Therapists in Clayton, MO

Photo of Suzanne (Landis) Goldstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Suzanne (Landis) Goldstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LCSW
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Welcome to my practice! Are you looking for a confidential & safe place to turn? Are you feeling ready to make some meaningful changes in your (or your child’s) life? I’ve been working as an LCSW since 1999, supporting and helping adolescents, young adults & adults effectively navigate emotional health and wellness challenges. I believe the key to beginning the healing process is in finding someone you can build a safe, honest and insightful therapeutic relationship with. We all need someone who genuinely listens and understands. Together we can determine next best steps.
Welcome to my practice! Are you looking for a confidential & safe place to turn? Are you feeling ready to make some meaningful changes in your (or your child’s) life? I’ve been working as an LCSW since 1999, supporting and helping adolescents, young adults & adults effectively navigate emotional health and wellness challenges. I believe the key to beginning the healing process is in finding someone you can build a safe, honest and insightful therapeutic relationship with. We all need someone who genuinely listens and understands. Together we can determine next best steps.
(314) 582-4726 View (314) 582-4726
Photo of Rebecca Pastor, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Rebecca Pastor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, MFA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Our symptoms have something to say. Different symptoms bring people into psychotherapy: anxiousness, chronic sadness, creative and artistic block, loneliness, addictions, sexual obsessions. Symptoms are a language, and though they are often labeled as depression or anxiety, the meaning of a symptom is unique to the person who suffers with it. Symptoms are painful, but they are also startlingly creative, personal and specific. Sometimes the body is asked to express the scary, painful things that words cannot. When physical symptoms occur without a medical explanation, we can look to them to help us understand the mental and emotional landscape.
Our symptoms have something to say. Different symptoms bring people into psychotherapy: anxiousness, chronic sadness, creative and artistic block, loneliness, addictions, sexual obsessions. Symptoms are a language, and though they are often labeled as depression or anxiety, the meaning of a symptom is unique to the person who suffers with it. Symptoms are painful, but they are also startlingly creative, personal and specific. Sometimes the body is asked to express the scary, painful things that words cannot. When physical symptoms occur without a medical explanation, we can look to them to help us understand the mental and emotional landscape.
(314) 266-4276 View (314) 266-4276
Photo of Ally Leavitt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Ally Leavitt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105  (Online Only)
I believe that the mind, body, and spirit are naturally inclined to healing if given the right space and support. I find a particular interest in working with victims of narcissistic abuse and betrayals and incorporate DBT, somatic counseling, mindfulness, emotionally focused therapy and narrative therapy into my work with these individuals. I also offer couples counseling services and utilize the Gottman Method to address the real work and change needed for couples to heal. LGTBQIA+ affirming.
I believe that the mind, body, and spirit are naturally inclined to healing if given the right space and support. I find a particular interest in working with victims of narcissistic abuse and betrayals and incorporate DBT, somatic counseling, mindfulness, emotionally focused therapy and narrative therapy into my work with these individuals. I also offer couples counseling services and utilize the Gottman Method to address the real work and change needed for couples to heal. LGTBQIA+ affirming.
(314) 293-4904 View (314) 293-4904
Photo of Rebecca A Mowen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Rebecca A Mowen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC, CIP
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
I believe that in order to effectively navigate relationships, whether at home, in the workplace, or within the community, it is essential to understand and address the dynamics of the larger systems at play. By taking a holistic and systemic approach to therapy, I work collaboratively with clients to empower them to put their 'oxygen mask' on first and foster healthier relationships within the context of their unique systems.
I believe that in order to effectively navigate relationships, whether at home, in the workplace, or within the community, it is essential to understand and address the dynamics of the larger systems at play. By taking a holistic and systemic approach to therapy, I work collaboratively with clients to empower them to put their 'oxygen mask' on first and foster healthier relationships within the context of their unique systems.
(314) 254-9249 View (314) 254-9249
Photo of Beth Vaccaro, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Beth Vaccaro
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
I am an experienced therapist working from a psychodynamic perspective. That means I want to not only understand what issue or problem brings you to my office, but understand its origin and history. I also believe the greatest healing in therapy occurs in the connection and relationship between you and me.
I am an experienced therapist working from a psychodynamic perspective. That means I want to not only understand what issue or problem brings you to my office, but understand its origin and history. I also believe the greatest healing in therapy occurs in the connection and relationship between you and me.
(314) 936-4590 View (314) 936-4590
Photo of Katie Bridges McDaniel, Marriage & Family Therapist in Clayton, MO
Katie Bridges McDaniel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105  (Online Only)
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist who enjoys working with individuals and couples. I have experience working with a variety of clinical issues including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, family and life transitions, parenting, school and work stressors, relationships, self-esteem, and trauma. I take a systems approach by understanding that each person is a part of a whole emotional and relational unit. I use Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy, Collaborative Language Therapy, and psychoeducation to help clients improve communication, foster coping skills, and plan for a better future.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist who enjoys working with individuals and couples. I have experience working with a variety of clinical issues including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, family and life transitions, parenting, school and work stressors, relationships, self-esteem, and trauma. I take a systems approach by understanding that each person is a part of a whole emotional and relational unit. I use Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy, Collaborative Language Therapy, and psychoeducation to help clients improve communication, foster coping skills, and plan for a better future.
(314) 804-2001 View (314) 804-2001
Photo of Stacey Budke, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Stacey Budke
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
I believe we all have the capacity to improve our lives and understand ourselves more fully. It takes a great deal of courage to ask for help. Appreciating and respecting that courage, my work is to help my clients attain their goals. We do this together as a team. Being stuck personally or professionally is poignantly uncomfortable. Together we can move thru and beyond this state and get to the other side. To address your individuality I utilize a wide array of interventions: mindfulness-based talk therapy, somatic techniques, art therapy, music therapy.
I believe we all have the capacity to improve our lives and understand ourselves more fully. It takes a great deal of courage to ask for help. Appreciating and respecting that courage, my work is to help my clients attain their goals. We do this together as a team. Being stuck personally or professionally is poignantly uncomfortable. Together we can move thru and beyond this state and get to the other side. To address your individuality I utilize a wide array of interventions: mindfulness-based talk therapy, somatic techniques, art therapy, music therapy.
(314) 361-7799 View (314) 361-7799
Photo of Alli Gannon, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Alli Gannon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Hi, I’m Alli Gannon! I’m a licensed mental health therapist in St. Louis, Missouri with a passion for helping people live healthy, authentic, and meaningful lives. I specialize in anxiety, relationship conflicts, self-esteem, and trauma.
Hi, I’m Alli Gannon! I’m a licensed mental health therapist in St. Louis, Missouri with a passion for helping people live healthy, authentic, and meaningful lives. I specialize in anxiety, relationship conflicts, self-esteem, and trauma.
(314) 451-7966 View (314) 451-7966
Photo of Andy Conrad, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Andy Conrad
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Thank you for considering me as your counselor. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Nationally Certified Counselor (NCC). Additionally, I am a burden, humorous, annoying, musical, incorrect, artistic, wise, slow, and energetic. I welcome you to come in and allow us to accept our true nature, together. I take what I do seriously, but I don’t take myself seriously. I specialize in serving individuals suffering from obsessions and compulsions, anxiety-related issues, body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRB), depression and emotional dysregulation, and existential dilemmas.
Thank you for considering me as your counselor. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Nationally Certified Counselor (NCC). Additionally, I am a burden, humorous, annoying, musical, incorrect, artistic, wise, slow, and energetic. I welcome you to come in and allow us to accept our true nature, together. I take what I do seriously, but I don’t take myself seriously. I specialize in serving individuals suffering from obsessions and compulsions, anxiety-related issues, body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRB), depression and emotional dysregulation, and existential dilemmas.
(314) 582-3278 View (314) 582-3278
Photo of Ben Koenig, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Ben Koenig
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Life’s challenges often feel overwhelming. Whether these challenges are encountered in pursuit of a healthier lifestyle, in trying to connect with your dearest loved ones, or in coping with a variety of big and small setbacks, there exists a pathway to success and happiness within you that is yet untapped. With all of the outside pressures coming from our school/job, family, romantic and friend relationships it can be difficult to establish our own needs. Let me help you build a healthy relationship with yourself by unraveling those things that tie you down and re-creating a life of intention and connection.
Life’s challenges often feel overwhelming. Whether these challenges are encountered in pursuit of a healthier lifestyle, in trying to connect with your dearest loved ones, or in coping with a variety of big and small setbacks, there exists a pathway to success and happiness within you that is yet untapped. With all of the outside pressures coming from our school/job, family, romantic and friend relationships it can be difficult to establish our own needs. Let me help you build a healthy relationship with yourself by unraveling those things that tie you down and re-creating a life of intention and connection.
(314) 866-8212 View (314) 866-8212
Photo of Francesca M Ferrentelli, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Francesca M Ferrentelli
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, BCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
My style is informed by EMDR therapy, psychodynamic therapy, Jungian and depth psychology, and positive psychology. I am a licensed professional counselor, a certified EMDR clinician, and a board certified coach. My training and experience has prepared me to help clients with trauma, anxiety, addictions, depression, disordered eating, body image dissatisfaction, life's additions, My approach helps people recognize and change counterproductive patterns in their lives. relationship issues, life transitions, anxiety, and depression. I want to assist people to develop newer, healthier patterns in their lives.
My style is informed by EMDR therapy, psychodynamic therapy, Jungian and depth psychology, and positive psychology. I am a licensed professional counselor, a certified EMDR clinician, and a board certified coach. My training and experience has prepared me to help clients with trauma, anxiety, addictions, depression, disordered eating, body image dissatisfaction, life's additions, My approach helps people recognize and change counterproductive patterns in their lives. relationship issues, life transitions, anxiety, and depression. I want to assist people to develop newer, healthier patterns in their lives.
(314) 283-5664 View (314) 283-5664
Photo of Jamie Fickert Klenke, Psychologist in Clayton, MO
Jamie Fickert Klenke
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, specializing in evidence-based psychotherapy as well as diagnostic assessment. I am committed to providing the utmost quality care and have a sincere interest in helping clients build the skills to help them live a full, rewarding, and values-driven life. I believe growth occurs when we are present, mindful, genuine, and willing to engage in meaningful, yet potentially difficult work. I have experience working with a variety of populations and have a sincere interest in providing culturally competent care to a diverse set of clients.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, specializing in evidence-based psychotherapy as well as diagnostic assessment. I am committed to providing the utmost quality care and have a sincere interest in helping clients build the skills to help them live a full, rewarding, and values-driven life. I believe growth occurs when we are present, mindful, genuine, and willing to engage in meaningful, yet potentially difficult work. I have experience working with a variety of populations and have a sincere interest in providing culturally competent care to a diverse set of clients.
(217) 488-4109 View (217) 488-4109
Photo of Lindsay C Nichols, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Lindsay C Nichols
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63124
Hello! Are you tired of suffering from emotional and/or physical pain? I can help you in a way that is truly unique and you can see results very quickly. Through my experience I have developed an innate ability to help clients step out of their comfort zone through examination of their external environment from different points of view. I understand that the cornerstone of change is assisting each client with breaking down the walls that surround them to find deeper meaning. My sessions focus on engagement and the therapeutic alliance which leads to effective change. I promise that you will begin noticing changes immediately.
Hello! Are you tired of suffering from emotional and/or physical pain? I can help you in a way that is truly unique and you can see results very quickly. Through my experience I have developed an innate ability to help clients step out of their comfort zone through examination of their external environment from different points of view. I understand that the cornerstone of change is assisting each client with breaking down the walls that surround them to find deeper meaning. My sessions focus on engagement and the therapeutic alliance which leads to effective change. I promise that you will begin noticing changes immediately.
(314) 697-2439 View (314) 697-2439
Photo of Dr. Michelle Echols, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Dr. Michelle Echols
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LMSW, CADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Are you struggling to function? Are you dealing with stress and/or anxiety? Is your home chaotic? Let me help you learn to deal and cope with stressors, heal relationships, and prioritize wellness in a safe space! I work with clients 6 and up, and specialize in couples therapy, family therapy, and substance use counseling. I look forward to walking alongside you on your journey to wellness.
Are you struggling to function? Are you dealing with stress and/or anxiety? Is your home chaotic? Let me help you learn to deal and cope with stressors, heal relationships, and prioritize wellness in a safe space! I work with clients 6 and up, and specialize in couples therapy, family therapy, and substance use counseling. I look forward to walking alongside you on your journey to wellness.
(314) 501-9853 View (314) 501-9853
Photo of Tamara Blum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Tamara Blum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63117
Making the decision to seek therapy and then finding the right therapist can be difficult. You may be struggling with your feelings, behaviors, or relationships. I enjoy working with people on a wide variety of issues. Often this is with individuals and couples who are struggling emotionally, experiencing transitions, or wanting more satisfying relationships. My work tends to focus first on finding relief from problematic symptoms and then on improving relationships and personal growth and development, working towards a happier and more peaceful experience of living. My approach is nurturing and supportive, always respectful.
Making the decision to seek therapy and then finding the right therapist can be difficult. You may be struggling with your feelings, behaviors, or relationships. I enjoy working with people on a wide variety of issues. Often this is with individuals and couples who are struggling emotionally, experiencing transitions, or wanting more satisfying relationships. My work tends to focus first on finding relief from problematic symptoms and then on improving relationships and personal growth and development, working towards a happier and more peaceful experience of living. My approach is nurturing and supportive, always respectful.
(314) 480-5818 View (314) 480-5818
Photo of Akoma Healing & Consultation, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Akoma Healing & Consultation
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105  (Online Only)
My clinical experience in the St. Louis area ranges from working with adults in inpatient treatment centers for mental health and substance abuse to non-profit community case management and trauma therapy. I specialize in working with survivors impacted by sexual, domestic, and community violence. As well as those diagnosed with mental illnesses such as anxiety, PTSD, and those impacted by grief.
My clinical experience in the St. Louis area ranges from working with adults in inpatient treatment centers for mental health and substance abuse to non-profit community case management and trauma therapy. I specialize in working with survivors impacted by sexual, domestic, and community violence. As well as those diagnosed with mental illnesses such as anxiety, PTSD, and those impacted by grief.
(314) 470-9286 View (314) 470-9286
Photo of Jason Duchinsky, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Jason Duchinsky
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
It is my belief that as many paths to wholeness exist as were, are, or will be, people on this planet. Walking our individual paths in pursuit of meaning and purpose is a universal goal. Sometimes life presents us with vexing challenges just when we are determined to accomplish personally and or collectively valuable goals. Or our growth is impeded by painful events that happen to us during the course of living. The path & or goal becomes unclear. And so, my role in the therapeutic process is akin to a guide. Recommending, encouraging, questioning, witnessing you seek to find the best possible expression of your unique wholeness.
It is my belief that as many paths to wholeness exist as were, are, or will be, people on this planet. Walking our individual paths in pursuit of meaning and purpose is a universal goal. Sometimes life presents us with vexing challenges just when we are determined to accomplish personally and or collectively valuable goals. Or our growth is impeded by painful events that happen to us during the course of living. The path & or goal becomes unclear. And so, my role in the therapeutic process is akin to a guide. Recommending, encouraging, questioning, witnessing you seek to find the best possible expression of your unique wholeness.
(314) 310-2808 View (314) 310-2808
Photo of Wellness Alley, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Wellness Alley, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, ACSW, LCSW, CCDP-D
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Do you have long periods of low mood, sadness or anxiety that makes it difficult to face life challenges? Do you have trouble getting motivated? Do you have a history of adverse life experiences or trauma that makes it difficult to cope? There are reasons why you feel the way you do and together, we can discover what is keeping you feeling "stuck." I use a mind-body approach to help resolve issues so you can increase the quality of your life.
Do you have long periods of low mood, sadness or anxiety that makes it difficult to face life challenges? Do you have trouble getting motivated? Do you have a history of adverse life experiences or trauma that makes it difficult to cope? There are reasons why you feel the way you do and together, we can discover what is keeping you feeling "stuck." I use a mind-body approach to help resolve issues so you can increase the quality of your life.
(314) 329-4705 View (314) 329-4705
Photo of Mary Alice Grady in Clayton, MO
Mary Alice Grady
MA, NCC, PLPC, APRN
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Are you experiencing a life transition such as pregnancy, postpartum adjustment, relationship issues, parenting challenges, or midlife changes? Perhaps you are dealing with grief and loss related to infertility, miscarriage, birth trauma, or the loss of a child? Whether you are experiencing stress and anxiety from a life challenge or searching for meaning and purpose after a loss, you possess the wisdom and inner strength for healing and change. I am here to help you clarify your thoughts, feelings, and values to navigate life’s challenges and live a more authentic and meaningful life.
Are you experiencing a life transition such as pregnancy, postpartum adjustment, relationship issues, parenting challenges, or midlife changes? Perhaps you are dealing with grief and loss related to infertility, miscarriage, birth trauma, or the loss of a child? Whether you are experiencing stress and anxiety from a life challenge or searching for meaning and purpose after a loss, you possess the wisdom and inner strength for healing and change. I am here to help you clarify your thoughts, feelings, and values to navigate life’s challenges and live a more authentic and meaningful life.
(314) 886-7834 View (314) 886-7834
Photo of Kristin A Wright, Marriage & Family Therapist in Clayton, MO
Kristin A Wright
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
CHANGE: "to make or become different." Chances are if you're checking out websites for therapists, you're likely thinking about change-either change that you're interested in initiating or change that has been thrust upon you. Regardless, it can be a daunting experience and taking the first step is sometimes the most challenging. Take a look at the information here and on my website, and give me a call if you'd like to talk.
CHANGE: "to make or become different." Chances are if you're checking out websites for therapists, you're likely thinking about change-either change that you're interested in initiating or change that has been thrust upon you. Regardless, it can be a daunting experience and taking the first step is sometimes the most challenging. Take a look at the information here and on my website, and give me a call if you'd like to talk.
(314) 269-0831 View (314) 269-0831

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Clayton, MO

200+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Clayton, MO who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
66% Grief
65% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% Aetna
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
66% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Clayton, MO see their clients

85% In Person and Online
15% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Clayton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.