Therapists in Miami, FL

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Photo of Stephanie Barshay, Counselor in Miami, FL
Stephanie Barshay
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33186
I am a licensed mental health counselor in Florida with over 15 years of experience. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, including addictions (drugs, alcohol, gambling, eating, shopping, and hoarding), depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, trauma, children and adolescents in foster care, OCD, and eating disorders. I am a qualified supervisor for therapists, have treated professionals with substance abuse disorders to maintain their licensure, and was employed as a psycho-forensic evaluator for the Public Defender's Office in Delaware.
I am a licensed mental health counselor in Florida with over 15 years of experience. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, including addictions (drugs, alcohol, gambling, eating, shopping, and hoarding), depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, trauma, children and adolescents in foster care, OCD, and eating disorders. I am a qualified supervisor for therapists, have treated professionals with substance abuse disorders to maintain their licensure, and was employed as a psycho-forensic evaluator for the Public Defender's Office in Delaware.
(305) 686-5497 View (305) 686-5497
Photo of Elyse M Dermer, Counselor in Miami, FL
Elyse M Dermer
Counselor, LMHC, CAP
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33156
Hi, my name is Elyse and I am a compassionate Licensed Mental Health Counselor. I believe that people have the capacity to grow, heal and change, learning new ways for improving their health and well-being in all areas of life. I will help you with your personal growth; facilitated by setting and working toward goals, assessing and building strengths to develop skills and resources to help you manage life's challenges. I focus on working collaboratively with my clients in a safe and confidential environment to identify goals and work towards positive change to live a harmonious and meaningful life.
Hi, my name is Elyse and I am a compassionate Licensed Mental Health Counselor. I believe that people have the capacity to grow, heal and change, learning new ways for improving their health and well-being in all areas of life. I will help you with your personal growth; facilitated by setting and working toward goals, assessing and building strengths to develop skills and resources to help you manage life's challenges. I focus on working collaboratively with my clients in a safe and confidential environment to identify goals and work towards positive change to live a harmonious and meaningful life.
(786) 767-6765 View (786) 767-6765
Photo of Phylice Kessler, Counselor in Miami, FL
Phylice Kessler
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33186
Phylice Kessler MH 20602 Phylice has more than 25 years of experience and uses her expertise to help others heal and transform. She creates individualized treatment plans utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, DBT, EMDR, acceptance and commitment therapy, solution-focused therapy, mindfulness, motivational interviewing, meditation, positive psychology, and yoga. Phylice has an integrative approach and uses her counseling education and life-coaching skills to help her patients reach attainable goals. I typically work with individuals struggling with anxiety and depression. Many are unhappy with their current lives.
Phylice Kessler MH 20602 Phylice has more than 25 years of experience and uses her expertise to help others heal and transform. She creates individualized treatment plans utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, DBT, EMDR, acceptance and commitment therapy, solution-focused therapy, mindfulness, motivational interviewing, meditation, positive psychology, and yoga. Phylice has an integrative approach and uses her counseling education and life-coaching skills to help her patients reach attainable goals. I typically work with individuals struggling with anxiety and depression. Many are unhappy with their current lives.
(786) 882-6325 View (786) 882-6325
Photo of Rochelle Nuss, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Miami, FL
Rochelle Nuss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33130  (Online Only)
What stops you from leading a happy, productive life? What causes you stress, anxiety and depression? I believe the answer to living a happy successful life rests in our relationship with ourselves and the people we choose to interact with on a daily basis.Self-awareness is the key cornerstone to emotional intelligence.I earned my Masters in Social Work from Columbia University and am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, practicing in the state of Florida. I am a member of The National Association of Social Workers and received postgraduate certificates as a Certified Dementia Practitioner and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
What stops you from leading a happy, productive life? What causes you stress, anxiety and depression? I believe the answer to living a happy successful life rests in our relationship with ourselves and the people we choose to interact with on a daily basis.Self-awareness is the key cornerstone to emotional intelligence.I earned my Masters in Social Work from Columbia University and am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, practicing in the state of Florida. I am a member of The National Association of Social Workers and received postgraduate certificates as a Certified Dementia Practitioner and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
(786) 244-3719 View (786) 244-3719
Photo of Jennifer Benoit, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Miami, FL
Jennifer Benoit
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33181  (Online Only)
Motherhood is the hardest job on the planet. From the moment that you are pregnant, you may find yourself faced with hormonal changes and unexpected emotions. During the postpartum period, you may find that you have questions about your new identity, a sense of grief over the life you had before, and even with all the excitement there may still be some sadness and the looming question of "Is it supposed to feel like this?" Becoming a mom can bring lots of unexpected stuff to the surface. Whether you are dealing with postpartum depression, anxiety, or just a sense that something is off, I am here to help.
Motherhood is the hardest job on the planet. From the moment that you are pregnant, you may find yourself faced with hormonal changes and unexpected emotions. During the postpartum period, you may find that you have questions about your new identity, a sense of grief over the life you had before, and even with all the excitement there may still be some sadness and the looming question of "Is it supposed to feel like this?" Becoming a mom can bring lots of unexpected stuff to the surface. Whether you are dealing with postpartum depression, anxiety, or just a sense that something is off, I am here to help.
(786) 751-4368 View (786) 751-4368
Photo of Mario Valcin, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern in Miami, FL
Mario Valcin
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MS, RMHCI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Miami, FL 33169
It is difficult to navigate the challenging terrain of mental health issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, unresolved emotions, etc. Are you seeking support, understanding, & a safe space to explore your feelings & experiences. I am a therapist who not only recognizes the importance of cultural identity but also specializes in addressing the unique challenges of everyday life. During this journey you will be empowered throughout the therapeutic process. I want to assure you that I'm here to help. My therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, cultural competence, & a commitment to evidence-based therapeutic care.
It is difficult to navigate the challenging terrain of mental health issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, unresolved emotions, etc. Are you seeking support, understanding, & a safe space to explore your feelings & experiences. I am a therapist who not only recognizes the importance of cultural identity but also specializes in addressing the unique challenges of everyday life. During this journey you will be empowered throughout the therapeutic process. I want to assure you that I'm here to help. My therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, cultural competence, & a commitment to evidence-based therapeutic care.
(786) 371-2337 View (786) 371-2337
Photo of Michele Jacobson, Counselor in Miami, FL
Michele Jacobson
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33130  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor located in the State of Florida. With over 19 years experience, I am comfortable dealing with many kinds of challenges/issues and welcome the opportunity to assist you. I would like to work together and help you discover the tools necessary for a new and improved outlook or solution.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor located in the State of Florida. With over 19 years experience, I am comfortable dealing with many kinds of challenges/issues and welcome the opportunity to assist you. I would like to work together and help you discover the tools necessary for a new and improved outlook or solution.
(305) 928-1816 View (305) 928-1816
Photo of Sarah Acosta, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Miami, FL
Sarah Acosta
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33196
We can have difficulties after experiencing a traumatic event. At times, we can feel numb, depressed or unable to regulate our emotions while navigating through life. For parents, it can be overwhelming for children dealing with behavioral issues and/or emotional problems. You are not alone! Here at Helping Hands, clients experience trauma healing through the word of God. As a trained therapist, I empower my clients by navigating them through their traumas and helping them identify how these traumas still show up in their life. During this process of assisting my clients, I guide them to receive healing through Christ.
We can have difficulties after experiencing a traumatic event. At times, we can feel numb, depressed or unable to regulate our emotions while navigating through life. For parents, it can be overwhelming for children dealing with behavioral issues and/or emotional problems. You are not alone! Here at Helping Hands, clients experience trauma healing through the word of God. As a trained therapist, I empower my clients by navigating them through their traumas and helping them identify how these traumas still show up in their life. During this process of assisting my clients, I guide them to receive healing through Christ.
(786) 244-8602 View (786) 244-8602
Photo of Haleh Gianni in Miami, FL
Haleh Gianni
BS, MS, CYP
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33132  (Online Only)
Are you wondering why things are the way they are? Are you questioning your life path, your relationships, your personality, and your family dynamic? Would knowing how to make sense of it all and gain clarity and confidence make a difference in your life? I focus on providing you with a unique and insightful perspective on realizing certain key aspects about yourself and the people in your world. With this approach, you gain practical tools and a new frame of thinking, so you can attain the kind of peace and serenity you desire. Our work solely focuses on you, and the advice is personalized to meet your needs.
Are you wondering why things are the way they are? Are you questioning your life path, your relationships, your personality, and your family dynamic? Would knowing how to make sense of it all and gain clarity and confidence make a difference in your life? I focus on providing you with a unique and insightful perspective on realizing certain key aspects about yourself and the people in your world. With this approach, you gain practical tools and a new frame of thinking, so you can attain the kind of peace and serenity you desire. Our work solely focuses on you, and the advice is personalized to meet your needs.
(305) 614-3909 View (305) 614-3909
Photo of Pamela Detlefsen, Counselor in Miami, FL
Pamela Detlefsen
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33130  (Online Only)
I am a caring, knowledgeable, and well-trained therapist who truly enjoys working with clients. If you are willing to partner we can achieve the results you are looking for. I am educated in the following treatment modalities: individual, couples, and family therapy. I am also certified to treat both substance and process addictions. Although trying to achieve full-time 'happiness' may be a fool's errand, I do believe that finding peace, contentment and well-being with self is the cornerstone for a life that can be both satisfying and robust.
I am a caring, knowledgeable, and well-trained therapist who truly enjoys working with clients. If you are willing to partner we can achieve the results you are looking for. I am educated in the following treatment modalities: individual, couples, and family therapy. I am also certified to treat both substance and process addictions. Although trying to achieve full-time 'happiness' may be a fool's errand, I do believe that finding peace, contentment and well-being with self is the cornerstone for a life that can be both satisfying and robust.
(786) 833-9247 View (786) 833-9247
Photo of Johanna Torres, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Miami, FL
Johanna Torres
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33130  (Online Only)
Hi there, My name is Johanna Torres, and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). I work with adults and specialize in working with young and adult females experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, low self-esteem, family conflicts, and childhood trauma. If you're overwhelmed by anxiety, panic, emotional dysregulation, or that vague brain fog of dissociation or you just want to understand yourself better. I can help you to explore these issues and to find ways to meet your goals and needs. Let's work together. It's time to start healing.
Hi there, My name is Johanna Torres, and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). I work with adults and specialize in working with young and adult females experiencing anxiety, depression, stress, low self-esteem, family conflicts, and childhood trauma. If you're overwhelmed by anxiety, panic, emotional dysregulation, or that vague brain fog of dissociation or you just want to understand yourself better. I can help you to explore these issues and to find ways to meet your goals and needs. Let's work together. It's time to start healing.
(786) 756-8032 View (786) 756-8032
Photo of Vanessa Almendarez, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Miami, FL
Vanessa Almendarez
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, SC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33196  (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Vanessa Almendarez and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in South Florida. I have a passion for helping people fulfill their purpose in life. I specialize in children, adolescence, and adults. I provide an engaged, safe and compassionate space where you can tell your story and explore how thoughts and past experiences impact the way you feel, behave, relate to others and manage life's challenges. I will assist you in finding healthy alternatives and an empowered path forward.
Welcome! My name is Vanessa Almendarez and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in South Florida. I have a passion for helping people fulfill their purpose in life. I specialize in children, adolescence, and adults. I provide an engaged, safe and compassionate space where you can tell your story and explore how thoughts and past experiences impact the way you feel, behave, relate to others and manage life's challenges. I will assist you in finding healthy alternatives and an empowered path forward.
(786) 882-3410 View (786) 882-3410
Photo of Ania Jarmulowicz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Miami, FL
Ania Jarmulowicz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33131  (Online Only)
Therapy is like talking to your best friend, only better! Talking to a friend may be free, but a therapist is a professionally-trained listener who can help you get to the root of your problems, overcome emotional challenges, let go of painful past and make positive changes in your life. I have more than fifteen years of experience working with individuals, couples and families using a whole-person approach tailored to the unique needs of each client. My clients come from diverse cultural, ethnic, socio-economic and religious backgrounds.
Therapy is like talking to your best friend, only better! Talking to a friend may be free, but a therapist is a professionally-trained listener who can help you get to the root of your problems, overcome emotional challenges, let go of painful past and make positive changes in your life. I have more than fifteen years of experience working with individuals, couples and families using a whole-person approach tailored to the unique needs of each client. My clients come from diverse cultural, ethnic, socio-economic and religious backgrounds.
(305) 842-3230 View (305) 842-3230
Photo of Junior Mora-Hammer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Miami, FL
Junior Mora-Hammer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Miami, FL 33137
Hi there! Welcome to my page, if you are here looking for psychotherapy for yourself or for someone else you care about, thank you and congratulations on taking the first step into your wellness journey. As a psychotherapist I enjoy assisting individuals achieve their psycho-emotional goals and live fulfilling lives. Whether you suffer from anxiety, depression, trauma, adjustment disorders or any other type of emotional stressors, please know that with dedicated work and compassion you can learn to manage and control the symptoms that interfere with your day to day life.
Hi there! Welcome to my page, if you are here looking for psychotherapy for yourself or for someone else you care about, thank you and congratulations on taking the first step into your wellness journey. As a psychotherapist I enjoy assisting individuals achieve their psycho-emotional goals and live fulfilling lives. Whether you suffer from anxiety, depression, trauma, adjustment disorders or any other type of emotional stressors, please know that with dedicated work and compassion you can learn to manage and control the symptoms that interfere with your day to day life.
(786) 464-5084 View (786) 464-5084
Photo of Rebecca Bellocchi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Miami, FL
Rebecca Bellocchi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33130  (Online Only)
Hi! My name is Rebecca, and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I'm so excited that you want to take this next step for yourself! Let's be honest, seeking therapy can be scary, yet so rewarding and exciting. My goal is to create an environment that not only challenges you; but allows you a safe place to explore and process different challenges you are facing or goals you are wanting to achieve.
Hi! My name is Rebecca, and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I'm so excited that you want to take this next step for yourself! Let's be honest, seeking therapy can be scary, yet so rewarding and exciting. My goal is to create an environment that not only challenges you; but allows you a safe place to explore and process different challenges you are facing or goals you are wanting to achieve.
(786) 855-6816 View (786) 855-6816
Photo of Lori-Ann Palazzo, Counselor in Miami, FL
Lori-Ann Palazzo
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33130  (Online Only)
I have over 20 years experience as a licensed mental health counselor and substance use working with individuals of all ages. I provide a safe, non judgmental environment.
I have over 20 years experience as a licensed mental health counselor and substance use working with individuals of all ages. I provide a safe, non judgmental environment.
(786) 767-6254 View (786) 767-6254
Photo of Yamilet Guntin, Pre-Licensed Professional in Miami, FL
Yamilet Guntin
Pre-Licensed Professional, Yamilet, Guntin, MCSW
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33131
My name is Yamilet Guntin, I’m a registered license clinical social worker experienced with the mental health needs of adolescents, young adults, adults, families, and couples. As a therapist I have come to understand the power we hold to heal ourselves. With the right therapeutic guide, you can exercise control over your symptoms and reset your nervous system to heighten your functionality and interpersonal relationships. It is my goal to collaborate with you as my client so you can take the lead on the path to recovery, self-efficacy, emotional regulation, self-determination, and the achievement of your goals.
My name is Yamilet Guntin, I’m a registered license clinical social worker experienced with the mental health needs of adolescents, young adults, adults, families, and couples. As a therapist I have come to understand the power we hold to heal ourselves. With the right therapeutic guide, you can exercise control over your symptoms and reset your nervous system to heighten your functionality and interpersonal relationships. It is my goal to collaborate with you as my client so you can take the lead on the path to recovery, self-efficacy, emotional regulation, self-determination, and the achievement of your goals.
(305) 680-5377 View (305) 680-5377
Photo of Vantasia C. Owens, Pre-Licensed Professional in Miami, FL
Vantasia C. Owens
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Miami, FL 33155  (Online Only)
Heyyy! Ready to invest in your personal growth journey? I’m here to help you uncover your true self with warmth, understanding, and a non-judgmental approach. Whether it’s boosting self-love, discovering your worth, or navigating relationships both personally or professionally, I’ve got your back.
Heyyy! Ready to invest in your personal growth journey? I’m here to help you uncover your true self with warmth, understanding, and a non-judgmental approach. Whether it’s boosting self-love, discovering your worth, or navigating relationships both personally or professionally, I’ve got your back.
(786) 876-8082 View (786) 876-8082
Photo of Jeffrey Spar, Psychologist in Miami, FL
Jeffrey Spar
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33173
My interest as a therapist over the last forty years is to help clients maximize strengths while gaining insight into draining and unproductive behavior patterns. Over the last fifteen years, I have expanded my practice to include both therapy and coaching for business and corporate executives. Whether dealing with communications issues in general, marital or couple relationships, or work environments and teams, the focus of my work is on developing a partnership with my clients to enhance communication skills and help them learn influencing skills through the development of emotional intelligence and appreciative inquiry.
My interest as a therapist over the last forty years is to help clients maximize strengths while gaining insight into draining and unproductive behavior patterns. Over the last fifteen years, I have expanded my practice to include both therapy and coaching for business and corporate executives. Whether dealing with communications issues in general, marital or couple relationships, or work environments and teams, the focus of my work is on developing a partnership with my clients to enhance communication skills and help them learn influencing skills through the development of emotional intelligence and appreciative inquiry.
(786) 650-1637 View (786) 650-1637
Photo of Maria D. Alonso, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Miami, FL
Maria D. Alonso
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW, CAP
Verified Verified
Miami, FL 33145
Whether you are struggling with a particular issue, or just can't shake the feeling that there should be more to life, I can help. I provide a caring environment in which you can identify and explore those issues that may be getting in the way of a more rewarding home life and career, or of more fulfilling relationships. The goal is to help provide you with the insights and tools you need to move beyond old, limiting beliefs and behaviors.
Whether you are struggling with a particular issue, or just can't shake the feeling that there should be more to life, I can help. I provide a caring environment in which you can identify and explore those issues that may be getting in the way of a more rewarding home life and career, or of more fulfilling relationships. The goal is to help provide you with the insights and tools you need to move beyond old, limiting beliefs and behaviors.
(786) 565-4637 View (786) 565-4637

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Miami, FL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Miami, FL who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
76% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
63% Relationship Issues
62% Trauma and PTSD
60% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
85% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
81% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Miami, FL see their clients

56% Online Only
44% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Miami?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.