Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

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Photo of Kela L Woods, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Kela L Woods
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Kela Woods is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri with over 10 years experience in Behavioral Health & Social Services. She obtained a Master of Arts in Professional Counseling at Lindenwood University in St. Charles Missouri. Kela’s work experience includes mental health assessments, diagnosing, treatment planning, referrals, crisis intervention and de-escalation. As a therapist Kela is here to listen, to validate, and to provide support in a safe and non-judgemental setting. Kela’s counseling style is warm, empathetic, and client-centered.
Kela Woods is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri with over 10 years experience in Behavioral Health & Social Services. She obtained a Master of Arts in Professional Counseling at Lindenwood University in St. Charles Missouri. Kela’s work experience includes mental health assessments, diagnosing, treatment planning, referrals, crisis intervention and de-escalation. As a therapist Kela is here to listen, to validate, and to provide support in a safe and non-judgemental setting. Kela’s counseling style is warm, empathetic, and client-centered.
(314) 742-9392 View (314) 742-9392
Photo of Jackie Sell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Jackie Sell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Depth psychotherapy work is a process unique to each individual and it relies on their innate potential for growth and ability to explore deeper realms of the psyche. We will use tools such as dream work, active imagination, explorations of the past as well as the present to understand those deeper aspects of the mind. The goal of depth work is to understand unconscious patterns and origins of behavior which can ultimately lead to greater psychological flexibility and freedom. Many clients who experience depth work end up finding a renewed sense of Self and purpose.
Depth psychotherapy work is a process unique to each individual and it relies on their innate potential for growth and ability to explore deeper realms of the psyche. We will use tools such as dream work, active imagination, explorations of the past as well as the present to understand those deeper aspects of the mind. The goal of depth work is to understand unconscious patterns and origins of behavior which can ultimately lead to greater psychological flexibility and freedom. Many clients who experience depth work end up finding a renewed sense of Self and purpose.
(636) 215-6894 View (636) 215-6894
Photo of Moira Killoran in Saint Louis, MO
Moira Killoran
PLPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63141
I work with clients seeking deep and transformative healing. Together, we hold space to witness your inner world with curiosity and compassion to guide the once disconnected parts of you back to your self. Through this work, we support your system in releasing the burdens you have carried to reinstate a sense of wholeness and knowing. I am trans and queer affirming, trauma-informed, and anti-oppressionist.
I work with clients seeking deep and transformative healing. Together, we hold space to witness your inner world with curiosity and compassion to guide the once disconnected parts of you back to your self. Through this work, we support your system in releasing the burdens you have carried to reinstate a sense of wholeness and knowing. I am trans and queer affirming, trauma-informed, and anti-oppressionist.
(314) 461-1748 View (314) 461-1748
Photo of Dave Woodard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Dave Woodard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63110  (Online Only)
Professional Counseling Services in Missouri: In today's fast-paced world, we all need a support system to navigate life's challenges. When the support from family and friends isn't enough, seeking professional counseling can make a significant difference. Anxiety, stress, and chronic illnesses can take a toll on our mental well-being, leading to feelings of depression and making life more challenging than necessary. About Me: I am a dedicated counselor with a passion for helping individuals find their balance, strength, and purpose, with a Master of Social Work degree from Washington University earned in 2004.
Professional Counseling Services in Missouri: In today's fast-paced world, we all need a support system to navigate life's challenges. When the support from family and friends isn't enough, seeking professional counseling can make a significant difference. Anxiety, stress, and chronic illnesses can take a toll on our mental well-being, leading to feelings of depression and making life more challenging than necessary. About Me: I am a dedicated counselor with a passion for helping individuals find their balance, strength, and purpose, with a Master of Social Work degree from Washington University earned in 2004.
(314) 938-2797 View (314) 938-2797
Photo of Monica Uthlaut, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Monica Uthlaut
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63144
Unbeknownst to many, the stigma associated with therapy is lifting. Society is learning and realizing overall health needs to be a non-negotiable. My passion lies in supporting/educating clients on what trauma actually is (and is not) and how to effectively heal. My ideal client is ready to do some hard work and is willing to be challenged. You are curious and brave enough to look inside and identify road blocks, get honest with self, work on vulnerability, improve awareness, and face your fears. Together, we will identify and dig out the roots that no longer serve you and cultivate a healthier and more fulfilling path.
Unbeknownst to many, the stigma associated with therapy is lifting. Society is learning and realizing overall health needs to be a non-negotiable. My passion lies in supporting/educating clients on what trauma actually is (and is not) and how to effectively heal. My ideal client is ready to do some hard work and is willing to be challenged. You are curious and brave enough to look inside and identify road blocks, get honest with self, work on vulnerability, improve awareness, and face your fears. Together, we will identify and dig out the roots that no longer serve you and cultivate a healthier and more fulfilling path.
(314) 310-3429 View (314) 310-3429
Photo of Quincy Phipps, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Quincy Phipps
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118  (Online Only)
Growth and healing is fostered when we feel accepted and heard. I show up for my clients with an inclusive, culturally responsive, and nonjudgmental approach to sessions. I meet you with a supportive and open attitude as you explore your authentic self and grow into your potential. We can get there by learning and then practicing new coping techniques that can improve your quality of life while working to understand the patterns that may have led you to seek support. Together, we can develop a new path with less suffering and a better understanding of yourself and your limits.
Growth and healing is fostered when we feel accepted and heard. I show up for my clients with an inclusive, culturally responsive, and nonjudgmental approach to sessions. I meet you with a supportive and open attitude as you explore your authentic self and grow into your potential. We can get there by learning and then practicing new coping techniques that can improve your quality of life while working to understand the patterns that may have led you to seek support. Together, we can develop a new path with less suffering and a better understanding of yourself and your limits.
(314) 944-2472 View (314) 944-2472
Photo of Megan R Gray, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Megan R Gray
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Therapy is a space for you to process your experiences, share your feelings, and work through decisions free from judgement. I will offer my support and insight as we work together to better understand your inner world.
Therapy is a space for you to process your experiences, share your feelings, and work through decisions free from judgement. I will offer my support and insight as we work together to better understand your inner world.
(314) 834-6717 View (314) 834-6717
Photo of Melissa V Taylor, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Melissa V Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108  (Online Only)
We all need help sometimes. Are you struggling with anxiety, trauma, life changes, issues around gender and/or sexual orientation, or relationships with unhealthy dynamics? I help people to work through things that may be getting in the way of what they want for their life. My hope for everyone is that they find more peace, strength, and joy in life. I specialize in working with lesbian, gay, queer, and transgender populations.
We all need help sometimes. Are you struggling with anxiety, trauma, life changes, issues around gender and/or sexual orientation, or relationships with unhealthy dynamics? I help people to work through things that may be getting in the way of what they want for their life. My hope for everyone is that they find more peace, strength, and joy in life. I specialize in working with lesbian, gay, queer, and transgender populations.
(314) 485-4767 View (314) 485-4767
Photo of Erin McDyer - Sandhill Counseling, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Erin McDyer - Sandhill Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PLPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63128
Everyone has different feelings about therapy. Some people are excited about it and jump at the opportunity to dive into the deepest parts of themselves, but some might find it nerve-racking, scary, or just straight up unpleasant. Maybe you’re nervous you’ll be told nothing is wrong with you or that you will be dismissed. Regardless of your feelings coming into therapy, my goal is the same: to create a space where you feel truly comfortable to express yourself, to be vulnerable, and where you feel heard and valued.
Everyone has different feelings about therapy. Some people are excited about it and jump at the opportunity to dive into the deepest parts of themselves, but some might find it nerve-racking, scary, or just straight up unpleasant. Maybe you’re nervous you’ll be told nothing is wrong with you or that you will be dismissed. Regardless of your feelings coming into therapy, my goal is the same: to create a space where you feel truly comfortable to express yourself, to be vulnerable, and where you feel heard and valued.
(636) 422-5791 x1029 View (636) 422-5791 x1029
Photo of Shirley Crenshaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Shirley Crenshaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63146  (Online Only)
My speciality is treating children with attachment disturbances. Most of the children I see have been adopted, but many have had other medical and other relationship traumas that have contributed to their current acting out or anxiety issues. Many of the children I see have been previously diagnosed as having Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, ADHD, and Bi-Polar Disorders. I also see adults who have experienced childhood trauma.
My speciality is treating children with attachment disturbances. Most of the children I see have been adopted, but many have had other medical and other relationship traumas that have contributed to their current acting out or anxiety issues. Many of the children I see have been previously diagnosed as having Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, ADHD, and Bi-Polar Disorders. I also see adults who have experienced childhood trauma.
(314) 551-9323 View (314) 551-9323
Photo of Marianela Dornhecker, Psychologist in Saint Louis, MO
Marianela Dornhecker
Psychologist, PhD, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63116  (Online Only)
My approach to therapy incorporates deep emotional work with action and goal-oriented steps. I aim to help clients build awareness of their pain points while fostering a mindful and nonjudgmental curiosity about themselves. I have specialized training in working with folks impacted by trauma and experiencing perinatal mental health and adjustment concerns. I believe our past experiences, including intergenerational trauma, can impact the way we show up in the present. My goal is to create a therapeutic space in which clients can work through these experiences to find their authentic selves and build deeper relationships.
My approach to therapy incorporates deep emotional work with action and goal-oriented steps. I aim to help clients build awareness of their pain points while fostering a mindful and nonjudgmental curiosity about themselves. I have specialized training in working with folks impacted by trauma and experiencing perinatal mental health and adjustment concerns. I believe our past experiences, including intergenerational trauma, can impact the way we show up in the present. My goal is to create a therapeutic space in which clients can work through these experiences to find their authentic selves and build deeper relationships.
(844) 949-2893 View (844) 949-2893
Photo of Valentina Penalba, Marriage & Family Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Valentina Penalba
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117  (Online Only)
Sometimes, even when we know that something is wrong, we still need guidance in order to disentangle the problems that cause us suffering. Every problem has a solution and every difficult period can have a peaceful resolution. My therapeutic approach primarily stems from Family Systems Theory. I focus on emotional independence through individuation and help individuals, couples and families gain additional growth, strengths, and insights into their lives. I work on reducing negative communication patterns and installing love as an attachment bond.
Sometimes, even when we know that something is wrong, we still need guidance in order to disentangle the problems that cause us suffering. Every problem has a solution and every difficult period can have a peaceful resolution. My therapeutic approach primarily stems from Family Systems Theory. I focus on emotional independence through individuation and help individuals, couples and families gain additional growth, strengths, and insights into their lives. I work on reducing negative communication patterns and installing love as an attachment bond.
(314) 310-6923 View (314) 310-6923
Photo of Jordan Langley, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Jordan Langley
Pre-Licensed Professional, BS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63109  (Online Only)
I approach therapy with intersectionality and diversity in the forefront of my mind. The therapy models that I gravitate toward are solution-focused and strength-based approaches. Both of these models allow me to serve all types of families and individuals through client led sessions to meet the therapy goals that we create together. I look forward to meeting with you and your family to navigate adversities together in a safe, welcoming and affirming space.
I approach therapy with intersectionality and diversity in the forefront of my mind. The therapy models that I gravitate toward are solution-focused and strength-based approaches. Both of these models allow me to serve all types of families and individuals through client led sessions to meet the therapy goals that we create together. I look forward to meeting with you and your family to navigate adversities together in a safe, welcoming and affirming space.
(314) 350-7482 View (314) 350-7482
Photo of Change Counseling Services, L.L.C., Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Change Counseling Services, L.L.C.
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63136
Welcome to your journey of healing. My goal as a Licensed Professional Counselor is to treat the whole person. I work with individuals, couples and families of all ages on a variety of issues, including but not limited to parenting issues, school related problems, ADHD, anxiety, depression, abuse, anger management and relationship problems. I would love to help you nagivate through life's pressures. For a confidential and rewarding experience let's talk.
Welcome to your journey of healing. My goal as a Licensed Professional Counselor is to treat the whole person. I work with individuals, couples and families of all ages on a variety of issues, including but not limited to parenting issues, school related problems, ADHD, anxiety, depression, abuse, anger management and relationship problems. I would love to help you nagivate through life's pressures. For a confidential and rewarding experience let's talk.
(314) 450-7555 View (314) 450-7555
Photo of Morgan Coffey, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Morgan Coffey
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63122
Counseling can come with many unknowns. Concerns and nervous feelings are normal and welcomed when starting this journey. My goal is to ease some of that worry and to support you as you take this next step. As a counselor, I aim to create a welcoming and accepting environment where you can share and explore who you are, what you've experienced, and what your goals are for the future. I am of the belief that everyone can find healing and growth through the safe, supportive, and exploratory relationship that counseling fosters. I will honor and value all of the parts and identities that you bring with you.
Counseling can come with many unknowns. Concerns and nervous feelings are normal and welcomed when starting this journey. My goal is to ease some of that worry and to support you as you take this next step. As a counselor, I aim to create a welcoming and accepting environment where you can share and explore who you are, what you've experienced, and what your goals are for the future. I am of the belief that everyone can find healing and growth through the safe, supportive, and exploratory relationship that counseling fosters. I will honor and value all of the parts and identities that you bring with you.
(314) 912-2827 View (314) 912-2827
Photo of Jason Eccker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Jason Eccker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Waitlist for new clients
As a social worker, my goal is to partner with my clients so that they may achieve their goals. I have a diverse background in treating trauma, addiction and mental health from a strengths-based perspective, and I have been successful in helping clients to integrate long-term solutions in their daily lives. I feel that my ability to create a strong therapeutic alliance with clients as one of my biggest strengths. For those suffering from PTSD/other past trauma, I offer EMDR therapy which continues to be researched as highly effective for individuals suffering from these conditions.
As a social worker, my goal is to partner with my clients so that they may achieve their goals. I have a diverse background in treating trauma, addiction and mental health from a strengths-based perspective, and I have been successful in helping clients to integrate long-term solutions in their daily lives. I feel that my ability to create a strong therapeutic alliance with clients as one of my biggest strengths. For those suffering from PTSD/other past trauma, I offer EMDR therapy which continues to be researched as highly effective for individuals suffering from these conditions.
(314) 696-6089 View (314) 696-6089
Photo of San Mueller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
San Mueller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC, DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63125  (Online Only)
I have provided counseling and support for adults, adolescents, and families struggling with personal issues and relationship problems for over 25 years. I believe people are doing the best they can but sometimes need to reach out for help and support. I believe we have a purpose in life and sometimes we need help to find that purpose.
I have provided counseling and support for adults, adolescents, and families struggling with personal issues and relationship problems for over 25 years. I believe people are doing the best they can but sometimes need to reach out for help and support. I believe we have a purpose in life and sometimes we need help to find that purpose.
(314) 310-1690 View (314) 310-1690
Photo of Michael Deal, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Michael Deal
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
When working with individuals, I aim to help them through a collaborative process to understand the underlying issues that are causing them to not live up to their potential. The model which I employ assumes that many of our struggles are connected to conflicts within us of which we are not completely aware. I feel that therapy is most effective when the entire person's personality and history are considered instead of just focusing on current problematic behaviors. My work focuses on recognizing long standing relationship patterns that are troublesome as well as developing a more emotionally stable and adaptive personality.
When working with individuals, I aim to help them through a collaborative process to understand the underlying issues that are causing them to not live up to their potential. The model which I employ assumes that many of our struggles are connected to conflicts within us of which we are not completely aware. I feel that therapy is most effective when the entire person's personality and history are considered instead of just focusing on current problematic behaviors. My work focuses on recognizing long standing relationship patterns that are troublesome as well as developing a more emotionally stable and adaptive personality.
(314) 561-7106 View (314) 561-7106
Photo of Tina Marie Dale, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Tina Marie Dale
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63141
Your relationship with yourself is reflected in interactions with family, friends, colleagues, professional life and your worldview. How do you seek, expect and provide attunement to yourself and important others? Often unrecognized inter-generational relational themes play a part in the manner of which one seeks connection. Attachment and relational patterns meant to gain closeness can mean one feels known & accepted or invisible & rejected. You can learn to listen to yourself with open-minded curiosity in order to identify your relational style, understanding how it supports or hinders you in life.
Your relationship with yourself is reflected in interactions with family, friends, colleagues, professional life and your worldview. How do you seek, expect and provide attunement to yourself and important others? Often unrecognized inter-generational relational themes play a part in the manner of which one seeks connection. Attachment and relational patterns meant to gain closeness can mean one feels known & accepted or invisible & rejected. You can learn to listen to yourself with open-minded curiosity in order to identify your relational style, understanding how it supports or hinders you in life.
(314) 287-5387 View (314) 287-5387
Photo of Danielle Silver, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Danielle Silver
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63132
Waitlist for new clients
Inquiring Minds Counseling & Consultation was founded under the inherent reciprocity between human connection. In our process together we will collaborate, inquire into your story, curiously reflect on the uniqueness that is you and the experiences that have led you to this point. Together we will work to piece together the webs of connection between your formative experiences, family, culture, gender identity, religious or spiritual orientation, community influences and trauma. Together we will find that you are not defective, broken or in need of repair—in fact, you are coming more fully into who you are meant to be.
Inquiring Minds Counseling & Consultation was founded under the inherent reciprocity between human connection. In our process together we will collaborate, inquire into your story, curiously reflect on the uniqueness that is you and the experiences that have led you to this point. Together we will work to piece together the webs of connection between your formative experiences, family, culture, gender identity, religious or spiritual orientation, community influences and trauma. Together we will find that you are not defective, broken or in need of repair—in fact, you are coming more fully into who you are meant to be.
(314) 866-8066 View (314) 866-8066

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Saint Louis, MO who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
71% Aetna
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Saint Louis, MO see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Louis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.