Therapists in Columbia, MO

Photo of LifeArchitect Coaching, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
LifeArchitect Coaching
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAMFC, LPC, MBA
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65202
The world has only one YOU, and you were made to SHINE! Like an athletic coach, I apply my considerable training, experience, and creativity to help you carve out the steps to get from where you are to where you want to be, providing you support, accountability, and structure along the way. My ideal client is someone willing to do whatever it takes to become everything you are created to be. I provide life coaching to individuals, families, and organizations facing a variety of challenges both in the US and around the world via telephonic and web coaching.
The world has only one YOU, and you were made to SHINE! Like an athletic coach, I apply my considerable training, experience, and creativity to help you carve out the steps to get from where you are to where you want to be, providing you support, accountability, and structure along the way. My ideal client is someone willing to do whatever it takes to become everything you are created to be. I provide life coaching to individuals, families, and organizations facing a variety of challenges both in the US and around the world via telephonic and web coaching.
(816) 759-8210 View (816) 759-8210
Photo of Andrew Taegel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Andrew Taegel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CRADC, MARS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
Are you feeling stuck? Has something happened that has left you feeling empty and exhausted? Do you feel like you're trapped in a cyclone of negative thoughts and fear? Do you feel like you can't just will yourself to "snap out of it?" Are you struggling to find meaning in your life? If you're feeling lost or defeated and you're having difficulty engaging with your own life, I'd like to to assist you in moving toward something meaningful. You can get unstuck and live the way you desire, and you don't have to try to get there alone.
Are you feeling stuck? Has something happened that has left you feeling empty and exhausted? Do you feel like you're trapped in a cyclone of negative thoughts and fear? Do you feel like you can't just will yourself to "snap out of it?" Are you struggling to find meaning in your life? If you're feeling lost or defeated and you're having difficulty engaging with your own life, I'd like to to assist you in moving toward something meaningful. You can get unstuck and live the way you desire, and you don't have to try to get there alone.
(573) 608-1256 View (573) 608-1256
Photo of Jessika Twehous, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Jessika Twehous
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
Taking the first step towards therapy can be daunting, but it’s also a powerful act of self-care and a courageous step towards personal growth. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, navigating a major life transition, or seeking to improve your relationships, I am here to support you every step of the way. I am committed to accompanying you on your journey with empathy, understanding, and unwavering support, empowering you to navigate life's challenges with a newfound resilience and self-compassion. Life can be overwhelming, but you don't have to figure it all out alone. You deserve a space to be heard, seen, and understood.
Taking the first step towards therapy can be daunting, but it’s also a powerful act of self-care and a courageous step towards personal growth. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, navigating a major life transition, or seeking to improve your relationships, I am here to support you every step of the way. I am committed to accompanying you on your journey with empathy, understanding, and unwavering support, empowering you to navigate life's challenges with a newfound resilience and self-compassion. Life can be overwhelming, but you don't have to figure it all out alone. You deserve a space to be heard, seen, and understood.
(573) 463-6514 View (573) 463-6514
Photo of Xander Kennedy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Xander Kennedy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
A strong therapeutic relationship is the key to effective counseling and achieving positive change. Whether you are the parent of a child who is struggling in this post-pandemic world, a young adult feeling overwhelmed with various aspects of life, or an older individual striving to put things back in order, I'm here to help and look forward to establishing a positive rapport with you or your child.
A strong therapeutic relationship is the key to effective counseling and achieving positive change. Whether you are the parent of a child who is struggling in this post-pandemic world, a young adult feeling overwhelmed with various aspects of life, or an older individual striving to put things back in order, I'm here to help and look forward to establishing a positive rapport with you or your child.
(573) 261-5715 View (573) 261-5715
Photo of Marjorie Lynne Roberts, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Marjorie Lynne Roberts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
Waitlist for new clients
My specialties in therapy include trauma, anxiety and depression. It can be very difficult at times to know how to manage or deal with challenges in our lives. I believe every person has an inner strength that allows them to face life issues and learn new ways to accept or change these challenges. This work is completely collaborative from setting goals to hearing your feedback about progress and other possible treatments to use. I will assist you in finding healthier ways of thinking and actions to deal with difficulties. The first step to take is often the hardest but may be one of the important and meaningful step you make.
My specialties in therapy include trauma, anxiety and depression. It can be very difficult at times to know how to manage or deal with challenges in our lives. I believe every person has an inner strength that allows them to face life issues and learn new ways to accept or change these challenges. This work is completely collaborative from setting goals to hearing your feedback about progress and other possible treatments to use. I will assist you in finding healthier ways of thinking and actions to deal with difficulties. The first step to take is often the hardest but may be one of the important and meaningful step you make.
(573) 400-0373 View (573) 400-0373
Photo of Laura McMurry Msw Lcsw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Laura McMurry Msw Lcsw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65202
Waitlist for new clients
Trauma recovery just got easier thanks to the new therapy Deep Brain Reorienting. Our bodies respond to shocking stimuli in under 1 second and the neuroscience behind these responses is now being applied to psychotherapy. There are ways to "unwind" from the residual shock symptoms that can be held beneath our conscious awareness. DBR is an alternative to EMDR and standard talk therapies, as it focuses on bodily responses and sensations.
Trauma recovery just got easier thanks to the new therapy Deep Brain Reorienting. Our bodies respond to shocking stimuli in under 1 second and the neuroscience behind these responses is now being applied to psychotherapy. There are ways to "unwind" from the residual shock symptoms that can be held beneath our conscious awareness. DBR is an alternative to EMDR and standard talk therapies, as it focuses on bodily responses and sensations.
(573) 206-4093 View (573) 206-4093
Photo of Linda Pogo, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Linda Pogo, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CPC, YTT200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203  (Online Only)
I help you heal from the past, accept what is, and live life with intention. Relationship wounds can cause you to lose touch with parts of yourself. You can learn to reconnect with and heal those parts, become the source of your own self-love, self-acceptance, and self-worth. Through radical acceptance of self, others and the world, you can cultivate wisdom and compassion as an internal refuge. I can help you face what is painful and create intention for how you want to be in a world that is not always as you wish it to be. A sense of well-being and peace can be cultivated, even in the midst of chaos, loss and unwanted change.
I help you heal from the past, accept what is, and live life with intention. Relationship wounds can cause you to lose touch with parts of yourself. You can learn to reconnect with and heal those parts, become the source of your own self-love, self-acceptance, and self-worth. Through radical acceptance of self, others and the world, you can cultivate wisdom and compassion as an internal refuge. I can help you face what is painful and create intention for how you want to be in a world that is not always as you wish it to be. A sense of well-being and peace can be cultivated, even in the midst of chaos, loss and unwanted change.
(573) 340-9934 View (573) 340-9934
Photo of Chris Mawhinney, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Chris Mawhinney
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65202
If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship issues, and you want to find peace of mind, balance, and resolution, then I may be the counselor for you.
If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship issues, and you want to find peace of mind, balance, and resolution, then I may be the counselor for you.
(573) 284-2918 View (573) 284-2918
Photo of Julia Lee, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Julia Lee
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
I am licensed in Missouri with 10 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, & motivation, self esteem, and confidence. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. I am here to support you in that process.
I am licensed in Missouri with 10 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, & motivation, self esteem, and confidence. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. I am here to support you in that process.
(573) 763-4637 View (573) 763-4637
Photo of Valerie Hooper, Psychologist in Columbia, MO
Valerie Hooper
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65201  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Do you want to thrive but feel you are just surviving? Are you spinning in circles not sure how to do it? As a licensed psychologist and owner of Vitality Psychological Services, my desire is to empower you on your mental health journey. Whether you are looking for a psychological assessment or therapy services, it begins with developing a relationship and gaining an understanding of the problem. I will take the time to listen and collaboratively develop a plan with you.
Do you want to thrive but feel you are just surviving? Are you spinning in circles not sure how to do it? As a licensed psychologist and owner of Vitality Psychological Services, my desire is to empower you on your mental health journey. Whether you are looking for a psychological assessment or therapy services, it begins with developing a relationship and gaining an understanding of the problem. I will take the time to listen and collaboratively develop a plan with you.
(573) 363-4356 View (573) 363-4356
Photo of Morgan Pemberton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Morgan Pemberton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Waitlist for new clients
If you are searching for a therapist at this time, it likely means that something in your life is not working the way you would want it to. I want to help you through this difficult time, and build the skills and abilities needed to, not only deal with this current concern, but also develop the psychological flexibility to deal with whatever comes up in the future as well. I believe in taking a collaborative approach with my clients to help them lead their lives the way they want to. Taking the first step is great! Let's talk to help you continue on this journey.
If you are searching for a therapist at this time, it likely means that something in your life is not working the way you would want it to. I want to help you through this difficult time, and build the skills and abilities needed to, not only deal with this current concern, but also develop the psychological flexibility to deal with whatever comes up in the future as well. I believe in taking a collaborative approach with my clients to help them lead their lives the way they want to. Taking the first step is great! Let's talk to help you continue on this journey.
(573) 828-4009 x1012 View (573) 828-4009 x1012
Photo of Bethany Wybert, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Bethany Wybert
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65201
You’re feeling broken. I can help you pick up the pieces. You want more out of life. Maybe you want a more healthy, vibrant marriage. Maybe you want to let go of anger and resentments from past traumas that are stealing your peace and joy today. Maybe you want to say “no” more-without feeling guilty. You are not your problems. You are full of possibilities that are just waiting to be discovered.
You’re feeling broken. I can help you pick up the pieces. You want more out of life. Maybe you want a more healthy, vibrant marriage. Maybe you want to let go of anger and resentments from past traumas that are stealing your peace and joy today. Maybe you want to say “no” more-without feeling guilty. You are not your problems. You are full of possibilities that are just waiting to be discovered.
(573) 679-3439 View (573) 679-3439
Photo of Virginia Almon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Virginia Almon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65201  (Online Only)
If you find yourself struggling with feeling overwhelmed, depressed, confused, disconnected, or anxious, I can provide effective therapy for your distress. Life can be extremely challenging and it is healthy to reach out for help when we feel stuck and unable to make changes. As I listen carefully to your concerns and your story, we will work together to achieve your goals in a safe, supportive atmosphere.
If you find yourself struggling with feeling overwhelmed, depressed, confused, disconnected, or anxious, I can provide effective therapy for your distress. Life can be extremely challenging and it is healthy to reach out for help when we feel stuck and unable to make changes. As I listen carefully to your concerns and your story, we will work together to achieve your goals in a safe, supportive atmosphere.
(573) 575-8139 View (573) 575-8139
Photo of Emily Paulsen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Emily Paulsen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, SEP, NARM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
Waitlist for new clients
I believe fear of judgment and shame often make us feel like we have to go through things alone. I provide a nonjudgmental and supportive environment for you to be able to process your struggles. We will work together to explore how we can address what is getting in the way of what you truly want for yourself. I have worked with clients with many different types of problems but my specialties are in working with eating disorders, trauma, and anxiety disorders. Regardless of the type of struggle, my hope is to help empower my clients to realize their true inner strength and resiliency.
I believe fear of judgment and shame often make us feel like we have to go through things alone. I provide a nonjudgmental and supportive environment for you to be able to process your struggles. We will work together to explore how we can address what is getting in the way of what you truly want for yourself. I have worked with clients with many different types of problems but my specialties are in working with eating disorders, trauma, and anxiety disorders. Regardless of the type of struggle, my hope is to help empower my clients to realize their true inner strength and resiliency.
(573) 575-4025 View (573) 575-4025
Photo of Katrina Kanwischer Jagim, Marriage & Family Therapist in Columbia, MO
Katrina Kanwischer Jagim
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65202  (Online Only)
Hi! I am a trauma-informed,licensed marriage and family therapist that works with individuals, couples and families. I facilitate a warm, caring, and open space where clients can explore their emotions, attachment styles, build resilience, and discover inner strengths. My typical client is a high achieving/perfectionist type personality learning better ways of managing these symptoms and internal processes. I facilitate a deeper understanding of where present symptoms stem from (the root). I specialize in Anxiety, depression, stress, grief, loss, parenting, trauma, infertility/RPL and couples. Www.newmoontherapyllc.org
Hi! I am a trauma-informed,licensed marriage and family therapist that works with individuals, couples and families. I facilitate a warm, caring, and open space where clients can explore their emotions, attachment styles, build resilience, and discover inner strengths. My typical client is a high achieving/perfectionist type personality learning better ways of managing these symptoms and internal processes. I facilitate a deeper understanding of where present symptoms stem from (the root). I specialize in Anxiety, depression, stress, grief, loss, parenting, trauma, infertility/RPL and couples. Www.newmoontherapyllc.org
(573) 633-4126 View (573) 633-4126
Photo of Rebecca Garcia, Licensed Professional Counselor in Columbia, MO
Rebecca Garcia
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, RN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65202
If you find yourself longing for peace, struggling with anxiety & fear and have a desire for healthier relationships, maybe all you need is some help gaining insight into this season of life. I believe everyone has a story worth hearing. I consider it a privilege to sit with others in a sacred space and hear their heart as they give me permission to journey with them towards healing.
If you find yourself longing for peace, struggling with anxiety & fear and have a desire for healthier relationships, maybe all you need is some help gaining insight into this season of life. I believe everyone has a story worth hearing. I consider it a privilege to sit with others in a sacred space and hear their heart as they give me permission to journey with them towards healing.
(573) 294-2448 View (573) 294-2448
Photo of Michael J Mayer, Psychologist in Columbia, MO
Michael J Mayer
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203
I love working with all types of relationships. Life is about relationships with our parents, our significant other, our children, our co-workers, our friends and our higher power(our God)and any other person who affects our lives. My goal is to help you reach your goals in life. I can help you achieve this level of success. I work with individuals, families, couples and with workplace issues. I have been in practice for over 25 years and still find each person or situation challenging. Give me a call or e-mail. My goal is to touch your life in some positive way.
I love working with all types of relationships. Life is about relationships with our parents, our significant other, our children, our co-workers, our friends and our higher power(our God)and any other person who affects our lives. My goal is to help you reach your goals in life. I can help you achieve this level of success. I work with individuals, families, couples and with workplace issues. I have been in practice for over 25 years and still find each person or situation challenging. Give me a call or e-mail. My goal is to touch your life in some positive way.
(573) 246-0917 View (573) 246-0917
Photo of Kelsey Rosson, LPC Intern in Columbia, MO
Kelsey Rosson
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203  (Online Only)
Feelings and emotions, ugh. They can make or break our day sometimes. It’s ok, let’s talk about it. Life is hard, but you do not have to do it alone. Everyday burdens can feel unbearable or too hard to manage on your own. It takes alot of courage to take the first step and ask for help. You are searching for a therapist because you know something has to change, you want to feel better, you need to overcome things in your life that have held you back. There is no better time than today to make yourself a priority, grow, and become your best self. My goal is to meet you wherever you are and help you achieve the life you want.
Feelings and emotions, ugh. They can make or break our day sometimes. It’s ok, let’s talk about it. Life is hard, but you do not have to do it alone. Everyday burdens can feel unbearable or too hard to manage on your own. It takes alot of courage to take the first step and ask for help. You are searching for a therapist because you know something has to change, you want to feel better, you need to overcome things in your life that have held you back. There is no better time than today to make yourself a priority, grow, and become your best self. My goal is to meet you wherever you are and help you achieve the life you want.
(573) 294-2254 View (573) 294-2254
Photo of Victoria Warren, Pre-Licensed Professional in Columbia, MO
Victoria Warren
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
Columbia, MO 65203
Waitlist for new clients
I assist clients who desire to experience their relationship with self and others in a more holistic way. I strive to create a shame free environment where I can empathetically listen to clients and understand who they are in context to their own life experiences. I incorporate movement, and yoga based principles into my work with clients when the therapeutic process calls for it. It is my intention to support clients in their therapeutic journey by assisting them in becoming more aware of their own emotions, thoughts, and communication patterns in their relationships.
I assist clients who desire to experience their relationship with self and others in a more holistic way. I strive to create a shame free environment where I can empathetically listen to clients and understand who they are in context to their own life experiences. I incorporate movement, and yoga based principles into my work with clients when the therapeutic process calls for it. It is my intention to support clients in their therapeutic journey by assisting them in becoming more aware of their own emotions, thoughts, and communication patterns in their relationships.
(573) 763-2499 x101 View (573) 763-2499 x101
Photo of Emily Arth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Columbia, MO
Emily Arth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CDWF, RTTP, CHyp
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbia, MO 65203  (Online Only)
Stuck in cycles of people-pleasing, perfectionism, and over functioning? Do you desire to step beyond past trauma? Ready to break up with those old cycles that keep holding you back from a life of greater joy and authenticity? If these questions pull on your heartstrings, you’ve found me for a reason. I’ve been helping people overcome relational trauma since 2011, as I facilitate proven, world-class methods to deliver the powerful life change you seek. I work adeptly with those recovering from mother and father wounds, relationship trauma, as well as sexual abuse.
Stuck in cycles of people-pleasing, perfectionism, and over functioning? Do you desire to step beyond past trauma? Ready to break up with those old cycles that keep holding you back from a life of greater joy and authenticity? If these questions pull on your heartstrings, you’ve found me for a reason. I’ve been helping people overcome relational trauma since 2011, as I facilitate proven, world-class methods to deliver the powerful life change you seek. I work adeptly with those recovering from mother and father wounds, relationship trauma, as well as sexual abuse.
(573) 229-0579 View (573) 229-0579

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Columbia, MO

200+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Columbia, MO who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
84% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
71% Stress
69% Coping Skills
66% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% Aetna
69% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Columbia, MO see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Columbia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.