we’re bombarded with self-love messaging from all sides, too many of us are left to struggle with the nagging question: “But how do I love myself?” Some of us—especially those carrying marginalized identities—were never taught. Instead, we were given life scripts urging us to make ourselves small and focus solely on the ways we come up short. The fact that you’ve taken this step to find support is a pivotal moment; you’re acknowledging that you deserve better, and you’re willing to do the work to get there. I’d love to help you with that.
(347) 727-4476 View (347) 727-4476
Photo of Megan Black, Counselor in New York
Megan Black
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
I specialize in helping clients of all ages, with a primary focus on pre-K to adolescent children. I offer virtual appointments for adults during the week and in-person sessions on weekends. My goal is to improve functioning in the home, at school, at the workplace, and in relationships. I use a brain-based approach with attachment-based, mindfulness, play, narrative, and art therapy to address barriers and promote mental wellness. In my practice, I prioritize collaboration with parents when working with children to improve overall family functioning.
I specialize in helping clients of all ages, with a primary focus on pre-K to adolescent children. I offer virtual appointments for adults during the week and in-person sessions on weekends. My goal is to improve functioning in the home, at school, at the workplace, and in relationships. I use a brain-based approach with attachment-based, mindfulness, play, narrative, and art therapy to address barriers and promote mental wellness. In my practice, I prioritize collaboration with parents when working with children to improve overall family functioning.
(585) 476-3827 View (585) 476-3827
Attachment-based Therapists

Is attachment-based therapy the same as attachment therapy?

Attachment-based therapy may be confused with what is called “attachment therapy” (sometimes called “holding therapy”), a discredited and dangerous approach to treating children with attachment disorders, autism, or other mental health concerns. Attachment therapy—not attachment-based therapy—may involve restraining a child, forcing eye contact, and other coercive or abusive techniques. None of these practices are used in attachment-based therapy and the two modalities are in no way related.

What should I expect from attachment-based therapy?

Attachment-based therapy is based on attachment theory, which posits that children’s early relationships with their caregivers strongly influence their ability to navigate the world later in life. Thus, adults who seek attachment-based therapy should expect to deeply explore their childhood, identifying the dynamics or experiences that disrupted their attachment and the steps necessary to overcome challenges that arose as a result. Parents and children should expect to explore the possible factors that disrupted the parent-child relationship and work toward restoring trust and connection.

How long does attachment-based therapy last?

Certain forms of attachment-based therapy, especially those designed for parents and children, last for a set number of sessions; for example, Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up, a specific attachment-based approach for young children who have undergone early adversity, unfolds over 10 one-hour sessions. When attachment-based therapy is practiced on adults or combined with other modalities, it may not last a specific length of time; clients may wish to ask prospective therapists how long they expect treatment to take.

Does attachment-based therapy work?

Most of the research on attachment-based therapy focuses on children and adolescents. Some of this research shows a positive effect, especially for attachment-based family therapy (ABFT). Other studies, however, have found that attachment-based therapy is no more effective than other approaches to childhood depression, anxiety, or suicidality. Less is known about the therapy’s efficacy on adult populations.