Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Dr. Jacqueline Benson, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Dr. Jacqueline Benson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I’m excited to meet you! Therapy is a relationship. I believe in empowering my clients and helping them to take a collaborative role in their mental health care. Listening and getting to know you is crucial. I work with Black clients, LGBTQIA+ clients as well as clients from diverse backgrounds and use my training and understanding of human development to inform my therapeutic work and help my clients identify and understand their challenges so they can set meaningful goals. I work from an integrative perspective that incorporates diverse evidence based practices.
I’m excited to meet you! Therapy is a relationship. I believe in empowering my clients and helping them to take a collaborative role in their mental health care. Listening and getting to know you is crucial. I work with Black clients, LGBTQIA+ clients as well as clients from diverse backgrounds and use my training and understanding of human development to inform my therapeutic work and help my clients identify and understand their challenges so they can set meaningful goals. I work from an integrative perspective that incorporates diverse evidence based practices.
(562) 378-6987 View (562) 378-6987
Photo of Annie Sankey, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Annie Sankey
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
Individuals who have experienced sexual trauma can often find themselves feeling isolated, lonely and questioning their own experience. It is not uncommon for survivors to feel as though parts of them are missing or it isn’t possible to be their whole selves because they are damaged or too much. Shame, embarrassment, and guilt can feel like the only consistent emotions. Intimacy in relationships can simultaneously be threatening, creating negative cycles of repelling intimacy while also having a longing for deep connection and acceptance.
Individuals who have experienced sexual trauma can often find themselves feeling isolated, lonely and questioning their own experience. It is not uncommon for survivors to feel as though parts of them are missing or it isn’t possible to be their whole selves because they are damaged or too much. Shame, embarrassment, and guilt can feel like the only consistent emotions. Intimacy in relationships can simultaneously be threatening, creating negative cycles of repelling intimacy while also having a longing for deep connection and acceptance.
(530) 212-7529 View (530) 212-7529
Photo of Addie Liechty Kogan Psychotherapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Addie Liechty Kogan Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
As a person originally trained in psychodynamics, I care greatly about the experiences and relationships that have shaped you. I am currently perusing more training and consultation in Internal Family Systems and trauma informed approaches. Of primary focus, in my work with clients, is the therapeutic relationship. It is here that our patterns of relating often reveal themselves. Through the safe container of therapy, I invite my clients into new ways of being that invite more creativity, flexibility and deeper relationships.
As a person originally trained in psychodynamics, I care greatly about the experiences and relationships that have shaped you. I am currently perusing more training and consultation in Internal Family Systems and trauma informed approaches. Of primary focus, in my work with clients, is the therapeutic relationship. It is here that our patterns of relating often reveal themselves. Through the safe container of therapy, I invite my clients into new ways of being that invite more creativity, flexibility and deeper relationships.
(510) 356-0264 View (510) 356-0264
Photo of Cary Littell, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Cary Littell
Psychologist, PhD, MPH
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
People seek therapy when they feel unhappy, anxious, stuck in patterns and relationships that don't serve them or acting in ways that are self-destructive. Therapy can address and change outmoded ways of being. The therapeutic relationship is key to this work: It offers the possibility of exploring and understanding more effective and satisfying ways of relating to ourselves and others. I work with children, adolescents and adults in individual therapy, using a collaborative approach that centers on empathy, understanding, curiosity and exploration.
People seek therapy when they feel unhappy, anxious, stuck in patterns and relationships that don't serve them or acting in ways that are self-destructive. Therapy can address and change outmoded ways of being. The therapeutic relationship is key to this work: It offers the possibility of exploring and understanding more effective and satisfying ways of relating to ourselves and others. I work with children, adolescents and adults in individual therapy, using a collaborative approach that centers on empathy, understanding, curiosity and exploration.
(510) 544-8237 View (510) 544-8237
Photo of Katelyn Simons, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Katelyn Simons
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
I practice both individual psychotherapy and assessment for children, adolescents, and adults. I specialize in understanding and addressing coping skills, anxiety, self-esteem, body image, and family conflict. Through therapy, assessment, or consultation, I provide support in navigating individual complexities. Whether I am working with children, teenagers, or adults, my aim is to help those I work with manage overwhelming emotions, navigate challenging situations, and address barriers standing in the way of contentment and clarity.
I practice both individual psychotherapy and assessment for children, adolescents, and adults. I specialize in understanding and addressing coping skills, anxiety, self-esteem, body image, and family conflict. Through therapy, assessment, or consultation, I provide support in navigating individual complexities. Whether I am working with children, teenagers, or adults, my aim is to help those I work with manage overwhelming emotions, navigate challenging situations, and address barriers standing in the way of contentment and clarity.
(510) 296-6515 View (510) 296-6515
Photo of Grace Anna Eidman (Currier), Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in Oakland, CA
Grace Anna Eidman (Currier)
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC, #15438
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
Life can feel crazy, we can feel crazy ourselves, but you don't have to navigate it alone. I have particular experience with complex trauma, dissociation, depression, anxiety, neurodivergence, and religious trauma. After all, I've been there myself. Everyone's journey is different, yet I know from experience how hard, disorienting, and difficult it can be. Still, I believe life can be different when we travel together instead of carrying our burdens and pain alone. That's why I'm an online therapist practicing through the auspices of Grateful Heart Holistic Therapy Center, a nonprofit organization providing affordable counseling.
Life can feel crazy, we can feel crazy ourselves, but you don't have to navigate it alone. I have particular experience with complex trauma, dissociation, depression, anxiety, neurodivergence, and religious trauma. After all, I've been there myself. Everyone's journey is different, yet I know from experience how hard, disorienting, and difficult it can be. Still, I believe life can be different when we travel together instead of carrying our burdens and pain alone. That's why I'm an online therapist practicing through the auspices of Grateful Heart Holistic Therapy Center, a nonprofit organization providing affordable counseling.
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Photo of Judith Linzer, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Judith Linzer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Are you living a life of "quiet desperation"? Get to the bottom of your problems by connecting with yourself. Psychotherapy can help identify and overcome blocks that prevent you from being your real self. Are you repeating patterns from childhood despite your best efforts not to? Those patterns were likely formed early in childhood as a survival mechanism and now that you no longer need those patterns, they feel like a prison. Psychotherapy provides the key that opens the door. If you are afraid that you cannot do this, please do not sell yourself short and give yourself a chance.
Are you living a life of "quiet desperation"? Get to the bottom of your problems by connecting with yourself. Psychotherapy can help identify and overcome blocks that prevent you from being your real self. Are you repeating patterns from childhood despite your best efforts not to? Those patterns were likely formed early in childhood as a survival mechanism and now that you no longer need those patterns, they feel like a prison. Psychotherapy provides the key that opens the door. If you are afraid that you cannot do this, please do not sell yourself short and give yourself a chance.
(510) 858-0649 View (510) 858-0649
Photo of Jayeon Kim, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jayeon Kim
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
Hello. I'm Jayeon Kim. I help people overcome unwanted emotional, relational, or behavioral patterns. I expertise in depression, anxiety, perfectionism, multicultural or interpersonal issues—with family of origin or an intimate partner—and complex developmental trauma (CPTSD). CPTSD means that you have experienced prolonged difficulties especially in your childhood or adolescence, such as emotionally neglectful parents or a culture that didn’t accept or foster who you really were. I integrate psychodynamics (depth work), existential, humanistic, client-centered, gestalt, somatic experiencing, and internal family system (parts work).
Hello. I'm Jayeon Kim. I help people overcome unwanted emotional, relational, or behavioral patterns. I expertise in depression, anxiety, perfectionism, multicultural or interpersonal issues—with family of origin or an intimate partner—and complex developmental trauma (CPTSD). CPTSD means that you have experienced prolonged difficulties especially in your childhood or adolescence, such as emotionally neglectful parents or a culture that didn’t accept or foster who you really were. I integrate psychodynamics (depth work), existential, humanistic, client-centered, gestalt, somatic experiencing, and internal family system (parts work).
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Photo of Cassandra Wells, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cassandra Wells
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I am a Black therapist with about 10 years of experience working with a wide breadth of clients from various cultural backgrounds and diversities. I primarily work from a Cognitive Behavioral background looking at how your thoughts can influence your feelings and behaviors and developing coping skills to manage thoughts and better regulate feelings. My main goal in therapy is to meet the client where they are at and provide treatment and support based on the goals and needs of the client. I am very energetic, positive, and down to earth while also being mindful to match my client’s energy and personality.
I am a Black therapist with about 10 years of experience working with a wide breadth of clients from various cultural backgrounds and diversities. I primarily work from a Cognitive Behavioral background looking at how your thoughts can influence your feelings and behaviors and developing coping skills to manage thoughts and better regulate feelings. My main goal in therapy is to meet the client where they are at and provide treatment and support based on the goals and needs of the client. I am very energetic, positive, and down to earth while also being mindful to match my client’s energy and personality.
(510) 630-1007 View (510) 630-1007
Photo of Nathan Greene, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Nathan Greene
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
I am a bilingual (English and Spanish-speaking) licensed clinical psychologist who provides psychotherapy services to adults, children, adolescents families. I support clients in fostering resilience and in building more meaningful, connected relationships. In therapy, I take a supportive, curious, nonjudgemental stance. My clients struggle with issues related to depression, anxiety, loss, adoption, psychological trauma, childhood development, parenting, and everyday stressors.
I am a bilingual (English and Spanish-speaking) licensed clinical psychologist who provides psychotherapy services to adults, children, adolescents families. I support clients in fostering resilience and in building more meaningful, connected relationships. In therapy, I take a supportive, curious, nonjudgemental stance. My clients struggle with issues related to depression, anxiety, loss, adoption, psychological trauma, childhood development, parenting, and everyday stressors.
(949) 577-6606 View (949) 577-6606
Photo of Holistic Family Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Holistic Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
​ Holistic Family Therapy serves families who seek stronger connections, effective communication and reduced chaos. I am primarily a DBT therapist and workwith families, and older adolescents.
​ Holistic Family Therapy serves families who seek stronger connections, effective communication and reduced chaos. I am primarily a DBT therapist and workwith families, and older adolescents.
(510) 851-9595 View (510) 851-9595
Photo of Megan Parker, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Megan Parker
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As our world re-opens, many people are experiencing anxiety, depression, and stress due to recent social isolation and the unpredictability of the future. It can be a highly stressful time for people re-entering the world and for parents and teens. I provide individual adult therapy, teen/young adult therapy, and parent coaching. I am knowledgeable with non-traditional family structures (single parent, multiple caregiver, polyamorous, & LGBT families), transgender adolescent/child issues, anxiety, and neurodiversity . I’ve also begun working with the emotional effects of long Covid and chronic fatigue.
As our world re-opens, many people are experiencing anxiety, depression, and stress due to recent social isolation and the unpredictability of the future. It can be a highly stressful time for people re-entering the world and for parents and teens. I provide individual adult therapy, teen/young adult therapy, and parent coaching. I am knowledgeable with non-traditional family structures (single parent, multiple caregiver, polyamorous, & LGBT families), transgender adolescent/child issues, anxiety, and neurodiversity . I’ve also begun working with the emotional effects of long Covid and chronic fatigue.
(415) 347-8868 View (415) 347-8868
Photo of Stacy Donovan George, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Stacy Donovan George
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94619  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling with overwhelming anxiety, depression or grief? Are you stuck in unhealthy patterns or self doubt? Is a difficult relationship causing you pain? You are taking a courageous step in caring for yourself and your well-being by seeking support. With curiosity and non-judgment, I can help you to find relief, grow and clarify a more sustainable, joyful path forward. Together we'll explore what underlies your symptoms, the adaptive function they serve, and how you can permanently heal core issues. You will discover strengths, develop new tools, and find serenity and authenticity in yourself and your relationships.
Are you struggling with overwhelming anxiety, depression or grief? Are you stuck in unhealthy patterns or self doubt? Is a difficult relationship causing you pain? You are taking a courageous step in caring for yourself and your well-being by seeking support. With curiosity and non-judgment, I can help you to find relief, grow and clarify a more sustainable, joyful path forward. Together we'll explore what underlies your symptoms, the adaptive function they serve, and how you can permanently heal core issues. You will discover strengths, develop new tools, and find serenity and authenticity in yourself and your relationships.
(510) 314-8566 View (510) 314-8566
Photo of Isabel Diamond, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Isabel Diamond
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
Are you the outsider of your family of origin? You might be the family scapegoat. If so, you've probably experienced some of the following: treated as less-than, blamed, excluded, gossiped about, disowned, and more. And then, if you'd tried to address things, you might have been met with gaslighting, denial, or being dismissed. Your healthy anger might have been used as further "proof" of your badness or a narrative that you're mentally ill. And around and around it goes. But there is a way out.
Are you the outsider of your family of origin? You might be the family scapegoat. If so, you've probably experienced some of the following: treated as less-than, blamed, excluded, gossiped about, disowned, and more. And then, if you'd tried to address things, you might have been met with gaslighting, denial, or being dismissed. Your healthy anger might have been used as further "proof" of your badness or a narrative that you're mentally ill. And around and around it goes. But there is a way out.
(510) 781-9505 View (510) 781-9505
Photo of Stephanie Lemus, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Stephanie Lemus
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
In a world that often seems overwhelming with so many competing priorities, you might find yourself struggling to understand what's important, what you need or how to feel more free. Perhaps you feel stuck in a life or confused about what to do. You might often get blocked because you don't know where to begin. I'm here to help. I offer a compassionate, safe, and often humor-filled space where your journey of discovery and healing can start.
In a world that often seems overwhelming with so many competing priorities, you might find yourself struggling to understand what's important, what you need or how to feel more free. Perhaps you feel stuck in a life or confused about what to do. You might often get blocked because you don't know where to begin. I'm here to help. I offer a compassionate, safe, and often humor-filled space where your journey of discovery and healing can start.
(415) 639-5858 View (415) 639-5858
Photo of Shannon Hurley, Psychological Associate in Oakland, CA
Shannon Hurley
Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611
I am a therapist who believes that healing is done within the context of relationship. This includes an individual’s relationship to their body, their environment, and interpersonally. I seek to help empower my clients in order for them to gain confidence in their own capacity to be successful. I hope to offer individuals an opportunity to enrich and find deep meaning in their lives
I am a therapist who believes that healing is done within the context of relationship. This includes an individual’s relationship to their body, their environment, and interpersonally. I seek to help empower my clients in order for them to gain confidence in their own capacity to be successful. I hope to offer individuals an opportunity to enrich and find deep meaning in their lives
(510) 901-3242 View (510) 901-3242
Photo of Jess Gioia, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jess Gioia
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
You deserve to feel at peace with who you are. This can sometimes feel impossible, but I work with the paradoxical theory of change- that "change happens when a person becomes what they are, not when they try to become what they are not.” I guide my clients to the mirror and help them to squarely face themselves- their strengths, weaknesses, past traumas and future hopes- and know that they are good enough. From that place of self-compassion we can determine the right tools to support you as you set off on a life path that deeply motivates and satisfies you.
You deserve to feel at peace with who you are. This can sometimes feel impossible, but I work with the paradoxical theory of change- that "change happens when a person becomes what they are, not when they try to become what they are not.” I guide my clients to the mirror and help them to squarely face themselves- their strengths, weaknesses, past traumas and future hopes- and know that they are good enough. From that place of self-compassion we can determine the right tools to support you as you set off on a life path that deeply motivates and satisfies you.
(510) 901-3465 View (510) 901-3465
Photo of Marika Dvorak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Marika Dvorak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
Are you tired of talking about your anxiety, depression, ADHD, and/or your trauma, without getting anywhere? It can be incredibly frustrating to want to change, but still feel stuck in old patterns. How much of the time is life just about coping rather than living? This can be the reality for many people. Whether you suffer from trauma, anxiety, depression, or have ADHD, life can feel like a never ending uphill push. This doesn’t have to be your reality. Deep permanent transformation is available to you. A symptom free life is possible. Not only that, but new meaning and strengths are waiting to be discovered from within.
Are you tired of talking about your anxiety, depression, ADHD, and/or your trauma, without getting anywhere? It can be incredibly frustrating to want to change, but still feel stuck in old patterns. How much of the time is life just about coping rather than living? This can be the reality for many people. Whether you suffer from trauma, anxiety, depression, or have ADHD, life can feel like a never ending uphill push. This doesn’t have to be your reality. Deep permanent transformation is available to you. A symptom free life is possible. Not only that, but new meaning and strengths are waiting to be discovered from within.
(510) 380-7651 View (510) 380-7651
Photo of Natalye Pearson, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Natalye Pearson
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94605  (Online Only)
When you've decided to get help, seeking a psychologist you feel comfortable with is as important as their skill and training. If I'm so honored to have you as my client, you'll find I utilize an integrated approach; a mix of gentle yet direct communication, mindfulness, cultural dynamics including family systems, psychoeducation, skill building using cognitive behavioral techniques, and of course explorative questions that help to uncover the emotional obstacles to your healing and progression in life.
When you've decided to get help, seeking a psychologist you feel comfortable with is as important as their skill and training. If I'm so honored to have you as my client, you'll find I utilize an integrated approach; a mix of gentle yet direct communication, mindfulness, cultural dynamics including family systems, psychoeducation, skill building using cognitive behavioral techniques, and of course explorative questions that help to uncover the emotional obstacles to your healing and progression in life.
(510) 953-5678 View (510) 953-5678
Photo of Daphne Ng, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Daphne Ng
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
Sometimes, we get stuck in patterns that might have been helpful at some point in our lives but are not so helpful to us now. These patterns show up in the ways we respond in our relationships, in work/school, to challenges, and to ourselves. We’ll approach therapy as collaborators to build up your skills and strengths to get you unstuck. In our work together, we'll gently explore the past, so we can create an action plan for a different future. We'll recontextualize what no longer serves you and make space for your curious, creative self to emerge.
Sometimes, we get stuck in patterns that might have been helpful at some point in our lives but are not so helpful to us now. These patterns show up in the ways we respond in our relationships, in work/school, to challenges, and to ourselves. We’ll approach therapy as collaborators to build up your skills and strengths to get you unstuck. In our work together, we'll gently explore the past, so we can create an action plan for a different future. We'll recontextualize what no longer serves you and make space for your curious, creative self to emerge.
(415) 917-2947 View (415) 917-2947

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.