Photo of Counseling Services, Inc., Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Counseling Services, Inc.
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PhD, MFT, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
At Counseling Services/LA Peace of Mind.com, we guide people to the light and empower themselves to heal. We help people who seek trust and freedom to be expressive, address life challenges, and barriers that interfere with growth and achieving life's goals. Now offering Neurofeedback in 2024
At Counseling Services/LA Peace of Mind.com, we guide people to the light and empower themselves to heal. We help people who seek trust and freedom to be expressive, address life challenges, and barriers that interfere with growth and achieving life's goals. Now offering Neurofeedback in 2024
(424) 353-4257 View (424) 353-4257
Photo of Indhushree Rajan, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Indhushree Rajan
Psychologist, PhD, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230
Dr. Indhushree Rajan is a licensed clinical psychologist in Beverly Hills, CA, where she does individual, couples, and family psychotherapy work. She is also a media consultant who speaks to psychological, socio-cultural, and mental health related issues, and does life coaching. Dr. Rajan sees clients presenting with a wide range of concerns, and has particular expertise in: complex trauma, mood disorders, racial, sexual, & cultural identity issues, as well as relationship concerns. Dr. Rajan enjoys working with clients of all ages across the lifespan.
Dr. Indhushree Rajan is a licensed clinical psychologist in Beverly Hills, CA, where she does individual, couples, and family psychotherapy work. She is also a media consultant who speaks to psychological, socio-cultural, and mental health related issues, and does life coaching. Dr. Rajan sees clients presenting with a wide range of concerns, and has particular expertise in: complex trauma, mood disorders, racial, sexual, & cultural identity issues, as well as relationship concerns. Dr. Rajan enjoys working with clients of all ages across the lifespan.
(323) 591-2931 View (323) 591-2931
Photo of Tracy R Zemansky, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Tracy R Zemansky
Psychologist, PhD, CSAT-S, MFT
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90066
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist, Clinical Sex Addiction Therapist - Supervisor, and licensed MFT with a private practice in Santa Monica, California since 1994. I offer interpersonal psychotherapy with individuals, families, and groups as well as psychological testing and assessment. My areas of expertise include: substance and process addictions, trauma/abuse, positive psychology, impaired professionals and first-responders, as well as grief/loss, disfigurement, and cross-cultural issues. I provide traditional, forensic, and pre-employment psychological assessment as well as Collaborative/Therapeutic evaluations.
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist, Clinical Sex Addiction Therapist - Supervisor, and licensed MFT with a private practice in Santa Monica, California since 1994. I offer interpersonal psychotherapy with individuals, families, and groups as well as psychological testing and assessment. My areas of expertise include: substance and process addictions, trauma/abuse, positive psychology, impaired professionals and first-responders, as well as grief/loss, disfigurement, and cross-cultural issues. I provide traditional, forensic, and pre-employment psychological assessment as well as Collaborative/Therapeutic evaluations.
(424) 396-0349 View (424) 396-0349

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Mindful Health Solutions, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver City, CA
Mindful Health Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90036
I practice general psychology and works with clients who are struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, prenatal and postpartum issues, anger, parenting challenges, and couples issues. I also have a concentrated interest in the family of origin trauma.
I practice general psychology and works with clients who are struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, prenatal and postpartum issues, anger, parenting challenges, and couples issues. I also have a concentrated interest in the family of origin trauma.
(323) 529-0824 View (323) 529-0824
Photo of Dr. Vicki D. Coleman, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Culver City, CA
Dr. Vicki D. Coleman
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, EdD, LCPC, CCMHC, MAC/DAC, SAP
Verified Verified
Marina Del Rey, CA 90292
TELEHEALTH OFFERED! WHY ARE YOU SO ANGRY? In the 21st century global economy, Anger is a major challenge! Although a valid emotion, unmonitored, it can lead to stress, inappropriate behavior, and violence. A former Tenured Professor at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, I earned a Doctorate in Psychology from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. Publications include books (Amazon Bestsellers), 9 chapters, and refereed journal articles. Anger is frequently the antecedent to a myriad of issues. My goal is to facilitate the identification of viable solutions. I have 6 Full Clinical Licenses in 5 States-CA, IL, IN, MI, & NV.
TELEHEALTH OFFERED! WHY ARE YOU SO ANGRY? In the 21st century global economy, Anger is a major challenge! Although a valid emotion, unmonitored, it can lead to stress, inappropriate behavior, and violence. A former Tenured Professor at Purdue University in West Lafayette, IN, I earned a Doctorate in Psychology from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. Publications include books (Amazon Bestsellers), 9 chapters, and refereed journal articles. Anger is frequently the antecedent to a myriad of issues. My goal is to facilitate the identification of viable solutions. I have 6 Full Clinical Licenses in 5 States-CA, IL, IN, MI, & NV.
(310) 591-8249 View (310) 591-8249
Photo of Mind Thrive Health, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Mind Thrive Health
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90001
As a Therapy practice we love to help everyone! no matter what the situation is, our purpose is to help anyone struggling during these times!
As a Therapy practice we love to help everyone! no matter what the situation is, our purpose is to help anyone struggling during these times!
(949) 989-5476 View (949) 989-5476
Photo of Tiffany D. Sani, Psy.D., Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Tiffany D. Sani, Psy.D.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Beverly Hills, CA 90212
It can feel so overwhelming or challenging to reach out for support, or even to trust that support can help. I have been in practice for over 18 years and my approach is collaborative and intuitive. I aim to support the whole-person, which emphasizes compassion, insight, self awareness and empowerment to help individuals live more gratifying lives. I aim to assist my clients in past and present challenges in order to help them integrate and live more functional lives, while fostering the opportunity to live to their own fullest potential.
It can feel so overwhelming or challenging to reach out for support, or even to trust that support can help. I have been in practice for over 18 years and my approach is collaborative and intuitive. I aim to support the whole-person, which emphasizes compassion, insight, self awareness and empowerment to help individuals live more gratifying lives. I aim to assist my clients in past and present challenges in order to help them integrate and live more functional lives, while fostering the opportunity to live to their own fullest potential.
(310) 861-9161 View (310) 861-9161
Photo of David Ibrahim, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Culver City, CA
David Ibrahim
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LMFT, LAADC , E500RYT, EMDR, ISTDP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90026
Do you wonder if you’re an addict, maybe not? I provide assessments and interventions for addiction. I’ve worked with famous actors, directors, major league athletes, scholars, scientists, studio executives, engineers, Hip Hop moguls and successful individuals. I specialize in trauma and addiction. I deal with issues such as controlled drinking, sobriety, relationship, couple's or family issues, Court, incest survivor trauma, and addiction issues. I'm also a LMFT, and Yoga and Meditation Therapist and EMDR Therapist which gives me a unique ability to help my patients integrate in their bodies emotionally and mentally.
Do you wonder if you’re an addict, maybe not? I provide assessments and interventions for addiction. I’ve worked with famous actors, directors, major league athletes, scholars, scientists, studio executives, engineers, Hip Hop moguls and successful individuals. I specialize in trauma and addiction. I deal with issues such as controlled drinking, sobriety, relationship, couple's or family issues, Court, incest survivor trauma, and addiction issues. I'm also a LMFT, and Yoga and Meditation Therapist and EMDR Therapist which gives me a unique ability to help my patients integrate in their bodies emotionally and mentally.
(323) 531-5725 View (323) 531-5725
Photo of Dianne Porchia in Culver City, CA
Dianne Porchia
MA, DMBM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Dianne Porchia is featured in HEAL Documentary film for her successful healing work with advance stage cancer client who remains cancer free over 5 years after diagnosis with stage IV colorectal cancer. Porchia's unique holistic approach to healing integrates the principles and practice of mind-body-heart-soul energy medicine, epigenetics, psychoneuroimmunology and heart-centered communication skills to reduce mental-emotional stress, support immune function and create and maintain successful and loving relationships through high stress life challenges such as divorce, death, loss of job, serious illness, disease and cancer.
Dianne Porchia is featured in HEAL Documentary film for her successful healing work with advance stage cancer client who remains cancer free over 5 years after diagnosis with stage IV colorectal cancer. Porchia's unique holistic approach to healing integrates the principles and practice of mind-body-heart-soul energy medicine, epigenetics, psychoneuroimmunology and heart-centered communication skills to reduce mental-emotional stress, support immune function and create and maintain successful and loving relationships through high stress life challenges such as divorce, death, loss of job, serious illness, disease and cancer.
(310) 627-2585 View (310) 627-2585
Photo of Zachary L Hollis, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Culver City, CA
Zachary L Hollis
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90066
Being biracial of African American & Mexican decent along with my training and experiences has fostered me to approach every situation with an open mind, to be mindful and present while being flexible and empathetic. After graduating with a BA degree in Media Studies Communications from University of Tampa and prior to pursuing a career as a psychotherapist, I spent several years playing professional basketball overseas. I am also an active SAG-AFTRA member in the film and television industry. My diverse background is what I bring to the therapeutic space so together we can form healthy ways to cope with challenges without limits.
Being biracial of African American & Mexican decent along with my training and experiences has fostered me to approach every situation with an open mind, to be mindful and present while being flexible and empathetic. After graduating with a BA degree in Media Studies Communications from University of Tampa and prior to pursuing a career as a psychotherapist, I spent several years playing professional basketball overseas. I am also an active SAG-AFTRA member in the film and television industry. My diverse background is what I bring to the therapeutic space so together we can form healthy ways to cope with challenges without limits.
(310) 881-8717 View (310) 881-8717
Photo of Dr. Pamela Kaczmarek Licensed Clinical Psychologist, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Dr. Pamela Kaczmarek Licensed Clinical Psychologist
Psychologist, AS, BA, MA, LPC, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90027
Waitlist for new clients
"Normal is just a setting on the dryer!" Https://pronkcounseling.com/about-pronk FOR DETAILED INFORMATION /// I enjoy working with individuals who are (not always) open to engage in the therapeutic process and allow themselves to transform into the unique, worthy person they’ve always been.....but perhaps have not yet met. I often work with profound unrecognized and misdiagnosed trauma, critical incidents & shame. The benefit about having various "tools" in my arsenal means we don't need to verbally go "into the muck" which can be re-traumatizing and contraindicated.
"Normal is just a setting on the dryer!" Https://pronkcounseling.com/about-pronk FOR DETAILED INFORMATION /// I enjoy working with individuals who are (not always) open to engage in the therapeutic process and allow themselves to transform into the unique, worthy person they’ve always been.....but perhaps have not yet met. I often work with profound unrecognized and misdiagnosed trauma, critical incidents & shame. The benefit about having various "tools" in my arsenal means we don't need to verbally go "into the muck" which can be re-traumatizing and contraindicated.
(262) 891-4924 View (262) 891-4924
Photo of David Ibrahim, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
David Ibrahim
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LAADC, EMDR , EYRT500, ISTDP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90403
Are past traumatic experiences, being an adult child of a dysfunctional home, incest survival experiences, addiction issues, phobia, panic, anxiety, C-PTSD or depression affecting your success? Are distractions impacting your optimal performance abilities at work, in your intimate relationships, or in relationships with family members or with yourself? Are you surviving instead of thriving? I provide accelerated Psychotherapy for individuals and couples who are challenged by performance loss and emotional unhappiness. Also offer Diagnosis evaluation for addiction, mood, personality, and adult Autism spectrum. HSP and Kink friendly.
Are past traumatic experiences, being an adult child of a dysfunctional home, incest survival experiences, addiction issues, phobia, panic, anxiety, C-PTSD or depression affecting your success? Are distractions impacting your optimal performance abilities at work, in your intimate relationships, or in relationships with family members or with yourself? Are you surviving instead of thriving? I provide accelerated Psychotherapy for individuals and couples who are challenged by performance loss and emotional unhappiness. Also offer Diagnosis evaluation for addiction, mood, personality, and adult Autism spectrum. HSP and Kink friendly.
(805) 420-7531 View (805) 420-7531
Photo of Counseling for Couples & Families, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Counseling for Couples & Families
Psychologist, PsyD, MFCC, CHT
Verified Verified
Redondo Beach, CA 90278
Relationships between husbands, wives, lovers, boy/girl friends, children or parents can be tricky. Happy, satisfying and fulfilling relationships require attention, energy, fun, humor, communication, time and investment of yourself. Too often relationships are hampered by misunderstandings, hurtful actions, stress, differences of opinions, unmet needs, and different expectations. Personality changes over time, affairs of the heart, infidelity, unmet sexual intimacy, abuse, cruel words, neglect, self-centeredness, different communication styles, different goals, values and dissimilar interests or fun activities also create unhappiness in relationships. Dr. Carol Francis has worked with relationships satisfaction for 32 years. 310-543-1824 or RelationshipSatisfactionNow.com and drcarolfrancis.com pathstosuccesses.com
Relationships between husbands, wives, lovers, boy/girl friends, children or parents can be tricky. Happy, satisfying and fulfilling relationships require attention, energy, fun, humor, communication, time and investment of yourself. Too often relationships are hampered by misunderstandings, hurtful actions, stress, differences of opinions, unmet needs, and different expectations. Personality changes over time, affairs of the heart, infidelity, unmet sexual intimacy, abuse, cruel words, neglect, self-centeredness, different communication styles, different goals, values and dissimilar interests or fun activities also create unhappiness in relationships. Dr. Carol Francis has worked with relationships satisfaction for 32 years. 310-543-1824 or RelationshipSatisfactionNow.com and drcarolfrancis.com pathstosuccesses.com
(310) 543-1824 View (310) 543-1824
Photo of Dr. Linda Thompson, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Dr. Linda Thompson
Psychologist, PhD, MA
Verified Verified
Manhattan Beach, CA 90266
Finding a psychotherapist you feel comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings with can seem like a great challenge. As you search, it is helpful to be mindful of what is bringing you to therapy and what you are wanting from a therapist. When you find someone you think you may be able to bond with, you can talk with them about what you are looking for and if you don't know, ask them how they envision working with you. As a psychologist with over 30 years of experience, I believe that meeting the client where they are is the key to creating a safe and supportive environment conducive to change.
Finding a psychotherapist you feel comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings with can seem like a great challenge. As you search, it is helpful to be mindful of what is bringing you to therapy and what you are wanting from a therapist. When you find someone you think you may be able to bond with, you can talk with them about what you are looking for and if you don't know, ask them how they envision working with you. As a psychologist with over 30 years of experience, I believe that meeting the client where they are is the key to creating a safe and supportive environment conducive to change.
(310) 896-4194 View (310) 896-4194
Photo of Brian J Benjamin, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Brian J Benjamin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90004  (Online Only)
I specialize in providing psychological services to children and adolescents. These include neuropsychological assessment and psychotherapy. Assessments can be invaluable tools that provide diagnostic clarification, treatment recommendations, and the basis for academic accommodations. The therapeutic interventions I provide to young clients can be used to address a range of common challenges including, but not limited to emotional dysregulation and behavior problems. Based on the client, therapy may take various forms and could entail a talk or play-based approach. I regularly integrate parent or family sessions when appropriate.
I specialize in providing psychological services to children and adolescents. These include neuropsychological assessment and psychotherapy. Assessments can be invaluable tools that provide diagnostic clarification, treatment recommendations, and the basis for academic accommodations. The therapeutic interventions I provide to young clients can be used to address a range of common challenges including, but not limited to emotional dysregulation and behavior problems. Based on the client, therapy may take various forms and could entail a talk or play-based approach. I regularly integrate parent or family sessions when appropriate.
(626) 714-2875 View (626) 714-2875

Online Therapists

Photo of Paige Pensivy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Culver City, CA
Paige Pensivy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake Village, CA 91362
Waitlist for new clients
I have a background in theatre and dance and specialize in CBT, Gestalt, Play, and Art therapy modalities as well as working with clients who have special needs such as ASD or Cognitive disabilities.
Hello, I am so happy you are here and ready to start a new "chapter". I am currently accepting clients both on zoom and in person age 2-22 with a variety of concerns ranging from anxiety to behavioral challenges. I have a vast experience in working with children and adolescents within all levels from private practice to residential . I come from a creative approach to therapy making it fun and inviting while instilling growth and meeting goals. I hope that this step allows you and your child/teen to find peace and can create a tool box that will last a life time. I am looking forward to connecting with you and your child/adolescent.
I have a background in theatre and dance and specialize in CBT, Gestalt, Play, and Art therapy modalities as well as working with clients who have special needs such as ASD or Cognitive disabilities.
Hello, I am so happy you are here and ready to start a new "chapter". I am currently accepting clients both on zoom and in person age 2-22 with a variety of concerns ranging from anxiety to behavioral challenges. I have a vast experience in working with children and adolescents within all levels from private practice to residential . I come from a creative approach to therapy making it fun and inviting while instilling growth and meeting goals. I hope that this step allows you and your child/teen to find peace and can create a tool box that will last a life time. I am looking forward to connecting with you and your child/adolescent.
(805) 918-8558 View (805) 918-8558
Photo of Nanette Sebourn Couples-Individual-Sex specialist, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Nanette Sebourn Couples-Individual-Sex specialist
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Temecula, CA 92590
Whether you are changing your relationship from falling in love to True Love or wanting inner growth, it is an art that must be learned.
Ms. Sebourn is IMPARTIAL, KIND AND ACCURATE. She treats individuals and couples AT THE SAME TIME. She specializes in sex therapy for individuals and couples. She is a Psychologist, a Healer and an Educator so her treatments use all three modes to help with any issue. Her hours are 12noon to 7pm to accommodate everyone's schedule on Mondays thru Thursday. She wrote a book titled "Love with a Brain" ( ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0578661698 ) and it is available on Amazon. She offers a free meet & greet so please call to find out more. She honestly cares about her clients. See for yourself at Nanettesebourn.com
Whether you are changing your relationship from falling in love to True Love or wanting inner growth, it is an art that must be learned.
Ms. Sebourn is IMPARTIAL, KIND AND ACCURATE. She treats individuals and couples AT THE SAME TIME. She specializes in sex therapy for individuals and couples. She is a Psychologist, a Healer and an Educator so her treatments use all three modes to help with any issue. Her hours are 12noon to 7pm to accommodate everyone's schedule on Mondays thru Thursday. She wrote a book titled "Love with a Brain" ( ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0578661698 ) and it is available on Amazon. She offers a free meet & greet so please call to find out more. She honestly cares about her clients. See for yourself at Nanettesebourn.com
(951) 291-0563 View (951) 291-0563
Photo of Dr. Rehana Peiris, Registered Psychological Associate in Culver City, CA
Dr. Rehana Peiris
Registered Psychological Associate, MA, MFT, PsyD
Verified Verified
Claremont, CA 91711
I believe that their is healing and growth that comes from fostering a space for other’s to share their life story. In facilitating this process, I will help you process life's events, discover your strengths and areas to improve, and support you in crossing the bridge to your next level. While I am qualified to work with a range of issues, I especially enjoy working with parents, children, youth and couples by supporting their development, facilitating their personal autonomy, and helping them navigate through challenging times.
I believe that their is healing and growth that comes from fostering a space for other’s to share their life story. In facilitating this process, I will help you process life's events, discover your strengths and areas to improve, and support you in crossing the bridge to your next level. While I am qualified to work with a range of issues, I especially enjoy working with parents, children, youth and couples by supporting their development, facilitating their personal autonomy, and helping them navigate through challenging times.
(909) 280-7860 View (909) 280-7860
Photo of Alia Harlan Kaneaiakala, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Alia Harlan Kaneaiakala
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PsyD
Verified Verified
Mission Viejo, CA 92694  (Online Only)
I am an Attachment based therapist well versed with severe levels of trauma, anxiety and depression due to family systems, addiction, adoption or other struggles. I have over 20 years experience as a dancer and dance studio owner from which I draw upon for a creative, integrative approach in therapy and fresh approach to understanding my clients. I am also fortunate enough to work collaborately with another therapist and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners to provide wraparound services for clients all in our beautiful office space. I believe in exploring all avenues and taking innovative approaches in therapy to aid the client in healing and personal growth.
I am an Attachment based therapist well versed with severe levels of trauma, anxiety and depression due to family systems, addiction, adoption or other struggles. I have over 20 years experience as a dancer and dance studio owner from which I draw upon for a creative, integrative approach in therapy and fresh approach to understanding my clients. I am also fortunate enough to work collaborately with another therapist and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners to provide wraparound services for clients all in our beautiful office space. I believe in exploring all avenues and taking innovative approaches in therapy to aid the client in healing and personal growth.
(949) 273-2912 View (949) 273-2912
Photo of Jazzmin T Hicks-Bonam, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Jazzmin T Hicks-Bonam
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90503
In these challenging times, with the uncertainties ahead, and constant changes, we offer both phone and video sessions (HIPAA compliant) and provide all paperwork, payment, scheduling, and check-ins online (in-person contact is not required). In-person sessions are available for those who prefer them, in a socially distance and safe space, complying with all governmental requirements. To start, we can provide a 15-20 minute free consultation to answer any questions and/or determine if our services are a good fit for you!
In these challenging times, with the uncertainties ahead, and constant changes, we offer both phone and video sessions (HIPAA compliant) and provide all paperwork, payment, scheduling, and check-ins online (in-person contact is not required). In-person sessions are available for those who prefer them, in a socially distance and safe space, complying with all governmental requirements. To start, we can provide a 15-20 minute free consultation to answer any questions and/or determine if our services are a good fit for you!
(310) 340-6636 View (310) 340-6636

Art Therapy

How does art therapy work?

The process of making art allows people to express themselves. Art-making can take many forms, such as painting, collage, or sculpting. The therapist asks questions that the work elicits, such as how the person felt while creating their piece, or if any memories surfaced that they can discuss. The therapist will then work with the patient to process their experience, understand themselves better, and work toward change.

Does art therapy help with trauma?

Art therapy can be a valuable treatment option for those suffering from trauma. Traumatic experiences such as combat, rape, or childhood abuse can be so painful that articulating them can be too scary or painful; creating art allows people to express themselves without words, and tell their story in a different way. The physical nature of creating art can also help people feel rooted in the body, which may benefit those who feel disconnected from their body in the aftermath of trauma.

How long does art therapy last?

The duration of art therapy varies, but a common length for treatment is 10 to 15 weekly sessions. Some people may see improvement in just a few weeks, while others may choose to remain in therapy longer term. Patients should periodically discuss their goals with their therapist to make sure the two are aligned on process and progress.

What are the limitations of art therapy?

Art therapy is helpful for many people, but a limitation is that it doesn’t have as robust an evidence base as other forms of therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or acceptance and commitment therapy. The evidence on art therapy is mixed; some research demonstrates its benefits, while other research suggests that it has little impact on patients.