Therapists in Valley Village, CA

Photo of Athena Mesina, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Valley Village, CA
Athena Mesina
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607  (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Athena and I am an Associate Registered Marriage and Family Therapist based in Los Angeles, California. I have experience working with adults and teens addressing physical trauma, emotional abuse, depression, anxiety, PTSD, and more. I previously worked for a Trauma Assault Crisis Center which has expanded my expertise to include a population that has experienced complex traumas. To me, a therapist is a form of support walking alongside clients in their mental health journey; continuing to learn with them, staying proactive, and backing them as they navigate obstacles. A safe and warm, compassionate space.
Welcome! My name is Athena and I am an Associate Registered Marriage and Family Therapist based in Los Angeles, California. I have experience working with adults and teens addressing physical trauma, emotional abuse, depression, anxiety, PTSD, and more. I previously worked for a Trauma Assault Crisis Center which has expanded my expertise to include a population that has experienced complex traumas. To me, a therapist is a form of support walking alongside clients in their mental health journey; continuing to learn with them, staying proactive, and backing them as they navigate obstacles. A safe and warm, compassionate space.
(818) 696-4909 View (818) 696-4909
Photo of Jazzlyn Marisela Hammett, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Valley Village, CA
Jazzlyn Marisela Hammett
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
We often find ourselves in rigid or stuck places. Life can be hard and navigating it alone is even harder. Whether you are having consistent negative thoughts, encountering a big life transition, lacking in your relationships, or struggling to cultivate joy — I would be honored to help you find or return to your meaning and goals in life. Working together we will move you from rigidity to more fluidity where we can explore all the dualities of life.
We often find ourselves in rigid or stuck places. Life can be hard and navigating it alone is even harder. Whether you are having consistent negative thoughts, encountering a big life transition, lacking in your relationships, or struggling to cultivate joy — I would be honored to help you find or return to your meaning and goals in life. Working together we will move you from rigidity to more fluidity where we can explore all the dualities of life.
(818) 717-7850 View (818) 717-7850
Photo of Ladan Jabbari, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Ladan Jabbari
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
Therapy is a very sacred space in which you are trusting another individual with your story and in order to heal, you need to feel safe. I am here to provide you with that space, so that while you have to wear a mask in every other area of your life, while you are in this space, you can remove that mask and be your true authentic self, without judgment. My role is to support you and to assist during your healing process, providing you with what it is that you need. My therapy process is solely tailored to each and every unique individual that I am working with.
Therapy is a very sacred space in which you are trusting another individual with your story and in order to heal, you need to feel safe. I am here to provide you with that space, so that while you have to wear a mask in every other area of your life, while you are in this space, you can remove that mask and be your true authentic self, without judgment. My role is to support you and to assist during your healing process, providing you with what it is that you need. My therapy process is solely tailored to each and every unique individual that I am working with.
(818) 405-8628 View (818) 405-8628
Photo of Ashari Wallace, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Valley Village, CA
Ashari Wallace
Associate Clinical Social Worker, MSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Valley Village, CA 91607  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am an African American/Black woman. I believe that representation matters in mental health services, especially as stigmas around mental health are being addressed as Black people/people of color are seeking therapy more often in today’s society. I am an Associate Clinical Social Work and received my Master of Social Work degree from Simmons University. My goal when working with my clients is to help you (the client and/or your family) learn how to better manage the symptoms and behaviors you experience while developing and maintaining positive coping skills. I am passionate about helping young women and young adults.
I am an African American/Black woman. I believe that representation matters in mental health services, especially as stigmas around mental health are being addressed as Black people/people of color are seeking therapy more often in today’s society. I am an Associate Clinical Social Work and received my Master of Social Work degree from Simmons University. My goal when working with my clients is to help you (the client and/or your family) learn how to better manage the symptoms and behaviors you experience while developing and maintaining positive coping skills. I am passionate about helping young women and young adults.
(818) 431-2232 View (818) 431-2232
Photo of Seth Menachem, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Seth Menachem
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Valley Village, CA 91607
I am a psychodynamically-oriented therapist, which means I work to help you understand your history so we can discover how it is influencing the ways in which you currently operate in the world. Those experiences can lead to defense mechanisms that can make it more challenging to fully connect to feelings and emotions. As your therapist, our relationship in the room is integral to the work. It is while navigating those feelings where self-discovery, bringing the unconscious to the surface, and corrective emotional experiences, help you diminish your symptoms, find clarity, and become a fully-realized, authentic human being.
I am a psychodynamically-oriented therapist, which means I work to help you understand your history so we can discover how it is influencing the ways in which you currently operate in the world. Those experiences can lead to defense mechanisms that can make it more challenging to fully connect to feelings and emotions. As your therapist, our relationship in the room is integral to the work. It is while navigating those feelings where self-discovery, bringing the unconscious to the surface, and corrective emotional experiences, help you diminish your symptoms, find clarity, and become a fully-realized, authentic human being.
(323) 498-1227 View (323) 498-1227
Photo of Jennifer Brizuela, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Jennifer Brizuela
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607  (Online Only)
What do you say to yourself in times of stress? During moments of uncertainty, are you able to reach for your partner for support? Sometimes, our inner conversations disrupt our ability to cope or connect with others. I can help! I specialize in working with adults who have experienced trauma, are struggling with anxiety, depression, or undergoing life transitions. In my work with couples, I help strengthen connections and overcome "raw spots" within your relationship. I specialize in working with intercultural couples to help each partner better understand one another's lived experiences.
What do you say to yourself in times of stress? During moments of uncertainty, are you able to reach for your partner for support? Sometimes, our inner conversations disrupt our ability to cope or connect with others. I can help! I specialize in working with adults who have experienced trauma, are struggling with anxiety, depression, or undergoing life transitions. In my work with couples, I help strengthen connections and overcome "raw spots" within your relationship. I specialize in working with intercultural couples to help each partner better understand one another's lived experiences.
(323) 897-1484 View (323) 897-1484
Photo of Menachem Stulberger, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Menachem Stulberger
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607  (Online Only)
Thank you for visiting my profile. You can learn more about me by checking out my website. I am currently accepting clients in CA, ND, NJ, UT, WA, AZ and OR. I offer a complimentary consultation meeting so we can speak and get to know each other a bit before starting therapy.
Thank you for visiting my profile. You can learn more about me by checking out my website. I am currently accepting clients in CA, ND, NJ, UT, WA, AZ and OR. I offer a complimentary consultation meeting so we can speak and get to know each other a bit before starting therapy.
(661) 276-9389 View (661) 276-9389
Photo of Paige E. Fecske, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Paige E. Fecske
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607  (Online Only)
Right now everything may seem overwhelming and impossible…take a deep breath and know that you are not alone. I provide a warm and compassionate space that encourages growth and connection. Our sessions will be collaborative, creative, and tailored to your individual needs. The therapeutic techniques I use have been shown to help people bring awareness to unconscious patterns and understanding to their thoughts, behaviors and emotions.
Right now everything may seem overwhelming and impossible…take a deep breath and know that you are not alone. I provide a warm and compassionate space that encourages growth and connection. Our sessions will be collaborative, creative, and tailored to your individual needs. The therapeutic techniques I use have been shown to help people bring awareness to unconscious patterns and understanding to their thoughts, behaviors and emotions.
(323) 714-3996 View (323) 714-3996
Photo of Susanne Bech Simonsen M.s Health Psychology in Valley Village, CA
Susanne Bech Simonsen M.s Health Psychology
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
I do ONLINE SESSIONS. Quit smoking - easy and without gaining weight. 1-2 sessions. I believe that if you change your thoughts, you can change anything in your life! Your history is never your destiny. With more than 35 years of experience in the field, I have treated people with all kinds of issues. My experience includes owning and running a drug and alcohol treatment facility with 300 inpatients. In my practice the number 1 priority is to let go of the past, sleep good, feel good and eat good from session 1 - this creates a good foundation for the further treatment. Session in your home is possible
I do ONLINE SESSIONS. Quit smoking - easy and without gaining weight. 1-2 sessions. I believe that if you change your thoughts, you can change anything in your life! Your history is never your destiny. With more than 35 years of experience in the field, I have treated people with all kinds of issues. My experience includes owning and running a drug and alcohol treatment facility with 300 inpatients. In my practice the number 1 priority is to let go of the past, sleep good, feel good and eat good from session 1 - this creates a good foundation for the further treatment. Session in your home is possible
(323) 765-3339 View (323) 765-3339
Photo of Heather Weingold, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Heather Weingold
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
I offer both in-person & virtual sessions. I primarily see adults who are struggling with symptoms of ADHD, anxiety, depression, identity, parenthood, grief and loss & relationship stressors. As a therapist, I believe in a more new school approach where our dynamic in session provides the foundation for self actualization. I want clients to feel safe, comfortable and enjoy coming to session even when there are psychosocial stressors that we are working through.
I offer both in-person & virtual sessions. I primarily see adults who are struggling with symptoms of ADHD, anxiety, depression, identity, parenthood, grief and loss & relationship stressors. As a therapist, I believe in a more new school approach where our dynamic in session provides the foundation for self actualization. I want clients to feel safe, comfortable and enjoy coming to session even when there are psychosocial stressors that we are working through.
(818) 369-3096 View (818) 369-3096
Photo of Paul Newland, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Paul Newland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
I have come to know myself as a lover of curiosity, an avid outdoors person, and someone who has an intense interest in better understanding the unique experiences of each person. My work in healing has spanned more than fifteen years and my practice in mental health has been improving for more than five years. I have developed a deep respect for relationships, individuals, and the practices that shape our lives. My experience has me coming to understand that only through asking questions and listening closely can we come to really understand our situation and be seen for who we really are.
I have come to know myself as a lover of curiosity, an avid outdoors person, and someone who has an intense interest in better understanding the unique experiences of each person. My work in healing has spanned more than fifteen years and my practice in mental health has been improving for more than five years. I have developed a deep respect for relationships, individuals, and the practices that shape our lives. My experience has me coming to understand that only through asking questions and listening closely can we come to really understand our situation and be seen for who we really are.
(818) 593-0591 View (818) 593-0591
Photo of Tiny Steps Developmental Services, Psychologist in Valley Village, CA
Tiny Steps Developmental Services
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
Our practice is centered around providing quality clinicians to helping children, adults and families improve their lives. We provide a variety of services includes psychological testing, psychotherapy and ABA. Through the use of several treatment modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), as well as psychodynamic and humanistic interventions we work uniquely with each client to reach their goals.
Our practice is centered around providing quality clinicians to helping children, adults and families improve their lives. We provide a variety of services includes psychological testing, psychotherapy and ABA. Through the use of several treatment modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), as well as psychodynamic and humanistic interventions we work uniquely with each client to reach their goals.
(424) 321-6452 View (424) 321-6452
Photo of Gary D Pearle, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Gary D Pearle
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
Good therapy is one of life’s most rewarding experiences. It’s informative, it's amusing, and now and then it's downright breathtaking—in those moments when the pieces fall into place and suddenly things get clearer, more workable. At the beginning though, it’s usually a tangle. A relationship isn’t right, or your work isn’t what you hoped it would be. Maybe you’re nervous or depressed. Something new may be trying to enter your life, but it’s doing so in a very uncomfortable way. That’s when it’s worth finding someone who has a feel for the possibilities—some of them quite surprising—that may lie just around the corner.
Good therapy is one of life’s most rewarding experiences. It’s informative, it's amusing, and now and then it's downright breathtaking—in those moments when the pieces fall into place and suddenly things get clearer, more workable. At the beginning though, it’s usually a tangle. A relationship isn’t right, or your work isn’t what you hoped it would be. Maybe you’re nervous or depressed. Something new may be trying to enter your life, but it’s doing so in a very uncomfortable way. That’s when it’s worth finding someone who has a feel for the possibilities—some of them quite surprising—that may lie just around the corner.
(747) 233-2528 View (747) 233-2528
Photo of Sari Tracht, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Valley Village, CA
Sari Tracht
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Valley Village, CA 91607
My mission as a therapist is to help you navigate through life’s complexities and challenges that may leave you feeling discouraged and disconnected. Together, we can embark on a journey of self-discovery, align with your true purpose, and heal old wounds. I am a firm believer that therapy can transform your life. I know this because my own therapeutic journey has transformed mine. This is why I am deeply committed to helping people make meaningful changes by offering a safe and supportive, judgment-free, and–believe it or not–fun and enjoyable environment to do inner work and feel understood with a renewed sense of hope.
My mission as a therapist is to help you navigate through life’s complexities and challenges that may leave you feeling discouraged and disconnected. Together, we can embark on a journey of self-discovery, align with your true purpose, and heal old wounds. I am a firm believer that therapy can transform your life. I know this because my own therapeutic journey has transformed mine. This is why I am deeply committed to helping people make meaningful changes by offering a safe and supportive, judgment-free, and–believe it or not–fun and enjoyable environment to do inner work and feel understood with a renewed sense of hope.
(818) 210-4031 View (818) 210-4031
Photo of Blanche Mcwane, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Blanche Mcwane
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Valley Village, CA 91607
Are you suffering from anxiety and depression, or having symptoms such as insomnia or a change in appetite, have feelings that something is not quite right but feel stuck as how to change. We are often unconsciously drawn to familiar situations we learned in childhood. Events and relationships in the earlier parts of our lives have affected us, and draw us into familiar situations where we repeat unhealthy choices, that are often not in our best interest.
Are you suffering from anxiety and depression, or having symptoms such as insomnia or a change in appetite, have feelings that something is not quite right but feel stuck as how to change. We are often unconsciously drawn to familiar situations we learned in childhood. Events and relationships in the earlier parts of our lives have affected us, and draw us into familiar situations where we repeat unhealthy choices, that are often not in our best interest.
(818) 308-3234 View (818) 308-3234
Photo of Suri Nowosiolski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Suri Nowosiolski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MS SpEd
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
Are you feeling overwhelmed by your child's anxiety? Are you exasperated by your child's constant need for reassurance? Do you find yourself staying away from particular places or activities in order to avoid triggering your child's worries? Do you wish your child would "just relax" and enjoy being a kid? Is your child preoccupied with "what-ifs" or does he/she meltdown easily when faced with a situation they'd rather avoid? Does your child have trouble separating from you or do they avoid social situations? Are you looking for an evidence-based way to help your child? If you answered "yes" to any of these questions, I can help.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by your child's anxiety? Are you exasperated by your child's constant need for reassurance? Do you find yourself staying away from particular places or activities in order to avoid triggering your child's worries? Do you wish your child would "just relax" and enjoy being a kid? Is your child preoccupied with "what-ifs" or does he/she meltdown easily when faced with a situation they'd rather avoid? Does your child have trouble separating from you or do they avoid social situations? Are you looking for an evidence-based way to help your child? If you answered "yes" to any of these questions, I can help.
(818) 814-9432 View (818) 814-9432
Photo of Terrence Kava, Pre-Licensed Professional in Valley Village, CA
Terrence Kava
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PhD(c)
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607
Is fear blocking you from moving forward with your dreams and preventing you from reaching your full potential? Do you keep repeating the same patterns because of the shadows created by your past traumas? Does your life seem unmanageable and you do not know who to turn to?
Is fear blocking you from moving forward with your dreams and preventing you from reaching your full potential? Do you keep repeating the same patterns because of the shadows created by your past traumas? Does your life seem unmanageable and you do not know who to turn to?
(310) 494-2790 View (310) 494-2790
Photo of Mim Collins, Psy.D., M.F.T., Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Mim Collins, Psy.D., M.F.T.
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Valley Village, CA 91607
I provide an environment for people to gain a deeper understanding of their lives. Most of us want to feel we are understood. Feeling an emotional connection allows us, not only to feel understood, but cared for and accompanied on the pathway to change. Most of us have difficulty undertaking the process alone. Effective therapy can be a vehicle toward that experience, and toward more fulfilling relationships in our lives. Effective therapy is what I do.
I provide an environment for people to gain a deeper understanding of their lives. Most of us want to feel we are understood. Feeling an emotional connection allows us, not only to feel understood, but cared for and accompanied on the pathway to change. Most of us have difficulty undertaking the process alone. Effective therapy can be a vehicle toward that experience, and toward more fulfilling relationships in our lives. Effective therapy is what I do.
(818) 924-3155 View (818) 924-3155
Photo of Marisa Schimmel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley Village, CA
Marisa Schimmel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Valley Village, CA 91607  (Online Only)
I'm Marisa, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (115264) who received my Master of Social Work from the University of Southern California, specializing in children, youth, and families. I have expertise in working with individual adults specializing in Depression, Anxiety, Trauma, Transitions, Relationship Issues, and Self Esteem.
I'm Marisa, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (115264) who received my Master of Social Work from the University of Southern California, specializing in children, youth, and families. I have expertise in working with individual adults specializing in Depression, Anxiety, Trauma, Transitions, Relationship Issues, and Self Esteem.
(818) 862-5338 View (818) 862-5338
Photo of Jennifer Schneider, Psychologist in Valley Village, CA
Jennifer Schneider
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Valley Village, CA 91607
In my therapy practice, I nurture a trusting relationship; one in which clients can feel safe to explore their thoughts and feelings. I work collaboratively and am interactive in my approach to therapy. I believe it is the relationship between a client and therapist that is paramount in creating lasting change and personal healing. Developing trust, understanding and authenticity is essential before any meaningful healing can take place. I work with my patients to help them achieve an awareness of themselves and their personal histories in order to broaden and deepen their sense of self-efficacy and self-esteem.
In my therapy practice, I nurture a trusting relationship; one in which clients can feel safe to explore their thoughts and feelings. I work collaboratively and am interactive in my approach to therapy. I believe it is the relationship between a client and therapist that is paramount in creating lasting change and personal healing. Developing trust, understanding and authenticity is essential before any meaningful healing can take place. I work with my patients to help them achieve an awareness of themselves and their personal histories in order to broaden and deepen their sense of self-efficacy and self-esteem.
(310) 402-0621 View (310) 402-0621

See more therapy options for Valley Village

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Valley Village, CA

70+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Valley Village, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
91% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
77% Stress
76% Trauma and PTSD
73% Self Esteem
72% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth
51% Aetna

How Therapists in Valley Village, CA see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

70% Female
30% Male

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Valley Village?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.