Therapists in Dedham, MA

Photo of Innovative Social Solutions LLC, Pre-Licensed Professional in Dedham, MA
Innovative Social Solutions LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, TCTSY-F
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Whether you are dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, or simply seeking a deeper understanding of yourself and your relationships, I am here to support you with empathy and expertise.
Whether you are dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, or simply seeking a deeper understanding of yourself and your relationships, I am here to support you with empathy and expertise.
(781) 384-6301 View (781) 384-6301
Photo of Amanda Leone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Amanda Leone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
I have more than twenty years experience treating trauma, depression, anxiety, and grief. My clinical background includes EMDR, DBT, and mindfulness-based therapies. These techniques can address symptoms such as low mood, anxiety, feelings of disconnection, self-criticism, sleep problems, and troubling thoughts about the past. A personalized approach to therapy will support you to navigate life changes and losses, and reconnect with positive feelings.
I have more than twenty years experience treating trauma, depression, anxiety, and grief. My clinical background includes EMDR, DBT, and mindfulness-based therapies. These techniques can address symptoms such as low mood, anxiety, feelings of disconnection, self-criticism, sleep problems, and troubling thoughts about the past. A personalized approach to therapy will support you to navigate life changes and losses, and reconnect with positive feelings.
(339) 217-8348 View (339) 217-8348
Photo of Cheryl Pratt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Cheryl Pratt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, ACSW, CIMHP
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am only accepting private pay clients at this time. I provide counseling for individuals, couples, & families of all ages. I believe that my clients can effectively change their life by being an active participant in the therapy process. I provide an empathetic and nurturing environment for all my clients as well as offer bold advice to foster personal growth. I specialize in substance abuse, depression, bipolar disorder, women's issues, grief and loss, anxiety/panic, trauma, and emotional and behavioral issues of children and adolescents.
I am only accepting private pay clients at this time. I provide counseling for individuals, couples, & families of all ages. I believe that my clients can effectively change their life by being an active participant in the therapy process. I provide an empathetic and nurturing environment for all my clients as well as offer bold advice to foster personal growth. I specialize in substance abuse, depression, bipolar disorder, women's issues, grief and loss, anxiety/panic, trauma, and emotional and behavioral issues of children and adolescents.
(617) 682-9072 View (617) 682-9072
Photo of Leah Oles, Counselor in Dedham, MA
Leah Oles
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
Hi there! I’m licensed in Massachusetts and I specialize with working with children (ages 5+), families, adults and I am a proud ally to the LGBTQI+ community. I have assisted individuals with a variety of mental health needs including, but not limited to; depression, anxiety, conduct disorders, neurodevelopment disorders, and trauma and stressor related disorders.
Hi there! I’m licensed in Massachusetts and I specialize with working with children (ages 5+), families, adults and I am a proud ally to the LGBTQI+ community. I have assisted individuals with a variety of mental health needs including, but not limited to; depression, anxiety, conduct disorders, neurodevelopment disorders, and trauma and stressor related disorders.
Photo of Christopher Charles, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Christopher Charles
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CADC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Each of us has felt judged, marginalized, fearful, hopeless, and confused. During these times, it can be difficult to reach out, to ask for help, and to trust. Sometimes we feel unsafe. When we experience these challenges, it can be so hard to confront these difficult aspects of ourselves. My strength is to provide you with understanding and compassion. My strength is to help you feel safe, so you can move beyond some of the inner narratives that hold you back. In our first session together, we will review why you have come to therapy and get started on the identification of the issues we can collaborate on together.
Each of us has felt judged, marginalized, fearful, hopeless, and confused. During these times, it can be difficult to reach out, to ask for help, and to trust. Sometimes we feel unsafe. When we experience these challenges, it can be so hard to confront these difficult aspects of ourselves. My strength is to provide you with understanding and compassion. My strength is to help you feel safe, so you can move beyond some of the inner narratives that hold you back. In our first session together, we will review why you have come to therapy and get started on the identification of the issues we can collaborate on together.
(339) 330-5119 View (339) 330-5119
Photo of Philip Ndegwa, Counselor in Dedham, MA
Philip Ndegwa Ndegwa
Counselor, LMFT, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel as if the world is evolving at an overwhelming rate? feeling as if every time you go to bed you wake up in a new realm? Makes absolute sense to feel that way. I hope the time that you chose to invest in your self will support you to take a deep breath and be able to reflect on your ability to take control of the things that you can and learn to let go of the things that you cannot. Between anxiety, depression, societal expectations, racial injustice and the plethora of change in our world, its good to have someone to rely on processing the everyday shifts.
Do you feel as if the world is evolving at an overwhelming rate? feeling as if every time you go to bed you wake up in a new realm? Makes absolute sense to feel that way. I hope the time that you chose to invest in your self will support you to take a deep breath and be able to reflect on your ability to take control of the things that you can and learn to let go of the things that you cannot. Between anxiety, depression, societal expectations, racial injustice and the plethora of change in our world, its good to have someone to rely on processing the everyday shifts.
(774) 208-0524 View (774) 208-0524
Photo of Steven Saranga, LMHC, Counselor in Dedham, MA
Steven Saranga, LMHC
Counselor, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My practice is currently full and I am not accepting new clients. Are you feeling stressed? Are you tired of conflict with a loved one? If you're looking for someone to help work through these concerns and gain new skills and strategies for living an emotionally healthier life, I can help. I view my role as helping you identify the roots of your struggle, how they get perpetuated and why, and learn new and healthier ways of managing the curve balls life throws your way.
My practice is currently full and I am not accepting new clients. Are you feeling stressed? Are you tired of conflict with a loved one? If you're looking for someone to help work through these concerns and gain new skills and strategies for living an emotionally healthier life, I can help. I view my role as helping you identify the roots of your struggle, how they get perpetuated and why, and learn new and healthier ways of managing the curve balls life throws your way.
(978) 451-6240 View (978) 451-6240
Photo of Hayleigh Dumas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Hayleigh Dumas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Hayleigh is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with 8 years of experience treating children, adolescents, early adulthood and family systems. Hayleigh is client focused with special attention focused on the whole individual within their community settings. Hayleigh has experience working with children across the lifespan with training in 0-5 diagnoses and treatment, adolescent addiction training (ACRA), clinical assessment and experience within the school system. Hayleigh has spent considerable time treating behavioral disorders in children as well as anxiety, ADHD, autism, trauma, and depression, among others.
Hayleigh is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with 8 years of experience treating children, adolescents, early adulthood and family systems. Hayleigh is client focused with special attention focused on the whole individual within their community settings. Hayleigh has experience working with children across the lifespan with training in 0-5 diagnoses and treatment, adolescent addiction training (ACRA), clinical assessment and experience within the school system. Hayleigh has spent considerable time treating behavioral disorders in children as well as anxiety, ADHD, autism, trauma, and depression, among others.
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Photo of Elizabeth H. Wilson, Psychologist in Dedham, MA
Elizabeth H. Wilson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
Not accepting new clients
For the past 19 years I have worked with women of all ages facing issues such as depression, anxiety, addiction, bereavement, post-partum depression, relationship/marital stress, and infertility. My training is primarily psychodynamic, but my approach is holistic, and I have studied alternative therapies, including shamanic healing and mindfulness. I am particularly interested in the intersection between emotions, nutrition, and spiritual wellness. My office is located in Dedham, but since March 2020 I have been conducting all therapy online, and will continue to do so for the foreseeable months ahead.
For the past 19 years I have worked with women of all ages facing issues such as depression, anxiety, addiction, bereavement, post-partum depression, relationship/marital stress, and infertility. My training is primarily psychodynamic, but my approach is holistic, and I have studied alternative therapies, including shamanic healing and mindfulness. I am particularly interested in the intersection between emotions, nutrition, and spiritual wellness. My office is located in Dedham, but since March 2020 I have been conducting all therapy online, and will continue to do so for the foreseeable months ahead.
(774) 217-7799 View (774) 217-7799
Photo of Anna Rosenspan, Counselor in Dedham, MA
Anna Rosenspan
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
OFFERING TELETHERAPY. I provide support for anyone who feels stressed, worried, or restless. Do you find your energy level is not where it used to be? Do you want something to change? Everyone experiences life stressors; therapy can help find your balance and achieve resolutions. I provide a safe and comfortable opportunity for my clients to share their story, learn new coping skills, and let go of things holding them back.
OFFERING TELETHERAPY. I provide support for anyone who feels stressed, worried, or restless. Do you find your energy level is not where it used to be? Do you want something to change? Everyone experiences life stressors; therapy can help find your balance and achieve resolutions. I provide a safe and comfortable opportunity for my clients to share their story, learn new coping skills, and let go of things holding them back.
(617) 712-2755 View (617) 712-2755
Photo of Juliana Wiley Thomas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Juliana Wiley Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
Juliana (she/her) is a clinician who has experience providing therapy to young adults (16+), LGBTQIA+ folks and adults of any and all genders and ages. Juliana provides care for individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD, Autism, Bipolar, personality disorders and trauma as well as those navigating difficult life events and transitions. Juliana uses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, mindfulness-based practices and expressive therapies with her clients and aims to take a person-centered and strengths-based approach.
Juliana (she/her) is a clinician who has experience providing therapy to young adults (16+), LGBTQIA+ folks and adults of any and all genders and ages. Juliana provides care for individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD, Autism, Bipolar, personality disorders and trauma as well as those navigating difficult life events and transitions. Juliana uses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, mindfulness-based practices and expressive therapies with her clients and aims to take a person-centered and strengths-based approach.
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Photo of Rachel Julia Anavah Ewing, Marriage & Family Therapist in Dedham, MA
Rachel Julia Anavah Ewing
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Many times what we learned to do as kids- to cope and manage - no longer serve us as adults. When these strategies are now getting in the way of our every day life and relationships it's time to regroup, work on what's coming up for us, and find new strategies that helps us move forward. I am here to support you to address your experiences, traumas, and challenges that come up in all aspects of your life. I am committed to anti-racism and am from the LGBTQIA+ community. Unfortunately, I am only taking individuals and families, not couples at this time.
Many times what we learned to do as kids- to cope and manage - no longer serve us as adults. When these strategies are now getting in the way of our every day life and relationships it's time to regroup, work on what's coming up for us, and find new strategies that helps us move forward. I am here to support you to address your experiences, traumas, and challenges that come up in all aspects of your life. I am committed to anti-racism and am from the LGBTQIA+ community. Unfortunately, I am only taking individuals and families, not couples at this time.
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Photo of Wildflower Wellness, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Wildflower Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dedham, MA 02026
Not accepting new clients
Supporting your mental and emotional health is just as important to our wellbeing as brushing our teeth or going to the doctors. Seeking therapy can feel vulnerable and intimidating, but know we are here to support and empower you. I specialize in big life transitions and stressors, confidence building, anxiety, depression, and ADHD. As an adjunct service, I also support parents in navigating and learning supportive parenting strategies in healthy communication, social/emotional needs of their children, and emotional regulation.
Supporting your mental and emotional health is just as important to our wellbeing as brushing our teeth or going to the doctors. Seeking therapy can feel vulnerable and intimidating, but know we are here to support and empower you. I specialize in big life transitions and stressors, confidence building, anxiety, depression, and ADHD. As an adjunct service, I also support parents in navigating and learning supportive parenting strategies in healthy communication, social/emotional needs of their children, and emotional regulation.
(339) 526-3552 View (339) 526-3552
Photo of Matt Raspanti, Counselor in Dedham, MA
Matt Raspanti
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
I am currently accepting new clients. Wherever you may be in your journey, I look forward to joining you on your path towards greater mental and emotional well-being. I create a safe and nonjudgmental space to explore your thoughts and feelings, and prioritize that you feel understood. I aim to empower you as we collaborate to view the impact of your life’s stressors from new perspectives, to help you heal, and grow.
I am currently accepting new clients. Wherever you may be in your journey, I look forward to joining you on your path towards greater mental and emotional well-being. I create a safe and nonjudgmental space to explore your thoughts and feelings, and prioritize that you feel understood. I aim to empower you as we collaborate to view the impact of your life’s stressors from new perspectives, to help you heal, and grow.
(617) 765-1377 View (617) 765-1377
Photo of Meredith Tornaritis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Meredith Tornaritis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
I am a licensed social worker with experience providing therapy to adults who are looking to make changes in their life. I believe therapy is a useful tool to learn new ways of coping with challenges and to gain insight into our self, our relationships, and life experiences that shape who we are as people and how we live our lives. My current practice has been focused working with adults experiencing anxiety and/or depression and coping with difficult challenges in life, such as life transitions, career concerns, family conflicts, or relationship stress.
I am a licensed social worker with experience providing therapy to adults who are looking to make changes in their life. I believe therapy is a useful tool to learn new ways of coping with challenges and to gain insight into our self, our relationships, and life experiences that shape who we are as people and how we live our lives. My current practice has been focused working with adults experiencing anxiety and/or depression and coping with difficult challenges in life, such as life transitions, career concerns, family conflicts, or relationship stress.
(508) 500-9060 View (508) 500-9060
Photo of Isadora Howard-Karp, Counselor in Dedham, MA
Isadora Howard-Karp
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
I’m a licensed mental health clinician with current daytime openings. I see adults experiencing major life transitions, struggling through difficult periods, or working to break old patterns. I work with children experiencing anxiety, impulsivity, or friendships and I work with parents to help them support their child and adapt their parenting to meet their child's needs. I am LGBTQ+-affirming, direct, caring, and insightful, and I love to use humor in my approach.
I’m a licensed mental health clinician with current daytime openings. I see adults experiencing major life transitions, struggling through difficult periods, or working to break old patterns. I work with children experiencing anxiety, impulsivity, or friendships and I work with parents to help them support their child and adapt their parenting to meet their child's needs. I am LGBTQ+-affirming, direct, caring, and insightful, and I love to use humor in my approach.
(857) 375-8961 View (857) 375-8961
Photo of David W. Werner, Psychologist in Dedham, MA
David W. Werner
Psychologist, Psy, D
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
Not accepting new clients
Psychotherapy is a process of increasing self-awareness, and using what we have discovered to make our lives richer. In order to implement change, the problem must be clearly defined. Human beings are inherently imperfect, understanding our vulnerabilities, our fears ,and our destructive tendencies frees these dynamics to effect change. Absent an awareness of our darker side, we make decisions that are not fully informed and choices that often come back to haunt us. Self-awareness allows us to better understand ourselves and the world. Knowledge is power.
Psychotherapy is a process of increasing self-awareness, and using what we have discovered to make our lives richer. In order to implement change, the problem must be clearly defined. Human beings are inherently imperfect, understanding our vulnerabilities, our fears ,and our destructive tendencies frees these dynamics to effect change. Absent an awareness of our darker side, we make decisions that are not fully informed and choices that often come back to haunt us. Self-awareness allows us to better understand ourselves and the world. Knowledge is power.
(781) 366-0468 View (781) 366-0468
Photo of Innovative Social Solutions, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Innovative Social Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DBH, LICSW, LABA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
As Innovative Social Solutions (Hannah, Amber & Dacia), we are a collaborative of 3 clinicians (and growing) with a passion for health equity. We are focused on increasing access to outpatient therapy for vulnerable, underserved populations including: Parents and caregivers Mothers, particularly struggling to manage postpartum stress Uninsured individuals including undocumented persons Trauma and domestic violence survivors Persons with non-societal conforming identities, including marginalized sexual and gender identities, minority groups, and socially displaced persons Persons wrestling with childhood or family-based trauma.
As Innovative Social Solutions (Hannah, Amber & Dacia), we are a collaborative of 3 clinicians (and growing) with a passion for health equity. We are focused on increasing access to outpatient therapy for vulnerable, underserved populations including: Parents and caregivers Mothers, particularly struggling to manage postpartum stress Uninsured individuals including undocumented persons Trauma and domestic violence survivors Persons with non-societal conforming identities, including marginalized sexual and gender identities, minority groups, and socially displaced persons Persons wrestling with childhood or family-based trauma.
(617) 326-5233 View (617) 326-5233
Photo of Hannah Leffelholz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dedham, MA
Hannah Leffelholz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026
Hannah Leffelholz, LCSW, is a Licensed Certified Social Worker who takes a client-centered approach to therapy. Hannah graduated from Boston College with her Masters of Social Work and has extensive experience working with children, adolescents and adults in a variety of clinical settings including outpatient therapy, community-based mental health, and medical social work. Hannah draws from various therapeutic modalities, including CBT, DBT, solution-focused therapies, play/art therapy, and mindfulness. Hannah creates a safe therapeutic space to work with a wide range of clients on their self-identified goals.
Hannah Leffelholz, LCSW, is a Licensed Certified Social Worker who takes a client-centered approach to therapy. Hannah graduated from Boston College with her Masters of Social Work and has extensive experience working with children, adolescents and adults in a variety of clinical settings including outpatient therapy, community-based mental health, and medical social work. Hannah draws from various therapeutic modalities, including CBT, DBT, solution-focused therapies, play/art therapy, and mindfulness. Hannah creates a safe therapeutic space to work with a wide range of clients on their self-identified goals.
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Photo of Allison Barton, Counselor in Dedham, MA
Allison Barton
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Dedham, MA 02026  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Feeling stuck in the same patterns? I help people managing stress, anxiety, ADHD, parenting issues, eating disorders and body dysmorphia, depression, relationship issues, and chronic health problems (specifically organ transplants). I provide a non-judgmental space to work through emotions and life circumstances, to find connection and support, and be a non-biased sounding board. I work with each of my clients to help identify where they are feeling stuck in life, what kind of changes they envision, barriers that are getting in the way, and how work around those barriers.
Feeling stuck in the same patterns? I help people managing stress, anxiety, ADHD, parenting issues, eating disorders and body dysmorphia, depression, relationship issues, and chronic health problems (specifically organ transplants). I provide a non-judgmental space to work through emotions and life circumstances, to find connection and support, and be a non-biased sounding board. I work with each of my clients to help identify where they are feeling stuck in life, what kind of changes they envision, barriers that are getting in the way, and how work around those barriers.
(339) 229-6109 View (339) 229-6109

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dedham, MA

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Dedham, MA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
85% Depression
76% Self Esteem
74% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
68% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% BlueCross and BlueShield
56% Optum
54% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Dedham, MA see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dedham?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.