Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Ryan Buchholz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Ryan Buchholz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94603  (Online Only)
Clients I work with tend to have experienced developmental trauma that interferes with their relationships to themselves, partners and family members; have taken on shame, blame, guilt or distorted thinking/gaslighting from their family systems often throughout generations; and therefore likely experience issues around trust, intimacy, vulnerability and self love. I am committed to helping my clients to gain more peace and safety within their personal bodies, their homes, their relations and their family systems so they can experience more choice, empowerment and joy in their lives.
Clients I work with tend to have experienced developmental trauma that interferes with their relationships to themselves, partners and family members; have taken on shame, blame, guilt or distorted thinking/gaslighting from their family systems often throughout generations; and therefore likely experience issues around trust, intimacy, vulnerability and self love. I am committed to helping my clients to gain more peace and safety within their personal bodies, their homes, their relations and their family systems so they can experience more choice, empowerment and joy in their lives.
(510) 592-6576 View (510) 592-6576
Photo of Stacy Smith, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Stacy Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602
I strongly believe that all of us are capable of connecting to an experience of profound well being, whatever the circumstances of our lives may be. My goal in therapy is to help you access that state within yourself. I aim to help you recognize and accept the many layers of your experience and to support you in acting skillfully and authentically in the world. My first priority is to create an atmosphere of safety and trust so that you are able to freely explore your challenges, concerns and desires. After we understand your difficulties, we can collaborate to create the desired change and growth.
I strongly believe that all of us are capable of connecting to an experience of profound well being, whatever the circumstances of our lives may be. My goal in therapy is to help you access that state within yourself. I aim to help you recognize and accept the many layers of your experience and to support you in acting skillfully and authentically in the world. My first priority is to create an atmosphere of safety and trust so that you are able to freely explore your challenges, concerns and desires. After we understand your difficulties, we can collaborate to create the desired change and growth.
(510) 500-9857 View (510) 500-9857
Photo of Cassandra Wells, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cassandra Wells
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I am a Black therapist with about 10 years of experience working with a wide breadth of clients from various cultural backgrounds and diversities. I primarily work from a Cognitive Behavioral background looking at how your thoughts can influence your feelings and behaviors and developing coping skills to manage thoughts and better regulate feelings. My main goal in therapy is to meet the client where they are at and provide treatment and support based on the goals and needs of the client. I am very energetic, positive, and down to earth while also being mindful to match my client’s energy and personality.
I am a Black therapist with about 10 years of experience working with a wide breadth of clients from various cultural backgrounds and diversities. I primarily work from a Cognitive Behavioral background looking at how your thoughts can influence your feelings and behaviors and developing coping skills to manage thoughts and better regulate feelings. My main goal in therapy is to meet the client where they are at and provide treatment and support based on the goals and needs of the client. I am very energetic, positive, and down to earth while also being mindful to match my client’s energy and personality.
(510) 630-1007 View (510) 630-1007
Photo of Lai Chien, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lai Chien
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
Collaborative, respectful, direct, and compassionate psychotherapy. My hopes are to widen the breadth of communication in the Asian Community by reducing the stigma towards mental health and help to dispel the concepts of the model minority and empower clients to nurture their own growth and resilience towards balanced homeostasis. Currently accepting children, couples, and families.
Collaborative, respectful, direct, and compassionate psychotherapy. My hopes are to widen the breadth of communication in the Asian Community by reducing the stigma towards mental health and help to dispel the concepts of the model minority and empower clients to nurture their own growth and resilience towards balanced homeostasis. Currently accepting children, couples, and families.
(510) 256-7863 View (510) 256-7863
Photo of Sally Walstrom, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sally Walstrom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
You feel like something is off. You’re feeling overwhelmed, burnt out, disconnected, stuck. You want to understand your own reactions, build healthy and sustaining relationships, feel grounded and present in your day to day life. I can help! With over a decade of experience, I provide LGBTQIA-affirming and trauma-responsive therapy for youth, adults, and families. Using evidence-based techniques like expressive arts, somatics, and dialectical behavioral skills, I support people finding meaning and connection after trauma and chronic stress.
You feel like something is off. You’re feeling overwhelmed, burnt out, disconnected, stuck. You want to understand your own reactions, build healthy and sustaining relationships, feel grounded and present in your day to day life. I can help! With over a decade of experience, I provide LGBTQIA-affirming and trauma-responsive therapy for youth, adults, and families. Using evidence-based techniques like expressive arts, somatics, and dialectical behavioral skills, I support people finding meaning and connection after trauma and chronic stress.
(510) 764-3070 View (510) 764-3070
Photo of Callum Eastwood, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Callum Eastwood
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
I have over 12 years experience working with adults, children, and adolescents experiencing relationship problems, anxiety and mood concerns, emotional and/or behavioral troubles, trauma and loss, and difficulties with burnout and the compassion fatigue of caring for loved ones with these issues. If you are an adult attempting to work through such difficulties in your life, the partner of someone having these problems, or if you are a parent seeking help for your child, I would welcome a chance to talk with you about how I may help.
I have over 12 years experience working with adults, children, and adolescents experiencing relationship problems, anxiety and mood concerns, emotional and/or behavioral troubles, trauma and loss, and difficulties with burnout and the compassion fatigue of caring for loved ones with these issues. If you are an adult attempting to work through such difficulties in your life, the partner of someone having these problems, or if you are a parent seeking help for your child, I would welcome a chance to talk with you about how I may help.
(510) 460-1303 View (510) 460-1303
Photo of Claudia Sieber, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Claudia Sieber
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Are you struggling with behaviors that you know are not good for you? Are you worried and depressed about your life and your relationships? Let me help you sort out your thoughts and feelings and help you get back on track. I also love seeing couples and families. You may bring significant others to your therapy if you wish, to help focus you in your relationship goals.
Are you struggling with behaviors that you know are not good for you? Are you worried and depressed about your life and your relationships? Let me help you sort out your thoughts and feelings and help you get back on track. I also love seeing couples and families. You may bring significant others to your therapy if you wish, to help focus you in your relationship goals.
(510) 730-3158 View (510) 730-3158
Photo of Jocelyn Lam, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jocelyn Lam
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
I work with folks in the intersection of being neurodivergent, BIPOC, and queer to navigate the oppressive structures that prevent us from expressing ourselves authentically. Together we can process intergenerational trauma to truly meet your needs. My areas of focus include conscious parenting, eating disorders, and postpartum/perinatal mental health. In our therapeutic relationship, genuine, empathetic care and connection come first. I understand that healing is not only individual but also systemic.
I work with folks in the intersection of being neurodivergent, BIPOC, and queer to navigate the oppressive structures that prevent us from expressing ourselves authentically. Together we can process intergenerational trauma to truly meet your needs. My areas of focus include conscious parenting, eating disorders, and postpartum/perinatal mental health. In our therapeutic relationship, genuine, empathetic care and connection come first. I understand that healing is not only individual but also systemic.
(650) 249-7703 View (650) 249-7703
Photo of Analuz Silva Tapia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Analuz Silva Tapia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, 94241
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome! I’m a licensed therapist with experience treating children, adolescents, adults, and families. My background in community mental health has informed my therapeutic style and allowed me to develop an approach rooted in harm reduction and advocacy. I enjoy working with folks navigating emerging adulthood, exploring identity, and navigating life transitions such as career changes. I also enjoy exploring how the past impacts attachment style and relational patterns, and how understanding and naming these aspects of ourselves can support our journey toward healing. My goal is for you to feel safe, seen, and validated.
Welcome! I’m a licensed therapist with experience treating children, adolescents, adults, and families. My background in community mental health has informed my therapeutic style and allowed me to develop an approach rooted in harm reduction and advocacy. I enjoy working with folks navigating emerging adulthood, exploring identity, and navigating life transitions such as career changes. I also enjoy exploring how the past impacts attachment style and relational patterns, and how understanding and naming these aspects of ourselves can support our journey toward healing. My goal is for you to feel safe, seen, and validated.
(510) 674-0632 View (510) 674-0632
Photo of Sydney Towle, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sydney Towle
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My role as a therapist is to support you in finding the strengths you already have. My goal is to create a space in which you feel seen and heard without judgment. My approach is culturally sensitive, trauma-informed care that focuses on implementing sustainable coping strategies. I have earned my Marriage and Family Therapy license through an extensive work history with folks primarily working through issues such as depression, anxiety, trauma, attentive and/or spectrum-related challenges, and identity concerns. I have been honored to work with a wondrously diverse population, including many LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC folks.
My role as a therapist is to support you in finding the strengths you already have. My goal is to create a space in which you feel seen and heard without judgment. My approach is culturally sensitive, trauma-informed care that focuses on implementing sustainable coping strategies. I have earned my Marriage and Family Therapy license through an extensive work history with folks primarily working through issues such as depression, anxiety, trauma, attentive and/or spectrum-related challenges, and identity concerns. I have been honored to work with a wondrously diverse population, including many LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC folks.
(510) 674-1817 View (510) 674-1817
Photo of Cortney Beasley, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Cortney Beasley
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with people who want support as they engage in self-exploration and attempt to make sense of the complexity and intersections of their identities, including race and ethnicity, spirituality, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status. I also believe that it is important for the people I work with to approach therapy as more than a culmination of sessions, but as part of a lifestyle and commitment to take time and space to prioritize one’s health. Additionally, I understand the power of self-study and that my role as a psychologist is to provide guidance and reminders as people connect with themselves and others.
I enjoy working with people who want support as they engage in self-exploration and attempt to make sense of the complexity and intersections of their identities, including race and ethnicity, spirituality, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status. I also believe that it is important for the people I work with to approach therapy as more than a culmination of sessions, but as part of a lifestyle and commitment to take time and space to prioritize one’s health. Additionally, I understand the power of self-study and that my role as a psychologist is to provide guidance and reminders as people connect with themselves and others.
(510) 390-8784 View (510) 390-8784
Photo of Change Talk with Angelyne Arellano, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Change Talk with Angelyne Arellano, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
Are you feeling sad, anxious, or lonely and you’re too ashamed or embarrassed to tell anyone about it? Do you pretend everything is alright as to not draw negative attention or cause problems in your relationships, yet inside you’re feeling despair? Do you feel confused and frustrated during conflicts, and you end up taking care of everyone else’s needs? Are you terrified to make decisions that go against familial or cultural norms? Do negative thoughts take over? Together, you and I will figure out what’s really going on with your discontent so that you don’t have to feel like a fraud or a helpless person. It’s going to be okay.
Are you feeling sad, anxious, or lonely and you’re too ashamed or embarrassed to tell anyone about it? Do you pretend everything is alright as to not draw negative attention or cause problems in your relationships, yet inside you’re feeling despair? Do you feel confused and frustrated during conflicts, and you end up taking care of everyone else’s needs? Are you terrified to make decisions that go against familial or cultural norms? Do negative thoughts take over? Together, you and I will figure out what’s really going on with your discontent so that you don’t have to feel like a fraud or a helpless person. It’s going to be okay.
(510) 216-1525 View (510) 216-1525
Photo of Alana Morazzini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Alana Morazzini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
You don’t feel like yourself, you push through each day joyless and overwhelmed. Talking to friends, family, or even your partner about how difficult things are often makes you feel more alone. More than anything you want to be excited about this next phase of life, to feel like you can meet this moment with hope and resolve and be there for those who need you most, but instead you are barely treading water. Worse, you and your partner have never felt more out of sync.
You don’t feel like yourself, you push through each day joyless and overwhelmed. Talking to friends, family, or even your partner about how difficult things are often makes you feel more alone. More than anything you want to be excited about this next phase of life, to feel like you can meet this moment with hope and resolve and be there for those who need you most, but instead you are barely treading water. Worse, you and your partner have never felt more out of sync.
(415) 322-5653 View (415) 322-5653
Photo of Grateful Heart Holistic Therapy Center, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oakland, CA
Grateful Heart Holistic Therapy Center
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Therapy provides such a rich opportunity for growth and learning, helping persons to recover from the aftermaths of trauma, abuse and loss, meet the hardships of their lives and thrive. In times like this, with so much anxiety about our collective welfare, it can be an invaluable lifeline. In response to the Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, we are now offering teletherapy (therapy by phone and online by video) for all our clients, whether new or established. Also called telehealth or telebehavioral health, teletherapy can provide vital care and support to individuals, couples and families.
Therapy provides such a rich opportunity for growth and learning, helping persons to recover from the aftermaths of trauma, abuse and loss, meet the hardships of their lives and thrive. In times like this, with so much anxiety about our collective welfare, it can be an invaluable lifeline. In response to the Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, we are now offering teletherapy (therapy by phone and online by video) for all our clients, whether new or established. Also called telehealth or telebehavioral health, teletherapy can provide vital care and support to individuals, couples and families.
(510) 858-0916 View (510) 858-0916
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(415) 949-2547 View (415) 949-2547
Photo of Briahn Badelle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Briahn Badelle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
The focus of my practice is working with folks from various communities figure out how to best navigate their lives. As we get older and work towards becoming more successful, it can become harder to figure things out, while also staying true to ourselves and prioritizing our needs. Sometimes we just need a mirror to help us see what is working well for us, and to help us figure out what is next. Whether you are experiencing life transitions, work stress, relationship challenges, anxiety, imposter syndrome, depression, grief or other challenges-I am here to partner with you to help you live your best life.
The focus of my practice is working with folks from various communities figure out how to best navigate their lives. As we get older and work towards becoming more successful, it can become harder to figure things out, while also staying true to ourselves and prioritizing our needs. Sometimes we just need a mirror to help us see what is working well for us, and to help us figure out what is next. Whether you are experiencing life transitions, work stress, relationship challenges, anxiety, imposter syndrome, depression, grief or other challenges-I am here to partner with you to help you live your best life.
(415) 985-1566 View (415) 985-1566
Photo of An Huynh, Psychological Associate in Oakland, CA
An Huynh
Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94601  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm An, a 1.5-generation Vietnamese American clinician, and like many of you, my journey is deeply personal. Rooted in the experiences of my family and our shared history as a Vietnamese refugee community, I have dedicated my career to understanding and healing the wounds of childhood trauma, intergenerational pain, and the struggles of finding where we belong, especially during life's transitions and adjustments. I believe that within each of us lies an incredible strength and an innate capacity for growth, waiting to be acknowledged and nurtured.
Hello, I'm An, a 1.5-generation Vietnamese American clinician, and like many of you, my journey is deeply personal. Rooted in the experiences of my family and our shared history as a Vietnamese refugee community, I have dedicated my career to understanding and healing the wounds of childhood trauma, intergenerational pain, and the struggles of finding where we belong, especially during life's transitions and adjustments. I believe that within each of us lies an incredible strength and an innate capacity for growth, waiting to be acknowledged and nurtured.
(510) 694-0583 View (510) 694-0583
Photo of Jay Joseph, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Jay Joseph
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618  (Online Only)
I enjoy being a psychotherapist because it provides me the opportunity to help people resolve the issues that are causing them distress. I work with adults, children, and families, and understand that each person is a unique individual with his or her unique life circumstances, history, and social and cultural context. A goal of our work together will be to help you identify and understand the conflicts that may be causing you difficulty, and to help you overcome them. Or perhaps negative thinking patterns cause you to experience sadness, loneliness, hopelessness, fear, or other unwanted emotions.
I enjoy being a psychotherapist because it provides me the opportunity to help people resolve the issues that are causing them distress. I work with adults, children, and families, and understand that each person is a unique individual with his or her unique life circumstances, history, and social and cultural context. A goal of our work together will be to help you identify and understand the conflicts that may be causing you difficulty, and to help you overcome them. Or perhaps negative thinking patterns cause you to experience sadness, loneliness, hopelessness, fear, or other unwanted emotions.
(510) 295-5490 View (510) 295-5490
Photo of Dr. Nicole Reinosa, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Dr. Nicole Reinosa
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94606  (Online Only)
Life can be challenging. Some people need support in responding to unexpected changes in their lives, some may be struggling with unresolved trauma, while others seek self-exploration and personal growth. When one’s coping skills are overwhelmed by feelings of guilt, doubt, anxiety, stress, or despair, therapy can be helpful.
Life can be challenging. Some people need support in responding to unexpected changes in their lives, some may be struggling with unresolved trauma, while others seek self-exploration and personal growth. When one’s coping skills are overwhelmed by feelings of guilt, doubt, anxiety, stress, or despair, therapy can be helpful.
(415) 326-1625 View (415) 326-1625
Photo of Ab (Abigail) Krumbein, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Ab (Abigail) Krumbein
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
We all deserve to feel safe and connected. Sometimes, overwhelming things happen that prevent us from feeling safe and settled in the world. In therapy, we support the strengths that have helped you survive and grow your capacity to move towards the life you long for. Whatever you are experiencing, be that anxiety, depression, or the pain of trauma or oppression, together we will collaborate to tend to what hurts and to nurture the vitality that exists inside you.
We all deserve to feel safe and connected. Sometimes, overwhelming things happen that prevent us from feeling safe and settled in the world. In therapy, we support the strengths that have helped you survive and grow your capacity to move towards the life you long for. Whatever you are experiencing, be that anxiety, depression, or the pain of trauma or oppression, together we will collaborate to tend to what hurts and to nurture the vitality that exists inside you.
(510) 916-2753 View (510) 916-2753

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.