Photo of Jess Wynn-Grant, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Jess Wynn-Grant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, M Ed
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94605
I specialize in whole-bodied therapy to heal anxiety and trauma for children, teens, and adults. I offer attachment-based, trauma-healing, body-oriented approaches (EMDR, Havening & Somatics), play therapy, integrative talk therapy, & nature-oriented outdoor therapy. I also provide therapy for hopeful, awaiting, and new parents who are navigating the fertility, pregnancy, and postpartum journey. I provide therapy online across CA and outdoors if you are local to the East Bay. In-home therapy is also available for children and families.
I specialize in whole-bodied therapy to heal anxiety and trauma for children, teens, and adults. I offer attachment-based, trauma-healing, body-oriented approaches (EMDR, Havening & Somatics), play therapy, integrative talk therapy, & nature-oriented outdoor therapy. I also provide therapy for hopeful, awaiting, and new parents who are navigating the fertility, pregnancy, and postpartum journey. I provide therapy online across CA and outdoors if you are local to the East Bay. In-home therapy is also available for children and families.
(510) 479-0165 View (510) 479-0165
Photo of Karyn (Kiki) Pascoe, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Karyn (Kiki) Pascoe
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Corte Madera, CA 94925
Grounded in insight-oriented depth psychology, attachment-based therapy, Internal Family Systems, Narrative therapy, DBT, Humanistic and Existential Therapies, Mindfulness Based Therapy and the Expressive Arts, I create a holistic framework that honors each client's unique needs.
My practice welcomes individuals, couples, teens and families from all backgrounds, cultures, and life stages. Whether you're grappling with anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, professional stress, chronic illness, or the complexities of neurodiversity, I provide a safe and supportive space for exploration, curiosity and growth. I have a particular affinity for working with creative minds, highly sensitive souls, and those who dance to the beat of their own drum.
Grounded in insight-oriented depth psychology, attachment-based therapy, Internal Family Systems, Narrative therapy, DBT, Humanistic and Existential Therapies, Mindfulness Based Therapy and the Expressive Arts, I create a holistic framework that honors each client's unique needs.
My practice welcomes individuals, couples, teens and families from all backgrounds, cultures, and life stages. Whether you're grappling with anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, professional stress, chronic illness, or the complexities of neurodiversity, I provide a safe and supportive space for exploration, curiosity and growth. I have a particular affinity for working with creative minds, highly sensitive souls, and those who dance to the beat of their own drum.
(415) 991-0126 View (415) 991-0126
Photo of Pina Murcia, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Pina Murcia
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RYT 200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90045
What I know more than anything else is that you are the expert of yourself and you have access to an unlimited source of wisdom within you. I am here to hold the lantern as you explore and (re)discover the resources that live within. Are you constantly overthinking, overanalyzing, anxious, or worried? Are you having a difficult time managing the many challenges that have come over the last few years? Do you find yourself falling back into the same patterns repeatedly, even after resolving to change? Do you want to change aspects of your life, but feel stuck and unsure how to get there? You are in the right place.
What I know more than anything else is that you are the expert of yourself and you have access to an unlimited source of wisdom within you. I am here to hold the lantern as you explore and (re)discover the resources that live within. Are you constantly overthinking, overanalyzing, anxious, or worried? Are you having a difficult time managing the many challenges that have come over the last few years? Do you find yourself falling back into the same patterns repeatedly, even after resolving to change? Do you want to change aspects of your life, but feel stuck and unsure how to get there? You are in the right place.
(310) 879-1159 View (310) 879-1159
Photo of Alia Harlan Kaneaiakala, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Alia Harlan Kaneaiakala
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PsyD
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92694  (Online Only)
I am an Attachment based therapist well versed with severe levels of trauma, anxiety and depression due to family systems, addiction, adoption or other struggles. I have over 20 years experience as a dancer and dance studio owner from which I draw upon for a creative, integrative approach in therapy and fresh approach to understanding my clients. I am also fortunate enough to work collaborately with another therapist and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners to provide wraparound services for clients all in our beautiful office space. I believe in exploring all avenues and taking innovative approaches in therapy to aid the client in healing and personal growth.
I am an Attachment based therapist well versed with severe levels of trauma, anxiety and depression due to family systems, addiction, adoption or other struggles. I have over 20 years experience as a dancer and dance studio owner from which I draw upon for a creative, integrative approach in therapy and fresh approach to understanding my clients. I am also fortunate enough to work collaborately with another therapist and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners to provide wraparound services for clients all in our beautiful office space. I believe in exploring all avenues and taking innovative approaches in therapy to aid the client in healing and personal growth.
(949) 273-2912 View (949) 273-2912
Photo of Kristin Manuel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Kristin Manuel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Elk Grove, CA 95624
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with adults who are suffering from depression, anxiety, mood issues, chronic pain, chronic illness, and/or trauma. Maybe you were newly diagnosed or currently living with chronic pain or chronic illness, such as an autoimmune disorder. I offer a safe place to address healing from psychological stress that has manifested into physical and emotional symptoms. My style is warm, non-judgmental, and direct.
I specialize in working with adults who are suffering from depression, anxiety, mood issues, chronic pain, chronic illness, and/or trauma. Maybe you were newly diagnosed or currently living with chronic pain or chronic illness, such as an autoimmune disorder. I offer a safe place to address healing from psychological stress that has manifested into physical and emotional symptoms. My style is warm, non-judgmental, and direct.
(916) 237-9385 View (916) 237-9385
Photo of Raya Singh, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Raya Singh
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95825
My approach is rooted in attachment-based theory which means I help clients explore relationships and emotional patterns.
Welcome! As your therapist, I prioritize providing a warm and non-judgmental space to process life experiences. I work from a client-centered foundation where genuineness and warmth are central to healing. I enjoy working with individuals, teens, and couples who want to face and work through difficult problems to enhance their relationships. I have a special interest in grief and loss as well as intergenerational trauma. However, one of my greatest passions is empowering people who struggle with the stigma surrounding mental health and support services, particularly regarding their families and culture.
My approach is rooted in attachment-based theory which means I help clients explore relationships and emotional patterns.
Welcome! As your therapist, I prioritize providing a warm and non-judgmental space to process life experiences. I work from a client-centered foundation where genuineness and warmth are central to healing. I enjoy working with individuals, teens, and couples who want to face and work through difficult problems to enhance their relationships. I have a special interest in grief and loss as well as intergenerational trauma. However, one of my greatest passions is empowering people who struggle with the stigma surrounding mental health and support services, particularly regarding their families and culture.
(916) 354-6312 View (916) 354-6312
Photo of Ashley Shoshana Mink, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Ashley Shoshana Mink
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
R play therapy, IFS, and attachment-based schools of psychotherapy to cater sessions to each client’s unique and individual needs.
We are all in a collective period of transition, and change naturally brings up feelings of uncertainty and fear that can seem overwhelming and unmanageable. You do not have to face these feelings alone. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist; I provide a safe space to feel, process, and integrate life experiences. I believe that the body should always be apart of talk therapy, and I use a variety of Somatic and Mindfulness practices to help my clients tune into themselves and discover their authenticity.
R play therapy, IFS, and attachment-based schools of psychotherapy to cater sessions to each client’s unique and individual needs.
We are all in a collective period of transition, and change naturally brings up feelings of uncertainty and fear that can seem overwhelming and unmanageable. You do not have to face these feelings alone. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist; I provide a safe space to feel, process, and integrate life experiences. I believe that the body should always be apart of talk therapy, and I use a variety of Somatic and Mindfulness practices to help my clients tune into themselves and discover their authenticity.
(424) 321-6436 View (424) 321-6436
Photo of Marcia Pecora, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Marcia Pecora
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Long Beach, CA 90803
Have you experienced a loss that is keeping you stuck and unable to enjoy a fulfilling life? Are you desiring more peace? Taking the first step towards counseling can feel difficult and takes courage. I'll be here with you. I will provide a safe space to grieve your loss or life transitions. Together we will explore the areas that are keeping you stuck and begin to move past those hard places. Without judgment, I combine compassion and insight in a safe and warm environment where you will feel accepted for who you are. I am passionate about bringing hope to areas in your life where you may have lost your direction.
Have you experienced a loss that is keeping you stuck and unable to enjoy a fulfilling life? Are you desiring more peace? Taking the first step towards counseling can feel difficult and takes courage. I'll be here with you. I will provide a safe space to grieve your loss or life transitions. Together we will explore the areas that are keeping you stuck and begin to move past those hard places. Without judgment, I combine compassion and insight in a safe and warm environment where you will feel accepted for who you are. I am passionate about bringing hope to areas in your life where you may have lost your direction.
(562) 444-1721 View (562) 444-1721
Photo of Ariella Baugh, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Ariella Baugh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tustin, CA 92780
I provide treatment from a relational psychodynamic and attachment-based framework, which focuses on connecting past relationship experiences and patterns to those in the present.
I'm so glad you're here. Something important brought you here, maybe you are overwhelmed by your emotions, disconnected in your relationships, or feeling lost in how to move forward toward the fulfilling life you long for. It can be difficult moving through the pain and complexities of life alone. It is because of this, that I am passionate about offering a safe space in therapy where all the parts of you and your story are seen and accepted. My ultimate desire is to help you navigate obstacles of life that may be keeping you from living as your truest self by helping you explore your internal world and your pain, past and present.
I provide treatment from a relational psychodynamic and attachment-based framework, which focuses on connecting past relationship experiences and patterns to those in the present.
I'm so glad you're here. Something important brought you here, maybe you are overwhelmed by your emotions, disconnected in your relationships, or feeling lost in how to move forward toward the fulfilling life you long for. It can be difficult moving through the pain and complexities of life alone. It is because of this, that I am passionate about offering a safe space in therapy where all the parts of you and your story are seen and accepted. My ultimate desire is to help you navigate obstacles of life that may be keeping you from living as your truest self by helping you explore your internal world and your pain, past and present.
(714) 699-2816 View (714) 699-2816
Photo of Radical Roots Psychotherapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Radical Roots Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
Ruby draws upon multiple therapeutic approaches including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), psychodynamic therapy, attachment-based science, family systems, EMDR, Internal Family Systems (IFS), Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE), mindfulness practices, harm reduction principles, non-violent communication, and Gottman methodology.
Ruby (she/her/hers) is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW 101630) who brings a decade of experience supporting youth, young adults, caregivers, families, and individuals navigate loss and attachment ruptures, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, family conflict, life stressors, and the life cycle. Ruby approaches her sessions with warmth, humility, and a strengths-based lens, valuing collaboration, authenticity, and creativity.
Ruby draws upon multiple therapeutic approaches including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), psychodynamic therapy, attachment-based science, family systems, EMDR, Internal Family Systems (IFS), Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE), mindfulness practices, harm reduction principles, non-violent communication, and Gottman methodology.
Ruby (she/her/hers) is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW 101630) who brings a decade of experience supporting youth, young adults, caregivers, families, and individuals navigate loss and attachment ruptures, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, family conflict, life stressors, and the life cycle. Ruby approaches her sessions with warmth, humility, and a strengths-based lens, valuing collaboration, authenticity, and creativity.
(510) 491-0155 View (510) 491-0155
Photo of Heather Gulick, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Heather Gulick
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
My therapeutic approach is psychodynamic and attachment-based.
Do you feel disconnected from yourself, your partner, or those around you? Are you struggling with your moods? Do you often feel overwhelmed, yearning to make positive changes but are unsure of where to begin? Perhaps you're seeking additional support and connection, or you're feeling a sense of loneliness due to the absence of a partner or a community. By harnessing your unique strengths and innate qualities, we will work to cultivate a stronger sense of self, paving the path to new habits and coping mechanisms that promote overall well-being. Together, we will empower you to make intentional choices toward improved mental health.
My therapeutic approach is psychodynamic and attachment-based.
Do you feel disconnected from yourself, your partner, or those around you? Are you struggling with your moods? Do you often feel overwhelmed, yearning to make positive changes but are unsure of where to begin? Perhaps you're seeking additional support and connection, or you're feeling a sense of loneliness due to the absence of a partner or a community. By harnessing your unique strengths and innate qualities, we will work to cultivate a stronger sense of self, paving the path to new habits and coping mechanisms that promote overall well-being. Together, we will empower you to make intentional choices toward improved mental health.
(323) 615-2201 View (323) 615-2201
Photo of Lauren Thibodeau, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Lauren Thibodeau
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92128
Lauren utilizes gender-affirming therapy, experiential, attachment-based interventions, somatic experiencing, and internal family systems therapies.
Lauren treats adults, couples, families, and adolescents, and is especially passionate in providing resources and care to the LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC communities. She works with various clients, and while trained in a range of treatment types, she strives to tailor her therapeutic approach to each person and their unique, individual needs.
Lauren utilizes gender-affirming therapy, experiential, attachment-based interventions, somatic experiencing, and internal family systems therapies.
Lauren treats adults, couples, families, and adolescents, and is especially passionate in providing resources and care to the LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC communities. She works with various clients, and while trained in a range of treatment types, she strives to tailor her therapeutic approach to each person and their unique, individual needs.
(657) 214-7701 View (657) 214-7701
Photo of Kelsey Harrington, Psychologist in California
Kelsey Harrington
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
My style of practice is relational, attachment-based, trauma-informed, and interactive.
People can feel stuck in their lives for many reasons. You may have vague feelings of dissatisfaction, or have an idea of what isn’t working but struggle to find a way forward. Perhaps you're feeling overwhelmed by familiar feelings from earlier difficulties or trauma that are being stirred up by current situations. My aim is to help you uncover the meanings and underlying causes of patterns of thinking, feeling, and interacting that may be holding you back. These can emerge in addressing day-to-day challenges, or while untangling old narratives formed by deeply rooted experiences.
My style of practice is relational, attachment-based, trauma-informed, and interactive.
People can feel stuck in their lives for many reasons. You may have vague feelings of dissatisfaction, or have an idea of what isn’t working but struggle to find a way forward. Perhaps you're feeling overwhelmed by familiar feelings from earlier difficulties or trauma that are being stirred up by current situations. My aim is to help you uncover the meanings and underlying causes of patterns of thinking, feeling, and interacting that may be holding you back. These can emerge in addressing day-to-day challenges, or while untangling old narratives formed by deeply rooted experiences.
(415) 598-5002 View (415) 598-5002
Photo of Selin Fidantek, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Selin Fidantek
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Porter Ranch, CA 91326
I authored the book, "Attachment-Based Strategies to Improve Self-Esteem..." in 2013. I am here for you and your family to achieve positive results and feel better quickly so that you can continue to have the relationships in your life that you desire and also need.
I authored the book, "Attachment-Based Strategies to Improve Self-Esteem..." in 2013. I am here for you and your family to achieve positive results and feel better quickly so that you can continue to have the relationships in your life that you desire and also need.
(818) 672-5091 View (818) 672-5091
Photo of Cherie E Page, Psychologist in California
Cherie E Page
Psychologist, PhD, MA, CEIB-MH, CRTI, ESMHL
Verified Verified
Gilroy, CA 95020
My passion is working with children with autism, ADHD, anxiety, neuroimmune disorders, and sensory processing disorders within the field of Equine-Facilitated Psychotherapy and Animal-Assisted Therapy. I have 12 years of experience working with children and their families offering collaborative therapy. In conjunction to equine-facilitated psychotherapy, I work from an attachment-based model, blended with polyvagal theory, creative expressive art, and sensory integration therapy. Within my practice I focus on not only working with the child, but also their family to cultivate growth, change, and well-being.
My passion is working with children with autism, ADHD, anxiety, neuroimmune disorders, and sensory processing disorders within the field of Equine-Facilitated Psychotherapy and Animal-Assisted Therapy. I have 12 years of experience working with children and their families offering collaborative therapy. In conjunction to equine-facilitated psychotherapy, I work from an attachment-based model, blended with polyvagal theory, creative expressive art, and sensory integration therapy. Within my practice I focus on not only working with the child, but also their family to cultivate growth, change, and well-being.
(408) 763-4296 View (408) 763-4296
Photo of Rachel England, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Rachel England
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montrose, CA 91020  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Through somatic, experiential, and attachment-based approaches, I support teenagers and adults to directly experience how they make meaning of their narratives.
I believe that every person has the capacity to change from within. I see my role as a therapist to walk alongside and hold space for you to connect with yourself - to your body, your inner resources, and your wisdom. Together, we can make meaning of your past while increasing safety and joy in the present so that you can step into your chosen future. Many of my clients experience doubts about their worthiness and their ability to change engrained patterns or heal from past wounds. They struggle with people-pleasing, codependency, perfectionism, chronic shame, unexpressed grief, and connecting to their intuition.
Through somatic, experiential, and attachment-based approaches, I support teenagers and adults to directly experience how they make meaning of their narratives.
I believe that every person has the capacity to change from within. I see my role as a therapist to walk alongside and hold space for you to connect with yourself - to your body, your inner resources, and your wisdom. Together, we can make meaning of your past while increasing safety and joy in the present so that you can step into your chosen future. Many of my clients experience doubts about their worthiness and their ability to change engrained patterns or heal from past wounds. They struggle with people-pleasing, codependency, perfectionism, chronic shame, unexpressed grief, and connecting to their intuition.
(818) 960-1584 View (818) 960-1584
Photo of Julie Naomi Siegel-Turner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Julie Naomi Siegel-Turner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Riverside, CA 92506
Deciding to come to therapy can be a very difficult decision. In the last 12 years of practicing, I've found that meeting my clients where they are is the most important part of my job. If you're struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, have trauma in your past or just want someone to listen while you talk through what's going on in your life, please give me a call. I have an extensive background in treating eating disorders and am also a certified EMDR therapist.
Deciding to come to therapy can be a very difficult decision. In the last 12 years of practicing, I've found that meeting my clients where they are is the most important part of my job. If you're struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, have trauma in your past or just want someone to listen while you talk through what's going on in your life, please give me a call. I have an extensive background in treating eating disorders and am also a certified EMDR therapist.
(951) 801-5954 View (951) 801-5954
Photo of Maddison Herrick, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Maddison Herrick
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Newport Beach, CA 92660
Some of the modalities I pull from include Internal Family Systems, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Attachment-based, and I am trained in EMDR therapy.
Our lives are filled with so much unknown and mixed emotions. My goal is to help guide clients through this journey and get out of the feeling of being "stuck". I see all ages and have a passion for working with teens, young adults, and individuals struggling with anxiety, trauma, chronic illnesses, self-esteem, perfectionism, people pleasing, and/or relationship conflicts. I enjoy taking a collaborative and empathetic approach with my clients to best provide a safe and open space to explore whether it be their first time in therapy or visiting again.
Some of the modalities I pull from include Internal Family Systems, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Attachment-based, and I am trained in EMDR therapy.
Our lives are filled with so much unknown and mixed emotions. My goal is to help guide clients through this journey and get out of the feeling of being "stuck". I see all ages and have a passion for working with teens, young adults, and individuals struggling with anxiety, trauma, chronic illnesses, self-esteem, perfectionism, people pleasing, and/or relationship conflicts. I enjoy taking a collaborative and empathetic approach with my clients to best provide a safe and open space to explore whether it be their first time in therapy or visiting again.
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Photo of Felicia Lepetri, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Felicia Lepetri
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I appreciate the uniqueness of everyone's story, which is why I utilize a combination of modalities, from trauma work, CBT, ACT, EFT and Attachment-Based therapy.
Life transitions and change often bring up feelings of uncertainty and worry. Although, these transitions are often expected or even decided by us, it can cause an overwhelming sense of doubt and sometimes feelings of grief. I work with clients who are experiencing challenges with life transitions, like motherhood, coming in or out of a relationship, and grief and loss. My approach is to make meaning of your losses and transitions, support you through your experience and identify strategies to help you feel grounded, connected and seen.
I appreciate the uniqueness of everyone's story, which is why I utilize a combination of modalities, from trauma work, CBT, ACT, EFT and Attachment-Based therapy.
Life transitions and change often bring up feelings of uncertainty and worry. Although, these transitions are often expected or even decided by us, it can cause an overwhelming sense of doubt and sometimes feelings of grief. I work with clients who are experiencing challenges with life transitions, like motherhood, coming in or out of a relationship, and grief and loss. My approach is to make meaning of your losses and transitions, support you through your experience and identify strategies to help you feel grounded, connected and seen.
(310) 893-6819 View (310) 893-6819
Photo of Michele Simone, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Michele Simone
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPCC, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Osos, CA 93402
My experience is grounded in several social-psychological and body-oriented practices, including Neuro-Affective Relational Model, NeuroAffective Touch, Somatic Experiencing (SE), SE Touch, Attachment-based EMDR, Aikido, Nonviolent Communication, Social Justice, & Restorative Justice.
I value connecting with people in ways that support a sense of aliveness, meaning, and clarity of purpose. We will work together to address the challenges we face when moving from one phase of life to another — such as leaving home, going to school, being a parent, caring for ourselves, changing relationships, and facing the unknown. We will discover and explore how your inner guidance system or compass can guide you toward your own health and healing capacity.
My experience is grounded in several social-psychological and body-oriented practices, including Neuro-Affective Relational Model, NeuroAffective Touch, Somatic Experiencing (SE), SE Touch, Attachment-based EMDR, Aikido, Nonviolent Communication, Social Justice, & Restorative Justice.
I value connecting with people in ways that support a sense of aliveness, meaning, and clarity of purpose. We will work together to address the challenges we face when moving from one phase of life to another — such as leaving home, going to school, being a parent, caring for ourselves, changing relationships, and facing the unknown. We will discover and explore how your inner guidance system or compass can guide you toward your own health and healing capacity.
(805) 725-5220 View (805) 725-5220
Attachment-based Therapists

Is attachment-based therapy the same as attachment therapy?

Attachment-based therapy may be confused with what is called “attachment therapy” (sometimes called “holding therapy”), a discredited and dangerous approach to treating children with attachment disorders, autism, or other mental health concerns. Attachment therapy—not attachment-based therapy—may involve restraining a child, forcing eye contact, and other coercive or abusive techniques. None of these practices are used in attachment-based therapy and the two modalities are in no way related.

What should I expect from attachment-based therapy?

Attachment-based therapy is based on attachment theory, which posits that children’s early relationships with their caregivers strongly influence their ability to navigate the world later in life. Thus, adults who seek attachment-based therapy should expect to deeply explore their childhood, identifying the dynamics or experiences that disrupted their attachment and the steps necessary to overcome challenges that arose as a result. Parents and children should expect to explore the possible factors that disrupted the parent-child relationship and work toward restoring trust and connection.

How long does attachment-based therapy last?

Certain forms of attachment-based therapy, especially those designed for parents and children, last for a set number of sessions; for example, Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up, a specific attachment-based approach for young children who have undergone early adversity, unfolds over 10 one-hour sessions. When attachment-based therapy is practiced on adults or combined with other modalities, it may not last a specific length of time; clients may wish to ask prospective therapists how long they expect treatment to take.

Does attachment-based therapy work?

Most of the research on attachment-based therapy focuses on children and adolescents. Some of this research shows a positive effect, especially for attachment-based family therapy (ABFT). Other studies, however, have found that attachment-based therapy is no more effective than other approaches to childhood depression, anxiety, or suicidality. Less is known about the therapy’s efficacy on adult populations.